IWMI researcher Robyn Johnston presented on Afromaison at the Workshop Bridging Land-Water-Ecosystem Divides September 4 2013 at World Water Week in Stockholm

1. Managing land and
water at meso-scales:
a case study from South Africa
Institute of Natural Resources, Pietermaritzburg
Chris Dickens, Kate Pringle, Leo Quayle, Dave
Cox, Fonda Lewis, Jon McCosh, Sian Waldron
IWMI, Colombo
Robyn Johnston
Antea, Ghent
Tom DHaeyer
Tom Vandenbroucke

2. Bridging
water – land – ecosystem
divides
1. Scale
2. Ecosystem services approach
3. Participatory role play games

3. uThukela Municipality,
KwaZulu Natal, South Africa
Population 715,000
Area 11,500 km2

6. 1
2

7. Commercial farming
Winterton - Bergville

8. Commercial farming
Winterton - Bergville

9. 1.2 km
Communal lands
- Bhalekisi

10. 1.2 km
Communal lands
- Bhalekisi

15. LEGAL
FRAMEWORK
NATIONAL
GOVERNMENT
AGENCIES:
COMMUNITIES
RESEARCH
Universities,
NGOs
Policy &
planning
Day-to-day
management
BUSINESSES
CONSERVATION
AGENCIES
National parks
Implementation
FARMERS
PROVINCIAL
RESOURCE
MANAGEMENT
PROGRAMMES

16. LOCAL
GOVERNMENT
Land use planning,
basic services
LEGAL
FRAMEWORK
NATIONAL
GOVERNMENT
AGENCIES:
COMMUNITIES
RESEARCH
Universities,
NGOs
Policy &
planning
Day-to-day
management
BUSINESSES
CONSERVATION
AGENCIES
National parks
Implementation
FARMERS
PROVINCIAL
RESOURCE
MANAGEMENT
PROGRAMMES

17. uThukela District Municipality
Integrated Development Plan
Economic and social
development
Environmental Management
Framework

18. Environmental Management
Framework
Legal requirement under NEMA
Spatial planning
Management Zones
Strategic Environmental
Management Plan
guidelines for MZs -
opportunities, constraints,
sensitivity
minimum environmental
standards

19. Ecosystem services
multiple functions of landscapes

20. Ecosystem services
multiple functions of landscapes

21. Ecosystem services
multiple functions of landscapes
Food-cropproduction
Food-Wildgathering
Grazing
Rawmaterials
Freshwater
Medicinalresources
Localclimate
Carbonsequestration
Modnofextremeevents
Freshwaterreleaseregulation
Waste-watertreatement
Erosionprevention
Habitatsforspecies
Geneticdiversity
Recreation
Tourism
Aesthetic
Spiritual
LANDUSE
Agriculture and croplands 5 - 3 - - - - - - 1 - - 2 1 1 1 2 1
Built environments 1 - - - - - - - - - - - 1 - - - - -
Erosion - - - 1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Forest - 2 1 3 - 5 3 5 4 3 3 5 5 5 4 4 4 3
Grassland - 2 5 4 - 5 3 3 4 4 3 5 5 5 4 4 4 3
Natural unvegetated - - - 1 - - - - - - - - 5 5 4 4 4 3
Plantation - 2 - 2 - 1 1 1 - - - - 2 - 2 2 2 1
Shrubland and bushland - 2 4 5 - 3 3 1 4 3 3 5 5 5 4 4 4 3
Subsistence 3 - 3 2 - - - - - - 1 - 2 1 1 - 1 3
Water - Dams - 2 - 1 5 - 4 - 3 3 5 - 1 - 5 5 4 1
Water - Rivers - 2 - 5 5 2 1 - 3 - 5 - 5 5 4 4 5 5
Wetlands - 1 5 5 4 5 - 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 2 2 3 3
Provisioning Regulating Habitat Cultural
Relative
scoring for
each LU/LC
type

22. Mapping ES (1)
• Land cover: matrix of ES
values for each land cover type
• Land condition: vegetation
condition based on NDVI
• Size of land cover parcel
Food-cropproduction
Food-Wildgathering
Grazing
Rawmaterials
Freshwater
Medicinalresources
Localclimate
Carbonsequestration
Modnofextremeevents
Freshwaterreleaseregulation
Waste-watertreatement
Erosionprevention
Habitatsforspecies
Geneticdiversity
Recreation
Tourism
Aesthetic
Spiritual
LANDUSE
Agriculture and croplands 5 - 3 - - - - - - 1 - - 2 1 1 1 2 1
Built environments 1 - - - - - - - - - - - 1 - - - - -
Erosion - - - 1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Forest - 2 1 3 - 5 3 5 4 3 3 5 5 5 4 4 4 3
Grassland - 2 5 4 - 5 3 3 4 4 3 5 5 5 4 4 4 3
Natural unvegetated - - - 1 - - - - - - - - 5 5 4 4 4 3
Plantation - 2 - 2 - 1 1 1 - - - - 2 - 2 2 2 1
Shrubland and bushland - 2 4 5 - 3 3 1 4 3 3 5 5 5 4 4 4 3
Subsistence 3 - 3 2 - - - - - - 1 - 2 1 1 - 1 3
Water - Dams - 2 - 1 5 - 4 - 3 3 5 - 1 - 5 5 4 1
Water - Rivers - 2 - 5 5 2 1 - 3 - 5 - 5 5 4 4 5 5
Wetlands - 1 5 5 4 5 - 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 2 2 3 3
Provisioning Regulating Habitat Cultural

23. Regulation of flows - supply
Supply

24. Regulation of flows - demand
Demand

25. Setting priorities
Low High
Low Non-priority
Preserve for
future demand
High
Rehabilitate to
meet current
needs
Preserve to
meet current
needs
Supply
Demand

26. Regulation of flows – priority areas
Priority areas

27. Combined services
Provisioning
+
Regulating
+
Habitat
+
Cultural

28. Mapping ES (2) - InVEST
Detailed evaluation for
individual ES
Process based
Valuation
Sediment retention model:
avoided dredging and water
quality regulation
Total sediment export within
each sub-watershed above dam
$

29. ES Approach
Multiple functions of landscape are explicit
Trade-offs and synergies
Spatial relationships between people and landscapes
Equity and vulnerability
Setting priorities
Strategies to conserve or enhance particular ES
Assessment
Changes in LULC / condition

30. Participatory role play games

31. uThukela MunicipalityEMF
Status Quo
• Baseline Assessment
• ES mapping and assessment
• Vulnerability assessment
Desired State
• Participatory Role Play Games
• Scenario modelling
• Priorities – ES mapping
Strategic Environmental Management Plan
• Management zones
• Management strategies: restoration actions
and tools; economic instruments and
incentives
• Testing strategies: biophysical modelling,
ES assessment, RPGs

32. r.johnston@cgiar.org