1. CHAPTER 5.2
P EO PLE // TE R M S ID ENT IF Y
J U S T I N
J O N E S

2. The Square Deal was SQUARE DEAL.
President Theodore
Roosevelt's domestic
program formed upon
three basic ideas:
conservation of
natural resources,
control of
corporations, and
consumer protection.
Thus, it aimed at
helping middle class
citizens and involved
attacking the
plutocracy and bad
trusts while at the
same time protecting
business from the
extreme demands of
organized labor.

3. NORTHERN SECURITIES.
The Northern Securities Company
was an important United States
railroad trust formed in 1902 by E. H.
Harriman, James J. Hill, J.P. Morgan,
J. D. Rockefeller, and their
associates. The company controlled
the Northern Pacific Railway, Great
Northern Railway, Chicago,
Burlington and Quincy Railroad, and
other associated lines. The company
was sued in 1902 under the Sherman
Antitrust Act of 1890 by President
Theodore Roosevelt; one of the first
anti-trust cases filed against corporate
interests instead of labor.

4. UNITED MINE WORKErS.
The United Mine Workers of
America (UMW or UMWA) is
a North American labor union
best known for representing
coal miners and coal
technicians. Today, the Union
also represents health care
workers, truck drivers,
manufacturing workers and
public employees in the United
States and Canada. Although its
main focus has always been on
workers and their rights, the
UMW of today also advocates
for better roads, schools, and
universal health care.

5. HEPBURN ACT.
The Hepburn Act is a 1906
United States federal law that
gave the Interstate Commerce
Commission (ICC) the power
to set maximum railroad
rates. This led to the
discontinuation of free passes
to loyal shippers. In addition,
the ICC could view the
railroads' financial records, a
task simplified by
standardized bookkeeping
systems. For any railroad that
resisted, the ICC's conditions
would remain in effect until
the outcome of legislation
said otherwise. By the
Hepburn Act, the ICC's
authority was extended to
cover bridges, terminals,
ferries, railroad sleeping cars,
express companies and oil
pipelines.

6. UPTON SINCLAIR.
Upton Beall Sinclair, Jr. (September 20, 1878 –
November 25, 1968), was a Pulitzer Prize-
winning American author who wrote over 90
books in many genres. He achieved popularity
in the first half of the 20th century, acquiring
particular fame for his 1906 muckraking novel
The Jungle. It exposed conditions in the U.S.
meat packing industry, causing a public uproar
that contributed in part to the passage a few
months later of the 1906 Pure Food and Drug
Act and the Meat Inspection Act. Time
magazine called him "a man with every gift
except humor and silence."

7. WORKS CITED.
"Hepburn Act." Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia.
Web. 07 Jan. 2011. <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/
Hepburn_Act>.
"Northern Securities Company." Wikipedia, the Free
Encyclopedia. Web. 07 Jan. 2011. <http://
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/
Northern_Securities_Company>.
"Square Deal." Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia.
Web. 07 Jan. 2011. <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/
Square_Deal>.
"United Mine Workers." Wikipedia, the Free
Encyclopedia. Web. 07 Jan. 2011. <http://
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Mine_Workers>.
"Upton Sinclair." Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia.
Web. 07 Jan. 2011. <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/
Upton_Sinclair>.