Bobby Duffy (Twitter: @BobbyIpsosMORI) is Director of the global Ipsos Social Research Institute and is also a Visiting Senior Fellow, King’s College London

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Trends in Civil Society and Engagement
Bobby Duffy
Director Ipsos Social Research Institute,
April 2013
Visiting Senior Fellow, King’s College London
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2. One key issue...
What do you see as the most/other important issues facing Britain today?
Brown becomes Cameron becomes
PM PM
70
The economy
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May May
1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
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3. We’re shaken...
Thinking about the economic downturn, which of these statements comes
closest to your view?
Even though the
Don't know recession has been
13% tough, Britain will
be stronger when it
gets through it
31%
The recession has
been so tough that
Britain will be 56%
weaker because of
it for years to come
Base: 1,009 online British adults aged 16-75, 9-11 November 2012 Source: Ipsos MORI/RSA
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4. We are in a group of European countries feeling
hardest hit by the last five years
Net last five years good for country
Brazil
40%
R² = 0.49
Saudi Arabia
20%
India
Sweden Canada
Australia Indonesia
0% Germany
-40% -30% -20%Turkey
-10% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60%
Argentina Russia
Net disagree Net agree
-20%
country will Mexico Poland country will
never be the South Africa Belgium never be the
same again South Korea same again
Japan -40% France
US
-60% GB
Italy
-80% Spain
Hungary
Net last five years bad for country
Base: 17,678 online interviews with adults aged 16/18-64 in 23 countries, September 4-18 2012 Source: Ipsos Global @dvisor
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5. But cuts haven’t really hit perceptions of services....
On balance, based on your personal experience, do you think the following public
services have got better or worse over the past 12 months or have they stayed the
same?
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
Primary
education 6 18 49 17 3 7
Refuse
collection 3 12 64 14 5 2
NHS GP 5 13 56 16 8 2
NHS
Hospitals 4 13 47 20 11 5
Secondary
education 1 9 59 19 6 6
Public
transport 3 10 52 22 9 4
The police 3 9 41 18 19 10
Much better A little better Stayed the same A little worse Much worse Don't know/can't say
Base: Online British adults aged 16-75 who are users of each service (n in brackets), 9-11 November 2012 Source: Ipsos MORI/RSA
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6. Little awareness of progress with cuts...
What proportion of the government’s planned cuts to public spending do you think
have been carried out so far?
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
100% *
90-99% *
80-89% 1
70-79% 2
60-69% 6
50-59%
40-49% 9
10
Mean:
30-39% 13
20-29% 10 40%
10-19% 8
1-9% 3
0% 1
Don't know 38
Base: 1,009 online British adults aged 16-75, 9-11 November 2012 Source: Ipsos MORI/RSA
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7. A new reality – where we expect our children to have a
lower quality of life than us
When they reach your age, do you think your children will have a higher or lower quality of life
than you, or about the same?
% Higher % Lower
November 2011
23 42 35
April 2003
43 45 12
Base: 1,006 British adults aged 18+, 19th-21st November 2011 Source: Ipsos MORI
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8. Trust and
role of
government
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9. Some measures of trust are not that different – or on the up...
Trust in institutions (How much do you trust...)
Parliament Local Council
70 65
62 64
60 61
60 57
52 54
50
Per cent
40 36 38 37 36
35 34 34
29
30
20
10
0
2001 2003 2005 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 2012
Base: Core sample in England, (2001: 9,430, 2003: 8,920, 2005: 9,195, 2007-08: 8,804, 2008-09: 8,768, 2009-10: 8,712, Source: Ipsos MORI/DCLG, Citizenship Survey,
2010-11: 10,307) 2012 from Community Life Survey
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10. Trust in civil servants vs politicians – why have views diverged so
much?
...would you tell me if you generally trust them to tell the truth, or not?
Civil Servants Government Ministers Politicians Generally
60
50 Charities higher – 6.6/10
compared with 4.8 councils
40
30
20
10
0
Source: Ipsos MORI most years face-to-face in-home, *2012 ICM telephone ** 2013
Base: c.1,000-2,000
IM telephone
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11. But more specific trust question shows serious
decline
How much do you trust a British government of any party to place the needs of this
country above the interests of their own political party?
40
% “almost never”
30
% 20
10
0
Source: British Social Attitudes, 1986-2009
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Significant generational
differences
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13. Our generational balance is changing fundamentally –
four roughly equal-sized and very different generations...
Proportion of UK adult (18+) population from each generational grouping
100%
90% % Pre war generation
80%
70%
60%
50%
% Baby boomers
40%
30%
20% % Generation X
10%
% Generation Y
0%
83 84 85 86 87 89 90 91 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10
Source: Eurostat
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14. Attachment to political parties is declining – maybe not by as
much as expect...?
Do you think of yourself as a supporter of any one political party?
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
83 84 85 86 87 89 90 91 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10
Base: All data points represent >200 responses Source: British Social Attitudes
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15. ...driven by solid generational pattern
Do you think of yourself as a supporter of any one political party?
70%
60%
50%
% ‘yes’
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
83 84 85 86 87 89 90 91 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10
Pre war Baby boomers Generation x Generation y
Each sample point represents >100 respondents BSA. Population data from Eurostat
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16. International comparisons are very interesting –
Sweden has very different pattern...
Do you feel closer to a particular party than all other parties?
100%
90% % Ja
80%
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
2002 2004 2006 2008 2010
Pre War Baby Boomer Generation X Generation Y Overall
Source: European Social Survey
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17. ...compared with UK
Do you feel closer to a particular party than all other parties?
100%
90% % Yes
80%
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
2002 2004 2006 2008 2010
Pre War Baby Boomer Generation X Generation Y Overall
Source: European Social Survey
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18. Declining support for more welfare spending...
“the government should spend more money on welfare benefits for the poor,
even if it leads to higher taxes”
70%
60%
Agree total
50% 55%
39%
40%
30%
22% 28%
20%
10% Disagree total
0%
1987 1989 1991 1993 1994 1995 1996 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
Each sample point represents >100 respondents BSA. Population data from Eurostat
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19. Generations are very different...
“the government should spend more money on welfare benefits for the poor,
even if it leads to higher taxes”
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
1987 1989 1991 1993 1994 1995 1996 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
Pre war (before 1945) Baby boomers (1945-1965) Generation x (1966-1979) Generation y (1980-2000)
Each sample point represents >100 respondents BSA. Population data from Eurostat
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20. “Benefits for unemployed people are too low and cause
hardship” - % agree
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
83 84 85 86 87 89 90 91 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11
Pre war (born before 1945) Baby Boomers (born 1945-65) Generation X (born 1966-1979)
Generation Y (born 1980-) Overall:
Source: BSA/NatCen. All data points represent>200 responses
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21. Pre-1945 generation have a consistently different, more positive
view of the NHS
How satisfied or dissatisfied would you say you are with the way in which the National
Health Service runs nowadays?
90%
Total % Satisfied
80%
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
83 84 86 87 89 90 91 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10
Pre War (born before 1945) Baby Boomers (born 1945-1965) Generation X (born 1966-1979) Generation Y (born 1980 onwards)
All data points represent > 200 responses Source: British Social Attitudes
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22. Younger generations pretty detached from welfare state overall
“How much do you agree or disagree that … the creation of the welfare state
is one of Britain's proudest achievements.”
80%
% % Agree/Strongly agree
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
@BobbyIpsosMORI
www.ipsos-mori-generations.com
0%
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
Pre war (before 1945) Baby boomers (1945-65) Generation x (1966-1979) Generation y (1980-2000)
All data points represent > 200 responses Source: British Social Attitudes
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23. A “hump” in giving...
Mind the Gap, CAF Sept 2012
All data points represent > 200 responses Source: British Social Attitudes
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24. Seen in generational pattern...
All data points represent > 200 responses Source: British Social Attitudes
© Ipsos MORI Version 1 | Public Mind the Gap, CAF Sept 2012

25. Three quick
observations...
1. Big
differences
between groups
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26. Iron-clad relationship between voluntary activity and
deprivation...
% of
England
respondents
65
60
55 Informal volunteering
50 in last 12 months
R² = 0.94
45
40
35 Formal volunteering in
last 12 months
30
R² = 0.95
25
20
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Least deprived Most deprived
IMD Deciles (England)
England c.8,700 adults aged 16+ (Citizenship Study 2009/10)
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27. 2. Involvement
≠ happiness
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28. There are lots of unhappy involved people…
Involved in decision-making bodies on local issues
Yes No
15% 85%
6% 9%
NOT a happy group…
CAN CANNOT - half the level of satisfaction
influence influence with council, half as likely to
decisions decisions feel informed, half as likely to
think views sought…
Source: Place Survey 2008/9
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29. 3. Civil society
organisations
have strengths
and weaknesses
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30. Charities and not for profits are more top-of-mind for
more emotive service attributes…
Some charities and some private companies receive funding from government to provide certain public
services, such as healthcare services, care for the elderly, services for disabled people etc. Other public
services are provided directly by public authorities such as the NHS or local councils. Of these three
types of service provider, which one do you think would be BEST at…
% Charities / NFP orgs % Private companies % Public authorities % Don't know
Understanding what service users need 37 16 30 17
Providing a caring and compassionate
53 11 18 17
service
Base: 1,001 British adults, 20-26 November 2009 Source: Ipsos MORI
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31. …attitudes to best provider for quality of service are
more mixed…
Some charities and some private companies receive funding from government to provide certain public
services, such as healthcare services, care for the elderly, services for disabled people etc. Other public
services are provided directly by public authorities such as the NHS or local councils. Of these three
types of service provider, which one do you think would be BEST at…
% Charities / NFP orgs % Private companies % Public authorities % Don't know
Providing a professional and reliable
21 29 30 19
service
Providing the best quality of service for the
29 27 25 20
money
Base: 1,001 British adults, 20-26 November 2009 Source: Ipsos MORI
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32. …and public sector seen as most able to decide priorities
Some charities and some private companies receive funding from government to provide certain public
services, such as healthcare services, care for the elderly, services for disabled people etc. Other public
services are provided directly by public authorities such as the NHS or local councils. Of these three
types of service provider, which one do you think would be BEST at…
% Charities / NFP orgs % Private companies % Public authorities % Don't know
Deciding exactly what type of service
25 16 39 20
should be provided
Uniformity as shorthand for fairness?
Base: 1,001 British adults, 20-26 November 2009 Source: Ipsos MORI
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33. Two nightmare scenarios...
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34. 70% of charitable organisations do not perceive any influence
from local statutory bodies ....
Taking everything into account, overall, how do the statutory bodies in your local
area influence your organisation’s success?
51%
19%
15%
9%
5%
1%
Very Positive Neither Negative Very Don’t
positive influence positive influence negative know / No
influence nor influence answer
negative
influence
Base: 48,939 charities and social enterprises in 149 Upper Tier English Local Authorities, Sep – Dec 2008
Source: Ipsos MORI / OCS NSCSE
www.nationalscse.com Survey conducted as NSTSO autumn 2008 – next wave autumn 2010 as NSCSE
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35. Conclusions
• Shaken security, huge concern for future
• But not led to greater collective feeling or action
• Slow aggregate decline masks bigger shifts between generations
• Context grew up in hugely important – generational patterns often
significant
• Huge variation in capacity by deprivation/disadvantage
• Involvement often doesn’t lead to happiness/fulfilment
• Civil society organisations have high trust/compassion, but
statutory should still decide
• Links between seem very limited, but is that an issue?
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Thank you
Bobby Duffy
Director Ipsos Social Research Institute,
November 2012
Visiting Senior Fellow, King’s College London
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