all information about italy.

1. ITALY

2. HISTORY
• Derived from term Italia, from Latin meaning
"land of young cattle”
• The bull was a symbol of the southern Italian
tribes during the Samnite Wars
• Italy was named after Italus, mentioned also by
Aristotle and Thucydides
• Italic tribes : Umbrians, Latins , Volsci, Samnites,
Celts and Ligures inhabited northern Italy
• Non-Indo-European heritage include the
Etruscans, the Elymians and Sicani in Sicily and
the prehistoric Sardinians.

3. ANCIENT ITALY
• 6th century- Byzantine Emperor Justinian I
reconquered Italy from Ostrogoths
• The invasion of Germanic tribes, the
Lombards late in the same century, reduced
the Byzantine presence to the Exarchate of
Ravenna and other lands in southern Italy.
• The Lombard reign of northern and central
Italy absorbed into the Frankish Empire by
Charlemagne in the late 8th century

4. MIDDLE AGE
• 8th and 7th centuries BC Greek colonies
established all along the coast of Sicily and the
southern part of the Italian Peninsula became
known as Magna Graecia
• The Phoenicians established colonies on the
coasts of Sardinia and Sicily.
• 17th to the 11th century BC Mycenaean
Greeks established contacts with Italy

5. • founded on 8th century BC, grew into a
colossal empire encompassing the whole
Mediterranean Sea
• 395 AD: the Western Roman Empire and the
Eastern Roman Empire
• The western part, under Franks, the Vandals,
the Huns, the Goths and other populations
• The eastern part became Roman legacy.

6. • 9th century- In the south, Sicily became an
Islamic emirate , thrived until the Normans
conquered it in the late 11th century, together
with most of the Lombard and Byzantine states of
southern Italy.
• In Sardinia, the former Byzantines provinces
became independent states known as giudicati,
island was under Genoese or Pisan control, until
the Aragonese conquered it in the 15th century.

7. Foreign domination
and Napoleonic Wars
• 17th–19th centuries: foreign rule
• 17th century-Plague in italy
• Napoleonic Wars in 18th century

8. Formation
• Unification
17 March 1861
• Republic
2 June 1946
• Prime minister

9. GEOGRAPHY

10. • Location: Southern Europe
• The boot-shaped Italian Peninsula
• lies between latitudes 35° and 48° N, and
longitudes 6° and 19° E
• area 301,230 km², 294,020 km² is land and
7,210 km² is water
• coastline and border of 7,600 km on the
Adriatic, Ionian, Tyrrhenian seas

11. NEIGHBOURING COUNTRIES
•

12. CLIMATE
• Highly diverse and , depending on location.
• Piedmont, Lombardy and Emilia-Romagna,
have humid continental or temperate climate.
• climate of the Po valley region is continental
with harsh winters and hot summers.
• The coastal regions have mild winters and
warm and dry summers.

13. MAJOR CITIES
• ROME: Capital city of Italy , largest and
most populous city, 2.8 million inhabitants.
The historic capital of the Roman Empire

14. • VENICE: famous for its canals & palaces built on
water. Venice is the Capital of the Veneto region
• population: 271,251.

15. • MILAN: One of the world capitals of design
and fashion and capital of the Lombardy
region.

16. • TURIN: Important industrial city
• a business and cultural centre in northern
Italy
• headquarter of the Fiat company.
• Population: 908,000 inhabitants.

17. • BOLOGNA: Capital city of the Emilia-Romagna
region.
• One of the top cities in Italy in terms of
quality of life

18. • FLORENCE: one of the most important
Renaissance architectural and art centers.
• Duomo and Baptistery are magnificent

19. MAJOR CITIES
RANK CITY POPUL. RANK CITY POPUL.
1 ROME 2761477 8 FLORENCE 371282
2 MILAN 1324110 9 BARI 320475
3 NAPLES 959574 10 CATANIA 293458
4 TURIN 907563 11 VENICE 270884
5 PALERMO 655875 12 VERONA 263964
6 GENOA 607906 13 MESSINA 242503
7 BOLOGNA 380181 14 PADUA 214198

20. INTERESTING FACTS
• The Santa Maria del Fiore cathedral
• ranks 84th in the world for ecological
sustainability.
• one of the world's largest producers of
renewable energy

21. • Italian Scuderia Ferrari is the oldest surviving
team in Grand Prix racing
• Italy won the 2006 FIFA World Cup
• currently the second most successful football
team in the world, after Brazil, having won
four FIFA World Cups.
• Genoa: Hometown of explorer Christopher
Columbus, composer Niccolò Paganini, actor
Vittorio Gassman.

22. • Milan's Bocconi University, ranked among the
top 20 best business schools in the world
• Forbes has ranked Bocconi no. 1 worldwide in
the specific category Value for Money
• It ranks no. 5 in Europe and no. 15 in the
world.
• La Sapienza University in Rome is Europe's
largest, with 140,000 students

23. • Mont Blanc - the highest point in Italy and the
European Union
• 14 volcanoes in Italy, three of which are
active: Etna , Stromboli and Vesuvius

24. • Most famous Indian politician i.e Mrs. Sonia
Gandhi is a native of Italy
• Birth place of pizza & pasta
• Red flower: secrecy
• Purple flower: bad luck
• Yellow flower : jealousy

25. POPULATION
• Italy has the fourth-largest population in the
European Union and the 23rd-largest population
worldwide with estimation of 60.6 million.
• The population density- 200 persons per sq km,
is the fifth highest in the European Union.
• About 68% of Italian population is classified as
urban contributed mainly by:
• Milan 7.4 million Rome 3.7million
• Naples 3.1million Turin 2.2 million

26. CULTURE

27. • Despite the political and social distinction of
regions, Italy's contributions to the cultural
and historical heritage of Europe and the
world is immense.
• Italy is home to the greatest number of
UNESCO World Heritage Sites and has rich
collections of world art, culture and literature
from many different periods due to
emigrations during Italian diaspora.
• 100,000 monuments of any sort.

28. LANGUAGES
• official language: Italian
• numerous dialects spoken all over the
country and some Italians cannot speak Italian
at all.
• FRIULIAN: one of the dialects
• a number of minority languages have co-
official status. French is co-official in the Valle
d’Aosta.
• German has the same status as that of French.

29. RELIGION
• Roman Catholic with mature Protestant and
Jewish communities and a
growing Muslim immigrant community

30. • 74% Italians believe in God, or a form of a
spiritual life force.
• 16% believe there is some sort of spirit or life
force.
• 6% do not believe that there is any sort of
spirit, God, or life force.

31. FAMILY VALUES
• The family: centre of the social structure and
provides a stabilizing influence for its
members.
• In the north nuclear family lives together
• In the south the extended family resides
together in one house.

32. ITALIAN STYLES
• Appearances matter in Italy
• Dress indicate social status, family's background
and education level
• First impressions are lasting impressions
• The concept of 'bella figura'
• Clothes are important to Italians.
•

33. ETIQUETTES & CUSTOMS
• MEETING ETIQUETTE

34. • GIFT GIVING ETIQUETTE

35. • DINING ETIQUETTE

36. BUSINESS ETIQUETTE
• Relationships & Communication
• Business Meeting Etiquette
• Dressing etiquette
• Business cards

37. ARCHITECTURE
• Broad and diverse architectural style.
• considerable architectural achievements
• Colosseum, the Milan Cathedral and Florence
cathedral, the Leaning Tower of Pisa and the
building designs of Venice.

38. FESTIVALS
• Nevada county Italian festival: 17& 18 sep
• Festa Italiana: 1st weekend of August
• The sicilian festival: 18th May

39. VISUAL ART
• Painting: a warmth of colour and light, as
shown in the works of Caravaggio and Titian
• Michelangelo, Leonardo da Vinci, Donatello
Botticelli, Fra Angelico,Caravaggio,Bernini,
Titian and Raphael
• The Last Supper& Mona Lisa

40. LITERATURE
• The Divine Comedy by poet Dante Alighieri
• Giovanni Boccaccio, Giacomo Leopardi,
Alessandro Manzoni, Torquato Tasso, Ludovico
Ariosto and Petrarch

41. THEATRE
• Italian theatre reveal Roman tradition
• Dramatists translate from the Greek.
• Seneca's Phaedra was based on Euripides
• The comedies of Plautus were direct
translations of Menander
• Travelling troupes amuse people in the form
of juggling, acrobatics and humorous plays

42. MUSIC role in
• classical music has played an important
Italian culture.
• Instruments like piano and violin, were invented
in Italy, and many of the prevailing classical music
forms such as the symphony, concerto, and
sonata were innovations of 16th and 17th
century.
• the birthplace of oper, founded in the early 17th
century, in cities such as Mantua and Venice.

43. • jazz has a strong foothold in Italy. Most
notable centers of jazz music in Italy include
Milan, Rome, and Sicily.
• Italian pop music is represented annually with
the Sanremo Music Festival which served as
inspiration for the Eurovision song contest,
and the Festival of Two Worlds in Spoleto.

44. CINEMA
• 1903 and 1908 :The Italian film industry born
three companies: the Società Italiana Cines,
the Ambrosio Film and the Itala Film
• The first Italian film was a few seconds long,
showing Pope Leo XIII giving a blessing to the
camera.
• After the war, Italian film widely recognised

45. SCIENCE
• Through the centuries, Italy has given birth to
some notable scientific minds
• Some are Leonardo da vinci , Galileo Galilei,
Enrico Fermi
• Nobel laureate Camillo Golgi discovered Golgi
complex received the Nobel Prize for his work

46. SPORTS
• long sporting tradition
• most popular sport: football
• Basketball and volleyball: next most popular
games
• It has also got strong traditions in cycling,
tennis, athletics, fencing, cycling, motorbiking
and rugby.

47. FASHION & DESIGN

48. History of Italian
fashion
• Italian fashion has a long
tradition, is regarded as one of
the most important in the
world.
• Most fashionable in Europe
• recognized as the cradle and
birthplace of the Renaissance

49. CLASSIC ITALIAN
For women
For men

50. Bridal Gowns And Wedding Dresses

51. • According to the 2009 Global Language
Monitor, Milan was nominated the true
fashion capital of the world.
• Major Italian fashion labels are Gucci, Prada,
Versace, Valentino, Armani, Dolce & Gabbana,
Missoni, Fendi, Moschino, Max Mara and
Ferragamo
• Vogue Italia- the fashion magazine.

52. • Prominent in the field of design basically
interior design, architectural design, industrial
design and urban design.
• Italy has produced some well-known furniture
designers, such as Gio Ponti and Ettore
Sottsass.
• The latest trends in footwears emerge from
italy only and then spread to whole of the
world.

53. CUISINE

54. ITALIAN FOODS
• history of Italian cooking
• Italian food has become famous all over the
world
• Its pasta based dishes and the use of cheese
• The food is mostly combined with sauces

55. List of Dishes and recipes
• Braciole
• Bruschetta
• Bresaola
• Crostini con condimenti misti
• Capicollo
• Culatello
• Curried Braised Rabbit stew
• Insalata caprese
• Insalata russa
• Mozzarelline fritte (fried small mozzarellas)

56. Soup and sauce recipes
• Acquacotta
• Bagna càuda
• Garmugia
• Ginestrata
• Minestrone
• Pasta e fagioli
• Sugo al Pomodoro
• Fonduta
• Grine Sauce

57. RICE DISHES
• Arancine di riso
• Basic Risotto
• Insalata di riso
• Pomodori col riso
• Risotto alla milanese or Risotto with saffron
• Risi e bisi
• Risotto con la lüganega
• Riso with schrimps
• Riso con piselli (risi e bisi)
• Riso alla toscana
• Riso al nero di seppia

58. Italian Desserts
Cake with Orange Peach jam tart with
Juice Amaretti
Pastiera Napoletana
Strawberry jam
tart
Zelten

59. Traditional Italian Biscuits
November Cenci Almond Biscuits
Biscuits
Chocolate Biscuits with
Carnival Balls Hazelnuts

60. SHOPPING CENTRES
• CAMPANIA: situated in Marcianise & started in
April 2003 by a company called Corio

61. • I GIGLI: Company’s largest shopping centre
and one of the most important in Italy ,
situated in Tuscany
• A bike sharing scheme is in operation
• electric car charge points in the car park

62. • PORTA DI ROMA: innovative & Europe’s
biggest shopping centre opened in July 2007
situated in Rome

63. • ROMA EST: one of the biggest shopping center
in Italy, placed outside the city of Rome but it
is quite easy to reach

64. • VULCANO BUONO: a shopping mall and
leisure center located in Nola. Inaugurated on
December 7, 2007 & designed by renowned
Italian architect Renzo Piano

65. EDUCATION

66. • public education is free and compulsory from
6 to 15 years of age and has a five-year
primary stage and an eight-year secondary
stage.
• an above-average output of scientific papers
as compared to 90 countries in world.

67. • 15 Italian universities ranked in the 2010 QS
World University Rankings
• two are ranked in the Top 200 of the world

68. • University of Bologna: oldest college

69. • Sapienza University of Rome

70. • The University of Padua

71. • Milan universities

72. • Other universities

73. TOURISM
• Italy is the fourth highest tourist earner, and
fifth most visited country in the world
• more than 43.2 million tourists a year visit the
country
• rich art, cuisine, history, fashion and culture,
its beautiful coastline and beaches, its
mountains, ancient monuments especially
those from the Greek civilization and Roman
civilization.

74. • Tourism is one of the fastest growing and most
profitable industrial sectors, with an estimated revenue
of $42.7 billion
• the first actual tourists to come to Italy were
aristocrats during the Grand Tour, in late 17th century,
and flourishing in the 18th century.
• Rome attracted thousands tourists from all over the
world which included most of the Mediterranean,
Northern Africa,England and the parts of the Middle
East
• Traders and merchants came to Italy from several
different parts of the world.

75. • Top attractions : Venice, Florence, Rome, Naples and Sicily
• By the 1850s, less-cultural visits began to be made, and
several tourists also came to Italy for its nature and
weather
• Ligurian coast around Venice, coastal Tuscany and the
Amalfi coast are popular.
• Capri, Ischia, Procida and Elba, and the Northern Lakes,
such as Lake Como, Lake Maggiore and Lake Garda

76. • Tourism remained very popular until the late-
1920s and early-1930s
• Economic depression & political instability
reduced the tourism rate
• Italian economic miracle and raised living
standards: increased tourism
• Cheap hotels
• Ski resorts & chalets were built

77. • Northwest Italy:
Turin, the manufacturing capital & Milan, the
business and fashion capital of the country
• NortheastItaly:
Venice,Verona,Vicenza, Padua, Trento, Bolzano, Bolo
gna, Ferrara, Piacenza
• Central Italy:
the world's best known landmarks such as
the Colosseum. Florence, Tuscany's most visited
city, nearby cities like Siena, Pisa, and Lucca also
have rich cultural heritages.

78. • SOUTHERN ITALY-
Apulia,Basilicata,Calabria,Campania & Molise.
• Naples
• Sicily- largest island in the country &famous
for its archaeology, seascape and
unique Sicilian cuisine
• Sardinia- Large island, 250 kilometers west of
the Italian coastline, includes beaches and
archaeological ruins

79. ECONOMY
• Economy changed from agriculture to industrial
state
• Seventh largest economy in the world
• Unemployment is around 8.4% in 2011 and is
forecast to remain around that level for years
• The major economy is constituted by-
• Corporation
• Transports
• Tourism

80. • Itlay has capitalist economy.
• Italy is member of the Group of Eight (G8)
industrialized nations.
• The country is also well-known for its
influential and innovative business economic
sector

81. CORPORATIONS
• Smaller number of global multinational
corporations.
• Large number of small and medium-sized
enterprises
• "industrial triangle" (Milan-Turin-Genoa)
• “Tuscan industrial triangle” (Florence-Prato-
Pistoia)

82. • country was the world's 7th largest exporter in
2009.
• Italy's major exports and companies by sector
are motor vehicles ,chemicals and
petrochemicals, electrical engineering, home
appliances, aerospace and defense
technologies, firearms , fashion; food
processing, sport and luxury vehicles ,yachts.

83. Trade partners
• Italy's closest trade ties are with the other
countries of the European Union, with whom
it conducts about 59% of its total trade. Its
largest EU trade partners, in order of market
share, are Germany (12.9%), France (11.4%),
and Spain (7.4%).

84. Trade relations with India
• Trade relations since 1929
• 1966- Indo Italy chamber of commerce & industry
established
• Italy is the fourth largest trading partner with
India
• India exports such items as textiles,chemicals ,
dyes , minerals such as iron ore , food products
• Italy exports machinery , oils , textile including
weaving , spinning machines
• An agreement signed regarding this

85. Tourism
• Fastest growing and profitable sector of the
national economy
• 43.7 million international tourist arrivals and
total receipts estimated at $42.7 billion.
• Fourth highest tourism earner and the fifth
most visited country in the world.
• Italy's most popular tourist attractions are the
Colosseum , the ruins at Pompeii , Florence &
Venice

86. Transport
• 2011: turnover of about 119.4 billion euros.
• Employment: 935,700 persons in 153,700 enterprises.
• National road network : 34,667,000 passenger cars
and 4,015,000 goods vehicles circulated
• National railway network : 16,287 km of which 69% is
electrified, 4,937 locomotives and railcars circulated
• National inland waterways network : 1,477 km of
navigable rivers and channels . 30 main airports and 43
seaports
• In 2005 Italy maintained a civilian air fleet of about
389,000 units and a merchant fleet of 581 ships

87. FOREIGN RELATIONS

88. TOP ITALIAN COMPANIES

89. ENEL UTILITIES
one of the largest European utility providers,
with a home base in Italy and subsidiaries in
Spain, Russia, Latin America and Eastern
Europe
produces, distributes and sells electricity and
gas all over Europe, North America and Latin
America

90. ENI OIL
an Italian multinational oil and gas company,
present in 70 countries, and currently Italy's
largest industrial company with a market
capitalization of 87.7 billion euros
• partner with ONGC and GAIL India

91. GENERALI GROUP INSURANCE
• founded in 1831 in Trieste, is one of the most
significant participants in the global insurance
and financial products market
• Now present in 40 Countries
• market shares in Germany, France, Austria,
Spain, Switzerland and Israel

92. INTESA SANPAOLO BANKING
• the top banking groups in the euro zone
• leader in Italy in all business areas (retail,
corporate and wealth management)
• 5,700 branches
• Subsidiaries in Central-Eastern Europe, Middle
East and North Africa with a network of more
than 1,700 branches

93. UNI CREDIT GROUP BANKING
• an Italy-based, pan-European banking
organization
• Subsidiaries in 22 countries
• Registered office in Rome
• Divisionsin London, Milan, Munich, Vienna,
Budapest and Warsaw

94. Italian companies operating
in India
• Fiat India
• Benetton India
• ST microelectronics
• Wellspun zucchi textiles
• Perfetti van melle india

95. HEALTH &CARE
• public healthcare system since 1978.Healthcare
account for more than 9.0% of GDP
• world's 2nd best healthcare system, and the
world's 3rd best healthcare performance
• 12th highest worldwide life expectancy
• Smoking in public places including bars,
restaurants, night clubs and offices has been
restricted to specially ventilated rooms since
2005.

96. MAJOR HEALTH CARE
SECTORS
• Aurelia Hospital
• Aventino Medical Group
• Bambino Gesu
• Grimaldi Medical Group
• Mundi International Hospital

97. SWOT ANALYSIS
STRENGTHS WEAKNESS
:5th largest industrial economy of world :Limited natural resources
:important member of G8 :Imports are high
: fashion hub : high public debts
:processing & manufacturing of goods :expensive labour
Leading exporter in apparel trade :high crime zone
OPPORTUNITIES THREATS
:World’s 4th largest gold reserve :uncertainity in retail sector
:Better relations with India, U.S , China :economic division between northern &
:Import of energy for processing & southern Italy
manufacturing :low production rate of apparels
:Oracle & Microsoft has started it’s :security & potential threats from
operation in the country terrorists & other gangs

98. ITALY AT A GLANCE
• Capital city: Rome
• Republic day: 2nd June
• National flag: Tri coloured flag
• National animal: Italian Wolf
• National flower: white lily or poppy
• National anthem: Carto de italiana
• National bird: bluebird
• National game: football
• Currency: Euro(56.69 indian rupees)