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GLBT COMMUNITY BY: AMBER, Joshua & Shannon

GAY Cheery: bright and pleasant; promoting a feeling of cheer; "a cheery hello"; "a gay sunny room"; "a sunny smile"

THE PRIDE FLAG The first Rainbow Flag was designed in 1978 by Gilbert Baker, a San Francisco artist, who created the flag in response to a local activist's call for the need of a community symbol. (This was before the pink triangle was popularly used as a symbol of pride.) Using the five-striped "Flag of the Race" as his inspiration, Baker designed a flag with eight stripes: pink, red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, and violet. According to Baker, those colors represented, respectively: sexuality, life, healing, sun, nature, art, harmony, and spirit. Baker dyed and sewed the material for the first flag himself - in the true spirit of Betsy Ross.

Toronto Gay History Toronto gay history begins soon after Toronto was founded when a successful merchant and Justice of the peace, Alexander Wood was accused of having misused his position to investigate the genitals of young men. A similar scandal in 1838 involved George Herchmer Markland, the Inspector-General of Upper Canada Ontario upon Confederation in 1867. Buggery had been illegal from colonial times, and this prohibition was included in the Consolidated Statutes of Canada in 1859. The Canadian Criminal Code introduced the crime of "gross indecency" in 1890; and in 1892 a "bawdy house" law was passed to discourage prostitution. Nevertheless, as Toronto grew, the city acquired more visible signs of gay activity. For example, by the turn of the twentieth century, the glory holes at Union Station, Toronto's main train station, were considered noteworthy in the memoirs of Gordon Hill Graham.

The Struggle for Equal Rights Having achieved recognition from the government, Toronto gays and lesbians went on to fight for equal rights. The Coalition for Lesbian and Gay Rights in Ontario (CLGRO), established in 1975, fought to include sexuality under the protective clauses of the Ontario Human Rights Code. However, the 1990s "We are Family" campaign implicitly contradicted the liberationist vision that earlier dominated Toronto's gay life. This direction culminated with the first gay marriages at Metropolitan Community Church in 2001 and their sanction by the Ontario Court of Appeals in 2003. In 1995, a key legal ruling by the Supreme Court of Canada found that while sexual orientation wasn't specifically mentioned in the Charter of Rights and Freedoms, they could be "read in." The next year, the federal government amended the Canadian Human Rights Act to include sexual orientation. Toronto's gay and lesbian community is now recognized as an integral part of the city's fabric. Toronto's GLBTQ community has gone from being a hidden subculture to a power base in politics, the economy, and the arts.

Gay Village in Toronto "Toronto's gay ghetto moved around in the early 1970s, it was on Spadina Avenue; later Queen St., east of Spadina, Parliament Street in the early '80s; and Church & Wellesley by 1992. Toronto is the Mecca for Canadian Gays. So, needless to say, the Gay Village is pretty big - one of the biggest in the world. Our village is located right in Toronto's vital and booming city centre, in an area called "The Garden District".

Toronto's Gay Dance Club Scene Issues for HIV Prevention for Gay Men Summary In the late 1990s, outreach workers at AIDS service organizations (ASOs) in Toronto were hearing anecdotal reports linking high-risk sex among gay and bisexual men with the use of party drugs in Toronto’s gay dance club scene. ,[object Object],gay and bisexual men’s experiences and modes of participation in the gay dance club scene, the circumstances associated with using party drugs in the scene, and the circumstances and reasoning processes associated with using party drugs in relation to sex. ,[object Object],[object Object]

Participants identified a number of key experiences and attributes of the dance club scene. ,[object Object], sexualized atmosphere and, for some, the opportunity to meet men for sex. ,[object Object],and East and Southeast Asian men also remarked on how ‘whiteness’ is privileged in the scene, and the sense of alienation that they experience. For those men, the scene presents some challenges despite its obvious attraction. ,[object Object],Ecstasy alone or with at least one other drug. They vary the types, timing, sequence and dosage to achieve certain desired effects. Though they articulated various practices to avoid or minimize harm, there is considerable variation in the degree to which they carry through on those practices.

AIDS Crisis A challenge arose in 1982 with the appearance of the first cases of AIDS in Toronto. Building on the activist infrastructure already in place, a new set of institutions developed to address the needs of people with AIDS. These institutions were dominated and controlled by the gay community. The AIDS Committee of Toronto was established in June 1983, and it gave a liberationist bent to the struggle for AIDS prevention and research in Toronto. Again, Toronto's multicultural nature influenced the community's response. The city's Native community was served by Two-Spirited People of the First Nations while the Black Coalition for AIDS Prevention was established to meet the special needs of its community. Toronto took its own distinct road in combating AIDS: The baths were not closed, sex was accepted as a given, emphasis was placed on safer sex.

Aids Stats in Toronto As of 2008 September ,[object Object]

Men have accounted for 88% of all positive HIV tests reports in Toronto since 1985, Among men, gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men account for 82.6% of all HIV infections

Woman have accounted for 12% of all HIV test reports in Toronto since 1985HIV transmission in 2008 Men who have sex with men 72.7% Injection drug users 4.8% Heterosexual 9.0% People from countries where HIV epidemic 10.5%

Gay Parenting Like families headed by heterosexual parents, lesbian and gay parents and their children are a diverse group. Unlike heterosexual parents and their children, however, lesbian and gay parents and their children are often subject to prejudice because of their sexual orientation that can turn judges, legislators, professionals, and the public against them, sometimes resulting in negative outcomes, such as loss of physical custody, restrictions on visitation, and prohibitions against adoption. Negative attitudes about lesbian and gay parenting may be held in the population at large as well as by psychologists. As with beliefs about other socially stigmatized groups, the beliefs held generally in society about lesbians and gay men are often not based in personal experience, but are frequently culturally transmitted. The purpose of this summary of research findings on lesbian and gay parents and their children is to evaluate widespread beliefs in the light of empirical data and in this way ameliorate negative effects of unwarranted prejudice.

Gay Stigmas STIGMA Gay Men/Woman are not good parents Gay Men are the only reason that HIV exists Gay Men are all feminine Gays should not be allowed equal rights Gays will get over it, it’s all a phase Gays are evil& mislead by there parents God frowns on Gays Heterosexism is superior to other sexual orientations Gays are weak

The German and other European gay movements founded at the end of the 19th century were destroyed by the Nazi holocaust in the 1930s and 1940s. Homophobia reached its culmination in Nazi Germany when masses of people went to their deaths in concentration camps because they were or were thought to be gay men. Lesbians were not persecuted in the same way as gay men.

In Canada the age of consent for gay male or lesbian sex has until recently been 21, while it was 18 for heterosexual sex. This double standard meant, for example, that a heterosexual man could legally have sex with an 18 year old woman, but a gay man could not legally have sex with another gay or bisexual man who was 18 years old. Therefore, this group of young lesbians and gay men had lived with the knowledge that their sexual activity was not only stigmatized but also illegal.,[object Object]

Feminist historians assert that the primary motivation for sexologists to describe lesbians was based on their wariness of women's growing independence from menBUTCH

Two Spirited People are Native Americans who fulfill one of many mixed gender roles found among many Native Americans and Canadian First Nations groups. Traditionally the roles included wearing the clothing and doing the work of both males and females . It usually implies a masculine spirit and a feminine spirit living in the same body. As of 1991, male and female bodied Two-Spirit people have been "documented in over 130 tribes, in every region of North America, among every type of native culture".

Religious Issues Scripture does NOT condemn being gay For all of those who read the Bible, “The Book of Jesus Christ” Paul wrote (Romans 8:1): "There is therefore now no condemnation for those who are in Christ Jesus." There is NO CONDEMNATION. Paul means, There is no condemnation for those who are in Christ. If you are in Christ, then there is nothing, nothing at all, that can separate you from God's love. If you believe in Christ, the only Son of God; if you believe that for us he came down from heaven was crucified, died, buried, and rose again; if you believe, then the law of the Spirit of life in Christ Jesus has set you free from the law of sin and of death (Romans 8:2). Many other religious backgrounds refuse to see the Lesbian way of sexuality. This web site discusses every type of religious issue concerning Lesbian acceptance or rejection. http://www.members.shaw.ca/samasutra/spiritual.html

Gay Bashing Gay bashing is an expression used to designate verbal confrontation with, denigration of, or physical violence against people thought to be lesbian, gay, bisexual, or transgendered (LGBT) because of their apparent sexual orientation or gender identity. A verbal gay bashing might happen on any street corner and use sexual slurs, expletives, intimidation, or threats of violence — or, it might take place in a political forum and include one or more common anti-gay slogans.

Criminalization The decriminalizing of same-sex sexual activity took place in 1969. In 1977. Quebec became the first Canadian province to include sexual orientation in its Human Rights Code as prohibited grounds for decriminalization in access to goods, Services and accommodation.

Stigmas Lesbian should feel shame. Goes against Godly image/rules of the religion and church. Lesbians and gays are dirty. Lesbians can’t raise children as a family with only two mothers and no father figure. The children raised in a gay home setting will also end up gay. You can contract Aids easier if you are a lesbian or gay person. These stigmas come from “straight” men and women and people of different religions and origins all over the country.

Parenting Many lesbian, gay and transgender individuals and couples are either raising children from previous heterosexual relationships or are planning to have families. The law and culture around adoption by gay and lesbian individuals and couples is changing. Lesbian and gay couples have been able to adopt together in the Province of Ontario since 1995.

Parenting Issues Despite arguments to the contrary, there is no evidence that the development of children of lesbian or gay parents is compromised compared to children of heterosexual parents. There is also no evidence for the fears that homosexual parents will have homosexual children or that the children will develop "improper" sex role behavior or damaging conflicts with their peers

Programs Within the Lesbian Community ,[object Object]

By 1988, a Toronto directory of groups and services published by the Social Services Network listed 134 organizations, ranging from support groups for gays and lesbians of specific sociocultural or religious backgrounds (Black, Asian, Jewish, Roman Catholic) to social action groups concerned with public education and advocacy.,[object Object]

A person whose sex, gender identity or gender expression differs from the one assigned to them at Birth! Transgender “Trans” can be shorthand for transgender and transsexual.

Historical Questions When did hormones become available? Chinese medicine was recovering male hormones from urine hundreds of years ago. When did the term Transgender come into use? Virginia Prince, a full time cross dresser who openly disdained transsexuals, coined the term “Transgenderist” in the mid ‘70s to describe herself and others like her. Isn’t transgenderism / transsexuality an invention of modern medical technology? No... as we can see from historical examples of transsexuals seeking whatever medical technology of their time offered throughout history, and in every culture studied.

Phalloplasty A complete construction or reconstruction of a penis is done on both cisgendered men who have lost their penis through either illness or accidents, and on trans men, that is, female-to-male transgendered or transsexual people.

Defining Relevant Terms: Stigma: the negative evaluation of a socially devalued attribute Discrimination: To act on the basis of prejudice (Webster’s, 1986) Transphobia: Refers to discrimination against trans people, based on the expression of their gender identity (Wikipedia), often confused with homophobia but is specific to gender.

Transgender Youth Discrimination Victimization High Drop out Rates in school Suicide attempts Substance use Unprotected sex Unstable Housing Barriers to health care Lack of social Support

Sex Work / Survival Sex Denied Opportunities: Education Employment Job Training Survival Sex Work HIV Risk

Factors driving HIV Transmission Social Stigma Discrimination, Harassment, Violence Unemployment, Lack of Health Insurance, Poverty, Homelessness Gender Identity Validation through Sex Multiple sex partners, unprotected sex Survival Sex Work Unprotected Sex, Substance Use Lack of Appropriate Medical Care Lack of medical screening, including HIV/STDs, increased morbidity risks

Hormone therapy for trans people living with HIV There are no significant drug interactions with drugs used to treat HIV. Several HIV medications change the levels of estrogens. Hormone therapy is not contraindicated in HIV disease at any stage. Hormone therapy can increase adherence to HIV medications.

Trans Identities Trans can encompass a variety of identities not only Male-to-Female (MTFs) and Female-to-Male (FTMs) but also includes: ,[object Object]

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