2.mbh

Mindfulness and Breathing
Based Healing (MBH)
A Part of Dr. Sahdev’s ‘Breathe and Heal’ Therapy (DSBH Therapy)

Pranayama and Dhyana
1. Pranayama: The Yogic Science of Breathing, and
2. Dhyana: The Science od Meditation
 These two are the greatest healing tools which Yoga has given to the
world.
 Though none of the eight steps can be overlooked in pursuit of
perfection, out of the eight important steps in the eight-step ladder
of Ashtanga Yoga, these two are more immediately relevant from
health point of view.

Mindfulness
 Essentially a stepping stone to meditation
 Pranayama is dynamic meditation and mindfulness is inherent in Pranayama
 Mindfulness and breathing are inseparable – there cannot be any
mindfulness without taming the breath, and there is no Pranayama, or
breathing exercise, which can happen without mindfulness.

A case for MBH
Why another program when there many other,
well-established-ones already out there?
Because…
 MBH introduces you to procedures In a logical sequence.
 It makes use of breathing as well as meditative techniques to get the
desired result of positive health.
 There is no other major program right now which offers the benefits
of these techniques together.
 At more advanced levels, and as per need, MBH also includes use of
mudras, kriyas and other elements of Yoga. That makes it a very
complete program directed solely at one single purpose : to make you
healthier in body, mind and spirit.

The purpose of this therapeutic program is to
produce healthy individuals –
in body, mind , spirit and social skills.

To produce healthy individuals in body,
mind , spirit and social skills...
 Having been a physician for better part of last three decades, the
teaching given in Hippocratic Oath that ‘First of all, do no harm!’, is
too deeply ingrained in my psyche.
 So, every care and caution has been taken to keep this journey
absolutely safe for you.
 The safety standards of this program are totally unrivalled!

Ashtanga Yoga
 As we know, Ashtanga Yoga has the following eight steps:
1. Yamas – the don’ts
2. Niyamas – the do’s
3. Asanas – Yoga postures
4. Pranayama – the Yoga science of breathing
5. Pratyahara – sense withdrawal
6. Dharna – concentration/ focus
7. Dhyana – meditation
8. Samadhi – meditative absorption

Ashtanga Yoga – the eight steps
 Out of the eight steps, the first three, namely Yamas, Niyamas and
Asanas are for the physical body;
 the last four, namely, Pratyahara, Dharna, Dhyana and Samadhi, are
for the mental or the spiritual upliftment.
 The fourth step, Pranayama, is for all – physical, mental and spiritual
health; as documented later, even according to the Vedas, Pranayama
is capable of addressing any and all ailments – physical or otherwise.
 Moreover, it is said to provide the bridge between the physical and
the mental/ spiritual realms.

Knowledge is potential power, and making proper
use of this wisdom just makes sense.
Experience has shown that this is the way it works
the best – first the physical body and then mental/
spiritual realm!
So, why put the cart before the horse? It might
work, but either it will not get you the desired,
complete results, or will have repercussions in the
long run.

MBH blends these valuable techniques
in accordance with Yoga wisdom and, if
past experience with these techniques
is any indication, is bound to get you
better results!

Mindfulness
 Mindfulness is the compassionate effort to live in the
moment
 It is an exercise of the mind - a mental state achieved by
focusing one’s awareness on the present moment, while
calmly acknowledging and accepting one’s feelings,
thoughts, and bodily sensation.
 It means maintaining a moment-by-moment awareness of
our thoughts, feelings, bodily sensations, and surrounding
environment.

Mindfulness (contd.)
 This is a very simple form of meditation that was little
known to the West until very recently.
 Breath Awareness Meditation is a typical example which
consists of focusing your full attention on your breath as it
flows in and out of your body.
 This allows you to observe your thoughts as they arise in
your mind and, with practice, to let go of your struggling
with them

 You come to realise that you are separate from
your thoughts.
 You can watch as they appear and disappear in
your mind.
 You come to understand that thoughts and
feelings are transient. They come and they go.
 Ultimately, you have a choice about whether to
act on them or not.

 Mindfulness involves acceptance, meaning that
we pay attention to our thoughts and feelings
without judging them—without believing, for
instance, that there’s a “right” or “wrong” way to
think or feel in a given moment.
 Mindfulness is about observation without
criticism; being compassionate with yourself.

 When unhappiness or stress hover overhead, rather than taking it all
personally, you learn to treat them like black clouds in the sky, and to
observe them with friendly curiosity as they drift past.
 In essence, mindfulness allows you to catch negative thought patterns
before they tip you into a downward spiral.
 When we practice mindfulness, our thoughts tune into what we’re
sensing in the present moment rather than dwelling in the past or
imagining the future. It begins the process of putting you back in
control of your life.

The difference between
Mindfulness and Meditation?

Mindfulness vs Meditation
 Essentially, Mindfulness is a very simple form of meditation.
 This is a stepping stone to more elaborate meditative techniques.
 A full-fledged meditation is much more elaborate and demanding, you
have to intentionally set aside time to do it.
 Mindfulness is more a general awareness of the world but can be a formal
meditation practice too.
 Meditation and Mindfulness overlap in Vipashyana or Vipasana or
mindfulness meditation, which is one of the more popular types of
meditation.

Roots of Mindfulness
and Meditation

Roots of Mindfulness and Meditation
 The concept of mindfulness comes from Vipasana
meditation, which is a Pali derivative of Vipashyana, the
Sanskrit name for this meditation.
 Along with other techniques from Vedas, the apaurusheya (divine) sacred
texts, arguably, from 1700 BCE, Vipashyana Meditation is another ancient
Indian meditation technique which has been around for thousands of years.
 Vipashyana is a Sanskrit word which literally means to see deeply. A synonym
for “Vipashyana" is pratyakṣha (Sanskrit) or paccakkha (Pāli), `before the
eyes`, which refers to direct experiential perception.
 Thus, the type of seeing denoted by “vipashyana" is that of direct perception,
as opposed to knowledge derived from reasoning or argument.

(contd.)
 A Hindu prince of Shakya clan in East India, borne around
6 BCE, Siddartha Gautam, got enlightenment at the age of
35 years while meditating under Bodhi tree in the present
day city of Bodh Gaya in Bihar, and became Budha, the
enlightened one.
 So, Vipashyana meditation had been around for at least,
again, arguably, 1700 years before Budha got
enlightenment.
 For next 45 years of his lifetime, Budha did most of his
work in East India, along the Gangetic plains in India.

(contd.)
 Later on, Budhism spread to other countries also.
 Though there are references to meditation in Pali Canon
from 1st century CE, most of the work in Indian Budhism
was translated in 2nd century into Chinese.
 Dhyānasamādhi Sūtra, a miscellany of various texts
related to meditation, is one of the major works
translated by a North Indian Budhist, Kumārajīva.
 Among others, the Dhyānasamādhi Sūtra has preserved a
treatment of the sixteen steps of mindfulness of
breathing.

(contd.)
 A word about origin of Zen meditation: the word
Zen is derived from the Japanese pronunciation of
the Middle Chinese word Cha’n, which in turn is
derived from the Sanskrit word dhyāna, which can
be approximately translated as `absorption` or
`meditative state`.
 We’ll know more about dhyana later.

Breathing
 Rigveda says:
Aa Vaat Vaahi Bheshajam Vi Vaat Vaahi Yadrpah |
Tvum Hi Vishvabheshajo Devanam Doot eeysae ||
Rig. 10/137/3

Breathing (Rigveda contd.)
Aa Vaat Vaahi Bheshajam Vi Vaat Vaahi Yadrpah |
Tvum Hi Vishvabheshajo Devanam Doot eeysae ||
 Semantic:
 Vaat(wind) O Prana!
 Bheshajm Aavaahi Let the medicine flow into me and
 Vaat(wind) O Prana!
 Yadrpah Let the toxins within me
 Vi Vaahi flow out.
 Tvum You
 Hi are most definitely
 Vishvbhaeshjh the medicine for all ailments,
 Devaanaam Doot Iiysae You must be the messenger of gods!

Breathing (Rigveda contd.)
 O Prana! Let the medicine flow into me, and, O
Prana! Let the toxins within me flow out. You are
most definitely the medicine of all ailments. You
must be the messenger of gods!
 Prana, which can be controlled through breath,
can help us get rid of all the misery and disease –
with a name or without it. Breath is the true and
the greatest healer!

Breathing
 Breathing is the most important thing we do. It
affects all other systems in our physical body
profoundly.
 If we have a healthy breathing pattern and
rhythm, the whole body responds positively to it.
 When healthy breathing returns, the symptoms of
your condition are alleviated and begin to
disappear.

Breathing
 As the symptoms disappear/ recede, your
dependence on medicines and/ or machines
reduces.
 As you feel better, you develop a stronger immune
system and can become more active.
 This makes you fitter and better able to cope
with your condition, so that eventually it is
possible to be symptom-free and have no need of
medications.

Breathing (benefits)
 In physical terms, 70% of toxins in our body are thrown out through
breathing.
 Hence, breathing exercises offer to actively detoxify your body,
optimise stress level, regulate lymph flow, balance hormones in the
body, balance sympathetic and parasympathetic parts of the
autonomic nervous system, increase nitric oxide production, stimulate
pituitary gland directly, offer gentle massage to internal organs and
even achieve much more than that.
 Healthy breathing goes beyond diaphragm-breathing – it also
incorporates nose-breathing, breathing at the correct rate, rhythm
and volume and with the optimal O2/CO2 balance when at rest,
during sleep, activity and sport.

Scientific Evidence in
Modern Times

Scientific Evidence in Modern Times
 The link between insufficient oxygen and disease
was established by modern science long time
back.
 Dr. Otto Warburg was awarded the Nobel Prize in
1931 and again in 1944 for discovering the cause
of cancer.
He said, “Cancer has only one prime cause. The
prime cause of cancer is the replacement of
normal oxygen respiration of body cells by an
anaerobic (oxygen-less) cell respiration.”

 Once the level of oxygen available to a cell drops below
60% of normal, the cell is forced to switch to an inferior
method of energy production — fermentation.
 The cell can never be returned to the proper oxidation
system, and loses its governor on replication. It begins to
reproduce copies of itself wildly, a condition we call
cancer.
 His findings were endorsed by The National Cancer
Institute in 1952.

 Dr. Harry Goldbatt published his findings in the Journal of
Experimental Medicine in 1953 and his research confirmed that lack of
oxygen plays the major role in causing cells to become cancerous.
 Dr. Albert Wahl said, “Disease is due to a deficiency in the oxidation
process of the body, leading to an accumulation of toxins. These
toxins are ordinarily burned in normal oxidation.”
 Dr. Wendell Hendricks of the Hendricks Research Foundation wrote:
“Cancer is a condition within the body where the oxidation has
become so depleted that the body cells have degenerated beyond
control. The body is so overloaded with toxins that it sets up a tumor
mass to harbor these poisons and remove them from general activity
within the body.”

 The evidence from these doctors’ research is
conclusive.
 Oxygen plays the primary role in health and well-
being.
 It is important to note that fear, worry and
depression all interfere with free breathing and
thus reduce oxygen uptake.

 Modern Science has started discovering the wonders that can be achieved
with Yoga and Pranayama, the science of breathing exercises, very recently,
and already the results that are coming out are amazing!
 Here is what some of the recent studies have concluded:
 Brain Growth: According to a Harvard study, when controlled breathing is used
during meditation, it can actually increase the size of the brain. Meditation that
involves focusing one’s attention on the breath has the capacity to increase
cortical thickness. Please click at the link to read about some major studies done
on the effect of meditation on brain. Another paper mentions the role of
meditation in improving the quality of life.
Proof is in the pudding…

 Prevent Heart Attack: Low heart rate variability has been associated with a
greater risk of heart attacks. A 2012 study found that deep breathing
practices can improve heart rate variability in healthy test subjects.
 Lower Stress: Shallow breathing is a sign of stress and ‘fight or flight’ sign of
the body. Sitting quietly and focussing on your breathing helps your body
achieve a state of calm, shifting from functioning from sympathetic nervous
system (characterized by drive, fight, flight and ambition) to
the parasympathetic nervous system (relax and receive).

 Get rid of Negative Emotions: We feel short of breath during times of panic
or stress. This is the body’s natural reaction to a perceived threat. Focusing
on breathing can help to alleviate anxiety, symptoms of depression, and other
negative emotions. Last year, Australian researchers found that deep
breathing 30 minutes before a performance effectively reduced musicians’
performance anxiety.

 Reduce Examination Phobia: A 2007 study published in the journal ‘Teaching
and Learning in Medicine’ found that students who practiced deep-breathing
meditation before an exam reported perceiving less anxiety, self-doubt and
concentration loss than the students who did not practice deep breathing .

 Lower Blood Pressure: Taking slow, deep breaths for just a few minutes a day
could help lower your blood pressure, according to Dr. David Anderson of the
National Institutes of Health. While researchers have observed that slow,
deep breaths can help to relax and temporarily dilate blood vessels, they
don’t yet know precisely why deep breathing has the capacity to cause a
lasting drop in blood pressure.

 Inflammation and Immune Function: A brief daily yogic meditation
intervention may reverse the pattern of increased NF-κB- related (nuclear
factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells, is a protein complex
that controls transcription of DNA) transcription of pro-inflammatory
cytokines and decreased IRF1-related (Interferon regulatory factor 1 is a
protein that in humans is encoded by the IRF1 gene) transcription of innate
antiviral response genes previously observed in healthy individuals confronting
a significant life stressor.

 Gene Expression: A recent study found that mind-body practices like yoga,
meditation and deep breathing exercises can trigger the body’s “relaxation
response,” a physiological state of deep relaxation that alters the way it
responds to stress. This state can counter the negative effects of stress for
people with health conditions like anxiety and hypertension, by actually
altering the expression of genes in the immune system.

 Cellular Aging: A pilot study published in International Journal of Geriatric
Psychiatry found that brief daily meditation practices by family dementia
caregivers can lead to improved mental and cognitive functioning and lower
levels of depressive symptoms. This improvement is accompanied by an
increase in telomerase activity suggesting improvement in stress-induced
cellular aging.

 Oxidative Stress: In a study done on effect of yoga in Diabetes-2 cases, yoga
resulted in significant reduction in BMI, glycemic control, and
malondialdehyde and increase in glutathione and vitamin C and helps in
reducing oxidative stress in type 2 diabetes. Yoga in addition to standard care
helps reduce BMI and improve glycemic control in type 2 diabetic patients.
 There is also evidence for role of yoga breathing in asthma and
more evidence is accumulating. And there are reports of cure of cancer,
though unconfirmed by Modern Medicine, from some parts of the world!

Further proof
 The number of studies runs into thousands. This goes a long way to prove
the relevance and authenticity of Yoga wisdom. Yogis knew all this for
thousands of years without any million, billion or trillion dollar labs!
 Practices of meditation as well as yoga take us to the other side of our
thoughts, beyond our thinking process and apparatus. Ultimately, through
dedication and practice, we can learn to observe our thoughts and feelings
non-judgmentally, and thus avoid letting them drag us around.

Myths about Mindfulness
 It is a religion: No, it is not a religion. Mindfulness is simply a method of mind
training. People who practise meditation can be religious, atheist or agnostic.
 You can do it only sitting on the floor: Though a preferred posture, you don’t
have to sit cross-legged on the floor. Most people like to sit in chairs to
meditate, but you can also practise bringing mindful awareness to whatever
you are doing, on buses, trains or while walking to work. You can meditate
almost anywhere.

 You need a lot of spare time: Mindfulness practice does not take a lot of time,
though patience and persistence are required.
 Many people soon discover that meditation liberates them from the pressures
of time, so they have more of it to spend on other things.
 Moreover, it is more a matter of personal choice – would you like to spend
time on counselling, or visiting clinics and hospitals, or doing meditation?

 It’s complicated: Meditation is not complicated - it is not about success or
failure. Even when meditation feels difficult, you learn something about the
working of the mind and thus advance in your understanding.
 It robs you of your drive: It will not deaden your mind or prevent you from
striving towards important career or lifestyle goals. Rather, you become
clearer and more focused.
 Meditation is not about accepting the unacceptable. It is about seeing the
world with greater clarity so that you can take a better informed and wiser
decision and considered action to implement a change.
 Meditation helps cultivate a deep and compassionate awareness that allows
you to assess your goals and find the optimum path towards realising your
core values.

Why Practice Mindfulness
and Breathing – Based
Healing?

Why Practice Mindfulness and
Breathing – Based Healing?
 Sitting every day, for at least 15-30 minutes, makes a huge difference in how
you approach life, how personally you take things and how you interact with
others.
 It enhances compassion, allows you to see things more clearly, including
yourself, and creates tranquility and insight.
 Studies have shown that practicing mindfulness, even for just a few weeks,
can bring a variety of physical, psychological, and social benefits.

 Here are some of these benefits:
 Mindfulness is good for our bodies: In a seminal study, after just eight
weeks of training, practicing mindfulness meditation boosts our immune
system’s ability to fight off illness.
 Mindfulness is good for our minds: Several studies have shown that
mindfulness increases positive emotions while reducing negative emotions
and stress. At least one study suggests it may be as good as
antidepressants in fighting depression and preventing relapse.

 Mindfulness changes our brains.
 Research has found that it causes gyrification in brain regions linked to
learning, memory, emotion regulation, and empathy.
 In study released in March, researchers at UCLA found that long-term
meditators have larger amounts of gyrification (folding) of the brain’s cortex,
specifically in the area of the insula – an area of the brain whose many vital
roles include emotional awareness, attention, self-recognition, decision
making, and sensing.
 The researchers found a direct correlation between the number of years study
participants had practiced meditation and the amount of brain change,
offering further possible evidence of the brain’s plasticity.

 Mindfulness helps us focus: Some studies suggest that mindfulness helps us
tune out distractions and improves our memory and attention skills.
 Mindfulness fosters compassion and altruism: Research suggests mindfulness
training makes us more likely to help someone in need and increases activity
in neural networks involved in understanding the suffering of others and
regulating emotions. There is evidence to suggest it might boost self-
compassion as well.

 Mindfulness enhances relationships: Research suggests mindfulness training
makes couples more satisfied with their relationship, makes each partner feel
more optimistic and relaxed, and makes them feel more accepting of and
closer to each other.
 Mindfulness is good for parents and parents-to-be: Studies suggest it may
reduce pregnancy-related anxiety, stress, and depression in expectant
parents.
 Parents who practice mindfulness report being happier with their
parenting skills and their relationship with their kids, and their children
were found to have better social skills.

 Mindfulness helps schools: There’s scientific evidence that teaching
mindfulness in classrooms reduces behavior problems and aggression
among students, and improves their happiness levels and ability to
pay attention.
 Teachers trained in mindfulness also show lower blood pressure, less
negative emotion and symptoms of depression, and greater compassion
and empathy.
 A study led by scientists at UCSF found that schoolteachers who
underwent a short, intensive meditation program were less depressed,
anxious, and stressed, while also experiencing greater compassion and
awareness of others’ feelings.

 Mindfulness helps health care professionals cope with stress, connect with
their patients, and improve their general quality of life. It also helps mental
health professionals by reducing negative emotions and anxiety, and
increasing their positive emotions and feelings of self-compassion.
 Mindfulness helps prisoners: Evidence suggests mindfulness reduces anger,
hostility, and mood disturbances among prisoners by increasing their
awareness of their thoughts and emotions, helping with their rehabilitation
and reintegration.

 Mindfulness helps veterans: Studies suggest it can reduce the symptoms of
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD).
 Mindfulness fights obesity: Practicing “mindful eating” encourages healthier
eating habits, helps people lose weight, and helps them savor the food they
do eat.
 A ground-breaking study led by Harvard University and Massachusetts General
Hospital in 2011 found that as little as eight weeks of meditation not only
helped people experience decreased anxiety and greater feelings of calm; it
also produced growth in the areas of the brain associated with memory,
empathy, sense of self, and stress regulation.

Mechanism of Action
 Recent studies show that the brain is incredibly dynamic, with a potentially
unlimited ability to change throughout our life.
 New nerve pathways can be created and refined at any age and gyrification,
thickening of gyri in cerebral cortex, can happen.
 We can exploit this neuroplasticity to move from habitual negative feeling
states, including depression, anxiety, and PTSD – to an expanded experience
of emotional wellbeing and happiness in our daily lives.

Mechanism of Action - Neuroplasticity
 Neuroplasticity, also known as brain plasticity, is an umbrella term that
encompasses both synaptic plasticity and non-synaptic plasticity.
 It refers to changes in neural pathways and synapses due to changes in
behavior, environment, neural processes, thinking, emotions, as well as
changes resulting from bodily injury.
 Neuroplasticity has replaced the formerly-held position that the brain is a
physiologically static organ, and explores how - and in which ways - the brain
changes throughout life.

Mechanism of Action - Neuroplasticity
 This is a far cry from what was believed until very recent times: scientists
believed in the past that once we reached adulthood, our brain was incapable
of any change beyond than the negative alterations associated with disease
and aging.
 The Yogic sciences of meditation and pranayama are changing the concepts
fast!
 These are the most powerful yet simple tools for altering the brain in many
positive ways.

Some References
 Austin, James H. (1999) Zen and the Brain: Toward an Understanding of
Meditation and Consciousness, Cambridge: MIT Press, 1999
 Azeemi, Khwaja Shamsuddin Azeemi (2005) Muraqaba: The Art and Science of
Sufi Meditation. Houston: Plato, 2005
 Bennett-Goleman, T. (2001) Emotional Alchemy: How the Mind Can Heal the
Heart, Harmony Books
 Benson, Herbert and Miriam Z. Klipper. (2000 [1972]). The Relaxation
Response. Expanded Updated edition. Harper
 Bond, Kenneth; Maria B. Ospina, Nicola Hooton, Liza Bialy, Donna M. Dryden,
Nina Buscemi, David Shannahoff-Khalsa, Jeffrey Dusek & Linda E. Carlson
(2009). "Defining a complex intervention: The development of demarcation
criteria for "meditation"". Psychology of Religion and Spirituality (American
Psychological Association) 1 (2): 129–137
 Craven JL (October 1989). "Meditation and psychotherapy". Can J Psychiatry
34 (7): 648–53.

Some References
 Bazzano, Manu (2014), After Mindfulness: New Perspectives on Psychology and Meditation, Palgrave
Macmillan
 Black, David S. (2011), A Brief Definition of Mindfulness
 Boccio, Frank Jude (2004). Mindfulness Yoga: The Awakened Union of Breath, Body and Mind
 Boyatzis, R. E., & McKee, A. (2005). Resonant Leadership: Renewing yourself and connecting with
others through mindfulness, hope, and compassion.
 Brahm, Ajahn (2005). Mindfulness, Bliss, and Beyond: A Meditator's Handbook. Wisdom Publications.
 Brown RP, Gerbarg PL (2005). "Sudarshan Kriya Yogic breathing in the treatment of stress, anxiety,
and depression. Part II—clinical applications and guidelines". J Altern Complement Med 11 (4): 711–7.
 Carlson LE, Ursuliak Z, Goodey E, Angen M, Speca M (March 2001). "The effects of a mindfulness
meditation-based stress reduction program on mood and symptoms of stress in cancer outpatients:
6-month follow-up". Support Care Cancer 9 (2): 112–23.
 Didonna, Fabrizio (2008), Clinical Handbook of Mindfulness, Springer Science & Business Media
 Dhruva A, Miaskowski C, Abrams D, Acree M, Cooper B, Goodman S, Hecht FM. Yoga breathing for
cancer chemotherapy-associated symptoms and quality of life: results of a pilot randomized
controlled trial. J Altern Complement Med. 2012 May;18(5):473-9. doi: 10.1089/acm.2011.0555.
Epub 2012 Apr 23.
 G. C. Pande, Foundations of Indian Culture: Spiritual Vision and Symbolic Forms in Ancient India.
Second edition published by Motilal Banarsidass Publ., 1990

Some References
 Gehart, Diane R. (2012), Mindfulness and Acceptance in Couple and Family Therapy, Springer
Science & Business Media
 Germer, Christopher K. (2005), Mindfulness. What Is It? What does It Matter? In: Christopher
K. Germer, Ronald D. Siegel, Paul R. Fulton, "Mindfulness and Psychotherapy", Guilford Press
 Harris, Mark W. (2009), The A to Z of Unitarian Universalism, Scarecrow Press
 Guenther, Herbert V. & Leslie S. Kawamura (1975), Mind in Buddhist Psychology: A Translation
of Ye-shes rgyal-mtshan's "The Necklace of Clear Understanding" Dharma Publishing. Kindle
Edition.
 Gunaratana, Bhante Henepola (2002). Mindfulness in Plain English. Wisdom Publications
 Hanh, Thich Nhat (1996). The Miracle of Mindfulness: A Manual on Meditation. Beacon Press.
 Hick, Steven F. (2010), Cultivating Therapeutic Relationships: The Role of Mindfulness. In:
Steven F. Hick, Thomas Bien (eds.), "Mindfulness and the Therapeutic Relationship", Guilford
Press
 Hoopes, Aaron (2007) "Zen Yoga: A Path to Enlightenment through Breathing, Movement and
Meditation". Kodansha International.
 Ihnen, Anne; Flynn, Carolyn (2008), The Complete Idiot's Guide to Mindfulness, Penguin
 Jennifer C Plumb, Ian Stewart, Galway JoAnne Dahl, Tobias Lundgren (Spring 2009). "In
Search of Meaning: Values in Modern Clinical Behavior Analysis". Behav Anal. 32 (1): 85–103.

Some References
 Kabat-Zin, Jon (2011), Mindfulness for Beginners: Reclaiming the Present Moment--and Your Life,
Sounds True
 Kabat-Zin, Jon (2013), Arriving at Your Own Door: 108 Lessons in Mindfulness, Hachette UK
 King, Winston L. (1992), Theravada Meditation. The Buddhist Transformation of Yoga, Delhi: Motilal
Banarsidass
 King, Richard (2001), Orientalism and Religion: Post-Colonial Theory, India and "The Mystic East",
Taylor & Francis e-Library
 Kipf, David (1979), The Brahmo Samaj and the shaping of the modern Indian mind, Atlantic
Publishers & Distri
 Koster, Frits (2009), Basisprincipes Vipassana-meditatie. Mindfulness als weg naar bevrijdend inzicht,
Asoka
 Kristeller, Jean L. (2007), Mindfulness Meditation. In: Paul M. Lehrer, Robert L. Woolfolk, Wesley E.
Sime (eds.), "Principles and Practice of Stress Management, Third Edition", Guilford Press
 Manicavasgar, V., Parker, G., Perich, T. (2011). Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy Vs. Cognitive
Behaviour Therapy as a Treatment for Non-Melancholic Depression. Journal of Affective Disorders.
130 (1–2), 138–144.
 McCown, Donald; Micozzi, Marc S. (2011), New World Mindfulness: From the Founding Fathers,
Emerson, and Thoreau to Your Personal Practice, Inner Traditions / Bear & Co
 McMahan, David L. (2008), The Making of Buddhist Modernism, Oxford University Press

Some References
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