3 Great Networks & Switches Whiteboard 2016
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Negotiating: It's two pit bulls locked in a room and one is going to be forced to roll over. Ick. That mentality is not only outdated, but will get you nowhere. That's because, frankly, baring teeth and barking the loudest doesn't have the power it might seem to when bargaining. When deal making gets tense, no one ever wants to back down. The savviest negotiators take nothing personally; they are impervious to criticism and impossible to fluster. And because they seem unmoved by the whole situation and unimpressed with the stakes involved, they have a way of unnerving less-experienced counterparts. This can be an effective weapon when used against entrepreneurs, because entrepreneurs tend to take every aspect of their businesses very personally. Entrepreneurs often style themselves as frank, no-nonsense individuals, and they can at times have thin skin. But whenever you negotiate, remember that it pays to stay calm, to never show that an absurdly low counter-offer or an annoying stalling tactic has upset you. Use your equanimity to unnerve the person who is negotiating with you. And if he or she becomes angry or peeved, don't take the bait to strike back. Just take heart: You've grabbed the emotional advantage in the situation. Now go close that deal.
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3 Great Networks & Switches Whiteboard 2016
- 1. Why? Extreme (20 years experience) Why?
- 2. Why Choose Switching Technology? Y exceeds your need Z exceeds your need X exceeds your need Z Latency Y TCAM X ports fn(x,y,z) What If? Then? Simple Repeatable (Fit with Platform Design Equity) Control (Broad based Policy, Analytics & Security) User Experience (Fast, Invisible & Mobile) Good Fast Cheep
- 3. Great Networks are Built like “a great candy bar”. Caution: Extreme Metaphor
- 4. Speed with Features Metro QoS “like ATM” Flexible “stacking” Thin CrunchyFit Speed Opex A a D D XoS Platform with Broadcom
- 5. Apps Thick & Chewy Aa user exp. Simplicity w Policy (Netsite, NAC & Purview) Wired and Wireless 100% insourced support Who, what, when, Where not Phys. D D Flow Based Switching / One Fabric Policy Control
- 6. ! Bus D D user exp. Fit Speed Policy Control Today you get both! Plus a new Approach Yesterday - Cabletron Changed the game w Structured wiring (remember Vampire taps, Coax Ethernet ect.) Today - Structured networking Keeping the lights on! Opex A a
- 7. Shouldn’t call it just a switch! What does a switch do? Isolates traffic (collisions) Extending segments(Reach) Diagnostics (Structure) Caution: Extreme Metaphor
- 8. Thinking inside the box Before (Line-rate w features turned on) Now (Lossless data transmission) Fast Path TCAM CPU & Memory Slow Path Fast path Slow path
- 9. Network OS To Bare Metal 1997-2004 Pioneering L3 Switching 2004-2010 merchant silicon 2011-2015 Automation Extreme Ware XoS Enterprise Metro Utility/ White Box Data Center Revenues Bandwidth Demand for Packet-Based Services Competitive Pressures Time Quantity OpEx CapEx
Editor's Notes
- Where Does Networking Fit In? To gain the full benefits of cloud computing and virtualization and achieve a business agile IT infrastructure, organizations need a reliable, high-performance data center networking infrastructure with built-in investment protection. Several technology inflection points are coming together that are fundamentally changing the way networks are architected, deployed and operated both in the public cloud as well as the private cloud. From performance, to scale, to virtualization support and automation to simplified orchestration, the requirements are rapidly changing and driving new approaches to building data center networks. With Extreme Networks, IT can manage more with less. Automated intelligence and analytics for compliance, forensics, and traffic patterns translates into reduced help desk calls. Businesses can predict costs and return on investment, and increase employee productivity by securely onboarding BYOD, increasing both customer and employee satisfaction. A constant risk to the network, and ultimately the hospital, are unapproved applications and rogue devices that may appear on the network and either permit unauthorized access or interfere with other devices. A means to monitor all devices and applications that operate across the network is vital. Just as important are the audit and reporting capabilities necessary to report on who, what, where, when, and how patient data is accessed. What is SDN? What software-defined networking really means has evolved dramatically and now includes automation and virtualization. Hardware is still a critical component in data center networking equipment, but the influence of switch software shouldn’t be overlooked. When everyone began to get excited about SDN a few years ago, we thought of it as only one thing: the separation of network control from network data packet handling. Traditional networks had already started down this path, with the addition of controller cards to manage line cards in scalable chassis-based switches, and with various data center fabric technologies. SDN took the idea to its logical end, removing the need for the controller and the packet handlers to be on the same backplane or even from the same vendor. Cost. Reducing costs in the data center and contributing to corporate profitability is an increasingly important trend in today’s economic climate. For example, energy costs for the data center are increasing at 12% a year. Moreover, increased application requirements such as 100% availability necessitate additional hardware and services to manage storage and performance thus raising total cost of ownership.
- In today’s Experience Economy, networks must provide a great user experience meeting each individual’s personal expectation. Users do not care about what happens behind the scenes to make everything work; in fact, users don’t even consider it until something breaks. People living in today’s Experience Economy care about simply connecting to a video, where the network is smart enough to remember who they are without a lot of hassle connecting, and then providing a blisteringly fast connection so that there is no interruption to the video stream. Think about what makes you happy when connecting with your own device and then think about what makes you really upset when things are hard, complicated, and slow. If the user has a bad experience in anyone of these areas (simple, fast, and smart), they are likely to leave, share their negative experience, and potentially never return. Performance - Separation between control and forwarding planes - The "SDN Classic" model, as illustrated by this graphic from the Open Networking Foundation, offers many potential benefits: In the forwarding plane all switching, and feature implementation such as deep packet inspection , QoS scheduling, MAC learning and filtering, etc are performed in dedicated ASIC hardware Wire speed performance across entire product line (Backplane resources, packet /frame forwarding rate, Bits per second throughput) Local switching on all line cards at no additional cost ,increasing throughput and reducing latency. Dedicated stacking interfaces, and stacking over fiber. Low latency with Exceptional QoS We build networks to deliver on today’s Experience Economy. Extreme Networks combines high performance wired and wireless hardware with a software-defined architecture that makes it simple, fast and smart for the user to connect with their device of choice. We provide a comprehensive portfolio, including Campus Mobility and Data Center solutions, which allow our customers to deliver a positive and consistent experience to each and every user in their environment. As SDN excitement grew, the term software-defined was adopted by marketers and applied liberally to all kinds of products and technologies: software-defined storage, software-defined security, software-defined data center.
- You’re looking to develop and run a reliable, high performing network to support your company’s business goals. But the demands on your network are rapidly increasing as new technologies are being introduced, and users have higher-than-ever expectations for their network experience. These numbers tell a story about the challenges this increasing complexity brings into your world. Extreme Networks Recognized as a Visionary in the 2015 Gartner Magic Quadrant for the Wired and Wireless LAN Access Infrastructure. According to Gartner, "a vendor in the Visionaries quadrant demonstrates an ability to increase features in its offering to provide a unique and differentiated approach to the market. Visionaries will have innovated in one or more of the key areas of access layer technologies within the enterprise (for example, convergence, security, management or operational efficiency). The ability to apply differentiating functionality across the entire access layer will affect their position." "Many of our customers across multiple industries around the world rely on the expertise of Gartner in their evaluations of technologies and vendors. We are thrilled to be recognized and positioned the furthest in the Visionaries Quadrant of Gartner's annual Wired and Wireless LAN Magic Quadrant, a move that we believe highlights our commitment to providing our customers with a broad range of high quality, software-driven wired and wireless solutions. We feel Gartner recognizes Extreme's strength in optimizing the access layer for enterprises considering an all wireless office which we believe further validates our focus on supporting the needs of the mobile enterprise." Michelle McKenna-Doyle, SVP & CIO, National Football League "We chose Extreme Networks for our in stadium wireless provider because they were visionary and creative on how to solve our unique demands. Extreme backs-up these attributes with great service and teamwork to help ensure their implementations are successful. Gartner is an important part of our assessment process when making technology decisions."
- Consider the evolution of the very concept of converged networks: 10 years ago, it was all about transmission, voice, video and data over the same pipe. Remember ATM? In 1995 ATM was the only way to get to a converged network? At that same time Extreme opened their doors and came with a revolutionary vision: “Ethernet & IP Everywhere”. Or convergence is independent of the technology underneath. In other words you didn’t need a technology specifically designed for convergence. Today nobody is questioning the role of Ethernet and IP as the generic carrier anymore. The advancements in science and technology have never been so much about "why" as they have been about "why not" and "how far". The march toward Terabit Ethernet will clearly lead to many of the advances discussed here and most likely many others that today we cannot even fathom. Why we win – features and other advantages we that have enabled us to win. I also want us to share stories. Not just the stories that I will share with you but hopefully the stories that you will share with this audience. I would like each of you to think about recent wins you have had that you would like to share. Converged communications are transforming businesses, enabling them to work more productively, more cost-efficiently, more responsively and creatively and driving an evolution in business operations. Entirely new business models are being developed out of a company’s ability to leverage their converged network to take them where their competition can’t go. “Convergence isn’t limited to running everything on a single network, that’s the first step. It means linking applications with the goal of having business processes – in real time – figure out who, where, when and how.” Avaya has recognized the importance of applications and acted on it: today the Avaya Communication Manager is their crown jewel in their portfolio. However, using convergence in its broadest sense requires growing sophistication and extraordinary new demands on the network, building on emerging technologies and strategic concepts from the networking environment. And that’s why the partnership between Avaya, as leader in IP-Telephony, and Extreme, as leader in open converged networks, is so powerful. We have some fierce competitors out there. But we are now poised to challenge them better than ever Based on some of our recent wins, which we will talk about and share today and also some of the new analyst reports, we have some strong indication that we are in a much better position to challenge our competitors and win better than ever before. Remember the days before more rigorous change management, when maintenance windows were more loose goosey? Technologists would be infinitely patient with whatever upgrade they were doing, instead of backing it out when things weren't going well. "Let me just try one more time. It'll work this time." The maintenance window would stretch out, and all of a sudden you were in unplanned outage land.
- Our secret sauce – OneFabric Control Center - To achieve what this slide does, our competitors‘ solution will be 2X to 3X the complexity with disparate tools. Our solution is TRULY integrated for both wired and wireless. Deployable for private and public cloud environments. Align with mega trends shaping the market: Cloud, Mobile and of Couse with Isaac, Social as well. This paper addresses a fundamental problem in resource management for flow-based hybrid switching systems. Such systems aim at efficient transport of layer-3 connectionless IP traffic over layer-2 connection-oriented switching fabrics. One idea behind flow-based hybrid switching is to decompose individual IP packet streams into flows and then to classify them into short-lived and long-lived flows. What is Flow-Based Switching? A Flow is a uni-directional conversation between end devices Described by as many of the following contained in the packet (L2) – SA, DA, Port, VLAN, EtherType (L3) – adds SIP, DIP, Protocol, TOS/DSCP (L4) – adds L4 Source, L4 Destination Packet Processor operates at either L2, L3 or L4 depending on switch configuration Provides context for network traffic Who, Where, What So What?- Every unique flow can be counted and controlled! Question, Why are you calling L2 MAC forwarding switching? Several decades ago we did one of 3 things to a packet, repeated it (frame was not touched), Bridged it (L2 MAC forwarding), or Routed it (L3 forwarding followed by L2 forwarding). The term switch is a “marketing” term that really just talks about a multiport Bridge in my opinion, and we have had those for many, many years.
- Founded in 1996, Extreme Networks has almost two decades of experience in the networking industry. On November 1, 2013, Extreme Networks acquired Enterasys, which originated in 1983 as Cabletron Systems. The combined companies bring almost 50 years of experience to the company. The new Extreme Networks sets a clear new standard for networks and customer experience with differentiated products and solutions across a broad portfolio, R&D investments to accelerate high-performance networking solutions for our customers and best-in-class customer service and support. You need to take a new approach - To position your network as a strategic business asset, you need to streamline your day-to-day management, and unify your network into a single, consolidated system that reduces maintenance and easily interoperates with third-party technologies. You also need to be able to easily scale your wired and wireless capacity to support the density your organization requires as your business grows, and your application load increases. Your network has likely evolved over time, and is pieced together from different vendors, or different products from the same vendor. Each one of these pieces likely has its own unique management console, so you can’t get a single, consolidated view of users, devices, and applications on your network. You’re using your limited time and resources just to meet your day-to-day operation requirements of keeping the lights on: managing, protecting, and adapting your network to the changing needs of your business. When will I hear more about the portfolio changes? In the coming months, you will see the following roadmap items: Cloud and Annuity-based management offerings for our wired and wireless switching platforms Easier to use and more flexible SW offerings Updates and Upgrades to our switching portfolio offerings More flexible next generation switching platforms that enable rapid feature enhancement and value added offerings Enhanced customer support and serviceability capabilities Expanded Value added SW services including: user engagement, monetization and SDN offerings in addition to analytics, policy and reporting And his company does have something special to offer in the Ethernet space: low cost of ownership and a rich feature set make Extreme a compelling alternative to solutions from Cisco or Brocade Communications Systems in many cases. Moreover, Extreme's focus on just one piece of the datacenter ecosystems can be attractive to clients who don't want to get locked in to a single company from server to extranet, which is where everyone else is moving these days through acquisitions.
- Ethernet switching hit the market only 20 years ago, when Kalpana introduced the concept with its seven-port bridge.. Kalpana started Ethernet switching with Cut-through switches. These switches begin forwarding the frame as soon as the switch has read the destination address. A cut through switch will forward the data before it has completed receiving the frame. These switches will function at wire speed, forwarding traffic as fast as it receives it. Nearly all cut-through switches have no RAM buffers for storing frames. As a result, switches eliminated collisions which is the mechanism used by Ethernet to control access and allocate shared bandwidth among stations (Kalpana's first EtherSwitch debuted for $10,500). Early on Layer 2 switches which used MAC addresses to make the switching connection. Later on Extreme introduce L3 intelligence for equally fast to look up an IP address. Today the product name switch is a marketing term rather than a technical one. Shouldn’t call it just a switch! The 1st and best example of a switch is an operator at a cord board. The operator provide the switching functionality while the cardboard delivered the connection or the circuit. The operator was the controller of the traffic she made all the decisions. For sake of this discussion she represented the slow path of the switching function while the cardboard represented the fast path. What changed with today’s switching technology is that we continually move more and more decision making into the fast path. The vehicle for moving intelligence to the fast path is advanced ASIC development. When a call is received, a jack lamp lights up on the back panel and the operator responds by placing the rear cord into the jack and throwing the front key forward. The operator now converses with the caller and finds out where the caller would like to be connected to. If it is another extension, the operator places the front cord in the associated jack and pulls the front key backwards to ring the called party. After connecting, the operator leaves both cords "up" with the keys in the normal position so the parties can converse. The supervision lamps light to alert the operator when the parties finish their conversation and go on-hook. When the operator pulls down a cord, a pulley weight behind the switchboard pulls it down to prevent it from tangling. On a trunk, on-hook and off-hook signals must pass in both directions. In a one-way trunk, the originating or A board sends a short for off-hook, and an open for on-hook, while the terminating or B board sends normal polarity or reverse polarity.
- Deterministic performance is having the switch perform at par whether you have one user with no Ethernet features or thousands of users with thousands of features. All switches have CPUs and Memory, just like your PC. Deterministic performance would mean that you can turn on your PC, open 4 browsers (2 Explorer, 2 Firefox etx..) and download songs from Itunes, while Streaming a live video, watching a DVD, while sending receiving emails, and editing a 80 slide power point. The reality is that your PC might be able to do all of that, and if it does, it will all be very slow. PCs use memory (Slow Path) to handle transaction as do the majority of Ethernet Switches. FAST PATH - Packet forwarding path that flows only through “hardware” or ASICs. Fast path traffic is characterized by very fast packet forwarding rates (millions of packets per second) and very low latency. SLOW PATH - Packet forwarding path that flows through the system CPU. Slow path traffic characterized by low packet forwarding rates (thousands of packets per second) and higher latency. ASIC’s are intended to perform a single well defined function to provide scalability and performance. The key word is well defined requirements. The blind store and forward mechanism of the switch (which is a non-data-intensive operation) enabled vendors to choose ASIC architecture. Classic switching operates at layer2 (MAC layer) of the TCP/IP stack in the networking model. The switch needs to blindly forward packets just by reading the control information of the IP packet without touching the data portion of the packet. This requires the switch to do a basic parsing of the control information for packet forwarding which is not very process intensive. The function is very clearly defined and ASIC is the best solution as it is tailored to perform a single customized function in the most efficient manner. As such switches could offer enterprise class performance by adopting ASIC as the basic framework. In comparison, a CPU initial goal is to support a generic enough processes that can perform myriad of functions within a switch. So the CPU function and design is loosely coupled with the function. Instead of host-based or flow-based approaches, any next-generation switch should have the more sophisticated LPM lookup engine built into the ASIC.
- As vendors continue to tout networking architectures that decouple software from hardware, bare-metal switches are moving into the spotlight. These switches are built on merchant silicon that may provide fewer features than proprietary chips but enable a lower-cost and more flexible switching alternative. White box switches are poised to be open enough to allow network vendors and users to choose their network operating system, depending on their organization's needs. Taking advantage of the network switch vendor investment in developing the fastest, most capable switching fabric and matched optimized operating system will be the only way to guarantee the best possible performance from your networking infrastructure. White box switches refers to the ability to use ‘generic,’ off-the-shelf switching and routing hardware, in the forwarding plane of a software-defined network (SDN). White box switches are really just that – ‘blank’ standard hardware. They represent the foundational element of the commodity networking ecosystem required to enable organizations to pick and choose the elements they need to realize their SDN objectives. White box switches rely on an operating system (OS), which may come already installed or can be purchased from a software vendor and loaded separately, to integrate with the deploying organization’s Layer 2/Layer 3 topology and support a set of basic networking features. A common operating system for white box switches is Linux-based because of the many open and free Linux tools available that help administrators customize the devices to their needs. Traditional switches and routers generate and maintain their own forwarding and routing tables that can, generally speaking, broadcast to neighboring switches and routers. However, white box switching devices sometimes lack this intelligence. Facebook's Open Compute project was designed to share more efficient server and data center designs with the IT industry. Learn how the project is incorporating open switches into its initiative and the impact this is having on Linux-based networking. During a media roundtable on the Open Compute switch initiative this week, Facebook shared bare-metal switch designs submitted by Intel Corp., Broadcom Corp. and Mulanix Technologies.