International agricultural research and agricultural associated diseases
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Presentation by Delia Grace and John McDermott at a workshop at the Global Risk Forum One Health Summit 2012 "One Health–One Planet–One Future: Risks and Opportunities", Davos, Switzerland, 19-22 February 2012.
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International agricultural research and agricultural associated diseases
- 1. International Agricultural Research & Agricultural Associated Diseases Delia Grace (ILRI) & John McDermott (IFPRI) GRF (Global Risk Forum) One Health Summit 2012—One Health–One Planet–One Future: Risks and Opportunities, Davos, Switzerland, 19-22 February 2012 1
- 2. Population Growth in Developing and Industrialized Countries: 1750 - 2050
- 3. Figure 1. CRP4 Conceptual Framework Health Enhancing Nutrition along Prevention , Control of Ag- the Value Integrated Associated Diseases Chain Programs and Component 3 Component 1 Policies Biofortification Component 2 Nutrition Component 4 Agriculture Social Behavior Change and Communications All components Availability, access, Knowledge Labor Income and intake Risk of AAD of nutrition, productivity gender of nutritious, food safety equity safe foods RESULT: A better nourished, healthier population, especially mothers and children < 2
- 4. The Livestock Revolution: A strong increase in demand for meat and milk as income grows 5 consumption of meat 4 China Log per capita Trend 3 2 1 India 04 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Log per capita GNP 4 Livestock to 2020: The Next Food Revolution, a joint IFPRI, FAO, ILRI study.
- 5. The Livestock Revolution: Growth in meat mainly in industrial systems 20% 15% industrial systems 10% 5% mixed systems 0% grazing systems -5% Asia SSA WANA CSA Growth Rates (%/Y) of Meat Production in Different Production Systems in Developing Countries Livestock to 2020: The Next Food Revolution, a joint IFPRI, FAO, ILRI study.
- 6. Prioritisation RICH COUNTRIES 40% disease is infectious 4% disease is infectious one twentieth total ex animals one two hundredth total ex animals one fortieth total burden is zoonotic one thousandth total burden zoonotic ..one twentieth with under-reporting 6
- 7. Assessment 7
- 8. Control
- 9. Integrative approaches EcoHealth ONE HEALTH Incentives Values Human Animal Human health V P H. Preferences health Health .livestock Culture One Medicine .CA Ignorance .wildlife Governance Rule-breaking Agroecosystem health Societies, cultures, Economies, institutions, Policies 9
- 10. Risks of One Health Creating new structures easier than de-commissioning old: leading to overlapping mandates and inefficiency Projectisation – projects have been a successful structure for promoting OH but may lack sustainability Getting ahead of the evidence-base: little information on CB/CE of OH versus conventional (and perhaps evidence comes from atypical cases) Ignoring the costs and barriers – OH requires considerable change & investment in change 10
- 11. Added value of One Health Increasing participation and relevance by greater inclusiveness Improving delivery through sharing information and resources Promoting innovation, by bringing together people from different organisations and backgrounds Improving cost effectiveness, through identification of cross over and realising economies of scale Increasing client satisfaction through greater responsiveness to clients 11
Notes de l'éditeur
- T alk about contribution of iAR – AAD C hief among which are food borne disease & zoonoses
- Establishment CGIAR
- CRP 4 Agriculture for improved human nutrition and health Livestock potent for good & evil
- Times of great change
- I am a researcher – the experiment D egraded wildlife The way animal protein will be produced will change profoundly. Industrial type of production will grow much faster than land-based production. Grazing systems face important resource constraints. Mixed farming, too, cannot expand at the pace of demand for animal products. This trend is uniform throughout the major regions of the developing world, but particularly pronounced where the demand for animal products is growing fastest.
- Role of agricultural research Importance of AAD and importance beyond the human health sector – including wildlife
- How poor a guide is common sense
- P icture, from Peter Roeder, is a girl bringing her pet chicken to be culled Research came late to the party and like the wicked fairy brought only bad news – biosecurity and vaccination in backyard sector unlikely to work, many negative impacts were driven by control and poorly managed consumer panic Successful control
- Compelling logic that when diseases main reservoir is livestock or wildlife, can be best tackled at source. However from hypothesis to practice is a considerable gap