5. Thesis Statement The Khmer Rouge was a ruthless Communist party that took rule in Cambodia from 1975 – 1979. The party left a devastating trail, that still affect lives of today.
37. Citations Groslier, Bernard, and Jacques Arthaud. The Arts and Civilization of Angkor. New York: n.p., 1957. Him, Chanrithy. When Broken Glass Floats : Growing Up Under The Khmer Rouge. New York: W.W. Norton, 2000. Print. Pol Pot : A Man of Genocide. 2002. Home Vision Entertainment. Videocassette. Pol Pot : A Man of Genocide Sheehan, Sean. Cambodia. 2nd ed. New York: Marshall Cavendish, 2007. Print. Sheehy, Gail. Spirit of Survival. Toronto: Bantam books, 1987. Print. In this book Spirit of Survival Ung, Loung. First They Killed My Father : A Daughter of Cambodia Remembers. New York: n.p., 2006. Print. Valentino, Benjamin A. FInal solutions : Mass Killing and Genocide in The Twentieth Century. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 2004. Print The Cambodian Crisis, 1990-1992: the UN Plan, the Khmer Rouge, and The' State of Cambodia. Contributors: Ben Kiernan - author. Journal Title: Bulletin of Concerned Asian Scholars. Volume: 24. Issue: 2. Publication Year: 1992. Page Number: 3. Cambodia, Pol Pot, and the United States: The Faustian Pact. Contributors: Michael Haas - author. Publisher: Praeger. Place of Publication: New York. Publication Year: 1991. Page Number: iii.
38. Citations Orphans of Genocide: the Cham Muslims of Kampuchea Under Pol Pot. Contributors: Ben Kiernan - author, Ben Kiernan - author. Journal Title: Bulletin of Concerned Asian Scholars. Volume: 20. Issue: 4. Publication Year: 1988. Page Number: 2. Propaganda, Politics, and Violence in Cambodia: Democratic Transition under United Nations Peace-Keeping. Contributors: Steve Heder - editor, Judy Ledgerwood - editor. Publisher: M. E. Sharpe. Place of Publication: Armonk, NY. Publication Year: 1996. Page Number: iii. Cambodia Reborn?The Transition to Democracy and Development. Contributors: Grant Curtis - author. Publisher: Brookings Institution. Place of Publication: Washington, DC. Publication Year: 1998. Page Number: i. David P. Chandler, Ben Kiernan etc.: Revolution and Its Aftermath in Kampuchea: Eight Essays (Yale University Press 1983) Etcheson, Craig (2000). "The Number"—Quantifying Crimes against Humanity in Cambodia. Phnom Penh: Documentation Center of Cambodia. Pollanen, Michael S. (2002). "Forensic Survey of Three Memorial Sites Containing Human Skeletal Remains in the Kingdom of Cambodia." Mission Report to the Coalition for International Justice, Washington, D.C. Ablin, David and Marlowe Hood, eds. 1988 The Cambodian Agony. Armonk, NY: M.E. Sharpe.
41. Conclusion From this project I have gotten a better understanding of the Khmer Rouge, and how they have affected me, and my family. Within this presentation I hoped everyone got a better understanding of the Khmer Rouge, and what a genocide can do to a society.
Notes de l'éditeur
Justin’s Sr. Grad Project!!!http://www.flickr.com/photos/23808252@N00/4267558728
Started presentation with question“Before I start my presentation I want to ask everyone a question. Has anyone lost a family member close to them? Now imagine that pain and multiply it by 7” The reason why I did this presentation was because my mom would always tell stories about how the Khmer rouge was, same with my father. So I have decided to look up the Khmer rouge, and their rain of terror.http://www.flickr.com/photos/95572727@N00/2972824853
Again ask the class another question.“Has anyone ever made fun of anyone”“Has anyone ever made fun of someone because of some sort of status they hold like race and sexuality?”- People should be more educated on genocides. The major genocide that we know of is the holocaust. There are many other genocides. We need to realize that saying little jokes to people over time may cause a genocide.http://www.flickr.com/photos/34816987@N00/1491360266
The Khmer Rouge was a ruthless Communist party that took rule in Cambodia from 1975 – 1978. The party left a devastating trail, that still affect lives of today.http://www.flickr.com/photos/23808252@N00/4293457189
We are going to go over some basic information about Cambodia.Cambodia is located in South East Asia, the countries Vietnam, Laos, and Thailand surround the country.There are different influences within the country because of its location also includes languages such asKhmer (Main language)Vietnamese ChineseCham Tribal – Khmerhttp://www.flickr.com/photos/95572727@N00/527078736(Nick Ray, 23)
More general information of CambodiaIf you don’t know, Cambodia is a small country, this meant that it was an easy country to take control of.It also had a smaller population. Much easier to manipulate.Another interesting fact about Cambodia is that 1 American dollar in Cambodia is worth 4,800 reils. 5 dollars can feed a family of 6 for at least 4 days.Majority of the Country is a farming country, and live off of the landhttp://www.flickr.com/photos/35984974@N00/2122875864(Nick Ray)
- Explain Picture – Kings Palace ComplexCambodian royal government has Many different parts, but we will go over the main parts of the Government First there is a royal king, His name is SamdechPreahBaromneathNorodomSihamoni. He is son of former King Norodom Sihanouk. The King has control over the Military Force, and Consults with the other branches to make certain decisions. There has yet to be a conflict between the king and the other branches of the government.There is also a queen, who is Norodom Sihanouk. She plans out social gatherings at the palace, as the first lady of the United States.There is also a Prime Minister, Who is Hun Sen. Hun Sen represents the National Assembly which is a party in Cambodian government.http://www.flickr.com/photos/77437938@N00/3628348533(Nick Ray)
Cambodia is 95% Thervada BuddhistOther Religions 5%Thervada Buddhism came from India.The Idea of Buddhism, is that everything is connected in some sort of wayThey also believe in the concept of RecarnationLife and Death are a start and ending of the process.Also the idea of Karma.If you do something nice, something nice will happen to you.For example. My grandparents always tell me, if I do bad deeds in the world, I would be recarnated into a slug, or a worm.Basic Principles to followHave the right thoughtsHave the right goalsSpeak the right wordsPerform the right deedsEarn a living in the right wayMake the right effortBe intellectually alertMeditate http://www.flickr.com/photos/12609701@N05/2343419443(Nick Ray)
These are everyday things that everyone must remember. It intertwined with religion. Here I have pointed out the main key points that people my age should remember.Always be respectful to elders, no matter what.It has been said that children who don’t respect their elders will be disrespectful, and put shame upon the family name. Example: My cousin is only 2 weeks older then me, but no matter what I have always have to show him respect, or my parents will be upset at my behavior.Behavior here in America would be very disrespectful in Cambodia.As stated before this is all based of Religion of Thervada Buddhism.http://www.flickr.com/photos/40919817@N00/2758453666((www.kwintnessential.co.uk)
Hierarchy is also very important in the Cambodian Culture.Always remember your status in societyDo not disrespect anyone who is higher then your statusMonks are also known to follow this hierarchy. Eldest monk to lowest monk.Do not find it offensive if Cambodians ask your hierarchy. They will most likely ask your profession, to get a feel of your hierarchyAge always plays a factor.Buddhism supports this kind of hierarchy.http://www.flickr.com/photos/46274125@N00/2212332206(www.kwintnessential.co.uk)
Education usually starts at the age of 6-7This some what plays a problem. Children usually should be exposed to education at a younger age. But it is also good that children start at the age of 6 or 7 to learn the proper manners that are required for them.Education starts in Primary school, which we call Elementary schoolThe Primary school educates the students on the Khmer LanguageEducation then goes to middle school, known as Lower Secondary school, with grades 7-9.Education then continues to higher Secondary school, Grades 10-12They learn higher mathematics, and other languagesThe problem with this, is that most students don’t usually go on to college after this point. Most students go straight into work. This is were there is a flaw within the system. As you can see there is a 70~80% literacy rate. To me this is a low literacy rate. And to top that. Students who didn’t go to college don’t study the history of the Khmer Rouge. It isn't taught within the Higher Secondary Schools, which I think should be taught in.http://www.flickr.com/photos/38941200@N00/3217929118(Nick Ray)
Tourist Attraction is one of the main ways Cambodia receives moneyThe best attraction is Angkor watIt is one of the 7 lost wonders of the worldBiggest Temple ComplexWas built for HindusBuilt for king suryavarma IIAngkor wat means “City Temple”Killing Fields is also another good attraction amongst foreigners, but now Cambodians.These are the sites of mass graveshttp://www.flickr.com/photos/45874697@N00/1907835846(Nick Ray)
Refer back to the 2nd question that was asked.Explainto the class what a Genocide is.Explain the classificationof a Genocide.SexismReligiousSocialEthnicGenocide – Noun; The deliberate killing of a large group of people, especially those of a particular ethnic group or nationhttp://www.flickr.com/photos/8388564@N07/3354186525(Benjamin Valentino)http://www.genocidewatch.org/
Genocides are not the best way to resolve any problem between. usually the cause of Genocide is developed over time Usually people don’t agree with another view of other people.Example: ReligionThat groups problems, are blamed upon the group that they don’t agree with.Conflict and Arguments develop over time. Formation of groups that appose a certain view.That view soon becomes the blame of the problem.http://www.flickr.com/photos/63196706@N00/2213728990(Benjamin Valentino)http://www.genocidewatch.org/
DeathPossibly a wipe of one nation.This can possible cause more of tension between other countries as well.As stated above this can be a international dilemma.Break up foreign affairsFamily Heartbreaks Possible cause another war.(Benjamin Valentino)(www.kwintnessential.co.uk)(http://www.genocidewatch.org/)
Talk about basic Khmer rouge history- Khmer Rouge, means Red Cambodia, or Red Khmer, This Represented Communist Cambodia.The Khmer rouge wanted to reform the country after the Vietnam war. They thought there was too much influence, and Cambodians will lose who they were. this meant the country would have gone through radical reform (rest of the slides will be explained)The Khmer Rouge was a Communist party that was developed in 1975, and lasted to 1979.The Khmer Rouge exposed the country to radical reform aimed mainly for social reformhttp://www.flickr.com/photos/8388564@N07/3354186525(Steven Vincent)(BunthengSok)(Chhay Leng)http://www.genocidewatch.org/http://www.cambodia.org/khmer_rouge/
The Khmer rouge strongly believed in Darwinism. This is the theory in which only the strong survive. they didn’t believe in any weak people Everyone is equal at the same point That includes government officialsChildren as well.The Khmer rouge was also known as a communist party, Everyone must obey the Angkor. The Angkor is the one government system that you must work for. Hard labor and a fresh start is the key to success.1600 × 1067 - 131k - jpg - lh6.ggpht.com/.../60afOKIKmoM/IMG_6687.JPGhttp://www.cambodia.org/khmer_rouge/http://www.yale.edu/cgp/(LoungUng)
Pol Pot was born may 1929 and died April 15 1998 his name also was salothsar.He gained power around 1975, He then over the government, and demanded radical reform. He first got exposed to the government when he was Six years old. He moved into the king’s palace were his brother worked. Because of his social standing, he was able to get a great education, by going to catholic school, and also learning French A Few years later at 1949, Pol Pot was able to study at France. This is where he was first exposed to communism. He soon taught in a privet school in Cambodia, gathering support for his ideas. He soon help represent his ideas as being the Communist party leader.376 × 460 - 56k - jpg - ivarfjeld.files.wordpress.com/2010/02/polpot1.jpghttp://www.yale.edu/cgp/(LoungUng)(Steven Vincent)(BunthengSok)(Chhay Leng)
At first the Vietnam war started. There where many foreign affairs that where going on.After the war there was foreign influences.Sihanouk was then removed from power because the majority thought the foreign affairs were good, Lon Nol took over. Khmer rouge didn’t like the ideas of Lon Nol. They soon gathered support from the people who were against foreign affairs.The khmer rouge then through him over power, and took over the government1 – Vietnam war caused unstable power in the country2 – Removal of sihanouk3 – Lon Nol Took over (Pro-American Republican)4 – Khmer Rouge didn’t approve of Lon Nol’s Views, and gathered enough support from the public.5 – Soon Lon Nol’s power fell, giving the Khmer Rouge power.http://www.flickr.com/photos/36331461@N00/2279094002(Dith Path)(Steven Vincent)(LoungUng)(Benjamin Valentino)http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/316738/Khmer-Rouge
These are the people who pose a threat to the Khmer rouge usually former government positions would be killedAnyone who holds a profession will most likely be killed People who were in the middle class were through to “betray” the Khmer rouge because they didn’t work hard. High Class Cambodians were most likely KilledAnyone who had a higher educationAnother LanguageHigher Mathematics Knew Information about other countriesAnyone who held things that indicated signs of intelligentGlassesLab coats Certain clothing WatchesFormer Government positionProfessionalsDifferent ethnic groupsMiddle – High Class Cambodianshttp://www.flickr.com/photos/33393854@N00/457795810(LoungUng)(BenKeirman)(www.time.com – A Brief history of the Khmer Rouge)(Steven vincent)(Pol pot : Man of genocide)
Ask the class a question:“who has a job raise your hand”“Do you like your job”“Now imagine doing that job and not getting anything out of it”There were many harsh conditionsYou would live in concentrationcamps Always lived with your age group, sometimes with families (Rarely)Hunger was alwaysWork 24/7 hours working in the country side, always facing death every signal day Treated as if you were in jail. You work more for your food, but only get a little amount.Example: My mother would always tell me that she had to work so hard. She had to wake up 4 in the morning, and come home around 7 at night. She would never allowed to cry. If she even shed a tear, she would be handed over to the guards and then killed. Children would sometimes hand in their parents just to survive.You could never trust anyone around you, sometimes you can barely trust your family members. Young girls would get raped, or forced to get married to a Khmer rouge soldier.(The killing fields, RonlandJoffe, 1984)(Dith Path)(Steven Vincent)(LoungUng)(Benjamin Valentino)http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/316738/Khmer-Rouge(Chhay Leng)(BunthengSok)
Children were the main fighters of the Khmer Rouge. The Angkor claim that their minds have not been corrupted by foreign influence. This children would search all the workers, if their hands were not dirty or not bruised or no cuts, they will be killed. Child soldiers were most likely orphans that were taken under the governmentThey were young, so they were be easily brainwashed. They were also taught to only obey the Angkor(The killing fields, RonlandJoffe, 1984)(Steven Vincent)(LoungUng)(Benjamin Valentino)
was no family life. Everyone was considered equal.Children were brainwashed. Once these children were brained washed they were turned into child soldiers. They would be able to shoot and kill other people. everyone is to put to workIf there was anyone who betrayed the Khmer rouge would put to death this even includes parentsThere was no relationship between parents and childrenEveryone must commit to the Angkor.http://www.flickr.com/photos/waterboardingdotorg/2158863844/sizes/l/
Start the slide with asking the class a question again“ How many of you have a scaring memory that they cannot forget?” this is how it is for a lot of Cambodians over the age of 35. These memories haunt them almost everyday Today in Cambodia though speaks of what happens unless someone brings it up unintentionally. There are many mass graves, and museums located all over Cambodia, but most of them are quite because most Cambodians do not wish to visit these sites.(Chhay Leng)(bunthengSok)http://www.flickr.com/photos/24131402@N03/3949649697
This is the main reason why people would dieThe Khmer rouge wouldn’t feed their people they would have to work again, with out eatMalnutrition – noun -lack of proper nutrition, caused by not having enough to eat, not eating enough of the right things, or being unable to use the food that one does eat. To this day food is still hard to get. People would eat anything from bats, bugs, insects, lizards,http://www.flickr.com/photos/art_es_anna/318982699/sizes/o/(Dogals Boreas)
There are different ways to avoid the Khmer rougeThey are time when running, but there are also more extremes ProstitutionMarriage with a Khmer rouge soldierThere were also a alarming number of suicideAnd people would also join the Khmer rouge to avoid them even if they didn’t like them There was also and escape rout to Thailand. When there were bombings, when Vietnam started to invade, it was the best time to escape.http://www.flickr.com/photos/lo_/2081111191/sizes/l/(LoungUng)
These are one of the things that Cambodians had to face when trying to escape.(The killing fields, RonlandJoffe, 1984)
One of the greatest consequences is death, Usually they thought people who tried to escape there where also landmines that would kill anyone who stepped on them. Usually people who step on the land miens and survive become handicap. There are many survivors that live today who are handicapped Sometimes you would witness your own family being killed executions.http://www.flickr.com/photos/lo_/496251704/sizes/o/(LoungUng)
Executions where conducted every single day The most killed on one day was around 567 people One of the sites that was well known for their killings was TuolSleng. In Cambodian that was translated to “The Poison hill of trees”This was once a high school, now transformed into a killing site. All the things within the school they used as torture items. 3000 people entered, only 7 known survivors. Other sites located throughout the country are Mass GravesThese sites were where over 50+ where killed and buried. Most of them located in the country side of Cambodia.Ways of torching were sick ways Drowning killing babiesHangingStabbing Insects Unpleasant torturehttp://www.flickr.com/photos/waltercallens/4353550882/sizes/l/(Sian Powell)(Chanrithy him)(Elizabeth Becker)
Explain the picture, these were the Khmer rouge soldiers.-1 – Vietnamese invasion began in December 1978 people became really hypocrital because they were taught that the Vietnamese were bad people.2 – Months of battles - there were a few months of battling3 – Khmer Rouge took to the western side of Cambodia in the mountains.4 – Possibility that there are still Khmer rouge parties hiding. http://www.flickr.com/photos/waterboardingdotorg/2104146133/sizes/l/(Elizabeth,becker)(Ben Kiernan)(Benjamin Valentino)
After the war there was great provertyMany people died also due to thisFamilies were torn apart due to campsTrying to escape the war. Some people even feared going back to Cambodia till this day.Uneven power Estimated around 1.3~ 3 Million were killed. Numbers are varied though. Families began to be torn apart.http://www.flickr.com/photos/20426332@N00/3042519376/sizes/l/(LoungUng)(Elizabeth Becker)http://www.unakrt-online.org/
Talk about everyday life.Talk about how mom would explain her stories to me talk about the first time I was sick about riceMy mother would always remind me of her life during the Khmer rougeWould say that life for me was easierRemind me my goals every signal day.
Explain family story (Mom’s story)
Explain how american-cambodians are today. we all know about the Khmer rouge because of our parents, and we always try to succeed. And most of us wouldn’t be here if it wasn’t for our parents.
As stated before till this day, Cambodians fear the Khmer Rouge may take over. Cambodia is growing at a rapid rate Even though There are many horrifying events that have happened in the past, Cambodians now are going to try to put it in the past. And look forward to good fortune in the future.http://www.flickr.com/photos/77437938@N00/3575499719
From this project I have Gotten a better understanding of the Khmer Rouge, and how they have affected me, and me family.Within this presentation I hoped everyone got a better understanding of the Khmer rouge, and what a genocide can do to a society.
