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Capturing the relationship between our habits and the
impacts on the environment, weather, climate...
(c) H. Anderson. T&T Meteorological Service29/01/2015
Two important aspects
1. Understanding the concept of ‘Risk’
2. Examining humanity’s relationship with
the environment, specifically weather and
climate
© H. Anderson. T&T Meteorological Service
What are Hazards?
 Hazards are phenomena or events that pose the
possibility of loss of life, or damage to property and
infrastructure.
(c) H. Anderson. T&T Meteorological Service
Examples include:
Lightning strikes, flooding,
strong gusty winds, tropical
cyclones, earthquakes,
volcanic eruptions, civil
unrest or political instability,
terrorism, etc...
Vulnerability
 Being prone or susceptible to damage or injury
(c) H. Anderson. T&T Meteorological Service
Active Volcano
City
Risk
 The chance or possibility of loss or bad consequence
 Exposure to danger
(c) H. Anderson. T&T Meteorological Service
For example:
1. You’re house is
at risk of
burning;
2. We are at risk of
being flooded
out.
Disaster
 A sudden or great misfortune
 Calamity
 Complete failure
(c) H. Anderson. T&T Meteorological Service
Disaster
 For a Disaster to have occurred human life or property
must incurred some loss.
 Disasters require Vulnerable groups
 These Vulnerable groups are at some Risk
(c) H. Anderson. T&T Meteorological Service
Vulnerable
people/
property
High Risk Disaster!
Disasters are a function of Risk
As Risk increases so does the potential for loss of lives
or damage to property in any disaster.
(c) H. Anderson. T&T Meteorological Service
Meteorological hazards common to
Trinidad and Tobago
 Heavy/Intense Rainfall
 Extended Rainfall
 Strong/Gusty Winds
 Lightning Strikes
 Hurricanes
 Tropical Storms
 Storm Surges
 Dangerous Seas
 Land Erosion
 Riverine Flooding
 Flash Floods
 Landslides/Land Slips
 Mudslides
 Funnel Clouds/
Waterspouts
 Low Visibility
 Saharan Dust
 Smoke/Bush and Forest
Fires
 Any more you can think
of?
(c) H. Anderson. T&T Meteorological Service
How Meteorological Hazards Affect
Us
 Can cause the loss of human lives
 Loss of property
 Damages infrastructure and communications
 Harms the economy
 Can cause social unrest/civil disobedience/lawlessness
 Breakdown of social bonds and structures
 Health problems, eg. Asthma, Pathogenic Diseases
such as Dengue Fever, Cholera, etc...
 Huge rebuilding and recovery costs
(c) H. Anderson. T&T Meteorological Service
Our Relationship with the
Environment: Weather and Climate
 Very complex and iterative
 Humans depend on the environment for our
sustenance/survival – food, water, protection,
livelihoods
 However our use of the environment has direct
impacts on the way the environment expresses itself:
scenery, temperature, rainfall timing and receipts, sea
level, and many more...
(c) H. Anderson. T&T Meteorological Service
Climate Change
 Climate change is the change in our weather patterns
that are occurring because of an increase in the earth's
average temperature
 Otherwise known as Global Warming
 It is said to be happening as a result of increasing
Carbon Dioxide levels in the Atmosphere...
 Carbon Dioxide that Humans have put there... ?
(c) H. Anderson. T&T Meteorological Service
Is Climate Change Real? Is it our
fault?
(c) H. Anderson. T&T Meteorological Service
Potential Impacts of Climate
Change
 Increasing ambient temperatures
 Rising Sea-levels and Temperatures
 Changing climate and weather patterns:
More intense rainfall events?
Drier Dry Seasons?
More Hurricane Activity?
 Threats to Water Resources
and Agriculture/Food Production
(c) H. Anderson. T&T Meteorological Service
Still a Need to Minimise Risk
Utilisation
of Natural
Resources
Pollution &
Environmental
Degradation
Climate
Change
Changing
Weather
Patterns
Diminished
Resource Base
•As mentioned before
humans and the
environment have a
dynamic relationship...
•We depend on the
environment for
survival, and the
environment responds to
our actions
(c) H. Anderson. T&T Meteorological Service
Minimising
Risk
Reducing
Vulnerability
(c) H. Anderson. T&T Meteorological Service
How to Minimise Vulnerability?
Case Study: Trinidad 2010
Conditions:
 2010 Dry Season one of driest on record
(March 2010 driest on record)
 Northern Range was on fire for
extended periods due to indiscriminate
lighting of fires – hunters, slash & burn
agriculture, cigarettes
 Clearing of hillsides and unplanned
developments
 Many questionable “approved”
developments
 Inadequate infrastructure
How to Minimise Vulnerability?
Case Study: Trinidad 2010
Results: During the Dry Season
 Smoke-filled atmosphere
 Loss of forests on Northern Range
 Loss of habitats and animal life
 High daytime and night-time temperatures due to an
enhanced greenhouse effect
 Onset of Asthma, Sinuses, and other breathing difficulties
(c) H. Anderson. T&T Meteorological Service
How to Minimise Vulnerability?
Case Study: Trinidad 2010
Results: During the Wet Season
 Loss of soil infiltration capacity through the loss of vegetative
cover
 High surface runoff and moderate/severe episodes of flash
flooding
 High levels of sedimentation in rivers, streams and drains,
resulting is widespread flooding
 Damage to property and infrastructure
 Loss of life (one)
(c) H. Anderson. T&T Meteorological Service
Personal habits & their impact
• Deteriorated visual quality, clogged drains
• Flooding, loss of life and property, loss of wildlife,
lawlessness
Indiscriminate dumping of
plastic bottles, Styrofoam
plates/cups, tyres, appliances
• Increased surface flow of water, floods, landslips
• Loss of life and damage to property at site and
downstream, reduced resource base, damaged
infrastructure
Lighting indiscriminate fires,
clearing hillside land, farming
on steep slopes
• Reduces vegetative cover and increases surface flow,
increasing possibility of flooding, landslips, loss of
life and property, damaged infrastructure
• Poisons aquatic life, reduced drinking water quality
Building in the Hills without
permission, uncontrolled use
of pesticides/herbicides, etc
• Uses more fuel/energy, produces greater amounts of
Carbon Dioxide and other pollutants
• Enhances global warming, rising sea levels, habitat
loss, “freak” weather risk increases, lives at risk
Leaving unnecessary lights on,
running the a/c when not in
the room, driving
unnecessarily, etc
What do we do?
 Manage our lands more effectively – proper planning
and enforcement of policies/regulations/legislation
 Become more environmentally conscious –
indiscriminate dumping of waste, proper disposal of
solid and liquid waste
 Protect our vital watersheds from fires and illegal use
since they protect us from flooding
 Reforest damaged hillsides
 Reassess and improve our infrastructure to cope with
observed changes
© H. Anderson. T&T Meteorological Service
What do we do?
 Claim ownership of the environment. It is not “they”
or “the government” that owns it. YOU own it.
 Assess your own vulnerability: Observe recent flood
water levels; identify if you live in a flood plain; look
out for tilted utility poles; check for clogged or
inadequate drains
 Become socially active: demand from your
parliamentary representative that they remedy
possible vulnerabilities
 Don’t procrastinate
(c) H. Anderson. T&T Meteorological Service
Remember...
 You depend on the environment for your needs (water,
clean air, food, etc.)
 The environment naturally has built in mechanisms to
deal with weather/climatic vagaries
 It is our manipulation of the environment that puts us
at risk, in addition to building our settlements in
disaster-prone areas
 A Disaster can be mitigated by reducing Risk and
Vulnerability
(c) H. Anderson. T&T Meteorological Service
Thank you!
(c) H. Anderson. T&T Meteorological Service

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T&TEC HSE Week Presentation

  • 1. Capturing the relationship between our habits and the impacts on the environment, weather, climate... (c) H. Anderson. T&T Meteorological Service29/01/2015
  • 2. Two important aspects 1. Understanding the concept of ‘Risk’ 2. Examining humanity’s relationship with the environment, specifically weather and climate © H. Anderson. T&T Meteorological Service
  • 3. What are Hazards?  Hazards are phenomena or events that pose the possibility of loss of life, or damage to property and infrastructure. (c) H. Anderson. T&T Meteorological Service Examples include: Lightning strikes, flooding, strong gusty winds, tropical cyclones, earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, civil unrest or political instability, terrorism, etc...
  • 4. Vulnerability  Being prone or susceptible to damage or injury (c) H. Anderson. T&T Meteorological Service Active Volcano City
  • 5. Risk  The chance or possibility of loss or bad consequence  Exposure to danger (c) H. Anderson. T&T Meteorological Service For example: 1. You’re house is at risk of burning; 2. We are at risk of being flooded out.
  • 6. Disaster  A sudden or great misfortune  Calamity  Complete failure (c) H. Anderson. T&T Meteorological Service
  • 7. Disaster  For a Disaster to have occurred human life or property must incurred some loss.  Disasters require Vulnerable groups  These Vulnerable groups are at some Risk (c) H. Anderson. T&T Meteorological Service Vulnerable people/ property High Risk Disaster!
  • 8. Disasters are a function of Risk As Risk increases so does the potential for loss of lives or damage to property in any disaster. (c) H. Anderson. T&T Meteorological Service
  • 9. Meteorological hazards common to Trinidad and Tobago  Heavy/Intense Rainfall  Extended Rainfall  Strong/Gusty Winds  Lightning Strikes  Hurricanes  Tropical Storms  Storm Surges  Dangerous Seas  Land Erosion  Riverine Flooding  Flash Floods  Landslides/Land Slips  Mudslides  Funnel Clouds/ Waterspouts  Low Visibility  Saharan Dust  Smoke/Bush and Forest Fires  Any more you can think of? (c) H. Anderson. T&T Meteorological Service
  • 10. How Meteorological Hazards Affect Us  Can cause the loss of human lives  Loss of property  Damages infrastructure and communications  Harms the economy  Can cause social unrest/civil disobedience/lawlessness  Breakdown of social bonds and structures  Health problems, eg. Asthma, Pathogenic Diseases such as Dengue Fever, Cholera, etc...  Huge rebuilding and recovery costs (c) H. Anderson. T&T Meteorological Service
  • 11. Our Relationship with the Environment: Weather and Climate  Very complex and iterative  Humans depend on the environment for our sustenance/survival – food, water, protection, livelihoods  However our use of the environment has direct impacts on the way the environment expresses itself: scenery, temperature, rainfall timing and receipts, sea level, and many more... (c) H. Anderson. T&T Meteorological Service
  • 12. Climate Change  Climate change is the change in our weather patterns that are occurring because of an increase in the earth's average temperature  Otherwise known as Global Warming  It is said to be happening as a result of increasing Carbon Dioxide levels in the Atmosphere...  Carbon Dioxide that Humans have put there... ? (c) H. Anderson. T&T Meteorological Service
  • 13. Is Climate Change Real? Is it our fault? (c) H. Anderson. T&T Meteorological Service
  • 14. Potential Impacts of Climate Change  Increasing ambient temperatures  Rising Sea-levels and Temperatures  Changing climate and weather patterns: More intense rainfall events? Drier Dry Seasons? More Hurricane Activity?  Threats to Water Resources and Agriculture/Food Production (c) H. Anderson. T&T Meteorological Service
  • 15. Still a Need to Minimise Risk Utilisation of Natural Resources Pollution & Environmental Degradation Climate Change Changing Weather Patterns Diminished Resource Base •As mentioned before humans and the environment have a dynamic relationship... •We depend on the environment for survival, and the environment responds to our actions (c) H. Anderson. T&T Meteorological Service
  • 17. How to Minimise Vulnerability? Case Study: Trinidad 2010 Conditions:  2010 Dry Season one of driest on record (March 2010 driest on record)  Northern Range was on fire for extended periods due to indiscriminate lighting of fires – hunters, slash & burn agriculture, cigarettes  Clearing of hillsides and unplanned developments  Many questionable “approved” developments  Inadequate infrastructure
  • 18. How to Minimise Vulnerability? Case Study: Trinidad 2010 Results: During the Dry Season  Smoke-filled atmosphere  Loss of forests on Northern Range  Loss of habitats and animal life  High daytime and night-time temperatures due to an enhanced greenhouse effect  Onset of Asthma, Sinuses, and other breathing difficulties (c) H. Anderson. T&T Meteorological Service
  • 19. How to Minimise Vulnerability? Case Study: Trinidad 2010 Results: During the Wet Season  Loss of soil infiltration capacity through the loss of vegetative cover  High surface runoff and moderate/severe episodes of flash flooding  High levels of sedimentation in rivers, streams and drains, resulting is widespread flooding  Damage to property and infrastructure  Loss of life (one) (c) H. Anderson. T&T Meteorological Service
  • 20. Personal habits & their impact • Deteriorated visual quality, clogged drains • Flooding, loss of life and property, loss of wildlife, lawlessness Indiscriminate dumping of plastic bottles, Styrofoam plates/cups, tyres, appliances • Increased surface flow of water, floods, landslips • Loss of life and damage to property at site and downstream, reduced resource base, damaged infrastructure Lighting indiscriminate fires, clearing hillside land, farming on steep slopes • Reduces vegetative cover and increases surface flow, increasing possibility of flooding, landslips, loss of life and property, damaged infrastructure • Poisons aquatic life, reduced drinking water quality Building in the Hills without permission, uncontrolled use of pesticides/herbicides, etc • Uses more fuel/energy, produces greater amounts of Carbon Dioxide and other pollutants • Enhances global warming, rising sea levels, habitat loss, “freak” weather risk increases, lives at risk Leaving unnecessary lights on, running the a/c when not in the room, driving unnecessarily, etc
  • 21. What do we do?  Manage our lands more effectively – proper planning and enforcement of policies/regulations/legislation  Become more environmentally conscious – indiscriminate dumping of waste, proper disposal of solid and liquid waste  Protect our vital watersheds from fires and illegal use since they protect us from flooding  Reforest damaged hillsides  Reassess and improve our infrastructure to cope with observed changes © H. Anderson. T&T Meteorological Service
  • 22. What do we do?  Claim ownership of the environment. It is not “they” or “the government” that owns it. YOU own it.  Assess your own vulnerability: Observe recent flood water levels; identify if you live in a flood plain; look out for tilted utility poles; check for clogged or inadequate drains  Become socially active: demand from your parliamentary representative that they remedy possible vulnerabilities  Don’t procrastinate (c) H. Anderson. T&T Meteorological Service
  • 23. Remember...  You depend on the environment for your needs (water, clean air, food, etc.)  The environment naturally has built in mechanisms to deal with weather/climatic vagaries  It is our manipulation of the environment that puts us at risk, in addition to building our settlements in disaster-prone areas  A Disaster can be mitigated by reducing Risk and Vulnerability (c) H. Anderson. T&T Meteorological Service
  • 24. Thank you! (c) H. Anderson. T&T Meteorological Service