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‫والحياة‬ ‫الطبيعة‬ ‫علوم‬‫كلية‬
‫ل‬‫حو‬‫بحث‬
‫طرف‬ ‫من‬ ‫أنجز‬
‫حمزة‬ ‫مـــــــــــــــــــــــــــوسى‬
‫حبيب‬ ‫خـــــــــــــــــــــــــــامس‬
‫جالل‬ ‫مـــــــــــــــــــــــــــخناش‬
‫العلمي‬ ‫والبحث‬ ‫العالي‬ ‫التعليم‬ ‫ة‬‫ر‬‫ا‬‫ز‬‫و‬
‫عباس‬‫فرحات‬ ‫جامعة‬
1-‫مقدمة‬
2-‫بناء‬‫فين‬‫ر‬‫اإلندو‬–β
2.1-‫من‬ ‫ـن‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ي‬‫ف‬‫ر‬‫ـدو‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ن‬‫إ‬ ‫ـتا‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ي‬‫ب‬ ‫ينشأ‬ ‫كيف‬POMC
2.- 2‫ـالت‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ب‬‫مستق‬‫في‬‫ر‬‫اإلندو‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ن‬–β
- 3‫فين‬‫ر‬‫اإلندو‬‫إفراز‬-β
1.3-‫الجه‬‫تأثير‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫إف‬ ‫على‬ ‫البدني‬ ‫د‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫في‬‫ر‬‫اإلندو‬ ‫راز‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ن‬-β
2.3-‫األلم‬ ‫عند‬ ‫ـراز‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ف‬‫اإل‬ ‫آلية‬
4-‫تأثير‬ ‫آلية‬‫فين‬‫ر‬‫اإلندو‬-β
1.4-‫األلم‬ ‫ـد‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ن‬‫ع‬
2.5-‫الهرموني‬‫اإلفراز‬ ‫على‬ ‫ـر‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ي‬‫التأث‬
3.5-‫التكاثر‬ ‫على‬ ‫ـر‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ي‬‫التأث‬
4.5-‫املناعي‬ ‫الجهاز‬ ‫على‬ ‫ـر‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ي‬‫التأث‬
5.5-‫ى‬‫أخر‬ ‫ـرات‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ي‬‫تأث‬
2
‫ن‬‫ي‬‫ف‬‫دور‬‫األن‬‫اف‬‫ش‬‫ت‬‫اك‬‫م‬‫ت‬(Endorphins)‫ام‬‫ع‬‫ي‬‫ف‬ ‫ة‬‫صدف‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫ن‬
1975‫م‬,‫عددة‬‫ت‬‫م‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫ات‬‫د‬‫ي‬‫ب‬‫ب‬‫ب‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫من‬‫موعة‬‫ج‬‫م‬‫و‬‫ه‬
(Polypeptides)‫ف‬ ‫ة‬‫ي‬‫س‬‫ت‬‫ئ‬‫الر‬‫ا‬‫ه‬‫ت‬‫م‬‫ه‬‫م‬‫ل‬‫ي‬‫م‬‫ت‬‫ت‬‫ي‬‫ت‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫ارات‬‫اإلش‬‫ل‬‫ي‬‫ص‬‫و‬‫ت‬‫ي‬
‫رز‬‫ف‬
ُ‫ي‬‫و‬،‫ي‬‫ت‬‫ص‬‫ع‬‫ل‬
‫ا‬‫از‬‫ه‬‫ج‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫ر‬‫عب‬‫ة‬‫ي‬‫ب‬‫ص‬‫ع‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫من‬‫ف‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫ة‬‫ي‬‫م‬‫ا‬‫خ‬‫ن‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫دة‬‫ع‬‫لل‬‫امي‬‫م‬‫األ‬‫ص‬
(Pituitary)‫صري‬‫ت‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫ر‬‫ي‬‫ر‬‫س‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫ت‬‫ح‬‫ت‬‫و‬‫اإلج‬‫ات‬‫أوق‬‫ي‬‫ف‬‫اد‬‫ه‬(stress)
‫م‬‫ل‬‫األ‬‫ن‬‫اس‬‫ش‬‫ح‬‫اإل‬‫االت‬‫ح‬‫و‬
‫ق‬‫ن‬‫ي‬‫ف‬‫دور‬‫اإلن‬‫من‬
ً
‫ا‬‫ع‬‫و‬‫ت‬‫ن‬‫ري‬‫س‬‫ع‬‫من‬‫ر‬‫أكب‬
ً
‫ا‬‫ي‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫ح‬‫د‬‫وح‬‫ت‬‫ن‬‫ي‬‫ئ‬‫ومن‬،‫ا‬‫ه‬‫ت‬‫ل‬‫ع‬‫عرف‬‫ت‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫م‬‫ت‬‫د‬
‫من‬‫ل‬‫ك‬ ‫م‬‫س‬‫ج‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫ل‬‫ح‬‫دا‬‫رز‬‫ف‬‫ي‬‫ي‬‫ت‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫واع‬‫األت‬:
-1‫ا‬‫ف‬‫ل‬‫أ‬‫ن‬‫ي‬‫ف‬‫دور‬‫إن‬)endorphin-(α
-2‫ا‬‫م‬‫ا‬‫ح‬‫ن‬‫ي‬‫ف‬‫دور‬‫إن‬)-endorphin(ɣ
-3‫ا‬‫م‬‫ج‬‫ن‬‫س‬‫ن‬‫ي‬‫ف‬‫دور‬‫إن‬)(δ-endorphin
4-‫ا‬‫ي‬‫ب‬‫ئ‬‫ن‬‫ي‬‫ف‬‫دور‬‫أن‬(β)‫ي‬‫ت‬‫األو‬‫ر‬‫أكب‬‫من‬‫ة‬‫ي‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫ع‬‫ف‬‫و‬‫وة‬‫ق‬‫ا‬‫ه‬‫ر‬‫أكب‬‫عد‬‫ي‬‫ت‬‫م‬‫ت‬‫ي‬‫ت‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫ات‬‫د‬‫ون‬
‫ع‬‫س‬‫و‬‫ي‬‫ت‬‫ا‬‫ه‬‫ت‬‫س‬‫درا‬,‫ن‬‫ي‬‫م‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫ع‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫طرف‬‫من‬‫ه‬‫اف‬‫ش‬‫ت‬‫اك‬‫م‬‫ت‬Li‫و‬David Chung
(1976)‫ال‬‫م‬‫ج‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ة‬‫ي‬‫م‬‫ا‬‫خ‬‫ن‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫دة‬‫ع‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫ي‬‫ف‬,‫ان‬‫ش‬‫ن‬‫اإل‬‫د‬‫ي‬‫ع‬‫ا‬‫م‬‫أ‬β-‫ي‬‫ع‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫م‬‫ت‬‫ن‬‫ي‬‫ف‬‫دور‬‫اإلن‬‫ور‬
‫وكذ‬،‫اد‬‫ه‬‫الم‬‫ت‬‫ح‬‫ت‬‫ا‬‫م‬‫ة‬‫ق‬‫ط‬‫ت‬‫م‬‫ل‬‫ة‬‫ي‬‫صب‬‫ع‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫ا‬‫الن‬‫خ‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫ي‬‫ف‬ ‫ه‬‫ي‬‫ل‬‫ع‬‫ة‬‫ي‬‫م‬‫ا‬‫خ‬‫ن‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫دة‬‫ع‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫لك‬
β-‫ا‬‫الن‬‫خ‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫ي‬‫ف‬ ‫ود‬‫موج‬‫ي‬‫ذات‬‫د‬‫ي‬‫ب‬‫ب‬‫ت‬‫و‬‫ه‬‫ن‬‫ي‬‫ف‬‫دور‬‫اإلن‬‫ة‬‫ي‬‫ب‬‫ص‬‫ع‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫ل‬‫ي‬‫ت‬‫ص‬‫ع‬‫ل‬
‫ا‬‫از‬‫ه‬‫ج‬‫ل‬‫و‬‫كون‬‫ي‬‫ت‬
‫من‬31‫ل‬‫ا‬‫دة‬‫ع‬‫لل‬‫امي‬‫م‬‫األ‬‫ص‬‫ف‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫من‬‫رز‬‫ف‬‫ي‬‫ي‬‫ت‬‫ب‬‫م‬‫ا‬‫ض‬‫م‬‫ح‬‫ر‬‫ي‬‫ر‬‫س‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫ت‬‫ح‬‫ت‬‫و‬‫ة‬‫ي‬‫م‬‫ا‬‫خ‬‫ن‬
‫ة‬‫اه‬‫م‬‫ا‬‫من‬‫ج‬‫ن‬‫ب‬‫ئ‬‫و‬‫صري‬‫ت‬‫ل‬‫ا‬proopiomelanocortin
POMC))
‫الامس‬‫يتا‬‫ب‬–‫ندورفني‬‫ا‬Endorphin-Beta
‫ي‬‫لك‬‫ا‬ ‫يغة‬‫لص‬‫ا‬‫ية‬‫ئ‬‫يا‬C158H251N39O46S
‫ج‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫الوزن‬‫ي‬‫ت‬‫ت‬‫ز‬3464.98224 g/mol
« Tyr-Gly-Gly-Phe-Met-Thr-Ser-Glu-Lys-Ser-Gln-Thr-
Pro-Leu-Val-Thr-Leu-Phe-Lys-Asn-Ala-Ile-Ile-Lys-Asn-
Ala-Tyr-Lys-Lys-Gly-Glu
:(POMC)proopiomelanocortin‫ب‬‫ب‬‫ب‬‫ئ‬‫شلة‬‫ل‬‫ش‬‫و‬‫ه‬‫ة‬‫دي‬‫ي‬
‫من‬‫ة‬‫كوي‬‫م‬267‫الت‬‫ع‬‫ا‬‫ف‬‫ي‬‫ا‬‫ه‬‫ل‬‫خدث‬‫ت‬‫ي‬‫ت‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫ي‬‫ت‬‫ب‬‫م‬‫ا‬‫ض‬‫م‬‫ح‬‫طة‬‫س‬‫وا‬‫ت‬‫ة‬‫اه‬‫م‬‫ا‬
‫مى‬‫س‬‫ن‬‫ات‬‫م‬‫ت‬‫ز‬‫إي‬prohormone convertases
‫ن‬‫ي‬‫ف‬‫دور‬‫اإلن‬‫إن‬-‫ا‬‫ا‬‫ي‬‫ب‬‫ئ‬‫ل‬‫ــ‬‫م‬‫ا‬‫خ‬‫ن‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫دة‬‫ع‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫من‬‫رز‬‫ف‬‫م‬‫الدم‬‫ي‬‫ف‬ ‫جرر‬‫ن‬‫ت‬‫ة‬‫ي‬‫أ‬‫ف‬‫م‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫ا‬‫م‬‫رز‬
‫ت‬‫ف‬‫صري‬‫ت‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫ر‬‫ي‬‫ر‬‫س‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫ت‬‫ح‬‫ت‬‫من‬‫مــــــــ‬‫ي‬‫ح‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫إلى‬‫ر‬‫اغ‬‫م‬‫الد‬‫و‬‫وكي‬‫ش‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫ل‬‫اي‬
َ
‫إال‬‫ه‬
‫اغ‬‫م‬‫الد‬‫إلى‬‫ل‬‫ح‬‫د‬‫الن‬‫ب‬‫ب‬‫س‬‫ن‬‫رة‬‫ب‬‫ب‬‫ك‬ ‫ات‬‫ي‬‫م‬‫ك‬‫ن‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫خ‬‫ي‬‫اغ‬‫م‬‫الد‬‫الدموي‬‫ز‬‫اج‬
‫التسمية‬
‫الكالسيكي‬‫ة‬
‫تسمية‬IUPHAR* :
International
Union of
Pharmacology
‫البنية‬‫الشراهة‬
Mu (μ)MOP400‫حمض‬
‫اميني‬
β-endorphine > enképhaline
> dynorphine
Delta
(δ)
DOP372‫حمض‬
‫اميني‬
Enképhalines >> β-endorphine
et dynorphine
Kappa
(κ)
KOP380‫حمض‬
‫اميني‬
Dynorphine >> β-endorphine et
enképhaline
‫هوات‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫ي‬‫دت‬‫ي‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫هد‬‫ج‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ة‬‫اي‬‫خ‬‫ن‬‫س‬‫ا‬‫ن‬‫ي‬‫ف‬‫دور‬‫اإلن‬‫رز‬‫ف‬‫ي‬‫دوم‬‫ن‬‫الذي‬‫دة‬‫ش‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫دل‬‫ي‬‫ع‬‫م‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫ي‬
20‫دت‬‫ي‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫هد‬‫ج‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫الة‬‫ح‬‫ي‬‫ف‬ ‫رز‬‫ف‬‫ي‬‫د‬‫وق‬،‫ر‬‫أكب‬‫ق‬‫ة‬‫ق‬‫ت‬‫ف‬‫د‬‫ي‬‫هد‬‫ج‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫مر‬‫ت‬‫س‬‫ا‬‫إذا‬‫دة‬‫ش‬‫ل‬‫ق‬‫األ‬
‫لة‬‫طون‬‫رة‬‫ب‬‫ف‬‫ل‬‫إلى‬‫ل‬‫ص‬‫ت‬‫ل‬5‫احة‬‫ر‬‫ال‬‫ي‬‫ف‬ ‫زه‬‫ركب‬‫ي‬‫اف‬‫ع‬‫ض‬‫أ‬.‫ا‬‫ي‬‫ت‬‫أ‬‫ا‬‫م‬‫أ‬‫ء‬‫ي‬‫دت‬‫ي‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫هد‬‫ج‬‫ل‬‫ا‬
‫ش‬‫م‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫عدو‬‫ك‬ ،‫زة‬‫ب‬‫وج‬‫رة‬‫ب‬‫ف‬‫ل‬‫إال‬‫دوم‬‫ن‬‫ال‬‫الذي‬‫ف‬‫ت‬‫ب‬‫ع‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫ع‬‫ف‬‫ر‬‫أو‬‫رة‬‫صب‬‫ف‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫ات‬‫اق‬
‫ن‬‫ر‬‫ب‬‫غ‬‫ت‬‫ت‬‫الدم‬‫ي‬‫ف‬ ‫زه‬‫ركب‬‫ي‬‫أن‬‫د‬‫ف‬‫ت‬‫ع‬‫ي‬‫ال‬‫ق‬،‫ال‬‫ف‬‫ي‬‫األ‬‫الة‬‫خ‬‫ت‬‫ة‬‫اري‬‫ف‬‫م‬‫شوس‬‫ج‬‫م‬‫ل‬‫ك‬‫ش‬
‫احة‬‫ر‬‫ال‬.(P. FARRELL et al)
1-3‫الدم‬‫في‬ ‫فين‬‫ر‬‫واألندو‬‫تركيز‬‫على‬‫البدني‬‫الجهد‬‫تأثير‬:
‫دم‬‫خ‬‫ن‬‫س‬‫ن‬‫ن‬‫ي‬‫ف‬‫دور‬‫إن‬‫ا‬‫ي‬‫ب‬‫ئ‬‫ي‬‫ف‬ ‫م‬‫ل‬‫لأل‬‫كن‬‫ش‬‫م‬‫ة‬‫اي‬‫ي‬‫م‬‫ت‬‫ي‬‫ف‬ ‫ان‬‫ش‬‫ن‬‫اإل‬‫أ‬‫د‬‫ي‬‫ت‬‫ث‬‫ب‬‫ح‬‫م‬‫س‬‫ج‬‫ل‬‫ا‬
‫ل‬‫ا‬‫ة‬‫شدي‬‫ج‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫ات‬‫م‬‫صد‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫عد‬‫ي‬‫ورا‬‫ق‬‫سن‬‫ج‬‫ن‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫ن‬‫عور‬‫ش‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫اض‬‫ر‬‫األع‬‫أن‬‫من‬‫م‬‫غ‬‫الر‬‫لى‬‫ع‬‫ادة‬‫خ‬
‫ودة‬‫موج‬‫ال‬‫ز‬‫ي‬‫ال‬‫م‬‫ع‬‫ي‬
‫ن‬‫ي‬‫ف‬‫دور‬‫إن‬‫ا‬‫ي‬‫ب‬‫ب‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫أن‬‫ي‬‫ت‬‫ع‬‫ي‬‫ا‬‫د‬‫ه‬‫اي‬‫عد‬‫ي‬‫م‬‫ل‬‫األ‬‫ن‬‫ي‬‫ك‬‫ش‬‫ن‬‫لى‬‫ع‬‫ل‬
‫م‬‫س‬‫ج‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫ا‬‫ه‬‫ل‬‫ض‬‫عر‬‫ت‬‫ت‬‫ة‬‫اي‬‫ص‬‫إ‬
1-4‫ـم‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ل‬‫األ‬ ‫عند‬:
‫ن‬‫ي‬‫ف‬‫دور‬‫اإلن‬-β‫و‬‫ت‬‫اطه‬‫ي‬‫ت‬‫ار‬‫ص‬‫خ‬‫ت‬‫ا‬‫م‬‫ت‬‫ف‬‫دراسة‬‫ل‬‫خ‬‫م‬‫كذلك‬ ‫ان‬‫ك‬‫ر‬‫اي‬‫ك‬‫ت‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫ف‬‫ي‬‫ا‬‫ظ‬.‫ي‬‫ف‬‫ف‬
‫ا‬‫مرحلة‬‫الل‬‫ح‬‫ه‬‫اي‬‫لوحظ‬‫ان‬‫ر‬‫ب‬‫ف‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫لى‬‫ع‬‫ا‬‫اؤه‬‫ر‬‫إج‬‫م‬‫ت‬‫دراسة‬‫ات‬‫ون‬‫ي‬‫س‬‫م‬‫زداد‬‫ي‬‫ل‬‫م‬‫ج‬‫ل‬
‫ن‬‫ي‬‫ف‬‫دور‬‫اإلن‬-β‫وسط‬‫ي‬‫م‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫مخ‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫و‬‫صري‬‫ت‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫ر‬‫ي‬‫ر‬‫س‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫ت‬‫ح‬‫ت‬‫ي‬‫ف‬‫لوزة‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫ي‬‫ف‬ ‫كذلك‬ ‫و‬
‫ل‬‫م‬‫حوا‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫ر‬‫ب‬‫ع‬‫ات‬‫وان‬‫ي‬‫ح‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫ع‬‫م‬‫ة‬‫اري‬‫ف‬‫م‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫ن‬.‫م‬‫لى‬‫ع‬‫ر‬‫ؤي‬‫ن‬‫ا‬‫م‬‫م‬‫و‬‫م‬‫ل‬‫األ‬‫ن‬‫اس‬‫ش‬‫ح‬‫اإل‬‫وى‬‫ي‬‫س‬
‫ل‬‫م‬‫ج‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫رة‬‫ب‬‫ف‬‫اء‬‫ي‬‫ت‬‫أ‬‫ى‬‫ت‬‫ت‬‫األ‬‫لوك‬‫ش‬
‫ي‬‫ق‬‫ت‬‫س‬‫م‬‫لى‬‫ع‬‫ة‬‫ي‬‫ت‬‫ا‬‫ذ‬‫ال‬‫ة‬‫ي‬‫ت‬‫و‬‫ي‬‫ف‬‫اال‬‫مواد‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫ر‬‫ب‬‫أث‬‫ن‬‫إن‬‫ص‬‫ع‬‫ل‬
‫ا‬‫از‬‫ه‬‫ج‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫ي‬‫ف‬ ‫موزعة‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫ا‬‫ه‬‫الت‬‫ي‬‫ت‬
‫ئ‬‫اب‬‫ه‬‫ت‬‫ل‬‫ال‬‫ل‬‫ادة‬‫ص‬‫م‬‫ات‬‫ر‬‫ب‬‫أث‬‫ن‬‫إلى‬‫ؤدي‬‫ن‬‫د‬‫ق‬‫كزي‬‫ر‬‫م‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫از‬‫ر‬‫إف‬‫لى‬‫ع‬‫ر‬‫ب‬‫أث‬‫ي‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫ة‬‫ج‬‫ن‬‫ب‬
‫ع‬‫ة‬‫ي‬‫ت‬‫خد‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫ات‬‫ش‬‫الدرا‬‫ت‬‫ب‬‫ب‬‫ئ‬‫أ‬‫د‬‫ق‬‫و‬‫ات‬‫ي‬‫ب‬‫ك‬‫و‬‫ي‬‫ب‬‫س‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫ت‬‫ل‬‫اال‬‫ا‬‫الن‬‫خ‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫ض‬‫ع‬‫ي‬‫درة‬‫ق‬‫لى‬‫ة‬‫ي‬‫ت‬‫ا‬‫ه‬
‫ل‬‫ا‬‫الل‬‫ح‬‫ة‬‫ي‬‫ت‬‫ا‬‫ذ‬‫ال‬‫ة‬‫ي‬‫ت‬‫و‬‫ي‬‫ف‬‫اال‬‫ات‬‫د‬‫ي‬‫ب‬‫ب‬‫ب‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫از‬‫ر‬‫إف‬‫لى‬‫ع‬‫ة‬‫ي‬‫ت‬‫ا‬‫ه‬‫ت‬‫ل‬‫اال‬‫الت‬‫ع‬‫ا‬‫ف‬‫ت‬.
‫ة‬‫ي‬‫ت‬‫ا‬‫ظ‬‫سر‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫ا‬‫الن‬‫خ‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫مو‬‫ت‬‫ي‬‫ف‬ ‫اظؤ‬‫ي‬‫ب‬‫ل‬‫ا‬
-‫ام‬‫ظ‬‫ي‬(‫ن‬‫ي‬‫ف‬‫دور‬‫اإلن‬-β/‫ل‬‫ي‬‫ق‬‫ت‬‫س‬‫م‬‫ل‬
‫ا‬mu)‫ا‬‫ر‬‫كب‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫ا‬‫الن‬‫خ‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫رة‬‫ج‬‫ه‬ ‫عدل‬‫ي‬‫و‬‫ة‬‫ي‬‫ب‬‫ب‬‫ت‬
‫لد‬‫خ‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫ي‬‫ف‬ ‫ة‬‫ي‬‫غ‬‫ت‬‫ص‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫ا‬‫الن‬‫خ‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫ر‬‫اي‬‫ك‬‫ي‬.
-‫ة‬‫ي‬‫ت‬‫ا‬‫ظ‬‫سر‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫ا‬‫الن‬‫خ‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫مو‬‫ت‬‫من‬‫ل‬‫ي‬‫ل‬‫ف‬‫ت‬‫ل‬‫ا‬.
-‫ي‬‫ات‬‫ذ‬‫ع‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫لوك‬‫ش‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫لى‬‫ع‬‫ر‬‫ب‬‫أث‬‫ي‬‫ل‬‫ا‬.
‫لى‬‫ع‬‫ل‬‫م‬‫ا‬‫خ‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫أة‬‫ر‬‫م‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫درة‬‫ق‬‫من‬‫د‬‫زن‬‫ي‬‫د‬‫ق‬‫ا‬‫ي‬‫ب‬‫ئ‬‫ن‬‫ي‬‫ف‬‫دور‬‫إن‬‫ادة‬‫خ‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫اآلالم‬‫ل‬‫م‬‫ج‬‫ت‬
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