Khim (Thai dulcimer) in Thai culture.

1. The Khim in Thai Culture
Jintana T. Barton
Chulalongkorn University
Bangkok, Thailand

2. Khim is from 琴 /qin/
Chinese Fujian dialect

3. The Kind of Khim in
Thailand
 Khim Thai
(Thai-style dulcimer)
Khim Chin
(Chinese-style dulcimer -
Yangqin)

4. Khim Thai
Thai-style dulcimer

5. Khim Chin
(Chinese-style dulcimer -Yangqin)

6. Development of Khim
in Thailand

7. Shape of Sound box
 Butterfly shape
 Irregular rectangle shape
 Oval shape

8. Butterfly shape

9. Irregular rectangle shape

10. Oval shape (Fancy Khim)

11. The Bridge of Thai Khim
Two bridges with 7, 9,11, 15, 20 notes

12. The Bridge of Thai Khim
Two bridges with 7 notes

13. The Bridge of Thai Khim
Two bridges with 9 notes

14. The Bridge of Thai Khim
Two bridges with 11notes

15. Stainless strings 15 notes

16. Contemporary Thai Khim
(Chromatic Khim)

17. The design
on
Khim’s sound box

18. Mother of pearl in laid

19. Photo and name on the box

20. Lacquer and gold

21. Lacquer and gold

22. Grain of Teak wood

25. Sound hole

26. Name and surname

28. ‘Phalee’ a character in
Ramayana

29. Celestial musician

30. Materials that make sound of Khim
 Stringed-Khim
 Metal Plated Khim
 Tube Khim

31. Stringed-Khim
(Steel, brass, aluminium)

32. Metal Plated Khim

33. Tube Khim

34. Music notation of Thai
Khim
 Thai alphabet
 Arabic number

35. Thai alphabet

36. ลาวครวญLaos-Kruan
ม ดร - ด - ม ร ร ร
---- -ซ - - - - ซล
- ด- ด - ม ร ดร ม ร ร
ซ -ด ร มซม ร ด - ร
- - - ซ - ซ - ซลซ - ซ - ล - - - - - - - - (:
-ม

37. ลาวครวญLaos-Kruan
1 60-6-10 00
---------3 - - - -34
-10601 0 0
3 -6 013106-0
- - -3-3-343-3-4 - - - - - - - - (:
-1

41. Solo

42. Two Khim solo

47. The Khim in Thai culture
 ‘Khim’ in Thai – dictionary
 ‘Khim’ in Thai novel – Kuukarm

48. Khim as a popular Thai name
 Nick name
 First name
Khim-on ( )
Khim-kha ( )
Khim-thong ( )

49. Khim in Thai Music
Thai classical music
Khim as a Thai
classical music
instrument
 Thai classical music-
string ensemble
 Solo for Khim
Lao Pan
Phya Sok
Nok Khamin
Khaek Mon

50.  Khim as Thai melodis’ name
 Chin Khim-yai (Chinese big dulcimer)
 Chin Khim-lek (Chinese little dulcimer)
 Khim as a major for music degree in
university

51. Khim in Thai Contemporary Music
The Khim is played in
many occasions by the band,
including folk music,
popular music and green
music (The music for
relaxing, healing, soothing,
and meditation) such as:
The Spell of Whispering
by Chamrat Sewataporn

52. Khim in many special projects
The butterfly shaped Khim is in the Thai
Community Product Standard project. This
project is a responsibility of the Ministry of
Industry with the aim to upgrade the quality of
community products to a national and
international level. The Khim is now a
recognized national standard product.

53. Entrance Examination
 “Middle school Entrance
Examination through Music
Ability Admission Project”
 “University Entrance
Examination through Sport
and Art Special Ability
Admission Project”

54. Music Competition
 “Thailand Eastern Region Thai
classical music Competition”
 “Set-trade Youth music Contest”
 “Thailand Sorn-Thong Thai
Classical Music Competition”

55. Khim in Today‟s Public Affairs
 Today the Khim is a musical
instrument that has become common
as public entertainment.
 It represents Thai classical music in
the mind of the general public and
we found that the Khim is performed
in many public places.

56. Thai restaurant

57. Lobby of five star hotel

58. Perform in the Mall as Thai classical music

59. In the mall

60. Teaching and Learning Khim
in Thai society
 For a professional (as a career)
 For a hobby
 For special purpose (goal)
 Learn how to play the Khim to use as a sideline and part
time job during their studies and work abroad

61. Khim class for hyperactive child
or special child
 The Baan Keng khim music school has a
special Khim class for hyperactive children.
 The report said that the hyperactive children
had better concentration and improved moods,
because they seem to relax and develop a
peaceful mind during their practice.

62. The Media of Teaching
and Learning Khim
in Thai society

63. Video CD for learning
how to play Khim

64. Today khim is a
popular musical
instrument for Thai
children to start to
learn Thai classical
music.

65. Thai society has adopted a Chinese-style
dulcimer. Yangqin was also imported from China
however this kind of Khim is usually learned by
Chinese descendents who wish to participate in
traditional Chinese music groups such as the
Chauzhou string ensemble for opera, Buddhist music.
It is used more often for formal Chinese cultural
music than is the traditional Thai style „Khim‟.

66. Many countries in Southeast Asia have
adopted the Khim from China, including
Malaysia, Singapore, Cambodian and Thailand.
We found that only Thailand has
adopted, adapted, modified and developed the
Khim into a uniquely Thai style instrument and
method of performance.

67. Khim in Thailand is not only musical
instrument, but it also can reflect Thai
culture.
Khim has become an unofficial
national musical symbol for Thailand

68.  The Khim (Dulcimer) is a musical instrument
of the world not just China and Thailand.
 It has many forms and variations of design,
style and use around the world.
 The Khim will continue to develop and change
as it has been shown by the evolution of the
dulcimer from a Chinese instrument into the
Thai Khim.

70. Thank you
Good-bye