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China
Taiwan
Vietnam
Malaysia
Brunei
Philippines
Trivia
                                     There are no native
   The Spratly Islands are a         islanders but there are, at
    group of more than 750            least for now, rich fishing
    reefs, islets, atolls, cays       grounds; the islands may
    and islands in the South          contain significant
    China Sea                         reserves of oil and natural
                                      gas.
   Was not occupied until
    France in the 1930 and           About 45 islands are
    later by Japan in WW2             occupied by relatively
   comprise more than                small numbers of
    30,000 islands and reefs          military forces from
    which complicate                  Vietnam, the People's
    governance                        Republic of China, the
                                      Republic of China
                                      (Taiwan), Malaysia and
                                      the Philippines.
 after WW2 Japan and 49 other countries sign the treaty
  of peace in san Francisco on September 8 1951 . Japan
  renounces all right title and claim to the spratly islands
  and the paracel island.

   However treaty does not say which of the nations is to
    have the right of title or claim to those islands

   Again on April 28 1952 Japan and republic of china
    signed a separate treaty of peace in Taipei the two
    parties recognized that Japan had renounced all right
    title and claim to Taiwan and Penghu as well as the
    spratly and paracel islands again without specifying to
    which the two island belong
The claim of the Philippines
 Tomás Cloma (18 September 1904–1996) was a
  Filipino lawyer and businessman from the province of
  Bohol. Cloma was born in Panglao to Ciriaco Cloma, a
  Spanish settler, and Irena Arbolente, a native of Bohol.
 Tomas cloma= a marine educator , started visiting the
  islands of the south china sea that are the closes to the
  Philippine around 1947
 On May 11, 1956, together with 40 men, Tomas and his
  brother Filemon took formal possession of the islands,
  lying some 380 miles west of the southern end of
  Palawan and named it Freedomland ( FREE
    TERRITORY AND PROTECTED STATE OF THE
    PHILIPPINES )
   On July 6 1956 cloma cited strategic reasons behind his
    claim to freedom land ( an independent state) . He warned
    that red china could be recognized by the U.N by the
    end of the year he also pointed the resurgence of Japan
    U.K and France ( which used to have a claim on the islands )
    and the rise of the Vietnams , which could pose a
    potential threat to the Philippines
   There claim would also help avert the threats while at
    the same time sparing the Philippines legal
    complications of annexing new territory
   The response of the government ( under Ramon Magsaysay
    ) was cautious ( although it accepted it ) limited to the use of
    the department of foreign affairs as to the use of
    government
 At first the policy of our government was that the spratly
  island was under the trusteeship of the allied power
 Later in the late 50s up to the 60s the policy shifted to
  RES NULLIUS
 But by 1971 under Marcos our policy changed it
  became more forceful and aggressive in its claims on
  spratly island Tomas cloma was jailed and under
  extreme duress cloma ceded all his rights to
  freedomland to the government in exchange for his
  freedom
 Freedomland became the KALAYAAN ISLAND as a 6th
  class municipality in the province of Palawan,
  Philippines. According to the latest census, it has a
  population of 114 people in 12 households.
   After the marcos era are claimed became ore passive
    and reserve even as are neighbors were plunge into
    Meany wars
   On May 23, 2011, Philippine President Benigno
    Aquino III warned the Chinese defense minister of a
    possible arms race in the region if tensions worsened
    over disputes in the South China Sea. Aquino said he
    told visiting Chinese Defense Minister in their meeting
    that such an arms race could result if there were more
    encounters in the disputed and potentially oil-rich
    Spratly islands
   In June 2011, the Philippines renamed the South
    China Sea and the Reed Bank as the West Philippine
    Sea and the Recto Bank partly because of renewed
    American interest in Asia and support for the treaty
    between the Philippines and America
THE CLAIM OF CHINA
 At first it was nationalist china ( A.K.A TAIWAN)
  AFTER WW2 claim the spratly island
 As early as 1946 after the defeat of Japan it
  established a garrison itu aba spratly island west
  York islands apparently to forestall French attempt
  to return to the area
 But abandoned it in 1950 because of two things 1.
  the fall of Hainan province to communist 2. all
  nationalist forces were deemed necessary for the
  defense of Taiwan itself
 It later retun its forces in 1956 partly because of
  tomas claims on freedomland
 The PRC and ROC base their claims on the belief that the
  islands have been an integral part of China for nearly two
  thousand years and that neighboring countries and European
  Powers took advantage of China's poor condition and
  diversity to impinge on its sovereignty.
 There out look on spratly goes all the way back to the han
  dynasty (206 B.C to 220 A.D) reflect contact of Chinese in the
  south china seas reflected in literature travel reports and local
  chronicles also cited was the maps drawn in the tang dynasty
  (618-907) and standardization of the island names under the
  song (1271-1368) an d the record of zheng he on voyages
  during the Ming (1368-1644) AND ALSO ! The permanent
  chinese fishermen in south china sea as early as the jin
  dynasty (265-420)
 china has been figthing for the spratlys as early as the late
  19th century in 1883 china protested the German surveys of
  the paracel and spratly in 1902 to preempt France ambitions
  on the spratly sent a naval task force to inspect the south
  china sea island planting its flags and marker, in 1911 the
  new republic put the parecel islands and the spratly on its
  Hainan province and in December 1947 even as the
  Chinese civil war was going the communist incorporated the
  two island into Guangdong province
 As the international acceptance of western concept of
  jurisdiction over fixed territories gained momentum like the
  UNCLOS which thus not consider historical claim to open
  seas china was forces to look for contemporary ways like
  protest official statements and agreements up until recent
  events rather than fully annexing it as it could do if it wanted
Vietnams claim
   Vietnam's response to China's claim is that
    Chinese records on Qianli Changsha and Wanli
    Shitang are in fact records about non-Chinese
    territories
   Vietnamese claims that it has occupied the
    Spratley and the Paracel islands at least since the
    17th century, when they were not under the
    sovereignty of any state, and that they exercised
    sovereignty over the two archipelagos
    continuously and peacefully until they were
    invaded by Chinese armed forces
   an atlas of Vietnam completed in 1838, Trường Sa was shown as
    Vietnamese territory Vietnam had conducted many geographical
    and resource surveys of the islandsThe results of these surveys
    have been recorded in Vietnamese literature and history published
    since the 17th century. After the treaty signed with the Nguyễn
    Dynasty, France represented Vietnam in international affairs and
    exercised sovereignty over the islands
   Under France. from the late 1920s upto WW2 the French too
    actively maintained a claim on spratly and annexing parts of it in
    1930s claim that Vietnam continued after independence, and also
    becaue of cloams claim of the freedom land
   In September 1973 veitnam award an off-shore oil exploration to
    multinational; companies and annex 11 other island 4 month later
    Chinese and south Vietnam naval clash in the parecel islands china
    won. Reunified Vietnam still increase its presence in the spratly by
    1987 in had 15 land feature in 1988 china and reunified Vietnam
    engaged in Johnson reef in spratly Vietnam lose in geopolitical
    term this enabled china to firm up and expand there military
    presence they set up there fist military on the same year
an atlas of
Vietnam
completed in
1838, Trường Sa
Vietnam soldiers
marching on Spratly
island
malaysia and brunei’s claim
  on 1977 Malaysia places sovereignty markers on eleven land
  features an by 1979 a Malaysia published NEW MAP depicting
  its territorial waters and continental shelf that is projected from
  sabah and sarawak which is composed of southern spratlys
  claimed also by china Vietnam and Philippines EX AMBOYANA
  BAY ( VIETNA MBY VIRTUE OF FRENCH CLAIM ), COMMODORE
  REEF ( RIZAL REEF) IN PHILIPINES , AND IN 1983
  ESTABLISHED A PERMANENT PRESENCE IN TEREMBU
  LAYANG LAYANG WHICH IT OPENED FOR TOURISM IN 1991
 BRUNEI SINCE 1984 HAS CLAIMED EXCLUSIVE FISHING
  ZONE from its coasline to the south china sea. But since 2003
  both countries has hold talk over ther conflicting claim. And on
  march 16 2009 Brunei sultan hassanal bolkiah and Malaysian
  priminister announced the establishment of commercial
  arrangement area (CAA) on oil and gas land demarcation and
  the unsupendable rights of maritime access between the two
  countries
   Occupied by China             Occupied        by
    (PRC)
   Johnson South Reef ·
                                     Malaysia
    Chigua Reef
   Mischief Reef · Meiji Reef      Ardasier Reef · Ubi Reef
   Subi Reef · Zhubi Reef          Dallas Reef · Laya Reef
                                    Erica Reef · Siput Reef
   Occupied by                     Investigator Shoal ·
                                     Peninjau Shoal
    Taiwan (ROC
                                    Louisa Reef · Semarang
                                     Barat Kecil Reef
   Itu Aba Island · Taiping
    Island                          Mariveles Reef ·
                                     Mantanani Reef
                                    Swallow Reef · Layang-
                                     Layang Island
 Occupied    by the              Occupied          by
    Philippines                      Vietnam
   Thitu Island · Pagasa           Spratly Island · Truong Sa
    Island                           Island
   West York Island · Likas        Southwest Cay · Song Tu
    Island                           Tay Island
   Northeast Cay · Parola          Sincowe Island · Sinh Ton
    Island                           Island
   Nanshan Island · Lawak          Sandcay · Son Ca Island
    Island                          Namyit Island · Nam Yet
                                     Island
   Loaita Island · Kota
    Island                          Amboyna Cay · An Bang
                                     Island
   Flat Island · Patag Island
   Lankiam Cay · Panata
    Island

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The spratly island dispute

  • 1.
  • 3. Trivia  There are no native  The Spratly Islands are a islanders but there are, at group of more than 750 least for now, rich fishing reefs, islets, atolls, cays grounds; the islands may and islands in the South contain significant China Sea reserves of oil and natural gas.  Was not occupied until France in the 1930 and  About 45 islands are later by Japan in WW2 occupied by relatively  comprise more than small numbers of 30,000 islands and reefs military forces from which complicate Vietnam, the People's governance Republic of China, the Republic of China (Taiwan), Malaysia and the Philippines.
  • 4.  after WW2 Japan and 49 other countries sign the treaty of peace in san Francisco on September 8 1951 . Japan renounces all right title and claim to the spratly islands and the paracel island.  However treaty does not say which of the nations is to have the right of title or claim to those islands  Again on April 28 1952 Japan and republic of china signed a separate treaty of peace in Taipei the two parties recognized that Japan had renounced all right title and claim to Taiwan and Penghu as well as the spratly and paracel islands again without specifying to which the two island belong
  • 5. The claim of the Philippines  Tomás Cloma (18 September 1904–1996) was a Filipino lawyer and businessman from the province of Bohol. Cloma was born in Panglao to Ciriaco Cloma, a Spanish settler, and Irena Arbolente, a native of Bohol.  Tomas cloma= a marine educator , started visiting the islands of the south china sea that are the closes to the Philippine around 1947  On May 11, 1956, together with 40 men, Tomas and his brother Filemon took formal possession of the islands, lying some 380 miles west of the southern end of Palawan and named it Freedomland ( FREE TERRITORY AND PROTECTED STATE OF THE PHILIPPINES )
  • 6. On July 6 1956 cloma cited strategic reasons behind his claim to freedom land ( an independent state) . He warned that red china could be recognized by the U.N by the end of the year he also pointed the resurgence of Japan U.K and France ( which used to have a claim on the islands ) and the rise of the Vietnams , which could pose a potential threat to the Philippines  There claim would also help avert the threats while at the same time sparing the Philippines legal complications of annexing new territory  The response of the government ( under Ramon Magsaysay ) was cautious ( although it accepted it ) limited to the use of the department of foreign affairs as to the use of government
  • 7.  At first the policy of our government was that the spratly island was under the trusteeship of the allied power  Later in the late 50s up to the 60s the policy shifted to RES NULLIUS  But by 1971 under Marcos our policy changed it became more forceful and aggressive in its claims on spratly island Tomas cloma was jailed and under extreme duress cloma ceded all his rights to freedomland to the government in exchange for his freedom  Freedomland became the KALAYAAN ISLAND as a 6th class municipality in the province of Palawan, Philippines. According to the latest census, it has a population of 114 people in 12 households.
  • 8. After the marcos era are claimed became ore passive and reserve even as are neighbors were plunge into Meany wars  On May 23, 2011, Philippine President Benigno Aquino III warned the Chinese defense minister of a possible arms race in the region if tensions worsened over disputes in the South China Sea. Aquino said he told visiting Chinese Defense Minister in their meeting that such an arms race could result if there were more encounters in the disputed and potentially oil-rich Spratly islands  In June 2011, the Philippines renamed the South China Sea and the Reed Bank as the West Philippine Sea and the Recto Bank partly because of renewed American interest in Asia and support for the treaty between the Philippines and America
  • 9.
  • 10. THE CLAIM OF CHINA  At first it was nationalist china ( A.K.A TAIWAN) AFTER WW2 claim the spratly island  As early as 1946 after the defeat of Japan it established a garrison itu aba spratly island west York islands apparently to forestall French attempt to return to the area  But abandoned it in 1950 because of two things 1. the fall of Hainan province to communist 2. all nationalist forces were deemed necessary for the defense of Taiwan itself  It later retun its forces in 1956 partly because of tomas claims on freedomland
  • 11.  The PRC and ROC base their claims on the belief that the islands have been an integral part of China for nearly two thousand years and that neighboring countries and European Powers took advantage of China's poor condition and diversity to impinge on its sovereignty.  There out look on spratly goes all the way back to the han dynasty (206 B.C to 220 A.D) reflect contact of Chinese in the south china seas reflected in literature travel reports and local chronicles also cited was the maps drawn in the tang dynasty (618-907) and standardization of the island names under the song (1271-1368) an d the record of zheng he on voyages during the Ming (1368-1644) AND ALSO ! The permanent chinese fishermen in south china sea as early as the jin dynasty (265-420)
  • 12.  china has been figthing for the spratlys as early as the late 19th century in 1883 china protested the German surveys of the paracel and spratly in 1902 to preempt France ambitions on the spratly sent a naval task force to inspect the south china sea island planting its flags and marker, in 1911 the new republic put the parecel islands and the spratly on its Hainan province and in December 1947 even as the Chinese civil war was going the communist incorporated the two island into Guangdong province  As the international acceptance of western concept of jurisdiction over fixed territories gained momentum like the UNCLOS which thus not consider historical claim to open seas china was forces to look for contemporary ways like protest official statements and agreements up until recent events rather than fully annexing it as it could do if it wanted
  • 13. Vietnams claim  Vietnam's response to China's claim is that Chinese records on Qianli Changsha and Wanli Shitang are in fact records about non-Chinese territories  Vietnamese claims that it has occupied the Spratley and the Paracel islands at least since the 17th century, when they were not under the sovereignty of any state, and that they exercised sovereignty over the two archipelagos continuously and peacefully until they were invaded by Chinese armed forces
  • 14. an atlas of Vietnam completed in 1838, Trường Sa was shown as Vietnamese territory Vietnam had conducted many geographical and resource surveys of the islandsThe results of these surveys have been recorded in Vietnamese literature and history published since the 17th century. After the treaty signed with the Nguyễn Dynasty, France represented Vietnam in international affairs and exercised sovereignty over the islands  Under France. from the late 1920s upto WW2 the French too actively maintained a claim on spratly and annexing parts of it in 1930s claim that Vietnam continued after independence, and also becaue of cloams claim of the freedom land  In September 1973 veitnam award an off-shore oil exploration to multinational; companies and annex 11 other island 4 month later Chinese and south Vietnam naval clash in the parecel islands china won. Reunified Vietnam still increase its presence in the spratly by 1987 in had 15 land feature in 1988 china and reunified Vietnam engaged in Johnson reef in spratly Vietnam lose in geopolitical term this enabled china to firm up and expand there military presence they set up there fist military on the same year
  • 15. an atlas of Vietnam completed in 1838, Trường Sa
  • 17. malaysia and brunei’s claim  on 1977 Malaysia places sovereignty markers on eleven land features an by 1979 a Malaysia published NEW MAP depicting its territorial waters and continental shelf that is projected from sabah and sarawak which is composed of southern spratlys claimed also by china Vietnam and Philippines EX AMBOYANA BAY ( VIETNA MBY VIRTUE OF FRENCH CLAIM ), COMMODORE REEF ( RIZAL REEF) IN PHILIPINES , AND IN 1983 ESTABLISHED A PERMANENT PRESENCE IN TEREMBU LAYANG LAYANG WHICH IT OPENED FOR TOURISM IN 1991  BRUNEI SINCE 1984 HAS CLAIMED EXCLUSIVE FISHING ZONE from its coasline to the south china sea. But since 2003 both countries has hold talk over ther conflicting claim. And on march 16 2009 Brunei sultan hassanal bolkiah and Malaysian priminister announced the establishment of commercial arrangement area (CAA) on oil and gas land demarcation and the unsupendable rights of maritime access between the two countries
  • 18. Occupied by China  Occupied by (PRC)  Johnson South Reef · Malaysia Chigua Reef  Mischief Reef · Meiji Reef  Ardasier Reef · Ubi Reef  Subi Reef · Zhubi Reef  Dallas Reef · Laya Reef  Erica Reef · Siput Reef  Occupied by  Investigator Shoal · Peninjau Shoal Taiwan (ROC  Louisa Reef · Semarang Barat Kecil Reef  Itu Aba Island · Taiping Island  Mariveles Reef · Mantanani Reef  Swallow Reef · Layang- Layang Island
  • 19.  Occupied by the  Occupied by Philippines Vietnam  Thitu Island · Pagasa  Spratly Island · Truong Sa Island Island  West York Island · Likas  Southwest Cay · Song Tu Island Tay Island  Northeast Cay · Parola  Sincowe Island · Sinh Ton Island Island  Nanshan Island · Lawak  Sandcay · Son Ca Island Island  Namyit Island · Nam Yet Island  Loaita Island · Kota Island  Amboyna Cay · An Bang Island  Flat Island · Patag Island  Lankiam Cay · Panata Island