ILRI overview
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Presented at the CGIAR Fund Council Visit to ILRI, Nairobi, 8 November 2013
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ILRI overview
- 1. ILRI overview CGIAR Fund Council Visit to ILRI Nairobi, 8 November 2013
- 2. SOME FACTS ABOUT THE LIVESTOCK SECTOR
- 3. Gains in meat consumption in developing countries outpace that of developed countries 300 Million metric tonnes 250 200 150 developing developed 100 50 0 1980 1990 2002 2015 2030 FAO 2006
- 4. Economic opportunities in the livestock sector The 4 billion people who live on less than US$10 a day (primarily in developing countries) represent a food market of about $2.9 trillion per year. (Hammond et al. 2007) • 17 billion domestic animals • Asset value $1.4 trillion • Employs 1.3 billion people Rosegrant et al. 2009
- 5. 4 out of 5 of the highest value global commodities are livestock Source: FAOSTAT, 2013
- 6. Percentage growth in demand for livestock products: 2000−2030 6 Based on anticipated change in absolute tonnes of product comparing 2000 and 2030 FAO, 2012
- 7. Opportunities and challenges in the livestock sector Provides food and nutritional security BUT overconsumption can cause obesity Powers economic development BUT equitable development can be a challenge Improves human health BUT animal-human/emerging diseases and unsafe foods need to be addressed Enhances the environment BUT pollution, land/water degradation, GHG emissions and biodiversity losses must be greatly reduced
- 8. HOW SHOULD ILRI, OUR PARTNERS and PARTNERSHIPS RESPOND
- 9. ILRI strategy and the CGIAR Consortium Global livestock issues ILRI strategy CGIAR consortium
- 10. ILRI strategy 2013 – 2022: key elements Mission (Purpose) WHY ILRI exists Strategic objectives (informed by strategic issues – external and internal environment)) WHAT ILRI does Critical success factors performance areas overlapping do NOT map to structure HOW the strategy is operationalized
- 11. Mission and vision ILRI envisions a world where all people have access to enough food and livelihood options to fulfill their potential. ILRI’s mission is to improve food and nutritional security and to reduce poverty in developing countries through research for efficient, safe and sustainable use of livestock—ensuring better lives through livestock.
- 12. Strategic objective 1 ILRI and its partners will develop, test, adapt and promote science-based practices that—being sustainable and scalable— achieve better lives through livestock.
- 13. Strategic objective 2 ILRI and its partners will provide compelling scientific evidence in ways that persuade decisionmakers—from farms to boardrooms and parliaments— that smarter policies and bigger livestock investments can deliver significant socio-economic, health and environmental dividends to both poor nations and households.
- 14. Strategic objective 3 ILRI and its partners will work to increase capacity amongst ILRI’s key stakeholders and the institute itself so that they can make better use of livestock science and investments for better lives through livestock.
- 15. The critical success factors
- 16. THE CGIAR LIVESTOCK PORTFOLIO IN OPERATIONAL TERMS
- 17. Dryland Cereals Grain Legumes Livestock and Fish Maize Rice Roots, Tubers and Bananas Wheat Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security Forests, Trees and Agroforestry Water, Land and Ecosystems Humidtropics Aquatic Agricultural Systems Dryland Systems Policies, Institutions, and Markets Agriculture for Nutrition and Health Genebanks
- 18. Dryland Cereals Grain Legumes Dryland systems Livestock and Fish Led by ICARDA Maize ILRI research on: - Mitigating vulnerability (PES,Rice IBLI....) Roots, Tubers and Bananas -Sustainable intensification Wheat including trade-off and systems analyses Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security -Innovation systems, gender Forests, Trees and Agroforestry Water, Land and Ecosystems Humidtropics Aquatic Agricultural Systems Dryland Systems Policies, Institutions, and Markets Agriculture for Nutrition and Health Genebanks
- 19. Dryland Cereals Grain Legumes Livestock and Fish Maize HumidTropics Rice Led by IITA Roots, Tubers and Bananas research on: ILRI -Sustainable intensification Wheat including trade-off and Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Securitysystems analyses Forests, Trees and Agroforestry -Livestock-environment Water, Land and Ecosystems Humidtropics Aquatic Agricultural Systems Dryland Systems Policies, Institutions, and Markets Agriculture for Nutrition and Health Genebanks
- 20. Dryland Cereals Grain Legumes Livestock and Fish Maize Rice Roots, Tubers and Bananas Policy, institutions and Wheat markets Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security Led by IFPRI Includes ILRI research on value and Agroforestry Forests, Trees chains, systems and gender Water, Land and Ecosystems analyses Humidtropics Aquatic Agricultural Systems Dryland Systems Policies, Institutions, and Markets Agriculture for Nutrition and Health Genebanks
- 21. Dryland Cereals Grain Legumes Livestock and Fish Maize Rice Agriculture for enhanced nutrition and Roots, Tubers and Bananas health Led by IFPRI Wheat ILRI leads component on Climate control of prevention andChange, Agriculture and Food Security agriculture associated diseases Forests, Trees and Agroforestry - food borne diseases Land and Ecosystems Water, -Zoonoses -Emerging infectious diseases Humidtropics Aquatic Agricultural Systems Dryland Systems Policies, Institutions, and Markets Agriculture for Nutrition and Health Genebanks
- 22. Dryland Cereals Grain Legumes Livestock and Fish Maize Rice Roots, Tubers and Bananas Wheat Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security Forests, Trees and Agroforestry Water, Land and Ecosystems HumidtropicsWater, land and ecosystems Led Aquatic Agricultural Systems by IWMI ILRI research on: Dryland Systems livestock systems in the Nile -crop Policies, Institutions, andand Volta basins; innovation Markets platforms.....; Agriculture for Nutrition and Health Genebanks
- 23. Dryland Cereals Climate change Led byGrain Legumes CIAT ILRI research on: and Fish Livestock - Systems analyses, macro level and Maize household models Rice -Climate change mitigation and adaptation in livestock systems Bananas Roots, Tubers and Wheat Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security Forests, Trees and Agroforestry Water, Land and Ecosystems Humidtropics Aquatic Agricultural Systems Dryland Systems Policies, Institutions, and Markets Agriculture for Nutrition and Health Genebanks
- 24. Dryland Cereals Grain Legumes Livestock and Fish Maize Rice Roots, Tubers and Bananas Wheat Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security Managing and Forests, Trees and Agroforestry sustaining crop collections Water, Land and Ecosystems Crop Diversity Trust Led by Global ILRI forage genebank 19, 000 accessions Humidtropics Aquatic Agricultural Systems Dryland Systems Policies, Institutions, and Markets Agriculture for Nutrition and Health Genebanks
- 25. Dryland Cereals Grain Legumes Livestock and Fish Maize Rice Roots, Tubers and Bananas Wheat Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security More milk, meat, and fish by Forests, Trees and Agroforestry and for the poor Water, Land and Ecosystems Led by ILRI with CIAT, ICARDA and Humidtropics WorldFish Aquatic Agricultural Systems Dryland Systems Policies, Institutions, and Markets Agriculture for Nutrition and Health Genebanks
- 26. Livestock & Fish CRP Innovating to produce more meat, milk and fish: • For the poor: will there be sufficient affordable animal-source foods on the table of the poor to 2050 for healthy diets? • By the poor: can we demonstrate that smallholders and the poor—and especially women-- can contribute to and benefit from producing and delivering a share of that food?
- 27. Urgency and focus for relevant research! Aiming our research to transform selected pro-poor value chains Focusing research to design and generate evidence for large-scale development interventions Prioritizing an appropriate balance of short and long-term research on the productivity drivers and social science For local solutions but with regional and global benefits Consumers Major intervention led by development partners Research partners working together at value chain level CRP Research Platforms • Productivity: Animal health, genetics, feeds • Market Innovation • Targeting & Impact INTERVENTIONS TO SCALE OUT REGIONALLY GLOBAL RESEARCH PUBLIC GOODS
- 28. Recognizing and harnessing the role of research and development In 9 meat, milk and fish value chains, and through other CRPs and their sites Relative degree of involvement Stylized impact pathway for translating research into largescale impact in a value chain Research partners Experiments Evaluation Evidence Assessment Mobilization Best bets Lessons Context Design Piloting Knowledge partner Attracting investment Implementing large-scale interventions Advocacy Dissemination Year 1 Year 8-12 Program horizon in a target value chain Development partners
- 29. Focus, focus, focus! Working in 9 target value chains accountability SHEEP & GOATS AQUACULTURE PIGS DAIRY
- 30. SOME CHARACTERISTICS OF ILRI
- 31. ILRI’s research teams Integrated sciences Biosciences Animal science for sustainable productivity BecA-ILRI hub Food safety and zoonoses Vaccine platform Livestock systems and the environment Animal bioscience Livelihoods, gender and impact Feed and forage bioscience Policy, trade, value chains Bioscience facilities With capacity development, business development, knowledge management, PA, RM, IP…. 31
- 32. Biosciences eastern and central Africa – ILRI Hub a strategic partnership between ILRI and NEPAD. a biosciences platform that makes the best lab facilities available to the African scientific community. building African scientific capacity. identifying agricultural solutions based on modern biotechnology. hosted at ILRI’s headquarters, Nairobi, Kenya.
- 33. ILRI Resources 2013 • Staff: 600. • Budget: $74 million. • 130 senior scientists from 40 countries. • 56% of internationally recruited staff are from 22 developing countries. • 34% of internationally recruited staff are women. • Large campuses in Kenya and Ethiopia.
- 34. ILRI Graduate Fellowship • Graduate Fellows - MSc/PhD 6-36 months ILRI Currently hosting 81 • Research Fellows - Non-degree related training in research methodologies up to 18 months) ILRI Currently hosting 18 • Interns - Short-term, on-the-job training for young professionals 3-6 months. ILRI Currently hosting 35
- 35. ILRI budget 2014 $66.225 million } W3/Bi W1/2 BecA-ILRI Non CRP ILRI budget 2014 by CRP drylands humidtropics PIM L&F A4NH WLE CCAFS genebank
- 36. ILRI Offices India Mali China Laos Vietnam Nairobi: Headquarters Addis Ababa: principal campus In 2012, offices opened in: Kampala, Uganda Harare, Zimbabwe Office in Bamako, Mali relocated to Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso Dakar, Senegal Nigeria Sri Lanka Mozambique Kenya Thailand Ethiopia
- 37. Addis Campus – A CGIAR Campus • • • • • • • • • • ILRI IWMI IFPRI CIMMYT ICARDA ICRAF CIP Bioversity ICRISAT CIAT • • • • icipe IFAD IFDC BMGF
- 38. ILRI Nairobi campus IITA CIP CIMMYT IRRI (CIFOR) At the foot of Kenya’s Ngong Hills
- 39. Google’s view of the ILRI campus laboratory and farm facilities Labs Farm and paddocks GHG research
- 40. In summary • Long term strategy • ILRI’s Strategic objectives aligned with 4 SLOs of the CGIAR and pursued through the CRPs • Diversity: trajectories; species; ILRI strengths; partners • Livestock ‘goods’ and ‘bads’ • Mainstreaming gender; human health • Clientele: Beyond livestock producers; partners; capacity development
- 41. better lives through livestock ilri.org Strategy materials: www.ilri.org/mission The presentation has a Creative Commons licence. You are free to re-use or distribute this work, provided credit is given to ILRI.
- 42. Food security challenge Need to deliver at scale ILRI – fit for purpose Need for greater capacity Strategic issues that inform Role of women Strategic objectives Diversity of challenges and opportunities for the poor Disproportio nately low livestock funding Significant new science Address human health and environment al issues
- 43. Growth scenarios for livestock systems • ‘Strong growth’ – Where good market access and increasing productivity provide opportunities for continued smallholder participation. • ‘Fragile growth’ – Where remoteness, marginal land resources or agroclimatic vulnerability restrict intensification. • ‘High growth with externalities’ – Fast changing livestock systems potentially damaging the environment and human health • Different research and development challenges for poverty, food security, health and nutrition, environment
Notes de l'éditeur
- These figures are from FAO’s Livestock’s long shadow.
- Mention who are decision makersWhat practicesMetrics: Over a 5–10-year time period, livestock-related real income for 2.8 million people is increased by 30%, the supply of safe animal-source foods in ILRI’s target sites/countries1 is increased 30%, and greenhouse gas emissions per unit of livestock product produced are reduced. Simultaneously, in partnership with others, these results are scaled to tens of millions more people.Metrics: Within a 10–15-year time frame, the share of agricultural budgets invested in livestock in ILRI’s target countries are brought at least 20% closer to livestock’s contribution to agricultural GDP. Increased investor contributions to the livestock sector should drive greater representation of livestock commodities in development efforts. Metrics to assess the underpinning changes in attitudes and behaviour will be defined based on learning from taking pilot studies to scale in target countries.Metrics: ILRI has not previously articulated capacity at this level or covering such a diversity of engagement, spanning both institutions and individuals from farmers to local and global decision-makers. ILRI will therefore conduct a baseline assessment before specifying the exact metrics for this third strategic objective; the metrics will specify the number of individuals and key institutions to have developed greater capacity to make greater use of livestock research results—be it for better productivity on farms, improved environmental management or more strategic use of development resourcesILRI’s use of the terms ‘practice’ and ‘decision-makers’ in this strategy encompasses a wide range of scales andgroups. The following are examples of these wide ranges in livestock systems with high potential for growth andin those where increasing resilience rather than productivity is paramount.Where there exists high potential for economic growth in mixed crop-and-livestock systems of developingcountries, ‘inclusive growth’ for poverty reduction and food security can often be achieved through thedevelopment of pro-poor livestock value chains. Here, improving practice refers to the uptake of technologiesand institutional innovations that (1) increase on-farm livestock productivity in smallholder productionsystems as well as (2) efficiencies in their associated market channels, (3) improve the equitable distribution ofbenefits generated through more livestock employment and income, and (4) minimize livestock threats to theenvironment and public health. The men and women decision-makers who adopt these practices include notonly the livestock keepers and market agents who handle livestock and their products, but also the individuals,businesses and government agencies that support the value chain through the products and services they supplysuch as feed, veterinary care and public health regulation.In dryland pastoral and agro-pastoral systems, where harsh and highly variable climates pose considerable riskof loss of livestock assets, both household income and food security can be protected against climate shocks byimproved practices. In the case of drought, these might include making index-based livestock insurance availableto livestock herders, conducting early de-stocking in conjunction with private traders, and making better useof functioning livestock markets. In the case of flooding, which can trigger outbreaks of economically importantlivestock and zoonotic diseases such as Rift Valley fever, better practice might entail more reliable predictiveclimate models used in conjunction with early livestock vaccination campaigns to prevent regional marketclosures able to devastate the livelihoods of livestock producers, traders and others. Changes in practice herewould depend on choices made by decision-makers including local men and women livestock pastoralists andagro-pastoralists, market agents and slaughterhouse personnel as well as those at regional and global levels whoseactions, policies and investment decisions impact small-scale dryland livestock systems and enterprises.Changes in practice thus spans a range of choices made by decision-makers at all levels, from livestock producers(men and women in both small scale and extensive production systems), to market agents and others intimatelyengaged with raising, selling and consuming animals and their products, through to those at local, regional andglobal levels whose development actions, policy and investment decisions impact the livestock sector.
- To achieve its three strategic objectives, ILRI must excel in five performance areas, referred to here as criticalsuccess factors, which were identified in an analysis of both the external environment (Appendix 2) and ILRI’s currentstrengths and weaknesses (Appendix 7) in relation to the mission and strategic objectives. The institute has excelledin many of these areas up to now, and has a solid foundation on which to build. The specific articulation of theseperformance areas as interacting and mutually supporting critical success factors recognises the need for ILRI as oneof many players to respond to the challenges to be addressed if the institute is to achieve its aspirational strategicobjectives. They also provide the institute with a structured way of planning and subsequently monitoring thesekey areas. The critical success factors provide a bridge between the institute’s three strategic objectives and theoperational frameworks for each these (Figure 2). Below, each of the five critical success factors is defined with a briefdescription of why it is essential, what it involves and how it will be operationalized. The set of critical success factorsprovides the means for ILRI to focus every dimension of its operations on achieving the institute’s strategic objectives,as well as to oversee and monitor the whole institute. Partnership is key to all of these; Box 4 on page 28 sets outsome principles for the way ILRI works with partners
- SADF = secure animal disease facility, operates at enhanced BSL2. Can accommodate cattle, pigs and small ruminants.Modern lab facility is ~6,000 sq meters that supports modern biotechnology research. Have BSL3 lab and green house facility.
- Internal, external on line and face to face consultations (several formats and contexts…..)
- Assessment of external factors(Appendix 2)In June 2012, a short consultation was undertaken with several global leaders and thinkers to identify the majorexternal (to ILRI) factors or forces that will affect policy and practice in agriculture and food production over the next10-15 years. Requests to provide a few bullet points were sent to over 40 experts and responses were received from26 individuals (from donors, scientific and development experts, research practitioners, development investors andcommerce).The seven key factors identified are listed below. For six of the seven, a short brief was prepared that describesaspects of how this factor could develop in the next 10-15 years, the extreme scenarios that could emerge and theirlikely impact, the drivers that will influence how this factor develops, and the potential impact of this factor on theevolution of smallholder livestock farming (both crop-livestock and pastoral systems).The seven factors• What quantity and quality of food will be available?• How much food will the world need?• How will the world perceive agriculture, particularly livestock in relation to global sustainable development challenges?• What is the future of smallholder agriculture and what does the transition look like?• What is the potential role of smallholder livestock agriculture in sustainable intensification?• How will the world address scarce and competing uses of natural resources?• How will the world perceive livestock agriculture in relation to the impacts on and of climate change?
- Strong growth systems: There is urgent need to develop sustainable food systems that deliver key animal-sourcenutrients to the poor while facilitating a structural transition in the livestock sector of developing countries—atransition from most smallholders keeping livestock in low-productive systems to eventually fewer households raisingmore productive animals in more efficient, intensive and market-linked systems. These mostly mixed smallholdersystems now provide significant animal and crop products in the developing world and are likely to grow the most inaggregate. In many parts of Africa and Asia, the transition is happening slowly, with smallholder marketing systems stilllargely informal although there are pockets of more rapid change in higher potential systems with good market access.ILRI and its partners will work to make this transition as broad-based as possible, helping those who can to continueon their path to sustainable, highly productive and resource-efficient smallholder systems, or to accumulate sufficientcapital to exit from agriculture without falling back into poverty. This research aims to develop and up-scale practices,strategies and policies that support inclusive growth and maximize the well-being of people and the environment nowand in the future.Fragile growth systems: It will not be possible to create the same level of opportunities for rapid, marketfocused growth for all poor livestock keepers, especially in areas where growth in productivity is severely limitedby remoteness, harsh climates or environments or by poor institutions, infrastructure and market access. In theselivestock systems, what’s urgently needed are nuanced approaches that, where appropriate, help achieve incrementalgrowth in livestock production and market engagement that matches well with the natural resource base. In othersituations, rather than productivity, the emphasis will need to be on enhancing the important role livestock play inincreasing the resilience of people, communities and environments to variability in weather, markets or resourcedemands. Livestock research will help people make better use of their livestock-based livelihoods to feed their familiesand communities, protect their assets and conserve their natural resources.High growth with externalities: In parts of some developing countries particularly in Asia, where dynamic marketsand increasingly skilled human resources are already driving strong growth in livestock production, fast-changingsmall-scale livestock systems may be damaging the environment, exposing their communities to increased public healthrisks, and furthermore excluding participation of those livestock keepers and sellers living in deepest poverty. In thesecircumstances, what’s urgently needed is an understanding and anticipation of all possible negative impacts of smallscalelivestock intensification. Research can help promote or generate the incentives, technologies, strategies andproduct and organizational innovations that will mitigate health and environment risks while supporting the poorestpeople to comply with increasingly stringent livestock market standards.