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IGNALINA NPP
DECOMMISSIONING


        Saulius Urbonavičius
   Senior Advisor to General Director
     Ignalina Nuclear Power Plant
             25 May, 2012
   Ignalina NPP decommissioning activities are co-financed by European Union
Introduction
• December 31,change of INPP core activity
  December 31, 2009: 2009:
 change of INPP core activity
  INPP was acting as nuclear power plant operator.

  December 31, 2009 Unit 2 reactor was shut down.

      Main INPP activity has                              been            changed         to
     decommissioning organization.



               Ignalina NPP decommissioning activities are co-financed by European Union
Successful operation of INPP
    accumulated expertise and know-how of RBMK
    technology – key prequalification for successful RBMK
    type plant decommissioning

   1974 Preparations started for construction of INPP
   1983 Unit 1, 1987 Unit 2 commissioned
   Originally 4 RBMK-1500 reactors planned
   ~ 6000 staff employed (1989)
   In 27 years 308 bln kWh of electricity
   INPP specialists were the first to start using the enriched fuel with burnable
    absorber – erbium
   Unique project of Unit 1 nuclear fuel reuse in Unit 2 reactor implemented 1st time
    in operation history of nuclear reactors
   Other unique technology improvements & modifications


                       Ignalina NPP decommissioning activities are co-financed by European Union
Decommissioning Status & Progress in 2012


  Defuelling
  (constrained by delays in ISFSF completion)
   • Unit 1:
     − core fully defuelled
     − fuel in pools
   • Unit 2:
     − 356 assemblies removed in 2011
       (1278 still left in core)
     − 144 assemblies are to be removed
        by September 2012
      core in non-criticality state
       (important safety advance)
     − fuel in pools
                       Ignalina NPP decommissioning activities are co-financed by European Union
Decommissioning status & progress in 2012

     Dismantling & Decontamination (D&D)
           Unit 1
               − Emergency Core Cooling System tanks (Bldg. 117/1):
                                                 completed
               − Turbine hall (Block G1):         ongoing
               − Reactor gas circuit (Block V1): starts in 2012
               − Heat Station (Bldg. 119):        ongoing
               − Main circuit decontamination:    discontinued
                   (illustrates pioneering nature of RBMK decommissioning)




  ECCS tanks sectioned     Ongoing equipment             All pumps removed from
  and removed from         dismantling in Unit 1         Heat Station (Bldg. 119)
  Bldg.117/1             Ignalina NPP decommissioning activities are co-financed by European Union
                           Turbine Hall
Decommissioning status & progress in 2012


     D&D Engineering planning
     (now performed by INPP own staff)

      Unit 2:
            − ECCS Tanks (Building 117/2)
               - Environmental Impact Assessment Report is under
                 development - 80% completed.
               - Inventory and radiological characterization completed.
               - Isolation of the systems is in progress.

            − Turbine Hall (Block G2)
 -      Inventory of equipment, radiological characterization and system isolation
        are in progress.

     Development of D&D documentation for other buildings and facilities is in
     progress.
                        Ignalina NPP decommissioning activities are co-financed by European Union
Decommissioning status & progress in 2012


      D&D Engineering planning                                                     INPP internal
      (performed by INPP own staff)                                                project UP01

       Dismantling in Reactor Shafts
                   21m                                        Division into 3 D&D areas
                                            Top cover         •R1 & R2
                  R1                        Metal structure
                                                                    –    maintenance experience
                                            Serpentinite            –    available access
                                            Concrete                –    limited set of materials
                                            Sand
                                                                    –    low/no irradiation
                  R3
25m




                                            Water
                                            Graphite                     (excl. channels / some internals)
                                            Steel blocks
                                            Metal structure   •R3
                                            Support plates
                                                                    –    Minor experience
                  R2               Simplified                       –    no access
                                   schematic                        –    variety of materials
                                                                    –    irradiation
                          Ignalina NPP decommissioning activities are co-financed by European Union
Decommissioning status & progress in 2012


  D&D Engineering planning                                                     INPP internal
  (performed by INPP own staff)                                                project UP01

  Dismantling in Reactor Shafts
                                                                                   Example borehole
                                                                                   for sand sampling




                      Ignalina NPP decommissioning activities are co-financed by European Union
Decommissioning status & progress in 2012


  D&D Engineering planning                                                      INPP internal
  (performed by INPP own staff)                                                 project UP01

  Dismantling in Reactor Shafts




  Pilot vacuum sampling of serpentinite                  Preparation of trepanning tool for graphite
  Jan. 2012                                              sampling Feb. 2012
                       Ignalina NPP decommissioning activities are co-financed by European Union
INPP waste management overview

                                  INPP Site

  STORED WASTE END 2009
Stored Fuel => 6000 assemblies
Stored SW =>          27000 m3
Bituminized waste =>   14000 m3                                    DECOMMISSIONING
Waste to be cemented => 4000 m3
                                       Fuel                    =>         16000 assemblies
                                       Equipment               =>        130000 tons of steel
                                       Reactors                 =>          10000 tons of steel
                                                               =>          3800 tons graphite
                                                               =>         11000 tons filling
                                       Buildings               =>        1000000 m3 of concrete
                                                               =>        200000 tons of steel
                     Ignalina NPP decommissioning activities are co-financed by European Union
Opening waste routes

Delayed
            Operational                                                  Dismantling
 5 yrs        Wastes                                                        Wastes
                       Bituminised
                       Waste
      B2
  Waste           B20
Retrieval


                                                                      Testing                  Operating
                                                                                                                        Delayed
                                                                                                                         4 yrs
                  B4                                          B19-1                   B10
                           B3
                  SW Processing                            Buffer               Measurement
                                         Delayed          Storage                 Facility                 B1
                    & Storage             4 yrs
                                                                                                       Interim Spent
Under                                                                                                 Fuel Storage(s)
                                 B25             B19-2
design
                                                                                 Free Release

       Near Surface Repository            Design      VLLW Landfill
                                        complete
                                     Ignalina NPP decommissioning activities are co-financed by European Union
B1 Interim Spent Fuel Storage
                    Facility

                                                  CONTRACT SIGNED
                                                  12 January 2005
                                                  with GNS-NUKEM consortium

                                                  COMPLETION DATE
                                                  Original contract 04 / 06 / 2009
                                                  Current amendment 29 / 03 / 2011
                                                  Delay             44 months

    The new ISFSF will occupy 5,
    93 hectare.

     The total capacity of the Facility
    is about 17000 fuel assemblies
    (about 190 containers).



                           Ignalina NPP decommissioning activities are co-financed by European Union
B1 Interim Spent Fuel Storage Facility
  Status
     1. Storage building construction
         80 % of construction works complete;
         30 % equipment installation complete.
     2. Manufacture of new-type casks
         146 of 190 casks manufactured




                Ignalina NPP decommissioning activities are co-financed by European Union
B1 Interim Spent Fuel Storage Facility
Status
   1. Storage building construction
       80 % of construction works complete;
       30 % equipment installation complete.
   2. Manufacture of new-type casks
       146 of 190 casks manufactured
   3. Modification to in-unit cask handling
       works currently suspended by the Contractor


Main outstanding issues
       Independent report has confirmed INPP’s concerns regarding
        safety of using existing spent fuel pool hall cranes, shock
        absorbers and fuel characterization
       INPP has raised issue with Contractor of cask conformity with
        technical design developed by the Contractor
       INPP and Contractor are jointly working on resolution of
        outstandingIgnalina NPPnow
                     issues decommissioning activities are co-financed by European Union
B2/3/4 Radwaste Storage and Management Facilities

                             B3/4
                                                  Radioactive waste retrieval from the
                                                 existing interim storage facilities

                                                  Transportation of them to the new
                                                 build facilites

                                                  Waste sorting and its compliance
                                                 with the new classification system

 CONTRACT SIGNED                                  Waste processing (fragmentation,
 30 November 2005                                incineration, compaction)
 With NUKEM Technologies GmbH
                                                  Packaging of the processed waste to
 COMPLETION DATE                                 the containers and placing them to the
 Original contract 28 / 11 / 2009                new storage facilities for their interim
 Delay             B2: 54 months                 storage in expectation of construction
                   B3/4: 47 months               of the final landfill facilities (storage
                                                 period up to 50 years)
                   Ignalina NPP decommissioning activities are co-financed by European Union
B10 Free Release Measurement Facility


COMMISSIONED
August 2010
                                         These facilities will ensure
                                        centralized identification of the
                                        radionuclide contamination level of
                                        materials generated during
                                        dismantling of the nuclear power
                                        plant.

                                         If the radionuclide contamination
                                        of the materials does not exceed the
                                        free release levels, these materials
                                        will be transported to the
                                        conventional dump or reused without
                                        application of the radiation safety
                                        requirements.

          Ignalina NPP decommissioning activities are co-financed by European Union
B19 Landfill Facility For Short-Lived Very Low Waste

                                             COMPLETION DATE
                                             2014 (disposal modules)




                                               The Landfill Facility will consist of
      Buffer Storage Facility                 the following facilities:

                                               4000 m3 capacity Buffer Storage
       Landfill                               Facility (Project B19-1) which
                                              operation is due to first half of 2012;

                                                   3 Disposal Modules (Project
                                                  B19-2) with capacity of 20000 m3
                                                  each. They are planned to be
                                                  installed near the currently built new
                                                  Spent Fuel Storage Facility (Project
                                                  B1).
                    Ignalina NPP decommissioning activities are co-financed by European Union
B25 Near Surface Repository
                                                        COMPLETION DATE
                                                        2017 (first module)




                                                          The repository will consist of several
                                                         groups of sections designed for final
 Radioactive waste will be stored in
                                                         disposal of 100 000 m3 of treated
the repository approximately until
                                                         radioactive waste packed into concrete
2029, until INPP is completely
                                                         containers and immobilized in the
dismantled and treatment of all
                                                         cement matrix.
radioactive waste is finished.
                                                          The repository, its protection areas
 Upon completion of radioactive
                                                         and auxiliary buildings will occupy the
waste disposal the repository will be
                                                         area equal to approximately 40
closed.
                                                         hectares.
 Surveillance of the repository will
be carried out for at least 300 years.
                         Ignalina NPP decommissioning activities are co-financed by European Union
Comparison with Greifswald NPP

                                       Greifswald NPP                                                          Ignalina NPP
 440    440   440   440   440          2640 MW (VVER)                                 1500          1500       3000 MW (RBMK)


     Operational Solid Waste                                           15,000 m3
(to be retrieved and managed)                                                                               30,000 m3

       Operational Spent Resins             2,000 m3
               (for cementation)                    5,800 m3
                                                                    59%

Steel from Equipt. Dismantling                                                                     116,000 tons
              contaminated
                                                                                                           130,000 tons
                                                                                                  91%
                                        Steel     2,660 tons
        Reactor Core Structures
                                        Steel     Graphite     Shielding ( serpentine / sand )          9,300 tons
                   (per unit)           2,700 t    1,800 t                     4,800 t




              Decommissioning                                                                       3.2 billion Euro
                      Funding           1.45 billion Euro                                        2.93 billion Euro
                                Ignalina NPP decommissioning activities are co-financed by European Union
                                             Identified                           Required (incl. risks)
Decommissioning funding 2014-2020

The EU assistance by 2014

In accordance with its commitments, the EU has already allocated a
contribution of 1 400 m Euro until 2014 and Lithuania has already
allocated 50 m Euro. This financing is intended to be used:

1 100 m Euro for the preparatory decommissioning works –
construction of a spent nuclear fuel storage facility, radioactive waste
management and storage facilities and repositories.

350 m Euro for funding of strategic energy projects.




                    Ignalina NPP decommissioning activities are co-financed by European Union   20
Decommissioning funding 2014-2020

The EU assistance in 2014-2020

In order to ensure proper funding of Ignalina NPP decommissioning
process until 2029, 1 120 m Euro should be allocated additionally. In
consideration of Lithuanian contribution, additional EU financial support
is required (including risk provisions for investment projects) of which:

 770 m Euro for the period from 2014 to 2020

exclusively to ensure adequate financing of the decommissioning
process until 2029.




                   Ignalina NPP decommissioning activities are co-financed by European Union   21
Decommissioning funding 2014-2020

Lithuania’s contribution

Lithuania’s national contribution to the financing of
decommissioning process from 1999 to 2029 will compose
about 320 m Euro (12%):

188 m Euro are planned for the period until 2014.

132 m Euro are planned for the period from 2014 to 2029.




                Ignalina NPP decommissioning activities are co-financed by European Union   22
Decommissioning funding 2014-2020




 2014-2017 the Ignalina Programme will
  receive only 210 MEUR (229 629 000 EUR
  in current prices)




           Ignalina NPP decommissioning activities are co-financed by European Union   23
Possible outcomes of unsufficient funding


 Lithuania alone will not be able to provide necessary
  support for INPP decommissioning.

 Long-lasting INPP decommissioning process may
  require higher amount of resources.

 Furthermore, insufficient financing may cause the risk
  that in the EU large quantities of spent nuclear fuel and
  radioactive waste will not be properly managed (nuclear
  safety issue).


                Ignalina NPP decommissioning activities are co-financed by European Union   24
Thank You for Your Attention !




       Thank you!


      Ignalina NPP decommissioning activities are co-financed by European Union

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Gynybos atase vizitas

  • 1. IGNALINA NPP DECOMMISSIONING Saulius Urbonavičius Senior Advisor to General Director Ignalina Nuclear Power Plant 25 May, 2012 Ignalina NPP decommissioning activities are co-financed by European Union
  • 2. Introduction • December 31,change of INPP core activity December 31, 2009: 2009: change of INPP core activity  INPP was acting as nuclear power plant operator.  December 31, 2009 Unit 2 reactor was shut down.  Main INPP activity has been changed to decommissioning organization. Ignalina NPP decommissioning activities are co-financed by European Union
  • 3. Successful operation of INPP accumulated expertise and know-how of RBMK technology – key prequalification for successful RBMK type plant decommissioning  1974 Preparations started for construction of INPP  1983 Unit 1, 1987 Unit 2 commissioned  Originally 4 RBMK-1500 reactors planned  ~ 6000 staff employed (1989)  In 27 years 308 bln kWh of electricity  INPP specialists were the first to start using the enriched fuel with burnable absorber – erbium  Unique project of Unit 1 nuclear fuel reuse in Unit 2 reactor implemented 1st time in operation history of nuclear reactors  Other unique technology improvements & modifications Ignalina NPP decommissioning activities are co-financed by European Union
  • 4. Decommissioning Status & Progress in 2012 Defuelling (constrained by delays in ISFSF completion) • Unit 1: − core fully defuelled − fuel in pools • Unit 2: − 356 assemblies removed in 2011 (1278 still left in core) − 144 assemblies are to be removed by September 2012  core in non-criticality state (important safety advance) − fuel in pools Ignalina NPP decommissioning activities are co-financed by European Union
  • 5. Decommissioning status & progress in 2012 Dismantling & Decontamination (D&D)  Unit 1 − Emergency Core Cooling System tanks (Bldg. 117/1): completed − Turbine hall (Block G1): ongoing − Reactor gas circuit (Block V1): starts in 2012 − Heat Station (Bldg. 119): ongoing − Main circuit decontamination: discontinued (illustrates pioneering nature of RBMK decommissioning) ECCS tanks sectioned Ongoing equipment All pumps removed from and removed from dismantling in Unit 1 Heat Station (Bldg. 119) Bldg.117/1 Ignalina NPP decommissioning activities are co-financed by European Union Turbine Hall
  • 6. Decommissioning status & progress in 2012 D&D Engineering planning (now performed by INPP own staff)  Unit 2: − ECCS Tanks (Building 117/2) - Environmental Impact Assessment Report is under development - 80% completed. - Inventory and radiological characterization completed. - Isolation of the systems is in progress. − Turbine Hall (Block G2) - Inventory of equipment, radiological characterization and system isolation are in progress. Development of D&D documentation for other buildings and facilities is in progress. Ignalina NPP decommissioning activities are co-financed by European Union
  • 7. Decommissioning status & progress in 2012 D&D Engineering planning INPP internal (performed by INPP own staff) project UP01  Dismantling in Reactor Shafts 21m Division into 3 D&D areas Top cover •R1 & R2 R1 Metal structure – maintenance experience Serpentinite – available access Concrete – limited set of materials Sand – low/no irradiation R3 25m Water Graphite (excl. channels / some internals) Steel blocks Metal structure •R3 Support plates – Minor experience R2 Simplified – no access schematic – variety of materials – irradiation Ignalina NPP decommissioning activities are co-financed by European Union
  • 8. Decommissioning status & progress in 2012 D&D Engineering planning INPP internal (performed by INPP own staff) project UP01 Dismantling in Reactor Shafts Example borehole for sand sampling Ignalina NPP decommissioning activities are co-financed by European Union
  • 9. Decommissioning status & progress in 2012 D&D Engineering planning INPP internal (performed by INPP own staff) project UP01 Dismantling in Reactor Shafts Pilot vacuum sampling of serpentinite Preparation of trepanning tool for graphite Jan. 2012 sampling Feb. 2012 Ignalina NPP decommissioning activities are co-financed by European Union
  • 10. INPP waste management overview INPP Site STORED WASTE END 2009 Stored Fuel => 6000 assemblies Stored SW => 27000 m3 Bituminized waste => 14000 m3 DECOMMISSIONING Waste to be cemented => 4000 m3 Fuel => 16000 assemblies Equipment => 130000 tons of steel Reactors => 10000 tons of steel => 3800 tons graphite => 11000 tons filling Buildings => 1000000 m3 of concrete => 200000 tons of steel Ignalina NPP decommissioning activities are co-financed by European Union
  • 11. Opening waste routes Delayed Operational Dismantling 5 yrs Wastes Wastes Bituminised Waste B2 Waste B20 Retrieval Testing Operating Delayed 4 yrs B4 B19-1 B10 B3 SW Processing Buffer Measurement Delayed Storage Facility B1 & Storage 4 yrs Interim Spent Under Fuel Storage(s) B25 B19-2 design Free Release Near Surface Repository Design VLLW Landfill complete Ignalina NPP decommissioning activities are co-financed by European Union
  • 12. B1 Interim Spent Fuel Storage Facility CONTRACT SIGNED 12 January 2005 with GNS-NUKEM consortium COMPLETION DATE Original contract 04 / 06 / 2009 Current amendment 29 / 03 / 2011 Delay 44 months  The new ISFSF will occupy 5, 93 hectare.  The total capacity of the Facility is about 17000 fuel assemblies (about 190 containers). Ignalina NPP decommissioning activities are co-financed by European Union
  • 13. B1 Interim Spent Fuel Storage Facility Status 1. Storage building construction  80 % of construction works complete;  30 % equipment installation complete. 2. Manufacture of new-type casks  146 of 190 casks manufactured Ignalina NPP decommissioning activities are co-financed by European Union
  • 14. B1 Interim Spent Fuel Storage Facility Status 1. Storage building construction  80 % of construction works complete;  30 % equipment installation complete. 2. Manufacture of new-type casks  146 of 190 casks manufactured 3. Modification to in-unit cask handling  works currently suspended by the Contractor Main outstanding issues  Independent report has confirmed INPP’s concerns regarding safety of using existing spent fuel pool hall cranes, shock absorbers and fuel characterization  INPP has raised issue with Contractor of cask conformity with technical design developed by the Contractor  INPP and Contractor are jointly working on resolution of outstandingIgnalina NPPnow issues decommissioning activities are co-financed by European Union
  • 15. B2/3/4 Radwaste Storage and Management Facilities B3/4  Radioactive waste retrieval from the existing interim storage facilities  Transportation of them to the new build facilites  Waste sorting and its compliance with the new classification system CONTRACT SIGNED  Waste processing (fragmentation, 30 November 2005 incineration, compaction) With NUKEM Technologies GmbH  Packaging of the processed waste to COMPLETION DATE the containers and placing them to the Original contract 28 / 11 / 2009 new storage facilities for their interim Delay B2: 54 months storage in expectation of construction B3/4: 47 months of the final landfill facilities (storage period up to 50 years) Ignalina NPP decommissioning activities are co-financed by European Union
  • 16. B10 Free Release Measurement Facility COMMISSIONED August 2010  These facilities will ensure centralized identification of the radionuclide contamination level of materials generated during dismantling of the nuclear power plant.  If the radionuclide contamination of the materials does not exceed the free release levels, these materials will be transported to the conventional dump or reused without application of the radiation safety requirements. Ignalina NPP decommissioning activities are co-financed by European Union
  • 17. B19 Landfill Facility For Short-Lived Very Low Waste COMPLETION DATE 2014 (disposal modules) The Landfill Facility will consist of Buffer Storage Facility the following facilities:  4000 m3 capacity Buffer Storage Landfill Facility (Project B19-1) which operation is due to first half of 2012;  3 Disposal Modules (Project B19-2) with capacity of 20000 m3 each. They are planned to be installed near the currently built new Spent Fuel Storage Facility (Project B1). Ignalina NPP decommissioning activities are co-financed by European Union
  • 18. B25 Near Surface Repository COMPLETION DATE 2017 (first module)  The repository will consist of several groups of sections designed for final  Radioactive waste will be stored in disposal of 100 000 m3 of treated the repository approximately until radioactive waste packed into concrete 2029, until INPP is completely containers and immobilized in the dismantled and treatment of all cement matrix. radioactive waste is finished.  The repository, its protection areas  Upon completion of radioactive and auxiliary buildings will occupy the waste disposal the repository will be area equal to approximately 40 closed. hectares.  Surveillance of the repository will be carried out for at least 300 years. Ignalina NPP decommissioning activities are co-financed by European Union
  • 19. Comparison with Greifswald NPP Greifswald NPP Ignalina NPP 440 440 440 440 440 2640 MW (VVER) 1500 1500 3000 MW (RBMK) Operational Solid Waste 15,000 m3 (to be retrieved and managed) 30,000 m3 Operational Spent Resins 2,000 m3 (for cementation) 5,800 m3 59% Steel from Equipt. Dismantling 116,000 tons contaminated 130,000 tons 91% Steel 2,660 tons Reactor Core Structures Steel Graphite Shielding ( serpentine / sand ) 9,300 tons (per unit) 2,700 t 1,800 t 4,800 t Decommissioning 3.2 billion Euro Funding 1.45 billion Euro 2.93 billion Euro Ignalina NPP decommissioning activities are co-financed by European Union Identified Required (incl. risks)
  • 20. Decommissioning funding 2014-2020 The EU assistance by 2014 In accordance with its commitments, the EU has already allocated a contribution of 1 400 m Euro until 2014 and Lithuania has already allocated 50 m Euro. This financing is intended to be used: 1 100 m Euro for the preparatory decommissioning works – construction of a spent nuclear fuel storage facility, radioactive waste management and storage facilities and repositories. 350 m Euro for funding of strategic energy projects. Ignalina NPP decommissioning activities are co-financed by European Union 20
  • 21. Decommissioning funding 2014-2020 The EU assistance in 2014-2020 In order to ensure proper funding of Ignalina NPP decommissioning process until 2029, 1 120 m Euro should be allocated additionally. In consideration of Lithuanian contribution, additional EU financial support is required (including risk provisions for investment projects) of which:  770 m Euro for the period from 2014 to 2020 exclusively to ensure adequate financing of the decommissioning process until 2029. Ignalina NPP decommissioning activities are co-financed by European Union 21
  • 22. Decommissioning funding 2014-2020 Lithuania’s contribution Lithuania’s national contribution to the financing of decommissioning process from 1999 to 2029 will compose about 320 m Euro (12%): 188 m Euro are planned for the period until 2014. 132 m Euro are planned for the period from 2014 to 2029. Ignalina NPP decommissioning activities are co-financed by European Union 22
  • 23. Decommissioning funding 2014-2020  2014-2017 the Ignalina Programme will receive only 210 MEUR (229 629 000 EUR in current prices) Ignalina NPP decommissioning activities are co-financed by European Union 23
  • 24. Possible outcomes of unsufficient funding  Lithuania alone will not be able to provide necessary support for INPP decommissioning.  Long-lasting INPP decommissioning process may require higher amount of resources.  Furthermore, insufficient financing may cause the risk that in the EU large quantities of spent nuclear fuel and radioactive waste will not be properly managed (nuclear safety issue). Ignalina NPP decommissioning activities are co-financed by European Union 24
  • 25. Thank You for Your Attention ! Thank you! Ignalina NPP decommissioning activities are co-financed by European Union