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Innovation and Open
Innovation

An Academic Take by
Phani Malloju
Inno Garage Consulting
About Inno Garage
 Inno Garage is a consulting company with over a decade’s expertise in

the areas of branding, innovation and corporate strategy and has served
with over 2000 clients
 We have supported various companies across the globe on their

innovation practices and helped in executing open innovation startegy.
Invention and Innovation

Idea
Invention and Innovation

Technology

Idea
Invention and Innovation

Product
Technology

Idea
Invention and Innovation

Business
Product
Technology

Idea
Invention and Innovation

Sustainable Business
Business
Product
Technology

Idea
Invention and Innovation

Sustainable Business
Business
Product
Technology

Idea
Diffusion of Innovations
 Developed by Everett Rogers
 Diffusion is the process by which an innovation is communicated

through certain channels over time among the members of a social
system.
Adoption of Innovation Step
Process

RANKING MUNDIAL DE USUÁRIOS DE INTERNET
Person becomes aware of an innovation and has

Knowledge

1º 2º 3º

Persuasion
Decision
Implementation
Confirmation

4º 5º

some idea of how it functions

6º

Person forms a favorable or unfavorable attitude
toward the innovation
Person engages in activities that lead to a choice to
adopt or reject the innovation
Person puts an innovation into use
Person evaluates the results of an innovationdecision already made
Adoption of Innovation
over time
Adoption of Innovation
over time
Adoption of Innovation
over time
5 Critical Factors in
Innovation Diffusion

Relative advantage

Adoption probability grows if innovation has clear

1º 2º 3º

Compatibility
Complexity of transition
Possibility of testing
Visibility of benefits

4º 5º

6º

advantages for product, service or current behavior
The more innovation is consistent with pre-existing
higher the adoption probability
Complex changes involved in innovation, reduce
adoption likelihood
A chance to try an innovation before making a final
decision increase adoption likelihood
The more obvious innovation benefits the greater
adoption likelihood
Innovation
 Following Joseph Schumpeter’s 1934 book

“The Theory of Economic Development: An Inquiry into Profits, Capital, Credit,
Interest, and the Business Cycle”
innovation is distinguished from invention by the fact that innovation is
usually applied successfully in practice.
Innovation - Diffusion
 When innovation occurs, innovations may be spread from the innovator

to other individuals and groups.
 This process has been proposed that the life cycle of innovations can be

described using the 's-curve' or diffusion curve. The s-curve maps
growth of revenue or productivity against time.
Innovation - Diffusion
 In the early stage of a particular innovation, growth is relatively slow as

the new product establishes itself.
 At some point customers begin to demand and the product growth

increases more rapidly.
 New incremental innovations or changes to the product allow growth

to continue.
 Towards the end of its life cycle growth slows and may even begin to

decline. In the later stages, no amount of new investment in that
product will yield a normal rate of return.
Innovation - Diffusion
 The s-curve derives from an assumption that new products are likely to

have "product Life". i.e. a start-up phase, a rapid increase in revenue
and eventual decline.
 But in fact the great majority of innovations never get off the bottom of

the curve, and never produce normal returns.
Innovation - Diffusion
 Innovative companies will typically be working on new innovations that

will eventually replace older ones. Successive s-curves will come along
to replace older ones and continue to drive growth upwards. In the
figure above the first curve shows a current technology. The second
shows an emerging technology that current yields lower growth but will
eventually overtake current technology and lead to even greater levels of
growth. The length of life will depend on many factors.
Open Innovation
 Open innovation is a paradigm that assumes that firms can and should

use external ideas as well as internal ideas, and internal and external
paths to market, as the firms look to advance their technology”.

 The boundaries between a firm and its environment have become more

permeable; innovations can easily transfer inward and outward.
Open Innovation
 The central idea behind open innovation is that in a world of widely

distributed knowledge, companies cannot afford to rely entirely on their
own research, but should instead buy or license processes or inventions
(e.g. patents) from other companies. In addition, internal inventions not
being used in a firm's business should be taken outside the company
(e.g., through licensing, joint ventures, spin-offs)
Open Innovation

Idea Generation

Selection

Execution

Commercialization
Open Innovation

Idea Generation

Selection

Execution

Commercialization
Open Innovation

Idea Generation

Selection

Execution

Commercialization
Open Innovation

Idea Generation

Develop
New ideas

Selection

Execution

Commercialization
Open Innovation

Idea Generation

Ideas and
innovations
from inside the
organisation

Develop
New ideas

patents and
innovations
from outside the
organisation

Selection

Execution

Commercialization
Open Innovation

Idea Generation

Ideas and
innovations
from inside the
organisation

Develop
New ideas

patents and
innovations
from outside the
organisation

Selection

Execution

Commercialization
Open Innovation

Idea Generation

Selection

Develop
New ideas

Select
Successful
Ideas

Ideas and
innovations
from inside the
organisation

patents and
innovations
from outside the
organisation

Execution

Commercialization
Open Innovation

Idea Generation

Selection

Develop
New ideas

Select
Successful
Ideas

patents and
innovations
from outside the
organisation

Technology
Licensing
IN

Ideas and
innovations
from inside the
organisation

Execution

Commercialization
Open Innovation

Idea Generation

Selection

Develop
New ideas

Select
Successful
Ideas

patents and
innovations
from outside the
organisation

Technology
Licensing
IN

Ideas and
innovations
from inside the
organisation

Execution

Commercialization
Open Innovation

Idea Generation

Selection

Execution

Develop
New ideas

Select
Successful
Ideas

Prototypes
and
Production

patents and
innovations
from outside the
organisation

Technology
Licensing
IN

Ideas and
innovations
from inside the
organisation

Commercialization
Open Innovation

Idea Generation

Selection

Execution

Develop
New ideas

Select
Successful
Ideas

Prototypes
and
Production
IP
Licensing
OUT

IP
Licensing
IN

patents and
innovations
from outside the
organisation

Technology
Licensing
IN

Ideas and
innovations
from inside the
organisation

Commercialization
Open Innovation

Idea Generation

Selection

Execution

Develop
New ideas

Select
Successful
Ideas

Prototypes
and
Production
IP
Licensing
OUT

IP
Licensing
IN

patents and
innovations
from outside the
organisation

Technology
Licensing
IN

Ideas and
innovations
from inside the
organisation

Commercialization
Open Innovation

Idea Generation

Selection

Execution

Commercialization

Develop
New ideas

Select
Successful
Ideas

Prototypes
and
Production

Product
brought
to market

IP
Licensing
OUT

IP
Licensing
IN

patents and
innovations
from outside the
organisation

Technology
Licensing
IN

Ideas and
innovations
from inside the
organisation
Open Innovation

Idea Generation

Selection

Execution

Commercialization

Develop
New ideas

Select
Successful
Ideas

Prototypes
and
Production

Product
brought
to market
Technology
Spin-offs

IP
Licensing
OUT

IP
Licensing
IN

patents and
innovations
from outside the
organisation

Technology
Licensing
IN

Ideas and
innovations
from inside the
organisation
Crowdfunding
The Status Quo
 Venture capital difficult to find for smaller requirements
 Debt finance hard to come by
 Business angels – limited investments
 Typically a syndicate each investing £10k - £100k
 What if there was a way to have say 5000 angels each investing £10?
 What if anyone could become a business angel?
Crowdfunding
• Crowdfunding is an approach to raising the capital required for a new
project or enterprise by appealing to large numbers of people for small
donations
• Crowdfunding examples
• Kiva.org - $325m funding raised, >777,000 lenders, ~800,000
entrepreneurs
• Kickstarter.com – >24,000 projects funded, > $250m pledged todate, 2m people have pledged
Three Types of
Crowdfunding
Donations, Philanthropy and Sponsorship where there is no expected
financial return
 Kickstarter, IndieGoGo, RocketHub, Faithfunder, CharitySub,
ChipIn, Catchafire
1. Lending/Borrowing
 KIVA, RateSetter, Funding Circle
1. Investment in exchange for equity, profit or revenue sharing
 Profounder, AppBackr, PeerBackers, Quirky, GrowVC
1.
Fast Growing Retail
Business
 Funding Circle is a UK

clearinghouse for semianonymous lenders and
borrowers (bank)
 Primarily for expanding existing
small businesses
 Variable loan rates/term
 Average return 8.3%
 Funding Circle does the credit
check, rates risk
 Lender amounts small
 $40 million in transactions
Common Crowdfunding
Mistakes
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.

Asking for Too Much… or Too Little
A Bad Promo Video: too long, not clear on the benefits, no humour,
no excitement
No Clear Itemized Budget
Poor or Overpriced Perks
Failing to Promote Your Project to Your Social Media Network
Failing to Inspire - No Good Story or Hook
Giving Up Too Early
Lets Take the Discussion
Further
 Our team is always ready to deal with the innovation issues in your

company. Please feel free to call us up or drop a mail:

Inno Garage
No 32, Janapriya Enclave,
LB Nagar, Hyderabad 500068
info@innogaragebranding.com
team@innogaragebranding.com
91 40 64561365
91 880 1889344
www.innogarageconsulting.com

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Innovation and Open Innovation by Inno Garage

  • 1. Innovation and Open Innovation An Academic Take by Phani Malloju Inno Garage Consulting
  • 2. About Inno Garage  Inno Garage is a consulting company with over a decade’s expertise in the areas of branding, innovation and corporate strategy and has served with over 2000 clients  We have supported various companies across the globe on their innovation practices and helped in executing open innovation startegy.
  • 7. Invention and Innovation Sustainable Business Business Product Technology Idea
  • 8. Invention and Innovation Sustainable Business Business Product Technology Idea
  • 9. Diffusion of Innovations  Developed by Everett Rogers  Diffusion is the process by which an innovation is communicated through certain channels over time among the members of a social system.
  • 10. Adoption of Innovation Step Process RANKING MUNDIAL DE USUÁRIOS DE INTERNET Person becomes aware of an innovation and has Knowledge 1º 2º 3º Persuasion Decision Implementation Confirmation 4º 5º some idea of how it functions 6º Person forms a favorable or unfavorable attitude toward the innovation Person engages in activities that lead to a choice to adopt or reject the innovation Person puts an innovation into use Person evaluates the results of an innovationdecision already made
  • 14.
  • 15. 5 Critical Factors in Innovation Diffusion Relative advantage Adoption probability grows if innovation has clear 1º 2º 3º Compatibility Complexity of transition Possibility of testing Visibility of benefits 4º 5º 6º advantages for product, service or current behavior The more innovation is consistent with pre-existing higher the adoption probability Complex changes involved in innovation, reduce adoption likelihood A chance to try an innovation before making a final decision increase adoption likelihood The more obvious innovation benefits the greater adoption likelihood
  • 16. Innovation  Following Joseph Schumpeter’s 1934 book “The Theory of Economic Development: An Inquiry into Profits, Capital, Credit, Interest, and the Business Cycle” innovation is distinguished from invention by the fact that innovation is usually applied successfully in practice.
  • 17. Innovation - Diffusion  When innovation occurs, innovations may be spread from the innovator to other individuals and groups.  This process has been proposed that the life cycle of innovations can be described using the 's-curve' or diffusion curve. The s-curve maps growth of revenue or productivity against time.
  • 18. Innovation - Diffusion  In the early stage of a particular innovation, growth is relatively slow as the new product establishes itself.  At some point customers begin to demand and the product growth increases more rapidly.  New incremental innovations or changes to the product allow growth to continue.  Towards the end of its life cycle growth slows and may even begin to decline. In the later stages, no amount of new investment in that product will yield a normal rate of return.
  • 19. Innovation - Diffusion  The s-curve derives from an assumption that new products are likely to have "product Life". i.e. a start-up phase, a rapid increase in revenue and eventual decline.  But in fact the great majority of innovations never get off the bottom of the curve, and never produce normal returns.
  • 20. Innovation - Diffusion  Innovative companies will typically be working on new innovations that will eventually replace older ones. Successive s-curves will come along to replace older ones and continue to drive growth upwards. In the figure above the first curve shows a current technology. The second shows an emerging technology that current yields lower growth but will eventually overtake current technology and lead to even greater levels of growth. The length of life will depend on many factors.
  • 21. Open Innovation  Open innovation is a paradigm that assumes that firms can and should use external ideas as well as internal ideas, and internal and external paths to market, as the firms look to advance their technology”.  The boundaries between a firm and its environment have become more permeable; innovations can easily transfer inward and outward.
  • 22. Open Innovation  The central idea behind open innovation is that in a world of widely distributed knowledge, companies cannot afford to rely entirely on their own research, but should instead buy or license processes or inventions (e.g. patents) from other companies. In addition, internal inventions not being used in a firm's business should be taken outside the company (e.g., through licensing, joint ventures, spin-offs)
  • 26. Open Innovation Idea Generation Develop New ideas Selection Execution Commercialization
  • 27. Open Innovation Idea Generation Ideas and innovations from inside the organisation Develop New ideas patents and innovations from outside the organisation Selection Execution Commercialization
  • 28. Open Innovation Idea Generation Ideas and innovations from inside the organisation Develop New ideas patents and innovations from outside the organisation Selection Execution Commercialization
  • 29. Open Innovation Idea Generation Selection Develop New ideas Select Successful Ideas Ideas and innovations from inside the organisation patents and innovations from outside the organisation Execution Commercialization
  • 30. Open Innovation Idea Generation Selection Develop New ideas Select Successful Ideas patents and innovations from outside the organisation Technology Licensing IN Ideas and innovations from inside the organisation Execution Commercialization
  • 31. Open Innovation Idea Generation Selection Develop New ideas Select Successful Ideas patents and innovations from outside the organisation Technology Licensing IN Ideas and innovations from inside the organisation Execution Commercialization
  • 32. Open Innovation Idea Generation Selection Execution Develop New ideas Select Successful Ideas Prototypes and Production patents and innovations from outside the organisation Technology Licensing IN Ideas and innovations from inside the organisation Commercialization
  • 33. Open Innovation Idea Generation Selection Execution Develop New ideas Select Successful Ideas Prototypes and Production IP Licensing OUT IP Licensing IN patents and innovations from outside the organisation Technology Licensing IN Ideas and innovations from inside the organisation Commercialization
  • 34. Open Innovation Idea Generation Selection Execution Develop New ideas Select Successful Ideas Prototypes and Production IP Licensing OUT IP Licensing IN patents and innovations from outside the organisation Technology Licensing IN Ideas and innovations from inside the organisation Commercialization
  • 35. Open Innovation Idea Generation Selection Execution Commercialization Develop New ideas Select Successful Ideas Prototypes and Production Product brought to market IP Licensing OUT IP Licensing IN patents and innovations from outside the organisation Technology Licensing IN Ideas and innovations from inside the organisation
  • 36. Open Innovation Idea Generation Selection Execution Commercialization Develop New ideas Select Successful Ideas Prototypes and Production Product brought to market Technology Spin-offs IP Licensing OUT IP Licensing IN patents and innovations from outside the organisation Technology Licensing IN Ideas and innovations from inside the organisation
  • 38. The Status Quo  Venture capital difficult to find for smaller requirements  Debt finance hard to come by  Business angels – limited investments  Typically a syndicate each investing £10k - £100k  What if there was a way to have say 5000 angels each investing £10?  What if anyone could become a business angel?
  • 39. Crowdfunding • Crowdfunding is an approach to raising the capital required for a new project or enterprise by appealing to large numbers of people for small donations • Crowdfunding examples • Kiva.org - $325m funding raised, >777,000 lenders, ~800,000 entrepreneurs • Kickstarter.com – >24,000 projects funded, > $250m pledged todate, 2m people have pledged
  • 40.
  • 41. Three Types of Crowdfunding Donations, Philanthropy and Sponsorship where there is no expected financial return  Kickstarter, IndieGoGo, RocketHub, Faithfunder, CharitySub, ChipIn, Catchafire 1. Lending/Borrowing  KIVA, RateSetter, Funding Circle 1. Investment in exchange for equity, profit or revenue sharing  Profounder, AppBackr, PeerBackers, Quirky, GrowVC 1.
  • 42. Fast Growing Retail Business  Funding Circle is a UK clearinghouse for semianonymous lenders and borrowers (bank)  Primarily for expanding existing small businesses  Variable loan rates/term  Average return 8.3%  Funding Circle does the credit check, rates risk  Lender amounts small  $40 million in transactions
  • 43. Common Crowdfunding Mistakes 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Asking for Too Much… or Too Little A Bad Promo Video: too long, not clear on the benefits, no humour, no excitement No Clear Itemized Budget Poor or Overpriced Perks Failing to Promote Your Project to Your Social Media Network Failing to Inspire - No Good Story or Hook Giving Up Too Early
  • 44. Lets Take the Discussion Further  Our team is always ready to deal with the innovation issues in your company. Please feel free to call us up or drop a mail: Inno Garage No 32, Janapriya Enclave, LB Nagar, Hyderabad 500068 info@innogaragebranding.com team@innogaragebranding.com 91 40 64561365 91 880 1889344 www.innogarageconsulting.com

Editor's Notes

  1. Kiva - Despite being only 39 months old it has raised over $87m, funding over 213,000 entrepreneurs. They have over 500,000 lenders worldwide. Ebbsfleet United Football Club was bought by approximately 26,000 people each paying £35 - £910,000 Zopa - have over 300,000 members and total disbursals have reached £50m.