The Solar System and the celestial bodies

2. Which is the biggest planet?
How many planets are there between
the Earth and the Sun?
What other elements are there in the
Solar System?
How many planets are in The Solar System?

3. The Solar System consists of the Sun, eight plantes and their moons, comets
and asteroids. They are all called celestial bodies.
Everything in the Solar System orbits the Sun.

4. The Sun is the largest celestial body, It is much bigger than
any planet.
It is a yellow star which provides the light and the heat
neccesary for life on earth,
It is at the centre of the Solar System.
The Sun rotates on its own invisible axis.

5. There are eight large celestial bodies called planets.
Each planet rotates on its own invisile axis.
VenusEarth

6. Each planet also orbits the Sun.
Terrestrial Gas giants
Mercury Jupiter
Venus Saturn
The Earth Uranus
Mars Neptune
They are small and mainly made up of rock They are large and are made up of gases
The Planets are classified into two groups:

7. This picture shows a
moon orbiting a
planet. An orbit is
the path followed by
something that
revolves, or goes
around something
else
Natural Satellites are smaller celestial bodies, such as moons, which orbit
their planets.

8. An asteroid trail movie
In the Solar System there are thousands of tiny, rocky celestial bodies called
asteorids.
They have different shapes.

9. Comets are small celestial bodies made up of ice, dust and rock.
They have bright tails which point away from the Sun. We can only
see the tail of a comet when it is close to the Sun.

10. The Earth revolves around the Sun. Its orbit is an elongated circle, called ellipse.
The Earth take exactly 365 days and 6 hours to complete its orbit. Our “normal”
calendar years are only 365 days long.

11. The Earth is a sphere. It rotates on its own invible axis, which pases through
the North and South Poles. It takes 24 hours to complete this rotation.
One half of
the Earth is
facing the
Sun. In this
half it is day.
This half is
facing away
from the Sun.
It does not
receive
sunlight. In
this half it is
night.
The Earth always rotates in the same direction. Consequently , the Sun always rises in
the east and sets in the west.

12. Sun rise Sunset

13. North hemisphere
South hemisphere
In geometry it is an exact half of a sphere.
It also refers to half of the Earth

14. The Earth´s axis is slightly tilted.
This hemisphere is tilyed
away from the Sun. It
receives less light and heat. It
is winter in this hemisphere.
This hemispehere is
tilted towards the Sun, It
receives more light and
heat. It is summer in
this hemisphere.
This hemispehere is
tilted towards the
Sun, It receives
more light and heat.
It is summer in this
hemisphere.
This hemisphere is tilyed away
from the Sun. It receives less light
and heat. It is winter in this
hemisphere.

15. The Moon is the Earth´s only natural satellite. It takes
27,3 days to orbit the Earth.
The Moon rotates on its axis in the same time it takes the Moon to orbit the
Earth. The same side of the moon always faces the Earth.

16. New Moon
Firts quarter
Full Moon
Last quarter
When we look to the Moon from Earth, its appearance changes throughout the
lunar month. These changes in appearance are called lunar phases.
NEW MOON:
no part of the
Moon is
visible
because the
side of the
Moon facing
the Earth is
not being lit by
the Sun.
FIRST QUARTER: one half of the Moon is being lit by
direct sunlight. This iluminated half is increasing.
FULL
MOON:
the side
of the
Moon
facing the
Earth is
being lit
by the
Sun.
LAST QUARTER: the other half of the Moon is being lit
by direct sunlight. This illuminated hald is decreasing.

17. Moon
Earth
Sun
Sometimes during their orbits, the Moon, the Earth and the Sun align and an eclipse occurs.
During a lunar eclipse, the Earth passes between the Sun and the Moon,
and blocks the Sun´s light. The Earth´s shadow moves across the surface of
the Moon.

18. During a solar eclipse the Moon passes between the Earth and the Sun
and it blocks the Sun´s light and projects a shadow on the Earth. When
the Moon and Sun are in the perfect line it is called total eclipse.

19. Never look at the Sun during
an eclipse without adequate
protection. You can look at
the Sun without filters only
when it is totally eclipsed.

20. A star is a spherical body which generates light and heat thriugh nuclear
reactions. Most stars consist of the gases hydrogen and helium.
Stars have different characteristics:
Colour: Depending on their temperature, stars can be red,
orange, yellow, white or blue.
Size: all stars are enormous, but some are larger than
others.
Luminosity: this refers to the amount of light from the star
which reaches the Earth.

21. Stars are divided into 88 groups or constellations to make identification easier.
The constellations have the names of characters from classicalmythology or
the names os animals and objects because of the shapes they form.

22. The Ursa major, or the Big Bear, can be seen all year.

23. Orion constellation can only be seen in winter.

24. Hercules constellation can only be seen in summer.

25. A nebulae is a cloud of dust and gas. Some nebulae are illuminated
by stars near them. New stars are formed in some nebulae.

26. Galaxies are enormous group os stars, gases and dust.
There are three types:
elliptical
spiral
irregular

27. Our Solar System is on the edge of galaxy called the Milky Way. All the stars
which we can see belong to this galaxy.