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INDUSTRIAL
SYMBIOSIS
GREEN BRIDGE FORUM
JŪRMALA - LATVIA
FRIDAY APRIL 17TH 2015
HOW GLOBAL CHALLENGES
BECOME LOCAL ADVANTAGES
SØREN BIRKSØ SØRENSEN, PROJECT OFFICER
SYMBIOSIS CENTRE DENMARK
soren.sorensen@kalundborg.dk
From residual to resource
- the principle of industrial symbiosis
A short introduction
Symbiosis Centre Denmark
• Specialized in identifying and helping Industrial Symbiosis’
to come to life
• Skilled and experienced in facilitating existing Industrial
Symbiosis’
• Advisors in capacity-building in relation to Industrial
Symbiosis’
The history of Industrial Symbiosis in Denmark
1960’es -> today
• Kalundborg Symbiosis
•The worlds first working Industrial Symbiosis
•Developed organically over the last more than four
decades
•Based on commercial agreements between the partners
•Today it has 8 private and public partners
•Today ≈ 50 different ‘symbiotic exchanges’
Kalundborg Symbiosis is one of the most well-known in
the world and widely described in the academia.
The history of Industrial Symbiosis in Denmark
1989
The term “Industrial Symbiosis” is used for the first time
1996 -> today
Kalundborg Symbiosis Association
Symbiosis Secretariat and Visiting Center
•Kalundborg Municipality takes more active part in the
Kalundborg Symbiosis
•Kalundborg Municipality focuses actively on being “The
Green Industrial Municipality” - a vision partly based on
the principle of industrial symbiosis
The history of Industrial Symbiosis in Denmark
2011 -> 2014
Regional Symbiosis Center
• “Takes the learnings from Kalundborg Symbiosis” and ‘reuse’ the idea
allover Zealand
2013 -> 2015
National program – Green Industrial Symbiosis
• National Task Force
• Focus on growth and business - based in Erhvervsstyrelsen, Danish
Business Authority
• Offers to businesses: Free resource check, Individual matchmaking,
Matchmaking events, Drafting of an action pla n & Assistance in
applying for subsidy
The history of Industrial Symbiosis in Denmark
2015 -> 2017
Dansk SymbioseCenter | Symbiosis Center Denmark
•Funded by Vækstforum Sjælland = based in Zealand Region
•BUT with (inter)national focus
•Continues the efforts to bring Industrial Symbiosis further
out and forward
– Resource-optimization = focus on industries and companies locally
– Branding and investment = focus on international companies and
investors
– Education and skills = focus on employees, local administration,
students etc.
– Knowledge and competence-center
•Several partly EU-funded projects
Symbiosis-initiatives in Denmark
Not just to the benefit of us …. BUT ….
Industrial Symbioses – a definition?
An industrial symbiosis is an ecosystem where the
residual product of one enterprise is used as a resource
by another enterprise, in a closed cycle / loop.
This is made possible through local collaboration, where
public and private enterprises buy and sell residual
products, resulting in mutual economic and
environmental benefits
http://www.symbiosecenter.dk/
Input resources
Input resources
Product Product
Waste / by-products
Waste / by-products
Traditional industries
Market
Input resources
Input resources
Product Product
Waste / by-products
Waste / by-products
Industrial Symbiotic industries
By-product 1
By-product 2
Result:
Minimising costs handling waste
Minimising costs buying resources = better competiveness
Kalundborg Symbiosis: How it started.
• The Symbiosis was not invented, but developed organically over
many decades.
• Kalundborg Symbiosis was a “non-project”, created by a “non-
organisation”.
• Symbiosis means ‘collaboration between different organisms for mutual
benefit’ - a metaphor used about the system since 1991.
a little bit of history…
Kalundborg: The fjord, the town & the industry
Kalundborg Symbiosis
Kalundborg Symbiosis: How it started.
• The Symbiosis was not invented, but developed organically over
many decades.
• Kalundborg Symbiosis was a “non-project”, created by a “non-
organisation”.
• Symbiosis means ‘collaboration between different organisms for mutual
benefit’ - a metaphor used about the system since 1991.
TOTAL SYMBIOSIS SYSTEM 2011
The Symbiosis Model - a model for business development
encompassing 3 dimensions:
- Economy: Minimizing costs and improved bottom line and
competititve edge
- Environment: Resource efficiency through reuse, recycling, and
reduced intake of virgin materials
- Innovation and development: Improved introduction and access
to new technologies and R&D, job creation and regional
development
Environmental Aspects
Resource savings, compared to ‘non-symbiosis-situation’
– some examples (2008):
Ground water ……………… 2.000.000 m3/year
Surface water ……………… 1.000.000 m3/year
Natural gypsum …………… 100.000 tons/year
Oil ………………………………… 20.000 tons/year
Reduction of CO2 emission 275.000 tons
now more likely 300.000 tons
Kalundborg Symbiosis: How it started.
• The Symbiosis was not invented, but developed organically over
many decades.
• Kalundborg Symbiosis was a “non-project”, created by a “non-
organisation”.
• Symbiosis means ‘collaboration between different organisms for mutual
benefit’ - a metaphor used about the system since 1991.
Kalundborg Symbiosis
The first industrial symbiosis ever
Developed over more than four decades
Build on the basis of commercial
agreements between independent partners
Kalundborg Symbiosis: How it started.
• The Symbiosis was not invented, but developed organically over
many decades.
• Kalundborg Symbiosis was a “non-project”, created by a “non-
organisation”.
• Symbiosis means ‘collaboration between different organisms for mutual
benefit’ - a metaphor used about the system since 1991.
Kalundborg Symbiosis
One partners by-product becomes another
partners resource
Approximately 50 symbiotic exchanges
What would otherwise have been waste is
turned into money giving the participants a
competitive edge in the marketplace
Kalundborg Symbiosis: How it started.
• The Symbiosis was not invented, but developed organically over
many decades.
• Kalundborg Symbiosis was a “non-project”, created by a “non-
organisation”.
• Symbiosis means ‘collaboration between different organisms for mutual
benefit’ - a metaphor used about the system since 1991.
Kalundborg Symbiosis
Organised as an association of independent
industries
Managed by a board
All the partners – private and public
companies – are on the board
Meets 3-4 times annually
The municipality is on the board but no
special services or arrangements with the
Kalundborg symbiosis partners.
Kalundborg Symbiosis: How it started.
• The Symbiosis was not invented, but developed organically over
many decades.
• Kalundborg Symbiosis was a “non-project”, created by a “non-
organisation”.
• Symbiosis means ‘collaboration between different organisms for mutual
benefit’ - a metaphor used about the system since 1991.
What can be learned from
KALUNDBORG?
• The industrial potential must be
present:
– Several industries within a limited
physical distance (water and energy)
– ”A good fit”
– No major competitors
• Economic incentive is vital
• Good communication / interaction
is essential
– Based on mutual trust
– Believing in the others ability to
survive in their own line of
business
Please visit
www.symbiosis.dk
www.symbiosecenter.dk
to find more information.
and join our groups on:
soren.sorensen@kalundborg.dk
Systems make it
possible
People make it happen
Kalundborg Symbiosis
Kalundborg Symbiosis
Thank you very
much for your
attention

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GBF 2015, April 17th, Presentation of Mr. Soren Birkso Sorensen

  • 1. INDUSTRIAL SYMBIOSIS GREEN BRIDGE FORUM JŪRMALA - LATVIA FRIDAY APRIL 17TH 2015 HOW GLOBAL CHALLENGES BECOME LOCAL ADVANTAGES SØREN BIRKSØ SØRENSEN, PROJECT OFFICER SYMBIOSIS CENTRE DENMARK soren.sorensen@kalundborg.dk
  • 2. From residual to resource - the principle of industrial symbiosis A short introduction
  • 3. Symbiosis Centre Denmark • Specialized in identifying and helping Industrial Symbiosis’ to come to life • Skilled and experienced in facilitating existing Industrial Symbiosis’ • Advisors in capacity-building in relation to Industrial Symbiosis’
  • 4. The history of Industrial Symbiosis in Denmark 1960’es -> today • Kalundborg Symbiosis •The worlds first working Industrial Symbiosis •Developed organically over the last more than four decades •Based on commercial agreements between the partners •Today it has 8 private and public partners •Today ≈ 50 different ‘symbiotic exchanges’ Kalundborg Symbiosis is one of the most well-known in the world and widely described in the academia.
  • 5. The history of Industrial Symbiosis in Denmark 1989 The term “Industrial Symbiosis” is used for the first time 1996 -> today Kalundborg Symbiosis Association Symbiosis Secretariat and Visiting Center •Kalundborg Municipality takes more active part in the Kalundborg Symbiosis •Kalundborg Municipality focuses actively on being “The Green Industrial Municipality” - a vision partly based on the principle of industrial symbiosis
  • 6. The history of Industrial Symbiosis in Denmark 2011 -> 2014 Regional Symbiosis Center • “Takes the learnings from Kalundborg Symbiosis” and ‘reuse’ the idea allover Zealand 2013 -> 2015 National program – Green Industrial Symbiosis • National Task Force • Focus on growth and business - based in Erhvervsstyrelsen, Danish Business Authority • Offers to businesses: Free resource check, Individual matchmaking, Matchmaking events, Drafting of an action pla n & Assistance in applying for subsidy
  • 7. The history of Industrial Symbiosis in Denmark 2015 -> 2017 Dansk SymbioseCenter | Symbiosis Center Denmark •Funded by Vækstforum Sjælland = based in Zealand Region •BUT with (inter)national focus •Continues the efforts to bring Industrial Symbiosis further out and forward – Resource-optimization = focus on industries and companies locally – Branding and investment = focus on international companies and investors – Education and skills = focus on employees, local administration, students etc. – Knowledge and competence-center •Several partly EU-funded projects
  • 8. Symbiosis-initiatives in Denmark Not just to the benefit of us …. BUT ….
  • 9. Industrial Symbioses – a definition? An industrial symbiosis is an ecosystem where the residual product of one enterprise is used as a resource by another enterprise, in a closed cycle / loop. This is made possible through local collaboration, where public and private enterprises buy and sell residual products, resulting in mutual economic and environmental benefits http://www.symbiosecenter.dk/
  • 10. Input resources Input resources Product Product Waste / by-products Waste / by-products Traditional industries Market
  • 11. Input resources Input resources Product Product Waste / by-products Waste / by-products Industrial Symbiotic industries By-product 1 By-product 2 Result: Minimising costs handling waste Minimising costs buying resources = better competiveness
  • 12. Kalundborg Symbiosis: How it started. • The Symbiosis was not invented, but developed organically over many decades. • Kalundborg Symbiosis was a “non-project”, created by a “non- organisation”. • Symbiosis means ‘collaboration between different organisms for mutual benefit’ - a metaphor used about the system since 1991. a little bit of history…
  • 13. Kalundborg: The fjord, the town & the industry
  • 15. Kalundborg Symbiosis: How it started. • The Symbiosis was not invented, but developed organically over many decades. • Kalundborg Symbiosis was a “non-project”, created by a “non- organisation”. • Symbiosis means ‘collaboration between different organisms for mutual benefit’ - a metaphor used about the system since 1991.
  • 17. The Symbiosis Model - a model for business development encompassing 3 dimensions: - Economy: Minimizing costs and improved bottom line and competititve edge - Environment: Resource efficiency through reuse, recycling, and reduced intake of virgin materials - Innovation and development: Improved introduction and access to new technologies and R&D, job creation and regional development
  • 18. Environmental Aspects Resource savings, compared to ‘non-symbiosis-situation’ – some examples (2008): Ground water ……………… 2.000.000 m3/year Surface water ……………… 1.000.000 m3/year Natural gypsum …………… 100.000 tons/year Oil ………………………………… 20.000 tons/year Reduction of CO2 emission 275.000 tons now more likely 300.000 tons
  • 19. Kalundborg Symbiosis: How it started. • The Symbiosis was not invented, but developed organically over many decades. • Kalundborg Symbiosis was a “non-project”, created by a “non- organisation”. • Symbiosis means ‘collaboration between different organisms for mutual benefit’ - a metaphor used about the system since 1991. Kalundborg Symbiosis The first industrial symbiosis ever Developed over more than four decades Build on the basis of commercial agreements between independent partners
  • 20. Kalundborg Symbiosis: How it started. • The Symbiosis was not invented, but developed organically over many decades. • Kalundborg Symbiosis was a “non-project”, created by a “non- organisation”. • Symbiosis means ‘collaboration between different organisms for mutual benefit’ - a metaphor used about the system since 1991. Kalundborg Symbiosis One partners by-product becomes another partners resource Approximately 50 symbiotic exchanges What would otherwise have been waste is turned into money giving the participants a competitive edge in the marketplace
  • 21. Kalundborg Symbiosis: How it started. • The Symbiosis was not invented, but developed organically over many decades. • Kalundborg Symbiosis was a “non-project”, created by a “non- organisation”. • Symbiosis means ‘collaboration between different organisms for mutual benefit’ - a metaphor used about the system since 1991. Kalundborg Symbiosis Organised as an association of independent industries Managed by a board All the partners – private and public companies – are on the board Meets 3-4 times annually The municipality is on the board but no special services or arrangements with the Kalundborg symbiosis partners.
  • 22. Kalundborg Symbiosis: How it started. • The Symbiosis was not invented, but developed organically over many decades. • Kalundborg Symbiosis was a “non-project”, created by a “non- organisation”. • Symbiosis means ‘collaboration between different organisms for mutual benefit’ - a metaphor used about the system since 1991. What can be learned from KALUNDBORG? • The industrial potential must be present: – Several industries within a limited physical distance (water and energy) – ”A good fit” – No major competitors • Economic incentive is vital • Good communication / interaction is essential – Based on mutual trust – Believing in the others ability to survive in their own line of business
  • 23. Please visit www.symbiosis.dk www.symbiosecenter.dk to find more information. and join our groups on: soren.sorensen@kalundborg.dk
  • 24. Systems make it possible People make it happen Kalundborg Symbiosis Kalundborg Symbiosis Thank you very much for your attention