Vegetable IPM workshop for Home Grounds REAs

VEGETABLE INSECT PESTS Scouting Techniques & Management Dr. Ayanava Majumdar Extension Entomologist, ACES Gulf Coast Research & Extension Center 8300 State Hwy 104, Fairhope, Alabama 36532 Cell phone: 251-331-8416 [email_address]

Workshop Objectives ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

First know the definitions… INJURY DAMAGE Damage = injury + economic loss

Plant injury by INSECTS ,[object Object]

[object Object],Image: UFL IFAS Ext. Image: UFL IFAS Ext. Plant injury by INSECTS

[object Object],Image: TopTurf.net Image: Iowa State Plant injury by INSECTS

[object Object],Plant injury by INSECTS Transmit cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), potato virus Y (PVY) Transmit tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) Images: U Wisconsin & Queensland Govt., Australia

Is it really an INSECT injury? Image: Missouri Bot. Garden ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],VS.

Scouting for aphids ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Scouting for thrips ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Tobacco thrips WF thrips

Scouting for flea beetles ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Scouting for CPB ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Scouting for tomato fruitworm ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Emerging problem: Stink bugs Has many host plants Early attack can destroy blooms and late attack destroy fruits

Scouting for stink bugs ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Leaf-footed bugs ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Scouting for tomato hornworm Leave these caterpillars alone! ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Crucifer family of crops (list) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Cabbage looper vs. Imported cabbageworm Cabbage looper (CL) Imported cabbageworm (ICW)

Diamondback moth ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Scouting for caterpillar pests Cabbage looper Imported cabbageworm ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Diamondback moth ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Beet armyworm Damage to pepper plant ,[object Object],[object Object]

[object Object],[object Object],Cutworms

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Scouting for armyworm & cutworm Armyworms

CHOOSING THE RIGHT INSECTICIDE (let’s go shopping!)

$9.76/pt AI = horticultural oil

$7.99 for 24-oz RTU AI = pyrethrin + canola oil or sulfur + pyrethrin

General purpose insecticide AI = malathion $21/qt + MANY OTHER INSECTS

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],AI = bifenthrin

Highly toxic to fish AI = rotenone Up to $9

Common soil bacterium Best against small caterpillars Apply when caterpillars are small AI = Bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki AI = Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis

Insecticidal soap ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],$7.85 RTU spray 2.5 Ga jug = $79

CHOOSING ENVIRONMENTALLY-FRIENDLY INSECTICIDES (commercial veg. producers)

Spinosyn-based products ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Pyrethrin ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

OMRI listed AI = pyrethrin + rotenone

[object Object],[object Object],Azadirachtin

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Neem Oil $16 per pint

Fungal microbial insecticides $72 per quart 2 quarts/A Beauveria bassiana strain GHA

[object Object],[object Object],Beauveria bassiana strain GHA Fungal microbial insecticides $399 per 2 gallons

Formulations by Certis USA ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Bt aizawai TRILOGY : NEEM OIL PRODUCT

Bio-based controls: are they cost effective? Palumbo 2000

Synthetic insecticides (old) Conventional products MOA Aphids, flea beetles, whitefly Stink bugs Dimethoate, acetamiprid (Assail), imidacloprid (Admire Pro) Bifenthrin & many pyrethroids Pyrethroid -neonicotinoid (Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonists, sodium channel modulators) Caterpillars (looper, tomato fruitworm, pinworm) Bifenthrin Beta-cyfluthrin (Baythroid) Lambda-cyhalo. (Warrior) Zeta-cyper. (Mustang Maxx) Esfenvalerate (Asana) Fenpropathrin (Danitol) Sodium channel modulators

Synthetic insecticides (new) New chemistries MOA Aphids, flea beetles, whitefly Stink bugs Flonicamid (Beleaf) Pymetrozine (Fulfill) Spirotetramat (Movento) Spiromesifen (Oberon) Feeding inhibitors Acetyl CoA caboxylase inhibitor Caterpillars (looper, tomato fruitworm, pinworm) Thrips Emamectin benzoate (Proclaim) Flubendiamide (Synapse), Rynaxypyr (Coragen) Indoxacarb (Avaunt) Methoxyfenozide (Intrepid) Spinetoram (Radiant) Chloride channel activators Ryanodine receptor modulators Sodium channel blockers Ecdysone receptor agonist Spinosyn (nicotinic receptors)

NEW RESOURCE: VEGETABLE ENTOMOLOGY DYNAMIC WEBSITE Visit http://www.aces.edu/dept/com_veg/ or https://sites.aces.edu/group/commhort/vegetable/default.aspx

THANK YOU FOR YOUR PATIENCE ,[object Object],QUESTIONS?

Vegetable IPM workshop for Home Grounds REAs

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Vegetable IPM workshop for Home Grounds REAs