Water for a food-secure world What does IWMI do to combat food and water security? Dr. Colin Chartres IWMI HQ, Battaramulla, Sri Lanka September 20th, 2010

1. Water for a food-secure worldWhat does IWMI do to combat food and water security? Colin Chartres IWMI HQ, Battaramulla, Sri Lanka September 20th, 2010

2. “ We have a looming water crisis. This crisis is the response to growing population, changing dietary habits, and competition for water from other sectors of the economy. Lack of water for growing food will be one of the most critical issues for us to overcome in the twenty-first century.” - Colin Chartres & Samyuktha Varma, Authors, Out of water: from abundance to scarcity and how to solve the world's water problems,2010.

3. Today’s Agenda To highlight concerns regarding water and food crises Photo credit: IWMI Photo credit: IWMI

4. We are living in a fast changing world 9 billion people by 2050 Global food chains disadvantage smallholders Collapsing fish stocks Food crises Climate change E-Comms Energy crises Networked science Water scarcity Deforestation, soil erosion and exhaustion Urbanization Growth of private sector Dietary change Strength of BRICs Economies of scale Source: Image taken from www.google.com increasing challenges – increasing opportunities

5. Drivers of food and water scarcity The major drivers of water scarcity and food security are: Population growth (6.7 billion today to 9.0 billion in 2050) Dietary change Urbanisation Globalisation Biofuel production Climate Change Photo credit: Nico Sepe

6. Poverty and Population Population growth, dietary change and poverty and malnutrition will be key drivers with respect to agriculture Source: Geographic Domain Analysis to Support the Targeting, Prioritization & Design of a CGIAR Mega-Project (MP) Portfolio. Draft Progress Report. September 9, 2009.

7. Water scarcity will handicap efforts for food security IWMI : Source: Adapted from the Comprehensive Assessment of Water Management in Agriculture. 2007.

8. Comprehensive Assessment Scenario: Policies for productivity gains, upgrading rainfed areas, revitalized irrigation & trade Based on WaterSim analysis for the Comprehensive Assessment of Water Management in Agriculture

9. The Paradox and the Challenge Feeding another 2.5 billion people with less water for agriculture than we have now Photo credit: Nico Sepe

10. So what does IWMI do to combat food and water scarcity? Identification of major issues Development of technical solutions Development of policy options Photo credit: IWMI Photo credit: IWMI

11. 1.Issue identification: Water supply vs. demand gaps

12. 2. Technical solutions e.g.: Using clay to ameliorate sandy soils in Thailand Improving the way wastewater is managed in vegetable production Promoting water storage to insure farmers against climate change Photo credit: IWMI Photo credit: Nico Sepe Photo credit: IWMI

14. Solutionprovided by IWMI was separation of supply to villages and pumpsOutcome was reduced electricity use, less groundwater use, improved power supply to domestic users

15. “If we are to solve the closely related problems of water scarcity and food security, we have to move forward with a truly integrative approach to these mighty challenges. The problem is that we have a very limited time frame in which to do this.” - Colin Chartres & Samyuktha Varma, Authors, Out of water: from abundance to scarcity and how to solve the world's water problems,2010. For more information, please visit: www.iwmi.org