Angiospermss

For more notes on Biology and to learn Biology, visit http://heavengb.com

http://www.heavengb.com. The Biology Website.
Visit and learn for free

What are angiosperms?
 Angiosperms are the flowering, vascular and seed
bearing plants
 They produce seeds contained in fruits
 The fruit is developed from the parts of reproductive
structure, the flower
 This group of plants is the dominant form of plant life
on the planet
 They are the major source of food for humans and
other mammals
 About 260,000 species are known

Habit and Habitat
 The plants of this group are mostly shrubs, herbs, and
most familiar trees
 They may be very large tress. e.g. Eucalyptus
 Or may be tiny plants. e.g. Duckweed (1mm in diameter)
 They are found everywhere except the polar regions,
highest mountain tops, and the deep oceans
 They may occur as terrestrial plants, epiphytes,
floating and rooted aquatics, parasites and
saprophytes


Euclayptus Duckweed


Morphology
 Flower is the most significant part of the angiosperms
 It is the reproductive part of the plant which produces
seeds


Parts of the flower
Male Parts
1. Stamen
Made up of filaments and anther
Produces pollens
Number of stamens is usually same as the number of petals

 Anther
Part of the stamen that produces and stores pollen
It is usually found at the tip of a stalk

 Filament
This is the stalk that the anther sits on top of

Parts of the flower
Female Parts
1. Stigma
Receives pollen from the male part
2. Style
Long stalk like structure between ovary and stigma
3. Ovary
Is usually found at the bottom of the flower
Produces seeds inside and turns into fruit upon ripening
4. Ovule
The part of the ovary that becomes seed

Carpel


Other parts of flower
 Petals
They are modified and colorful leaves of a flower
They attract pollinators towards the flower
 Sepals
They are also modified leaves but are green in color
They cover the petals and protect them


Evolution of Angiosperms
 The closest relatives of the angiosperms remain a
mystery but the unique angiosperm flower probably
evolved from an extinct angiosperm group that insect
pollinated cones, combining male and female
reproductive parts


Evolutionary Adaptations
1. The development of the flower

 The male and female structures are now in the same
location on the plant, with a few exceptions, before
in angiosperms,


Evolutionary adaptations
2. Pollination aided by
biotic factors.

 Most plants have used
abiotic factors such as
water or wind.


Evolutionary adaptations
3. The development of a
seed that contains energy
as well as the
development of a fruit for
protection and dispersal

 Most of the fruits we eat
allow the seed to be
dispersed away from the
parent plant

Two kinds of flowering plants
 Monocots –
 Mono – meaning one Cotyledon - seed leaf


Monocots Continued.
 Primary food source for
much of the planet
 Whether we eat them or we
feed them to other animals
so we can eat the animals


Monocots – even more
 Maiz

 Wheat


Dicots
 Di – meaning two Cotyledon – seed leaf


Dicots
 Most of our fruits
and vegetables are
dicots.
 Lots of energy here
as well, but they
usually don’t store.


Other dicots…
 Some that contain wood
 Some that don’t
 Lots that are in between.


1- Apple (Malus domestica)
 Apple juice is used as anti-inflammatory for the digestive
tract
 It decreases the acidity of the stomach
 Apple acts as both antidiarrheal and soft laxative
 Its juice helps to dissolve access fats, thus decreasing
obesity
 It is also used to treat cough and bronchitis
 Decreases the risk of cancer, esp. of digestive tract
 Reduces fever
 Enhances the hearing ability
 Apple juice is a good skin conditioner

2. Grapes (Vitis vinifera)
 Grapes are source of many essential metals (cobalt,
iron) and vitamins (B1, B2,В6, В12)
 Its juice has been used to treat metabolism disorders
 Grapes are also beneficial in treating the disorders of
liver, kidney, lungs as well as cardiovascular problems
 This fruit is anti-inflammatory and laxative
 Grapes help with nervous disorders, hypertension,
high blood pressure and bronchitis
 It helps to get rid of anemia
 It has also been proved beneficial in treating
tuberculosis http://www.heavengb.com. The Biology Website.

3. Apricot (Prunus armeniaca)
 Contains vitamin B-17 and many other useful nutrients
 Decreases the risk of cancer
 Boosts the immune system
 It acts as a laxative and also adds in digestion
 It has been proved useful for treating anemia
 It is useful in treating respiratory disorders
 It treats the cough
 Apricot is used to make medicines for the skin diseases


4. Pomegranate (Punica granatum)
 Pomegranate juice is cardio-protective, as it regulates the
level of LDL and cholesterol
 Thus it is a good tonic for the heart
 It enhances the function of liver and kidneys
 It is a good laxative and also treats stomach inflammation
 It has been proved as anticancer and inhibitor against TB
 Its juice inhibits the replication of many viral genomes
including herpes simplex virus
 Juice of pomegranate decreases fever due to its antiseptic
properties
 It is also beneficial in diarrhea Biology Website.
http://www.heavengb.com. The

5. Cherry (Prunus avium)
 It is a remedy for insomnia, arthritis, nausea, depression,
headache and abdominal cramps
 It destroys the pathogens which cause diseases
 It is also high in antioxidants that help to fight cancer and
heart disease
 Cherry is low in cholesterol, fat and sodium. It is also a very
good source of fiber and Vitamin C
 It reduces body and muscle pain,
and also reduces the risk of colon
cancer
 Cherry improves memory

6. Pear (Pyrus communis)
 Enhances the function of kidney
 Pear is beneficial in obesity, hypertension, dropsy
(edemas), nephritis, kidney stones and in
inflammation of urine bladder
 The juice of pear is applied externally on the body to
reduce pain
 It is the source of vitamins, and helps in loss of excess
weight


7. Peach (Prunus persica)
 It has antioxidant properties, thus it prevents the
cancer
 Its ingredients (carotenes) keep our arteries healthy
 Ingredients of peach enhances our sight
 It strengthens our skin against sun light and also
prevents dryness of skin
 Treats digestive ulcers
 It possesses an ingredient selenium, which provides
stability to the heart
 Strengthens bones and also enhances the nervous
system http://www.heavengb.com. The Biology Website.

Importance of Angiosperms
 They are the source of 80% of world’s food
 They provide O2
 They are the source of many medicines
 Angiosperms provide lumber for construction and the
manufacturing of furniture
 They provide fuel
 Clean our atmosphere
 Large trees are affective wind breakers
 Decrease soil erosion
 Provide habitat for many organisms

For more notes on Biology and to
learn Biology, visit
http://heavengb.com


Angiospermss

Recommandé

Recommandé

Contenu connexe

Tendances

Tendances (20)

En vedette

En vedette (6)

Similaire à Angiospermss

Similaire à Angiospermss (20)

Dernier

Dernier (20)

Angiospermss