1. HUNTING & GATHERING SOCIETY
(Domestication of plants & animals)
Social Change:
HORTICULTURAL & PASTORAL SOCIETY
(Invention of the Plow)
Social Revolutions
AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY
(Invention of the Steam Engine)
INDUSTRIAL SOCIETY
(Invention of the Microchip)
POSTINDUSTRIAL/INFORMATION SOCIETY
2. Industrial Revolution
& Capitalism
Simple way of life before capitalism;
sharing communal land
England, 1500s – Enclosure Movement
Surplus of labor helps lead to capitalism
Protestant Work Ethic = prosperity as a sign of
salvation helps propel capitalism
3. Weber’s Ideal Types
of Modernization
Gemeinschaft Gesellschaft
Simple Complex
Similar Diverse
Small Large
Rural Urban
Extended families Nuclear families
Reciprocity Competition
Traditional Modern
(chart on pg 654 of textbook)
4. Theories of Social
Change
Evolutionary Theories
Unilinear Cultural
Progress
Multilinear
Natural Cycles
Conflict over Power (Marx)
Thesis ≠ Antithesis Synthesis
Ogburn’s Theory
Invention
Discovery Cultural Lag
Diffusion
5. Social Movements
Goal is Social Change
Examples: Civil Rights Mvmt, Women’s Rights
Mvmt, White Supremacist Mvmt,
Environmental Mvmt
Spread movement’s message via mass media
Use propaganda to influence others to follow
the cause
Propaganda is sociologically used as a neutral term
6. The Environment
Most pollution comes from Most Industrialized
Nations
Industrialization
Not properly disposing of harmful waste
Environmental Injustice – minorities and poor
are most likely to be affected by pollution
Factories are built on cheap land
NIMBY for upper & middle class neighborhoods
Most Industrialized Nations can outsource
disposal of harmful waste
China now produces more pollution than the
US
7. Sociology & the
Environment
Environmental Movement
Environmental Sociology
focus on the relationship between societies and the
environment
Goal is to study how humans affect the environment
and vice versa, NOT to stop pollution, nuclear power,
etc
Physical
Extracting Ecological limit on
resources problems economic
growth
