2. What is
Tang kilikan Economics
Tang kilikan means patronag e. As an
old definition, Tang kilikan means
reciprocating what benefits you hav e
receiv ed.
Tang kilikan als o means patriotis m or
nationalis m. It means lov ing or
patronizing firs t and foremos t what is
your own and not of others .
3. Theoretical Foundations of
Tang kilikan
Tang kilikan economics means
patronizing firs t and foremos t what you
produce in order to s pur and dev elop
your economy. It is rooted in the
philos ophy of mercantilis m.
Mercantilis m adv ocates “produce more
in order to buy les s ”. In doing this , the
economy accumulates s urplus es which
are needed to finance dev elopment and
indus trialization.
4. Theoretical Foundations of
Tang kilikan
Tang kilikan economics is therefore
the philos ophy behind economic
nationalis m.
Economic nationalis m, on the other
hand, is the ideolog y of national
indus trialization and economic
dev elopment.
5. Other Dimensions of
Tang kilikan
Tang kilikan is not only limited to
economics . It has als o dimens ions in
culture and politics .
Tang kilikan culture means being
proud of the pos itive s ide of
Philippine culture like lang uag e,
his tory, arts , mus ic, cinema,
literature, traditions , beliefs , norms ,
habits , etc.
6. Other Dimensions of
Tang kilikan
Tang kilikan politics does not mean
patronag e politics where the political
lords (dynas tic elites ) take care of
their underling s (us ually relativ es ,
clos e friends and cronies ). The latter
reciprocates throug h blind loyalty to
their political patron.
7. Other Dimensions of
Tang kilikan
Tang kilikan politics means g ood
g ov ernment and a civ il s erv ice
g ov erned by rules and reg ulations .
It als o means a g ov ernment that g iv es
priority and protection to its citizens ,
workers , bus ines s men and
profes s ionals ov er non-F ilipinos .
8. The Modern Tang kilikan
Tang kilikan under g lobalization is not
limited to patronag e of one’s produce.
This type of tang kilikan may lead to
monopoly, inefficiency,
uncompetitivenes s and patronag e
politics .
Ins tead of promoting national
dev elopment and indus trialization, it
may lead to backwardnes s and
underdev elopment.
9. The Modern Tang kilikan
Modern Tang kilikan means promotion of
locally produced products and services
that are of high quality standards
through technological adaptation,
innovation, and continuous
improvement.
This is essence of the slogan
Tang kilikin at paunlarin and s ariling atin
(patronize and continuously improve our
own products and services).
10. Tang kilikan & the
Nationalis t Development
Plan
Tang kilikan in the Nationalis t
Dev elopment Plan (NDP) of the F air
Trade Alliance (F TA) is bes t
expres s ed in the s trateg ies “forward
and backward linkag ing ” and
“modernization of ag ricultural and
indus trial s ectors ”.
11. Tang kilikan & the
Nationalis t Development
Plan
Forward and backward linkaging has at least 3
dimensions:
2. A direct link between the Phil. consumers and
the Phil. producers.
Philippine consumers are the workers (both low
unskilled and & highly skilled knowledge
workers- managers, entrepreneurs,
professionals, OFWs, etc.) and the government.
12. Tang kilikan & the
Nationalis t Development
Plan
A direct link between the Phil. consumers and the
Phil. producers.
The Philippine producers are enterprises, groups
and individuals operating in the Philippines. They
should be encouraged to maximize locally-
sourced inputs (labor, technologies, materials,
ideas, etc.).
Both the Philippine consumers and producers
should patronize each other to the fullest.
13. Tang kilikan & the
Nationalis t Development
Plan
In the USA for example, Verite is a
consumer-based NGO advocating
consumption of American-made products &
services through social standards imposition
on imported products.
Verite practices Tang kilikan to help
preserve American jobs and consumers’
purchasing power.
14. Tang kilikan & the
Nationalis t Development
Plan
Forward and backward linkaging has at least 3
dimensions:
2. A direct link between big, medium, small and
micro enterprises.
At present, big & some medium enterprises
are linked with TNCs through outsourcing &
international quality standards like ISO,
Malcolm Baldridge, social standards, etc.
15. Tang kilikan & the
Nationalis t Development
Plan
A direct link between big, medium, small and
micro enterprises.
Big firms with international linkages do not
transfer their technologies and capabilities to the
micro & small enterprises (MSEs).
Hence, MSEs may lose in competition with low
end smuggled imported goods or stay in the
unregulated informal sector.
16. Tang kilikan & the
Nationalis t Development
Plan
Under the Nationalist development plan, big
and medium enterprises should maximize
their outsourcing requirements to the micro
and small enterprises (MSEs) under the big
brother-small brother partnership
relationship.
17. Tang kilikan & the
Nationalis t Development
Plan
A direct link among industry, agriculture and
services.
Agriculture should produce raw materials for
industry and food for the consumers.
This will empower agricultural producers and
the consumers.
The consumers in return will be able to buy
more finished products from the industrial
sector.
18. Tang kilikan & the
Nationalis t Development
Plan
A direct link among industry, agriculture and
services.
Developing a modern agro-industrial base of
the economy is the key strategy of the
Nationalist Development Plan.