The tiaga, or boreal forest circles the globe near the north pole. It is the second largest carbon sink on Earth.

1. THE TIAGA IS THE BOREAL FOREST
A COLD HABITAT
COPYRIGHT BY KELLA RANDOLPH, B.S., M.ED.
http://www.birdcanada.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/03/Boreal-Forest.-Photo-by-
Olga-Oslina.-Flickr-CC-image..jpg
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/93/Taiga_Landscape_in_Can
ada.jpg
https://cdn.pixabay.com/photo/2017/03/23/15/41/winter-2168642_960_720.jpg

2. WHAT DOES
“BOREAL” MEAN?
https://www.merriam-webster.com/www.merriam-
webster.com › dictionary › boreal
Boreal | Definition of Boreal by Merriam-Webster
Definition of boreal. 1 : of, relating to, or located in
northern regions boreal waters. 2 : of, relating to, or
comprising the northern biotic area characterized
especially by dominance of coniferous forests.
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ee/Drosera_anglica_habitat.JPG
Some areas are
marshland and habitat
to many wetlands
animals and plants.

3. BOREAL FORESTS
TEEM WITH LIFE
Top left: Boreal beaver
https://garryrogers.files.wordpress.com/2015/11/04166219-
bfde-4109-9b79-de1ad78a17bd.jpg?w=584
Top right: Boreal raccoon
https://cdn.pixabay.com/photo/2017/07/12/22/40/raccoon-
2498595_640.jpg
Bottom left: Boreal bobcat
https://c.pxhere.com/photos/f7/b0/cat_germany_deutschland_
zoo_nikon_feline_asia_europe-576313.jpg!d
Bottom right: Boreal owl
https://c2.staticflickr.com/8/7207/7137001023_a4225b9a7b_b.
jpg

4. Canada’s boreal forest is the breeding
ground for more than 300 species of birds.
Millions of birds rely on Canada’s boreal
forest for survival.
Some species rely almost exclusively on
the boreal forest for breeding habitat: for
as many as 35 species, more than 80% of
their overall Western Hemisphere
population breeds within the boreal forest.
Each spring, between 1 to 3 billion birds
begin making their way up to North
America's boreal forest. Some have shorter
trips from the Lower 48 while others begin
their journeys as far away as southern
South America. During peak migration,
millions of individual birds may cross the
U.S. border into Canada toward the boreal
forest on any given day or night. Many
species of birds do in fact migrate at night,
so that the migration of these huge
numbers of birds can go largely
undetected. Many will stop in places
scattered throughout the U.S. along the
way, becoming the beloved backyard birds
of spring and fall migration we have come
to know and cherish.
Source:
https://www.borealbirds.org/what-is-
boreal-bird
https://orchardparkway.files.wordpress.com/2015/05/map-migration.jpg

5. WHERE IS THE TIAGA?
THE TAIGA IS THE WORLD'S
LARGEST BIOME, CIRCLING THE
PLANET IN THE NORTHERN
HEMISPHERE. IT IS ALSO FOUND IN
HIGH ELEVATIONS IN THE MORE
TEMPERATE ZONES. IT IS LOCATED
IN PARTS OF ASIA, SUCH AS SIBERIA,
RUSSIA, AND THE HIMALAYAS. IT IS
ALSO LOCATED IN PARTS OF
CANADA.
Thewildclassroom.com
https://allscienceconsidered.files.wordpress.com/2009/12/biomes.jpg
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/66/Vegetationszone_Borealer_Nadelwald.
png

6. TAIGA, GENERALLY REFERRED TO IN NORTH
AMERICA AS BOREAL FOREST OR SNOW
FOREST, IS A BIOME CHARACTERIZED BY
CONIFEROUS FORESTS CONSISTING MOSTLY
OF PINES, SPRUCES, AND LARCHES. THE TAIGA
OR BOREAL FOREST IS THE WORLD'S LARGEST
LAND BIOME. WIKIPEDIA
BIOME: TERRESTRIAL SUBARCTIC, HUMID
Distribution of the circumboreal zone (Eurasia
based on Lavrenko and Sochava 1954, Ahti et
al. 1968, Denisov 1970, and Kurnaev 1990;
North America is that of Brandt 2009)
Picture: http://ibfra.org/about-boreal-forests/

7. CANADA'S BOREAL FOREST COMPRISES
ABOUT ONE THIRD OF THE
CIRCUMPOLAR BOREAL FOREST THAT
RINGS THE NORTHERN HEMISPHERE,
MOSTLY NORTH OF THE 50TH PARALLEL.
WIKIPEDIA
DID YOU KNOW: IT IS ESTIMATED THAT
32 000 INSECT SPECIES INHABIT
CANADA'S BOREAL FOREST, ALTHOUGH
ABOUT ONE THIRD OF THESE SPECIES
HAVE YET TO BE DESCRIBED. HWW.CA
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia
/commons/thumb/2/28/Ptilium_crista-
castrensis.jpg/1200px-Ptilium_crista-
castrensis.jpg

8. As one of the largest and last intact
wildernesses on Earth, Canada's
boreal forest provides crucial habitat
for millions of species, supports a
thriving resource industry and,
according to a new report, contains
what could be Canada's — and the
world's — best asset in the fight
against climate change: wetlands.
CANADA'S BOREAL
WETLANDS ARE
KEY TO FIGHTING
CLIMATE CHANGE
Boreal wetland in the Northwest Territories. A quarter of the world's wetlands are found in the Canadian boreal forest. (Photo: Chad Delany
https://www.canadiangeographic.ca/article/canadas-boreal-wetlands-are-key-fighting-climate-change-report)
By Alexandra Pope
February 2, 2017 https://www.canadiangeographic.ca/article/canadas-boreal-wetlands-are-key-fighting-climate-change-report

9. MANY CREATURES
LIVE IN THE BOREAL
FOREST
Most have very thick fur to ward off the
cold. Some can also become white in
winter to become less visible to
predators, like this ermine as he
appears during summer, then in winter.
https://caterpickles.files.wordpress.com/2016/12/leastweaselwintersummermrsholman7reddit.jpg?w=640&h=384

10. WHAT IS A TAIGA?
THE TAIGA, ALSO KNOWN AS THE BOREAL FOREST, IS A COLD HABITAT. TAIGA IS A RUSSIAN WORD FOR MARSHY PINE
FOREST. THE FORESTS IN THE TAIGA ALSO MAKE UP ABOUT 17% OF EARTH'S VEGETATED LAND SURFACE. WINTERS ARE LONG
, COLD, AND FROZEN. SUMMERS ARE SHORT AND WARM.
▪ Tiaga is pronounced almost like “tiger”.
Just do not pronounce the “r”. So you
hear “tigah”.
http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-jqsaFDZQTlk/UeNyhOYR0YI/AAAAAAAAb0g/c4s5pr5Sktc/s1600/bears.jpg
http://www.mediacoop.ca/sites/mediacoop.ca/files2/mc/imagecache/bigimg/Boreal-Forest1_0.jpg

11. http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-
ocReQ9NtJOQ/Ts6XH5d9l6I/AAAAA
AAAAuQ/VO3LmX8k4pQ/s320/red
es-troficas-en-un-bioma-subpolar-
fuente-eeb-maestro-juan-pablo.jpg
THE TIAGA FOOD
WEB PHOT FROM
WIKISPACES.COM

12. MAMMALS OF THE TIAGA INCLUDE
Squirrel:
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/
thumb/d/dd/MattiParkkonen_Orava.jpg/730px-
MattiParkkonen_Orava.jpg
http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-
zzIC7JLtV1s/T7LoAmRWfBI/AAAAAAAAJ5g/oxDkaTSzd
3E/s400/Lynx.jpg
https://caravanistan.com/wpcontent/uploads/2016/10/wolverine-west-
altai.jpg
Caribou:
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Caribou_dan
s_la_taiga.jpg/1024px-Caribou_dans_la_taiga.jpg
Caribou
Wolverine
Black Bear
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Medv
ed_mzoo.jpg/220px-Medved_mzoo.jpg
Lynx
https://farm3.staticflickr.com/2011/2458717897_51db7b
bdf3_z.jpg
Gray Wolf

13. ANIMALS ADAPTATION
▪ Most of the animals in this biome are
mammals, such as moose, snowshoe hares,
arctic fox, arctic wolves, squirrels, ermines,
elk, deer, wolverines, moles, lynxes, and
grizzly bears. Here are some arctic hares,
first with winter coat, then with summer
coat.
http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-
ocReQ9NtJOQ/Ts6XH5d9l6I/AAAAAAAAAuQ/VO3LmX8k4pQ/s320/redes-troficas-en-un-
bioma-subpolar-fuente-eeb-maestro-juan-pablo.jpg
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Arctic_H
are_area.png/220px-Arctic_Hare_area.png
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Arctic_Hare.jpg/1200px-
Arctic_Hare.jpg

14. BIRDS OF THE TIAGA
▪ There are birds, such as eagles, owls,
peregrine falcons, snowy owls, and
snow geese, and insects, such as
mosquitoes, and ants.
Tundra of the Alaskan Coast
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ee/Tundra_coastal_vegetation_Alaska.jpg
https://c2.staticflickr.com/6/5137/5547554818_70df39b719_z.jpg
Tiaga goose

15. ▪ https://textimgs.s3.amazonaws.com/boundless-biology/figure-44-03-08.jpe
TAIGA, GENERALLY REFERRED TO IN NORTH AMERICA AS BOREAL FOREST OR SNOW FOREST, IS A BIOME CHARACTERIZED
BY CONIFEROUS FORESTS CONSISTING MOSTLY OF PINES, SPRUCES, AND LARCHES. THE TAIGA OR BOREAL FOREST IS THE
WORLD'S LARGEST LAND BIOME. WIKIPEDIA
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Vegetation.png/1200px-
Vegetation.png

16. It has been said that we often don’t
know what we had until it’s gone.
Because the tiaga produces oxygen
and holds carbon, we depend on it
for our lives. Please protect it.
LIKE ALL OTHER
NATURAL WILDERNESS
AREAS, THE TIAGA IS
ENDANGERED.
LOGGING AND GLOBAL
WARMING ARE
DRASTICALLY ALTERING
THE BIOME.
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Vaccinium_vitis-idaea_20060824_003.jpg/290px-Vaccinium_vitis-idaea_20060824_003.jpg