SlideShare une entreprise Scribd logo
1  sur  64
Télécharger pour lire hors ligne
-RQDV%LOLÌQDV
/LÌGQDSDVDND
3DUVDSQ³
$WJXOLDX³ORY.ÌQDVEXYRSDLOV
VQXRVLOSQRYDOJLRLUGLHQRVGDUERJDOYDVXQNLLU
DSVYDLJLQWDUÌSHVQLDLVLUQHLãULãWDLVNODXVLPDLVNXULHNDLSWþLDOLQGR³JDOYNODLGåLRMRSR
XUYHOLXV PDQR VPDJHQÐ LU QHUDVGDPL WHQ JHLVWLQRV LãHLJRV ULQNRVL³ NXRS LU NDLS UÌNDV
GDQJVW¡PDQRSURW2UJDQL]PDVSDJHLGDYRDWLOVLREHWDXVVHQXRVXMXGLQWÐGULNVQLÐÌå¡LU
VNDPE¡MRYLVRNLEDOVDLRVXNHOWRVOLÌGQRVPLQWVNDLSPDãDODLVXN¡VLSRPDQRJDOYLULOJDL
QHGDY¡XåPLJWL$QWJDORDSVQÌGDXLUPDQRRPHQ
SUDG¡MRODQNWLQHULPÌVVDSQLDL
3DVLMXWDX WDUWXP ãYLHVLRM SDVDXO¡MH NXUL PHV YDGLQDPH GDQJXPL NXU DXJD URMDXV
PHGåLDL JLHGD VWHE¡WLQL SDXNãþLDL NXU PÌVÐ ãYHQWL VHQW¡YLDL JYHQD EH MRNLÐ UÌSHVQLÐ LU
YDUJÐGUVLÐPLVOLÐLUSDJHLGLPвLUSDPDþLDXSDW³6XWYHUWRMVYLHWR-LVV¡G¡MRDQWDQNãWR
VSLQGDQþLR VRVWR LU YLVD PDWDQþLRPLV DNLPLV PDORQLDL YHL]¡MR DQW YLVRV SDVDXO¡V LU DQW
QHVXVNDLWRPÐ PLQLÐ DQLROÐ LU ãYHQWÐMÐ NOÌSDQþLÐ DSOLQNXL MR VRVW %HW ÌPDL MR YHLG
DSVLDXW¡ WLN N XåPDWRPDV UÌSHVQLR ãHãXRO¡WLV LU SDãDXN
V Lã PLQLRV DSOLQNXL VWRYHQþLÐ
DQLROMLVWDU¡MDP
²7LNUDVWDUQHQHVN³VLXQþLDXWDYHSLOGWLPDQRSDOLHSLPXVDQWåHP¡VVLXQþLXLU
GDEDU .HOLDXN SDV YLHQ GLHYREDLPLQJ åPRJHO³ ÌNLQLQN äDJDU³ LU SDVNU
V QXR NÌQÐ
DWQHãNGÌãLDVMRPOLPÐVÌQDXVLUGXNWHU¡VODLDPåLQRMODLP¡MMLHJDUELQD6XWYHUWRMVDYR
1RULV VXQNLDL NRYRMX QHSLOGDQþLXV SULVDNPÐ PDQR EHW QHXåPLUãWX PDåLDXVLRMR Lã
WDUQDXMDQþLÐPDQ'¡OWRQRULXSDODLPLQWLäDJDULRãHLPQQHVMLVYLVDGRVEXYRWLNUXWDUQX
PDQR1RULVPDWDXGLG
MRPHLO
SULHYDLNÐEHWåLQDXNDGMRVÌQXVJYHQGDPDVDQWåHP¡V
LãHLWÐ PRNVOXV LU XåPLUã
V YDUG 6XWYHUWRMDXV VDYR NLOWÐ SULHã YDOGåL LU VHQXV ³VWDWPXV
PDQRRGXNW¡³VLWLN¡GDPDEUROLXLVHNWÐS¡GRPLVMRSUDSXOWLHV²LUWXRQHWLNWDLDEX²
GDEDU EÌGDPL QHNDOWDLV ² SUDåXGWÐ GÌãLDV VDYR EHW GDUJL XåNLUVWÐ NHOL LãJDQPXL VDYR
W¡YRQHVDQWMRSXOWÐYLVLSDUåHQJLPDLYDLNÐ'¡OWRHLNLãWUDXNLHMDXQDVGÌãLDVQXRSUDSXOWLHV
DPåLQRVNDGGLHYREDLPLQJDVW¡YDVQHPDWWÐSDNOGXVLDLVYDLNÐVDYREHWJDO¡WÐVXVHLWLVX
jais pas mane...
*LUG¡MDX NDLS SR WÐ 6XWYHUWRMDXV åRGåLÐ QHVXVNDLWRPRV PLQLRV DQLROÐ LU ãYHQWÐMÐ
VWHEXNOLQJDLVEDOVDLVSUDG¡MRJDUELQWL9LHãSDW³VDYRLUPDþLDXNDLSDQLRODVPRVWHU¡M
VVDYR
EDOWDLVVSDUQDLVLUYLHQDPDNLHVPLUNVQMSDUVNULG
VQHDSUXEHåLXRWSORWRURWHUSGDQJDXVLU
åHP¡V ³OLQGR SUR ODQJ ³ VWRYLQþL DQW 'XEVRV NUDQWR äDJDULR JUþL NDG WHQ LãSLOGWL
SDOLHSLP9LHãSDWLHVVDYR
3DVNXL VWDLJX YLVNDV DWVLPDLQ¡ ² LU Dã SDVLMXWDX QHGLGHO¡M EDåQþLRM %XYR GDU
DQNVWXV UWDV %RELQþLXM SRWHULDYR VXNODXS
 NHOLRV PRWHUV LU GX DSGULVNXVLX XEDJX
]DNULVWLMRQDVVXN¡VLDSLHDOWRULÐPDWWNXQLQJDVWDLV¡VLLãHLWLPLãLRQ$ãVWRY¡MDXSULHVLHQRV
LUURGRVNDLSQLHNDGRVQHEXY
VEDåQþLRMGDLULDXVLDSOLQNXLSULVLYHL]¡GDPDVLUNOÌSDQþLRPV
PRWHULPVLUVSLQGDQþLDPSDSXRãWDPOLNWRULDLVLUEUDQJLXNUåLXDOWRULXL6WDLJXQXRJDWY¡V
GDY¡VLJLUG¡WLOLÌGQDJDLGDJLHVP¡VNXULNDVNDUWGDU¡VL DLãNHVQ¡ LU EDOVHVQ¡ ² LU ãWDL SUR
DWYLUDVEDåQþLRVGXULV³¡MRNXRSDOLÌGQDLJLHGDQþLÐPRWHUÐLUYUÐQHãLQGDPDPDåJUDE
7DLEXYRODLGRWXY¡V1Hã¡MDLSDVWDW¡JUDEDQWPRUÐJLHVP¡VEDOVDVQXWLOR²LUYLVLåPRQ¡V
LãVLVNLUVW
 SR EDåQþL VXNODXS
 ¡P¡ SRWHULDXWL 7NLDL JXO¡MR JUDEH ODYRQDV âWDL SUR
EDåQþLRVGXULVSDPDþLDX³HLQDQW³VXVLNXPSLQXV³YLGXWLQLRÌJLRåPRJÐ-LVVNXELQDLSUL¡MR
SULHJUDERLUSXRO
VDQWNHOLÐSUDG¡MREXþLXRWLåHP
LUEDOVLDLYHUNWL*DUVDVMRYDLWRMLPR
VNODLG¡VL SR EDåQþL LU DWVLPXãGDPDV QXR MRV VLHQÐ NDLS OLÌGQD JDLGD VNDPE¡MR
SRWHULDXMDQþLÐ DXVVH GDVLHNGDPDV MÐ ãLUGLV 'YL DSVHQL PRWHUL SULMXRVW¡PLV ãOXRVW¡ VDX
YHLG2VHQDVVXVLNXPSLQ
VåPRJXVYLVYHUN¡MRJDLOHVWLQJDJDLGDNLOVWDQWLYLVDXNãþLDXLU
DXNãþLDXWUXNG¡SRWHULDXMDQWLHPVPDOG²LUYLVLQHULPDVWLQJDLGDLU¡VLDSOLQNXL'XYULãNX
SUL¡MRSULHYDLWRMDQþLRåPRJDXVLUUDPLDLSULNDOELQ¡GDPLVWHQJ¡VLLãYHVWLM³ODXNDQ%HWMLV
LãVSUXNRMLHPLãUDQNÐSULE¡JRSULH$OWRULDXVLUSDUSXRO
VDQWYHLGRVXULNRDSVYDLJLQWDVQXR
LãWLNWRVQHODLP¡V
²'LHYHQHSDVLJDLO¡þLDXSDVNXWLQ³ãLPWUXEOLÐWDXDWLGXRWLNDGWLNWDLVXJUåLQWXP
PDQVÌQÐ
9LHQDPH XåNDPSM NDVåLQ NDV VXVLMXRN¡ EHW WXRMDXV QXWLOR ² WLNWDL JLUG¡MRVL
SULGY¡VLQWD åPRJDXV UDXGD DQW YLVÐ YHLGÐ PDW¡VL QXVLPLQLPDV LãJVWLV QHNXULRV PRWHUV
GLHYREDLPLQJDL OLQJDYR VDYR EDOWRPLV JDOYRPLV 9DLWRMDQW³ åPRJÐ VNXELQDL LãYHG¡ Lã
EDåQþLRV0DþLDXVNDXVPDLVLãYDJRWMRYHLGSDEDOXVLDVLãYHUVWDVDNLVMDXþLDXGHMDYLPXV
MRãLUGLHVJLUG¡MDXNDLSXåNLPXVLXSULGY¡VLQWXEDOVXMLVVDN¡
— O Dieve, Dieve!..
².DVWDVQHODLPLQJDV²PLVOLMDXVWRY¡GDPV
² 7DL ² äDJDULV QDEDãQLQNR W¡YDV ² WDU¡ WORP Lã XåSDNDOLR ² OJ åLQRGDPDV
PDQRPLVO³²QHJLUG¡WDVPDQEDOVDV
$ã DWVLJU
åLDX ãDOLS PDQ
V VWRY¡MR QHSDå³VWDPDV JDOLQJDV åPRJXV ODEDL DXNãWDV
UÌVWDXVULPWRYHLGRVXSDLOJDNXSURWDQRVHLULOJDLVMXRGDLVSODXNDLVMRMXRGRVNDLSDQJOLDL
DNVGHJ¡QDUVXPXLUVXSDVLGLGåLDYLPXYHL]¡MRDSOLQNXLYHLGDVMREXYRãYLHVXVLUVSLQGDQWLV
GUDEXåLÐMRNLÐQHWXU¡MR
².DPWHLSVNDXGåLDLQXEDXG¡'LHYDVWYLUWDLWLNLQW³äDJDU³²SUDWDULDXDãULPWDP
JDOLÌQXL
²7DL²QH'LHYRNDOWLV²DWVDN¡MLV
².DLSWDL²QXVLVWHE¡MDX²$ãSDWVPDþLDXNDLS'LHYDVVLXQW¡DQLROQXåXGWL
äDJDULRYDLNXV
²7DL²YDLVLXVWDYROLJRWÐPLQþLвDWU¡P¡MLVY¡O²7DYRSDWLHVLãVYDMRWDVOLJRV
SDYHLNVODVWDVYDLNDVQXPLU¡QXRUDXSÐOLJRVWDUSHMÌVÐSDþLÐJLPXVLRV,UMÌVWLNWDLSDUVDYR
VLOSQXP LHãNRWH YLVNDP SULHåDVWLHV VYHWXU NDOWLQDWH 'LHY WHLVE¡V LU SURWR 7X VDNDL
7YLUWDLWLNLQWLVäDJDULV´²WUDXN¡MLVWROLDXV²DEHMRMXQHJDOLEÌWLWYLUWDLVQ¡WLN¡MLPHQ¡
VDYR GDUEXRVH VLOSQL åPRQ¡V NXULH QHVXSUDVGDPL VDYR VS¡NÐ ODXNLD ODLP¡V Lã VYHWXU R
QHåLQRNDGWDODLP¡VOHSLDVLLUJYXRMDMÐSDþLÐGYDVLRMHNXULHYLVN²LUODLP
LUPHLO
LU
GDQJвSHUNDDUEDWLNLVLQXSLUNWLXåSLQLQJXVWHLSSDWNDLSWDVQHODLPLQJDVGLHYREDLPLQJDV
äDJDULVQRULQWLVQHODLP¡MHXåSLQLQJXVLãSLUNWLQXR'LHYRVDYRYDLNXV'¡ONRMÌV²NDOE¡MR
DWVLJU
åGDPDVSULHPDQ
VJDOLÌQDV²ODXNLDWHYLVNRQXRNLWÐRQHDWNUHLSLDWHDWLGRVDQWVDYR
SDWRV NXU UD WLHN XåVLVO¡SXVLRV HQHUJLMRV LU VS¡NÐ NXU JDOLWH DWUDVWL WLNU ãDOWLQ³ ODLP¡V
3DåLQ
 VDYR GYDVLãNDV VS¡NDV DWPHVWXP¡W MÌVÐ SDþLÐ LãVYDMRWDV ãP¡NODV LU OLJRWDV PLQWLV
VXSUDW
VDYRJDO
VXQDXGRWXP¡WM³JLMLPXLWDUSHåPRQLÐYLVXRWLQ¡VODLP¡VWXU¡WXP¡WWYLUW
WLN¡MLPLUSDVLYHGLPVDYRGDUEXRVHLUWLNUDL SDåLQWXP¡W 'LHY WHLVE¡V SURWR LU OJE¡V
'DEDUJLMÌVHVDWHWLNWDL VDYH POLQþLDLV VLOSQDLV HJRLVWDLV NXULH QHODLP¡MH PLQGR NRMRPLV
WXRVSULHãNXULXVQHVHQLDLGDUGUHE¡MRLUPHOG¡VLäLÌU¡NMHLQHWLNL²WDU¡MLVSD¡P
VPDQH
XåUDQNRV
$ãSDN¡OLDXDNLVLUVWDLJXSDPDþLDXNDGMDXQHEHEDåQþLRMPHVHVDPHEHWäDJDULR
JUþLRM $QW ORYRV JXO¡MR EDOWDL DSWDLVWDV ODYRQDV PDåRV PHUJLN¡V NXUL DSVLNDELQXVL
JUDXGåLDLYHUN¡DSVHQLPRWHULãN¡ýLDSDWSULHORYRVV¡G¡MRGDUWUVPRWHUVLUSULMXRVW¡PLV
ãOXRVW¡VDXYHLGXV*UþLDEXYRWXãþLD%HWãWDLDWVLGDURGXUVLU³HLQDW¡YDVäDJDULVWLNWDLN
VÌQÐ SDODLGRM
V -R GX YDLNX VWDLJX DSVLUJR UDXSO¡PLV VÌQXV SDVLPLU¡ EHW DQW GXNW¡V
SDVYHLNLPRW¡YDVWXU¡MRGDUYLOW³'DEDULãYG
VMDXODYRQVXNDXN¡NDLSDNPHQLXSULVO¡JWDV
LU SXRO¡ SULH GXNWHUV SDVNXL VWDLJX DWVLN¡O¡ LU NDLS SDEOÌG
V SUDG¡MR E¡JLRWL SR JUþL
0DþLDXNDLSMLVGUDVN¡QXRVLHQÐSDYHLNVOXVãYHQWÐMÐLUPQLRMRMXRVSRNRMÐJLUG¡MDXNDLS
MLVYDLWRMRXåNLPXVLXLUSULGY¡VLQWXEDOVXNDUWRGDPV9LHãSDWLHNDLSWXPDQWDLSLUDãWDX´
0DþLDXNDLSQXWY¡U
VLãSDVXROLRNLUY³LãE¡JRSURGXULV³ODQNLUSUDG¡MRNDSRWLVWRYLQW³DUWL
NUåLÐYLVNDUWRGDPVXåNLPXVLXEDOVX9LHãSDWLHNDLSWXPDQWHLSLUDãWDX´*LUG¡MDXNDLS
NUåLXVVXWULXNãPXNULWRDQWåHP¡VLUNDLSäDJDULVYROLRGDPDVLVSRNLHPLUGUDVNGDPVVDX
plaukus, lyg kaukdams vaitojo...
,UY¡OVWDLJXYLVNDVDWVLPDLQ¡$ã¡MDXVXULPWXJDOLÌQXNHOLX-LVåHQJ¡ODEDLJUHLWDLLU
DãNDLSPDåDVYDLNDVWLNVS¡MDXSDVNXLM³E¡JWL
²0DWDLGDEDUWYLUWXPMÌVÐWLN¡MLPR²NDOE¡MR JDOLÌQDV ² 7DV G¡O WR NDG MÌV
QHVLWLNLW SDWV VDX LU WLNWDL QXR NLWÐ ODXNLDWH ODLP¡V PLVOLMDWH NDG JHUL GDLNWDL SDHLQD QXR
JHURVREORJL²QXRSLNWRVGYDVLRVWXRWDUSXNDGMÌVSDWVHVDWHYDOGRQDLVVDYREÌYLRSDWV
JLPGRWH YDLVLXV VDYR SDVLHOJLPÐ WLNWDL QHPRNDWH QDXGRWLV Lã VDYR GYDVLãNÐ VS¡NÐ ²
QHLãWUDXNLDWHMÐDLNãW¡QEHWVOHSLDWHJLOP¡MVDYRQXYHUJWRVSDWRVQXRMÌVÐSDþLÐDNLÐ.LHN
MÌVVXQHãDWDXNÐVDYRNYDLOXPXLVDYRVLOSQDLGYDVLDL.LHNSUDåXG¡WPDåÐNÌGLNLÐDQWDXNRV
PHODJLQJLHPV GLHYDLWLHPV NLHN VXGHJLQRW QDUVLÐ SURWR YUÐ LU QHNDOWÐ PRWHUÐ NLHN GDU LU
GDEDU SDGHGDW VDYR NUDXMR SXRãGDPL DXNVX MÐ ãP¡NODV 2 WXR WDUSX WLNUR 'LHYR 'LHYR
WHLVE¡VSURWRLUOJE¡VQHSDå³VWDW-ÌVYHUJDLYHONDQWLHMLDQWVDYRVSUDQGRMXQJ-ÌVM³
YHONDWH MDX QH YLHQ WÌNVWDQW³ PHWÐ LU OLJL ãLROHL QHJDOLWH QXR MR QXVLNUDWWL -ÌV DQW VDYR
VSUDQGRXåVLG¡MRWHYDOGRQXVLUQXRMÐRQHQXRSLNWRVGYDVLRVSDHLQDEORJLDSVLUHLãNLPDL
MÌVÐJYHQLPR3DYHL]¡NDSOLQNXL²WDU¡MLVPRVWHU¡M
VUDQND²PDWDLJDXMGLGåWXUþLÐLU
YDOGRQÐ ODLNDQþLÐ VDYR OHWHQ DQW ãLPWÐ WÌNVWDQþLÐ LU PLOLMRQÐ åPRQLÐ $U PDWDL NRNLXV
WXUWXVWLHQXYHUJWLåPRQ¡VNUDXQDVDYRYDOGRQDPVRSDWVWXRWDUSXVNXUVWDYDUJXRVH-ÌV
P¡JVWDWHNDOWLQWLVDYRQHODLP¡VH SLNWDV GYDVLDV LU YLVRNLXV PDLãWLQLQNXV WLNLWH NDG MLH UD
ãDOWLQLX MÌVÐ YDUJÐ ² R WXR WDUSX QHPDWRWH NDG GLGåLDXVLX MÌVÐ SULHãX UD YDOGåLD NXUL
SDUNUHLSGDPD WLN¡MLP VLÌOR MXPV QXVLåHPLQLP LU YDUJXV R DSLH EUROVW
 LU OJLDV WLHVDV
XåPLUãWD9DUGDQWRVYDOGåLRVOLHMDVLNUDXMDVYDUJXROLÐYLHãSDWDXMDWDPVE¡SRMRVSULHJORED
GLGåWXUþLDLWUDXNLDLãMÌVÐSDVNXWLQHVVYDVGRURVLãMXRNLDLUPLQGRSRNRMÐMÌVÐVHVHULVSDU
JLUWXRNOVW
LUNLWXV³UDQNLXVDWLPD³VDYRNLãHQ³QXRMÌVÐSDVNXWLQ³NUXYLQDLXåGLUEWJUDã³1H
SLNWRVGYDVLRVQHPDLãWLQLQNDLDUGRMÌVÐJYHQLPQHMLHXåG¡MRMXPVMXQJDQWVSUDQGREHW
WRV ãP¡NORV NXULDV JDUELQLPXL MÌV SDWV LãPLVOLMRWH WLH YDOGRQDL SR NXULÐ OHWHQD VX
QXVLåHPLQLPX SDG¡MRWH VDYR VSUDQGXV 7HLVE¡ PDLãWLQLQNDL ² SULHãDL YDOGRQÐ NXULH
VNULDXGåLD LU YHUJLD åPRQHV MLH YLVDGRV NRYRV SULHã WHULRQLãNXV YDOGåLRV DSVLUHLãNLPXV ²
NRNLDWDYDOGåLDQHEÌWвYLVXRPHWV¡MRLUV¡VSDVLSULHãLQLPRJUÌGXVåPRQLÐãLUGVH'¡OWR
YDOGRQDL NHLNLD VDYR SULHãXV Lã VDNNOÐ SLNWRV GYDVLRV ãDOLQLQNDLV MXRV YDGLQGDPL %HW
SLNWRPLVGYDVLRPLVMLHUDWLNWDLG¡OYDOGåLRV-XPVJLMLHUDJHULDXVLDLVGUDXJDLVQHãLRWRMDLV
ODLVY¡VVWLSUE¡VQDUVXPRLUOJE¡V7LHYLVLPDLãWLQLQNDLVXGHJLQWLDQWODXåÐSURWRYUDL
NDQNLQDPLLUSDUVHNLRMDPLGXRGDMXPVSXLNLDXV³SDY]G³NRYRVLUSDVLSULHãLQLPRWHULRQLãNDL
YDOGåLDLVHNGDPLWXRMÐSDY]GåLXMÌVWREXOLQDWVDYRJYHQLPJHULQDWEÌY³QHãDWHDQWVDYR
SHþLÐ YLVRV åPRQLMRV JHUHVQ
 DWHLW³ LU ODLP
 7LNWDL HLNLWH WXR NHOLX QXPHW
 ãP¡NODV LU
WHULRQXVQXRVDYRVSUDQGRRLãWUDXN
DLNãW¡QVDYRVS¡NDVVGDULUEUROLãNXVMDXVPXV²
WDGDJUHLWDLGDVLHNVLWHODLP¡V³JVLWHWYLUWWLN¡MLPWXU¡VLWHYLVLYLHQRGWHLVLQJ'LHY
7HLSNDOE¡GDPDVJDOLÌQDVDWPHW¡XåGDQJDOLUSDURG¡PDQQXYHUJWåPRQLM0DþLDX
YDLWRMDQþLXV YHUJXV DXNDXMDPXV PHODJLQJLHPV GLHYDLWLHPV NÌGLNLXV GHJLQDPXV DQW ODXåR
SURWRYUXVLU PRWHULV NRYRMDQþLXV WDUS VDY
V EUROLXV LU SDU YDOGåLRV SULVSULP OLHMDQþLXV
NUDXM VDYR DUWLPR PDþLDX GLGåWXUþLÐ NDPEDULXRVH LãMXRNWDV LU SDQLHNLQWDV YDUJXROLÐ
GXNWHULV JYXOLãNDL SDUGXROLRMDPDV PRWHULV LU YDLNXV GDUELQLQNXV QXR YDUJÐ LU VXQNDXV
GDUERSDMXRGDYXVLXVOLJRWXVDWLGXRGDQþLXVVDYRVS¡NDVLUJYDVW³SLQLQJXRþLDPV*LUG¡MDXWÐ
QHODLPLQJÐMÐYDLWRMLPXVLUNHLNVPXVOLHPVPXLMDXþLDXVNDXVPXVMÐQXåHPLQWRVSDPLQWRVSR
NRMÐSDWRVLUVLDXUXVDSVLUHLãNLPXVMÐGYDVLRVLUPDQRãLUGLVSOãRLãJDLOHVþLR
² 3DVDNN NDV WX WRNV HVL LãPRNLQN N UHLNLD GDUWL ² VXULNDX QHVDYX EDOVX
WYHUGDPVXåUDQNRVJDOLÌQ²EHWVWDLJXDWEXGDXLUYLVNDVSUDQNR-DXþLDXWLNWDLNUÌWLQ¡M
VPDUNÐSODNLPãLUGLHVYLVLNÌQRVQDULDLVNDXG¡MRJDOYDEXYRVXQNLLUNDUãWDYHLGDVLãSLOWDV
SUDNDLWXDXVVHVNDPE¡MRLUÌå¡YLVRNLEDOVDLRXåODQJRNDLSDWEDOVLVQHODLPLQJÐYDUJXROLÐ
EHSDUVWRMDXVNDXN¡VWDXJ¡LUYHUN¡ãLDXULQLVY¡MDV
1901.XII.26
3LUPXWLQLVVWUHLNDV
$WPHQXEXYDXGDUMDXQDVJLPQD]LMRVPRNLQV
1RUVMDXSDYDVDULRVDXO¡OLQNVPDLåLÌU¡MRSURPDQRODQJQRUVODXNHVSURJRLUåG¡MR
PHGåLDLYLHQRNV¡G¡MDXVDYRNDPEDUUHQJLDXVSULHHJ]DPLQLÐ%XYRUWDVJLHGUDVUDPXVLU
PDORQXV«
âWDLDWVLGDURPDQRNDPEDULRGXUVLUXåGXV
VVXNDLW
VVXOLQNVPDLGHJDQþLRPDNLP
³E¡JD5RNXVPDQRGUDXJDV
²$UåLQDLN²VXãXNRMLV²GDUELQLQNDLVWUHLNXRMD
².DVNXU²NODXVLXDãSDãRN
VLULãN¡W
VDNLV
²6DNDXGDUELQLQNDLVWUHLNXRMD²U¡NLDPRMXRGDPDVUDQNRP5RNXV²-XN
ãLDQGLHQSLUPDJHJXå¡V
3LUPDJHJXå¡VVWUHLNXRMD´²SHUHLQDSHUJDOYPLVOLVQXãYLHþLDSURWSDVLGDUR
OLQNVPDLUOHQJYDLãGåLDXJVPRQRULVLLUYHUNWLLUMXRNWLVLUãRNWL
'DUELQLQNDLVWUHLNXRMD´7LHåRGåLDLEXYRWDLS³VWDEÌVQHWLN¡WLLUPDORQÌV-DXEXYDX
VNDLW
VVRFLDOLVWÐNQJHOHVLUODLNUDãþLXVJLUG¡MDXDSLHNLOVWDQW³GDUELQLQNÐMXG¡MLPDSLHMÐ
NRYVXYDOGåLDVXVNULDXG¡MDLVJLUG¡MDXDSLHSLUPJHJXå¡VLUGDUELQLQNÐVWUHLNXV
VDSQXRGDYDXDSLHWDLQDNWLPLVNDLSDSLHNRN³ãYHQWWROLPQHJDOLPGDLNWQHVWDVEXYR
NLWXU²QHSDVPXV3DVPXVGDUYLVDNDVNDLSYDQGXRSROHGXWNLDLLUEDLOLDLVULXYHQR,U
ãWDLãLDQGLHQPDQWHQNDSLUPNDUWLãJLUVWLPDORQLLUOLQNVPQDXMLHQ
²6DNNNDLSWDVDWVLWLNR²SUDãDXGUHEDQþLXEDOVX5RNDXVQHJDO¡GDPDVQXVWRY¡WL
DQWYLHWRV
²0HVNNQJDVHLNLP²SDPDWVL²UDJLQDPDQH5RNXV²7þLDXåE¡JDXWDY
V
SDYDGLQWL
.QJDVNUHQGDDQWORYRV²LUDNLHVPLUNVQDWVLGXULDPDQWJDWY¡V/HNLDPNRQH
WHNLQL
.XUJL²NODXVLXVDYRGUDXJR
'DEDUWXULEÌWSULHWLOWRNXUYDJRQÐSDEULNDV²VDNRMLV²EHWHLNLPPDåHVQ¡PLV
JDWY¡PLVPRNLQLÐPDþLDXQHSULOHLGåLDJDOLVXWXU¡WL
'LGHOLDLVYLQJLDLVOHNLDPVLDXURPLVJDWY¡PLVXåGXV
VXNDLW

²,ãHLQXNDGWXåLQRWXPLãVDYRNYDWHURV²SDVDNRMDPDQJLOLDLNY¡SXRGDPDV
5RNXV²äLÌULXSULHJHOHåLHVSDEULNRPLQLDåPRQLÐ.DVSHUYHOQLDVPLVOLMXVDX²UHLNLD
HLWSDåLÌU¡WL2þLDWUVERERVSDWYRUM]YLPELD'LHYXOLDXNþLDGDEDUWLHãHWRQDL
XåVLPDQ¡²LU'LHYRQHELMRUDPLHPVåPRQ¡PVGDUEJDLãLQWL´
²3ULE¡JXSDEULNRYDUWDLDWYLULSRQE¡SHUEDOXVLULãVLJDQGXVVWRYLDQWNLHPRRLã
YLGDXVNDLSGÌPDLLãSHþLDXVYLUVWDDSUÌN
SDLãLQLGDUELQLQNDLSULHYDUWÐVWRYLDXNãWDV
MDXQDVGDUELQLQNDVLUãDXNLD'UDXJDLPHVNLWYLVLGDUEHLNLWDQWJDWY¡V²ãLDQGLHQPÌVÐ
ãYHQW¡SLUPDJHJXå¡V²ODLVY¡VLUDWLOVLRGLHQDLãWLVXVPHWXVYDUJRPLUGLUERP
SDEULNDQWDPVãLDQGLHQJDOLPDWVLOV¡WL(LNLPQXRSDEULNRSULHSDEULNRNYLHVNLPYLVXV
GUDXJXVSULVLG¡WL²ODLYLVLPDWRPÌVÐJDOE
LUYLHQE
´
²äLÌU¡N²VXãXQND5RNXVNDGDLãXåNDPS¡VLãE¡JDPDQWGLGåLRVLRVJDWY¡V
0DQRãLUGLVÌPDLVXVWRMDSODNXVNÌQDVQXWLUSVWDSDVNXLY¡OJUHLWDLJUHLWDLPXãD
VPLONLQLXRVÌåLDDXVV0DWDXWNREXYDXQHPDW
V1XRWLOWRYLVDJDWY¡SLOQDåPRQLÐ(LQD
MLHUDPLDLULPWDLLãSDOHQJYRQHVLJLUG¡WQ¡MXRNDYLPÐQ¡GDLQÐ,ãEOãNXVLRVPHUJLQRV
SDVLOHQN
SDMXRGDY
VHQLDLLUMDXQLYDLNLQDL²YLVLDSUÌN
SDLãLQLWLNWDLNGDUESDPHW

SDEULNXVSDOLN
3DYLUãMÐPLQLRVWDLþLDWDLWHQPDWRVQHãDPRVVSURJVWDQþLÐPHGåLÐãDNHO¡V
SODY¡VXRMDDQWOD]GÐLãNHOWRVUDXGRQRVVNDURV.DLSSODWLXS¡SODXNLDLãNLOPLQJDLSLUPQWD
JDOLQJDVURY¡åPRQLÐWLNGDEDUSDMXWXVLÐVDYRYDUJXVVNULDXGDVSULVSDXGLP²SODXNLD
UDPLDLLãSDOHQJYR9LHQRNDSOLQNXLNLOVWDEDLP¡QHUDPXPDV9LVXUXåGDURNUDXWXYHVLU
SXLNLXVPDJD]LQXVODQJXRVSDVLURGRLUWXRMDXQNVWDLãVLJDQGXVLÐSRQÐYHLGDLLãYLVÐãDOLÐ
VNXELDLUHQNDVSROLFLMDVXEDLPHGDLURVDSOLQNXLLUQHåLQRNGDUWL7LNDSGULVN
EDVL
YDLNDLVXE¡J
LãYLVRPLHVWRQHDWERMDQLHNRMLHGUVLDLHLQDSULHãDNMGDUELQLQNÐPLQLRV
OLQNVPDLãRNLQ¡MDþHåDåLRSVR
0HVVX5RNXVNXELQDLSUDVLWULQDP³GDUELQLQNÐWDUSLUWHQDLSUDQNVWDP
âWDLPLQLDSULHLQDSULHNDSVXOLÐSDEULNRýLDGLUEDåPRQLвGDXJLDXVLD
PHUJLQÐ'XQ]JDLUNULRNLDPDãLQRVYLUVWDLãNDPLQRGÌPDL3ULHãDLVSDEULNRNLWRMJDWY¡V
SXV¡MVWRYLDXNãWDVUDXGRQDVNDO¡MLPDVVWRUDDNPHQLQ¡VLHQDDSOLQNXL,UþLDLUWHQXåGDUWD
²$WDGDUNLW²ãDXNLDGDUELQLQNDLNOHELQGDPLSDEULNRYDUWXV
²1HOHLVLX²U¡NLDLãYLGDXVGLUHNWRULXV
²9DUWXVODXãLPH²JUDVLQDMDPQXRJDWY¡V
9DUWDLVWDLJDDWVLGDURSDVLURGRVWRUDVGLUHNWRULXVLUWULVNDUWãDXQDLãUHYROYHULR
QLHNDPQHSDWDLNR'DUELQLQNDLLãPXãDMDPUHYROYHU³LãUDQNÐLUYHUåLDVLDQWNLHPR
²0HVNLWJUHLþLDXGDUELUHLNLWþLD²ãDXNLDLãPLQLRVMDXQDVGDUELQLQNDV²
âLDQGLHQPÌVÐãYHQW¡²SLUPDJHJXå¡V
0DãLQÐGXQ]J¡MLPDVLUNULRNLPDVQXWODNDPLQRGÌPDLQNVWD3DEULNRGXUVH
SDVLURGRLãEOãNXVLRVPHUJLQRVEDLOLDLåLÌUL³VXVLULQNXVLXV²SDVNXLE¡JDDQWJDWY¡V
PDLãRVLVXPLQLDLUWHQDLQNVWD
²%UDYRXUD²OLQNVPDLãDXNLDPLQLDVXMXGXVVXEUX]GXV.DO¡MLPRODQJDLYLVXU
DWVLGDURSDVLURGRåPRQLÐVWRYORVNãRUDQNRVVXSODVQRMDQþLRPLVVNDUHO¡PLV
²9LYDWYLYDW²VXãXQNDSUDGåLXJ
NDOLQLDLLUJHOHåLQ¡VODQJÐNURWRVGUHEDLU
OLQNVWDQXRMÐUDQNÐ
²9UDLHLPHLãOHLVNLPNDOLQLXV²NLOVWDLãPLQLRVGUVÌVEDOVDL²-LHQHNDOWDLWHQ
V¡GLEDGDVYDUJDLLUYDOGåLRVSULVSDXGLPDVMXRVWHQXåGDU¡
,ãVLJDQGXVSROLFLMDLUNDO¡MLPRVDUJDLE¡JDSULHMRYDUWÐLãWUDXNLDVDYRNDUGXV0LQLD
NDLSY¡WURVVXNHOWDMÌUDOLQJXRMDLUÌåLD7LNULPWHVQLÐGDUELQLQNÐEDOVDPVSDVLVHNDVXODLNWL
GUVXROLXVQXRLãDUGPRNDO¡MLPRYDUWÐ
3ROLFLMDQHVQDXGåLD-DXQXWY¡U¡NHOHWGUVHVQLÐGDUELQLQNÐLUWVLDMXRV³GDO³âWDL
JDWY¡VJDOHWUVSROLFLMDQWDLXåSXRODDQWDWVLOLNXVLRGDUELQLQNRWYHULDM³XåSHþLÐ7DV
SDVLSXUWRLUQXNUDWRMXRVãDOLQ6XE¡JDGDXJLDXSDYHUþLDM³DQWåHP¡VPXãDNXPãþLDLV
VSDUGRNRMRPLVXåYHUþLDDQWYHåLPRLUVXOLS
YLUãXPMRYHåD³NDO¡MLP
3DWVSROLFPHLVWHULVVXNDVLSRGDUELQLQNÐWDUSNHLNLDLUYDURMXRVQDPRQ
²2WDXNRþLDUHLNLDDULUWXPDLãWLQLQNDV²XåVLSXRODMLVDQWLãEOãNXVLRPHWÐ
YDLNLQRNXULVVWRYLSULHWYRURVLUOLÌGQRPDNLPåLÌULDSOLQNXL
²$ãQRULXGLGHVQLRXåPRNHVQLR²DWVDNROLÌGQXEHWWYLUWXEDOVXYDLNLQDV²
0DQRW¡YDVVHQDVRPRWLQDOLJRWD²MXRGXDEXDQWSDEULNRQXVWRMRVDYRVYHLNDWRVLUDQNVWL
SDVHQRPDQRPHQNRXåGDUELRQHXåWHQND²NHQþLDPHEDG
²7O¡N²VXULQNDDQWMRSROLFPHLVWHULVLUQHåLQRGDPDVNGDXJLDXEHVDNWLHLQD
WROLDX-DPSRNRMÐSDVLWDLNREHUDQNLVDSGULVN
VVHQLV
²(LNQDPRQ²U¡NLDDQWMRQHVDYXEDOVXSROLFPHLVWHULV
0DQQ¡UDQDPвDWVDNRGUHEDQþLXEDOVXVHQLV²PHWÐGLUEDXDQWSDEULNRNDLS
MXRGDVMDXWLVWÌNVWDQWLVNURYLDXNDVPHWVDYRLãQDXGRWRMXLGDUEGDYLXLRNDGDMRPDãLQRV
VXODXå¡PDQãWDLãLWUDQNMLVPDQHLãPHW¡QXRVDY
VNDLSãXQ³7XU¡MDXSDþLPDåXV
YDLNXVSDWLãWDLDQWãLWRNDSVXOLÐSDEULNRJDYRGåLRYLUPLU¡YDLNDLGDUNÌGLNLDLVYLVLLãPLU¡
QXREDGRãDOþLRLUEORJRXåODLNPRQHSDPDW
Q¡YLHQRODLP¡VVSLQGXOLR0DQQ¡UDQDPÐ
²PXUPDSDP¡OQDY
VHQLROÌSRVMRåLODJDOYDGUHEDRSHUUDXNãO¡WYHLGULHGDGYL
NDUþLRVGDUXåVLOLN
DãDURV
'DUELQLQNÐPLQLDLãVLWLHVLDSHUYLVJDWY
LUHLQDWROLDX1HSUDOHLGåLDQ¡YLHQR
SDEULNRGLUEWXY¡VLãYLVXUNYLHþLDVDYRGUDXJXVãDXNLDDQWJDWY¡VLUY¡OHLQDWROLDX²
UDPLDLULPWDLLãNLOPLQJDL,USUDGåLÐQHGLGHO¡PLQLDLãVLWLHVLDDQWSXV¡VYLRUVWRSDYLUVWD³
VNUX]G¡OQPDWDLWLNJDOYDVMXG¡MLPJLUGLÌåLP'DUEDVVXVWRMDYLVDPPLHVWHQHNLOVWD
DXNãWQLãNDPLQÐGÌPDLQHGXQ]JDPDãLQRVQHWDUãNDYHå¡MÐUDWDL²YLVDQXWOD
6WUHLNDVW
VLDVGYLVDYDLWL1HJLUG¡WQ¡PXãWQLÐQ¡YDJVW¡VQHPDWWJLUWXRNOLDYLPR
.XQLJDVNDSHOLRQDVQHG¡OLRMVDNRPXPVPRNLQLDPVSDPRNVONHLNLDDWVLVDNLXVLXV
QXRGDUERGDUELQLQNXVNXULHYLHWRMQXVLåHPLQLPRLUSDNOXVQXPRGU³VWDSULHãLQWLV
SDEULNDQWDPVLUWLQJLGLUEWLSUDãRNDGPHVWDGYDVLDQHXåVLNU¡VWXPHLUOLHSLDPHOVWLVXå
SDNOGXVLXV
1HNDQWULDLNODXVRPRNLQLDLNXQLJRåRGåLÐODXNLDMÐJDOR²LUE¡JDLãEDåQþLRVXå
WLOWR³PLHVWRVRGQNXUOLQNVPLQDVVXVLULQN
VXVDYRSDþLRPLVLUYDLNDLVGDUELQLQNDL
NLHNYLHQDVQRULSDPDWWLNDLSVXNLO
GDUELQLQNDLVWUHLNXRMDNDLSMLHãYHQþLDSLUPJHJXå¡V
1HYLHQDPSULVHLQDXåWDLV¡G¡WLNDUFHULXMEHWYLVLPRNLQLDLOLQNVPLXåNDLW
SDVDNRMDN
PDW¡JLUG¡MRLUNPLVOLMD
3DEULNDQWDLQXVLPLQ
-ÐGLUEWXY¡VVWRYLWXãþLRVSUDJDLãWLVGLGHO¡EHWSDVLGXRW
LãSLOGWGDUELQLQNÐUHLNDODYLPÐQHQRULâDXNLDVSULHSROLFLMRVOHLGåLDWHOHJUDPXV
JXEHUQDWRULXLPLQLVWUDPVâLHOLSGRVDYRDSJDUVLQLPXVJVGLQDGDUELQLQNXV²QLHNDV
QHJHOED
3DEULNDQWDLSULVSLUWLSDNHOWGDUELQLQNDPVXåPRNHVQ³MLHVXWLQNDDQWUHLNDODYLPÐ
'DUELQLQNDLOLQNVPLVXQDXMXWLN¡MLPX³VDYRVS¡NDVVWRMDSULHGDUERY¡OGXQ]JD
PDãLQRVWDUãNDUDWDLUÌNVWDLãNDPLQÐGÌPDL
3LUPXWLQ³VWUHLNGDUELQLQNDLODLP¡MRODLP¡MREHGLGHOLÐDXNÐEHNUDXMRSUDOLHMLPR

%HGDUER
/LHSRMXMSULHPLHVWRVRGQRSRPHGåLXVWRYLVXVLWUDXN
VLãEOãN
VåPRJXV-R
GUDEXåLDLSORQLEHWLUWLHORSLQLXRWLVXNãLQþLDYLHWRPLVYDWDþHEDWDLWDLSSDWQXG¡Y¡WLURGR
NRMÐSLUãWXVVWRUDLVDXWVNDULDLVDSYQLRWXV
7DLLHãNVGDUERGDUELQLQNDV²/DXUQDV'ÌGD$WYDåLDYRMLVþLDLã5JRV7HQGLUER
YDJRQÐIDEULNRMHPHWÐGDXJPDW¡YDUJRLUQHODLPLÐGDXJYLVDNRSDWU¡WHþLDXVGLGåLR
EDGRQHNHQW¡MR%HWSDVNXWLQLDLVPHWDLVSUDVLG¡MRNUL]LV²VWRNDGDUERâLPWDLLUWÌNVWDQWV
DWVWDWWÐMÐGDUELQLQNÐSDVLMXWRDQWJDWY¡VNLWDVQHWXU¡MRJLPLQLÐLUSDå³VWDPÐNXUQRUVWXR
WDUSXJDO¡WÐVDXSULHJODXGUDVWL
$WVWDW¡IDEULNDQWDVLU/DXUQQRUVMLVWDPIDEULNDQWXLWLHNPHWÐGLUERVDYRVYHLNDW
SDG¡MR
3DVLMXW
VDQWJDWY¡V/DXUQDVLãNDUWRQHJDO¡MRVXSUDVWLNDVVXMXRDWVLWLNRQHåLQRMR
NDVGDUWL'YLGLHQLLãJXO¡MRMLVVDYRNDPEDU¡ONLHWRMORYRMVXVLULHW
VQLHNXUQHLã¡MRQLHNR
QHYDOJ¡7UHþLGLHQDWVLN¡O¡LãGåLÌYXVLXJRPXULXJDOYDVXN¡VDXVVHVNDPE¡MRRDNVH
ãRNLQ¡MRåDOLLUUDXGRQLåLEXU¡OLDL
$WVLPLQ¡/DXUQDVNDGMLVGYLGLHQLQHYDOJ
V3DUVLQHã¡GHãURVLUVYDUGXRQRV
SDVLVWLSULQRNLHNSDVNXLVXVNDLW¡SLQLJXVPDåD²LOJDPQHSDNDNV6XSUDWRNDGUHLNLDLHãNRW
NRNVQRUVXåVL¡PLPDVMHLJXQHQRULEDGXQXPLUWL.LWRNLRVSULHJODXGRVQHEXYR*YHQR
VRGåLXMMREUROLVNDPSLQLQNDVYDLNDLVDSVLNURY
VEHWSDWVYDUJLDLSDNDNWLQDLVDXGXRQRV
WXU¡MR0DW¡VL/DXUQDVVXMXRVHQLDLVXVLUDãLQ¡WQHVXVLUDãLQ¡MRJ¡GDEXYRSULHMRNUHLSWLHV
SDãDOSRVSUDãWL
9LVVDYDLW
LãYDLNãþLRMR/DXUQDVSR5JLHãNRGDPDVGDUERQLHNXUMRQHSUL¡P¡
1XSOãREDWDLEDLJ¡VSLQLJDL
0HW¡/DXUQDV5J²QXYDåLDYR'LQDEXUNDQSDVLWLN¡MRNQRUVODLP¡WL%HWLUWHQDL
GDUERQHEXYRGDXJHOLVLãPHVWÐMÐLãIDEULNÐGDUELQLQNÐEDGDYRQHWXU¡GDPLNXRGXRQRV
QXVLSLUNWL
'YLVDYDLWLSUDVLYDONLRMR/DXUQDVSR'LQDEXUNRPLHVWLãDON
VLUQXVLPLQ
VQLHNR
QHJDYR9LVXUMDPVDN¡NDGGDUERQHVNDGMLVVLOSQDVHVVGDUELQLQNDV$WVLPLQ¡WDGDMLV
/LHSRMÐNXUJLUG¡MRGDXJHVIDEULNÐSODWLSUDPRQLMD
²9DåLXRVLXWHQ²QXVSUHQG¡/DXUQDV²JDONQRUVVXUDVLX
.HOLDYRMLV/LHSRMXQWDLS¡VþLDVWDLVODSVWGDPRVJHOHåLQNHOLXQHVSLQLJDLMDXYLVDL
EDLJ¡VELOLHWXLQHEHSDNDNR$QWJDORDWYNR%HWLUþLDYLVXUJLUG¡MRWSDW³DWVDNP
QHUHLNLDLUEHWRGDXJWXULPH
,UãLWDLLãDON
VQXYDUJ
VLUVXãDO
VDWVLGÌU¡MLVDQWJDORSULH/LHSRMDXVPLHVWRVRGQR
6XVLULHW
VNXUQRUVSRPHGåLXY¡ONHWLQDMLVþLDSHUQDNWDYRWLLUQRUVNLHNDWVLOV¡WL



ËNDQRWDVUXGHQVSULHYDNDUVDUWLQDVWDPVLQDNWLVäLHPVY¡MDVNDXNLDLUãYLOSLD
QHãGDPDVOLHWÐLUãDOW³NQLVDVLSRVNO¡WXV/DXUQRUÌEXVãLXUSXOLDLVSHULPGDPDVQXYDUJXV³
VWLQJVWDQW³NÌQ*ULDXGåLDLãODP¡GDPLNULQWDDQWSDSXUXVLRVMXRGRVåHP¡VJHOWRQLPHGåLÐ
ODSDLRSDYLUãMÐþHåHQDOLÌGQDLÌåGDPDVVPXONXWLVOLHWXVãODSLQDåHP
LUPDåDLVJULRYHOLDLV
VULXYHQDVO¡QLQ/LÌGQDLåLÌUL/DXUQDV³SDVNHQGXV³ÌNHVRGQLUNODXVRV6RGQRRãLPDVLU
ãODP¡MLPDVMDPWDUWXPåLQRPDVMDXJLUG¡WDVMLVNHOLDMRPLQWYLHQSDVNXLNLWVNDXGåLXV
JYHQLPRDWVLPLQLPXV
âLWDLMLVWUHWLPHWDLIDEULNRMH²MDXQDVVYHLNDVLUVWLSUDVNDLSDXJVGHUOLQJRMåHP¡M
XRVLV
$WHLWLVOLQNVPDLåLÌU¡MRMDP³DNLVLUMLVSLOQDVWLNERVåHQJ¡SLUPQ1RUDVMREXYR
QHGLGHOLVSDGLUE¡WLNHOHWPHWÐIDEULNRMVXVLG¡WLSLQLJÐLUJU³åWLDWJDOVRGåLXQWHQQXVLSLUNWL
åHP¡VJDEDO¡OLVLUÌNLQLQNDXWL,U/DXUQDVWYLUWDLWXRWLN¡MR
%HWSDþLDPGDUERNDUãWXPHNDGDVYDMRGDPDVDSLHÌN³JU
å¡MLVYLQLPVVNOHV
QXVPXNRQXRPDãLQRVGLUåDVLUXåNDELQ
V/DXUQRUDQN³VXN¡MUDWDQ6XULNRQHVDYX
EDOVX/DXUQDVLãJLUG
VNDLSVXWUDãN¡MRMRUDQNRVNDXODLLUDSDOS
VSDUJULXYR
$WVLWHN¡MRMLVOLJRQEXWVXVXUDLãLRWDLUVXVWDWWDUDQNDâHãLXVP¡QHVLXVWHQDL
LãJXO¡MR'DNWDUDLãLDLSEHWDLSDWDWDLV¡UDQN²LUMLVSDJLMR%HWMDXW¡VLGDEDUGDXJ
VLOSQHVQLVQHNDLSSLUPD
,OJDLYDUJRLUSUDã¡/DXUQDVNROIDEULNDQWDVM³SUL¡P¡DWJDO8åVXåHLGLPQHDWOJLQR
GDUJLWULJXEDLSDVLUÌSLQRLãSO¡ãWLQXRMRYLVRNLRPLVEDXVP¡PLVSLQLJXVNXULXVEXYRGDY
VMR
JGPXL2GDUEDVEXYRVXQNXVLUYLHQRGDVYLVGLHQUHLNGDYRVWRY¡WLDQWYLHWRV²QHYDOLD
Q¡DWVLWUDXNWLQ¡DWVLV¡VWLNDVDQWUDVDYDLW¡UHLN¡GLUEWLQDNWLPLV8åGDUELVEXYRYLGXWLQLV%HW
GDåQDLUHLNGDYRGXRWLNãLDLPHLVWUDPV´²LUNDUWDLVWLNWLNSUDJYHQLPXLEHSDNDNGDYR2
þLDWXRMDX/DXUQDVYHG¡YDLNRVXVLODXN¡²GDUVXQNLDXUDGRV0HW¡MLVLUDSLHÌN³VYDMRWL
PDW¡NDGIDEULNEXVVXQNXSDOLNWLNDGþLDUHLNVQHWLNGLUEWLEHWLUPLUWL7DWDLNDQNLQR
/DXUQVO¡J¡MRGYDVLM³YLVGDUWUDXN¡VRGåLXQQRUVLUWHQEXYRPDW
VYLHQWLNYDUJ
,UWLNSDU¡M
VLãIDEULNRVQDPRQXVLUDPLQGDYRNLHN/DXUQDVåLÌU¡GDPDV³VDYRPDå
VÌQHO³NXU³ODEDLSDPO¡MR%HWYDLNDVPHWXVLãJYHQ
VDSVLUJRLUQXPLU¡
3DVLGDU¡GDUQXRERGåLDX-LVYLVGLHQIDEULNRMRSDWLQDPLH²YLHQDEHXåVL¡PLPR
$QWJDORLUMLSDVWRMRIDEULNRQ
9DLNXLQXPLUXVWUHMXVPHWXVSDJYHQRMLHGXãLHNWLHNDSVLSUDWRQXULPRNDLSVWDLJD
Y¡ODWVLWLNRQHODLP¡DSVLUJRGåLRYD/DXUQRSDWLLUSRSXVDQWUÐPHWÐQXPLU¡
3DVLOLNR/DXUQDVYLHQDVNDLSVWDJDUDV3LUPDLVPHWDLVLãQXRERGXPRQHWJHUWLEXYR
SUDG¡M
VEHWSDVNXLSHUJDO¡MRVDYHLUPHW¡%HWJYHQLPDVMDPEXYRQHEHPDORQXVãHLPQRV
QHEHWXU¡MRRVXGUDXJDLVLUSDå³VWDPDLVUHWDLWHVXVLHLGDYR
3DVNXLSUDVLG¡MRVWUHLNDLLUNUL]LVGDXJHOLVSDNOLXYRNDO¡MLPDQGDXJHOLVOLNREH
GDUER
âLWDLLUMLVVWRYLGDEDUVYHWLPDPPLHVWHSDWYRULUNDOLQDGDQWLV'U¡JQDVãDOWLVUDXVLDV
SRMRSORQXVUÌEXVLUPDULQDQXYDUJXVLXVVÐQDULXV



äLÌUL/DXUQDV³SOLQNDQW³VRGQLUNODXVRV0HGåLÐRãLPHLUY¡MRãYLOSDYLPXRVWDUWXP
JLUGLMLVJDWYHHLQDQþLÐGDUELQLQNÐEDOVXVLUãÌNDYLPXVSDOLFLMDQWÐU¡NDYLPXVãYLOSLDQþLXV
ND]RNÐNDQþLXNXVUDLåDQþLXVGDUELQLQNÐQXJDUDV7DUWXPWDLYDUJGLHQLÐYDLWRMLPXVLUMÐ
YDLNÐYHUNVPQHãDODLERVJDLOHVWLQJRVY¡MRVWJRV²WDUWXPWDLDWEDOVLVWÐNXULHSDVNHQG

YDUJXRVHLUQHODLP¡VHåXGRVDYRMDXQVW
VS¡NDVLUVYHLNDWDXNDXGDPLMDVVDYR
GDUEGDY¡MDPV´
.DLSWLHJHOWRQLPHGåLÐODSDLNULQWDPULRSDNLUVWLYDUJGLHQLÐEUROLDLLUVHVHUV²
QXRYDUJRLãGåLÌY
QXRGDUERSDMXRGDY
²NULQWDVXJDLOHVþLXLUJUDXGåLXGHMDYLPX
DQNVWYÐOLJÐLUSULVSDXGLPRSHUJDO¡WL2MÐNDSNDLSWDVUXGHQVOLHWXVPLUNRNDVGLHQ
NDUþLRVOLNXVLÐMÐDãDURV²DãDURVWÐNXULÐWRNVSDWOLNLPDVODXNLD-HLWDVDãDUDVVXULQNWL
SDVLGDUWÐVULDXQLXS¡SDSOÌGXVMLYLHQD³JDO¡WÐQXPHVWLYHUJLM%HWLãEDUVWWRVSRYLV
SDVDXO³GåLÌVWDMRVQHPDWRPRVQHåLQRGDPRVVDYRJDOE¡V,UOLHVLVWRVDãDURVNULVQHNDOWLHML
NROåXVLUHLVDQWQLHNRSRYLVXULãVNODLGWDGDUELQLQNÐJDOLDNROYDUJGLHQLDLQHVXSUDVVDYR
JDOLRVLUQHVXVLYLHQV



7DLSJDOYRMD/DXUQDV2WDPVLUXGHQVQDNWLVMDXLãSO¡W¡VDYRMXRGXVVSDUQXVLU
DSGHQJ¡MDLVGDQJÐPLHVWLUVRGQ$QWJDWYLÐVXåLE¡MROHPSRVEHWVRGQHNXUSULVLãOLHM
V
PHGåLRVWRYL/DXUQDVWDPVX'UXJVNUHþLD/DXUQQXRGU¡JQXPRLUãDOþLREHWHLWLNLWXU
Q¡UDNXULUQHVLQRUL
$WUDGRMLVSRPHGåLXDNPHQ³LUDWVLV¡GRQRU¡GDPDVQRUVNRMRPGXRWNLHNDWVLOV¡WL
.XUDãGDEDUG¡VLXRV²PVWR/DXUQDV².DGQRUVGUDXJDUSDå³VWDPWXU¡þLDX
NXUVQXUDPLQWÐLUSDVWLSULQWÐVXNXULXRJDO¡þLDXSDVLNDOE¡WLUSDVLURGDYRWWDGDQRUVQHWDLS
EÌWÐEDLVXLUQXRERGXQHWDLSUÌS¡WÐEDGDVLUDWHLWLV'DEDUQ¡UDQHLYLHQRNXUVPDQH
SDPLQ¡WÐDUEDDWVLPLQWÐ,UNDPPDQRJYHQLPDVUHLNDOLQJDVãHLPQRVDSLHNXULUHLNWÐ
UÌSLQWLHVQHEHWXULXLUQHWXU¡VLXåPRQ¡PVJLQDXGRVMRNLRVDWQHãWLQHEHJDOLXQHVHVXVLOSQR
NÌQRLUSDLOVXVLRVGYDVLRV%ÌWLIDEULNDQWRYHUJXGLUEWLWLNG¡OWRNDGSXVEDGåLDLJDO¡þLDX
JYHQWLLUODXNWLNROY¡OLãPHVSURGXULVDUEHDSVLPRND7DLNDPJLGDULHãNRWLGDUERNDPJL
GDUEHUHLNDORWRVQDXMRVNDQþLRV$UQHJHULDXYLHQXPDWXSDEDLJWLVXWXRJYHQLPX´
7LNLXNDGGDUELQLQNÐSDG¡MLPDVSDVLJHU³VNDGMÐODXNLDãYLHVLODLVYDDWHLWLVEHWODL
XåWDWHLW³NRYRMDMDXQHVQLLUVWLSUHVQL²ODLMLHNDODVDXQDXMJYHQLP$ãSDJYHQDX
SDNDNWLQDLQRUVLUQLHNRNLWDQHGLUEDXNDLSWLNNURYLDXWXUWXVVDYRIDEULNDQWXLEXYDXMR
YHUJX8åWDLMLVPDQHSDYHUW¡GDEDU³HOJHW²EHYLHWRVVYHLNDWRVLUVDYDVWLHV,UQHMDXJL
DWNLã
VUDQNWXULXSUDãWLSUDHLQDQþLÐSRQдLUULQNWLVNDWLNXV²1HQLHNDGRVJDQD
åHPLQWLHVLUPDOGDXWLPOLVWRVWÐNXULHYLVJYHQLPODLN¡PDQHXåMXRGMDXW³LULãQDXGRMR
PDQRVYHLNDW/DLGXRGDQRUVODLVYDLQXPLUWLMHLQHGDY¡ODLVYDLJYHQWL´
/DXUQDVJDOYRMDDSLHWãDOWDL²EHJDOYRVNDUãþLRLUãLUGLHVVNDXVPR-DPQRUV
OLÌGQDEHWUDPX0LQWLVNXULSDVNXWLQLXODLNXSUDG¡MRM³ODQNWLGDEDUXåYDOGRMRYLVXV
MDXVPXVJLOLDLUDXVLDVLSRMRRPHQ
-DPWRNVDWHLQDQRUDVQXPLUWLQHEHMDXVWLWREMDXUDXV
JYHQLPRLUYDUJÐNXULHM³DPåLQDLNDQNLQR-LVWDLSWURNãWDXåPLJWLãLWDPVRGQHNXUQRUVSR
PHGåLX²XåPLJWLDPåLQDLPHGåLÐRãLPRVLÌEXRMDPDVY¡MRãYLOSLPROLÌOLXRMDPDV0LUWLHV
SDNLUVWDVMDXMLVQHEHMDXVQ¡ãDOþLRQ¡ãLXUSDXVGU¡JQXPRMRY¡O¡QHEHSULJXO¡VIDEULNDQWXL
QHSUDãVMRGDUER
$WVLPHQDMLVVRGåLÐNXUNDGDLWDUQDYREHUQXODXNXVLUSLHYDVNXUDU¡LUSMRY¡²
GDLQDVNXULDVVXNLWDLVGDLQDYR²EHWOLÌGQDLQXVLãSVR²LUWHQQHJHULDXLUWHQVNXUVWD
GDUELQLQNDVWDPVXPRLUYDUJRSULVSDXVWDVYLVÐQLHNLQDPDVLUåHPLQDPDVLUWHQQ¡UNXU
G¡WLHV²UHLNLDE¡JWLPLHVWDQ$PHULNDQLU$IULNDQ²GXRQRVLUQDXMRJYHQLPRLHãNRWЫ



,OJDLV¡GLVXVLPVW
V/DXUQDVLOJDLPVWR²JDOEÌWDSLH'LHYDQJYHQLPRJDO
LUNNLWD%HWãLWDLVWDLJDDWVLVWRMDSDGHGDYLHQNRMDQWDNPHQVLUSDVLVWLHS
VSUDGHGD
JUDLEWLUDQNRPYLUãXPJDOYRV'HãLQHUDQNDXåþLXPSDMLVGUÌWOLHSRVãDN
²*HUDLãWÌU¡V²WDULDMLVEDOVLDLLUNLHNSDVWRY¡M
VQXãRNVWDQXRDNPHQV
7DLN²JDOYRMDVWRY¡GDPDV²MDXQDNWLVYLVLUHQJLDVJXOWÐYLVLLHãNRSDLOVLR²
UHLNLDLUPDQSDVLNORWLVDXSDWDODV-XNWDGDLUDãQHEHMDXVLXQHLGU¡JQRãDOþLRQHLVQDULÐ
VNDXG¡MLPRQHLSLOYRJXUJ¡MLPR²EÌVLXLUDãODLPLQJLDXVLDV´
1¡UåLQLRVG¡ONRMDPXåHLQDQRUDVYDOJW$WVLPHQDNDGMRNLãHQ¡MGDUUDNHOHWDV
VNDWLNÐ1XHLQDMLVSULHVWRYLQþLRVVRGQRJDOHOHPSRVLãWUDXNLDLãNLãHQ¡VSLQLJXVLUVXVNDLWR
NDSHLNÐ
3DYDOJVLXSDVNXWLQ
YDNDULHQ
LUDã´²PVWR/DXUQDVLUHLQDLHãNRWÐPDLVWR
*UHLWDLVXJU³åWDDWJDOYLHQRMUDQNRMQHãDVEXWHO³DODXVLUJDEDOGXRQRVDQWURM²
VXYQLRWYLUY
$WVLV¡GDDQWDNPHQVLUDWVLODXå
VGXRQRVYDOJR-DXþLDNDLSDSNUDPWWL
GXRQRVNVQHOLDLVOHQNLDLãJRPXULRYLGXULXRVQDEHWNHODSVLVWRMDMLVSUDGHGDåDJV¡WL
$WVLGDUREXWHO³DODXVLUJHULDâDOWDVVNVWLPDVWDUWXPãLOGR/DXUQRYLGXULXVEHWSDVNXLM³
SDLPDGUHEXOV$SNDUVWDMDPLUDOXVLUGXRQD²QRUDVYDOJWLSUDHLQD
/DXUQDVXåNLãDEXWHO³GHGDDOÐVXGXRQDNLãHQ¡QLUVNXELQDLDWVLVWRMDWDUWXP
ELMRGDPDVSDVLY¡OLQWL1XWYHULDYLUY
SDVLVWRMDDQWDNPHQVLUJULHELDVXåãDNRVEHWLã
JUHLWXPRSDVOVWDLUNULQWDåHPQ*LOLDLDOVXRGDPDVVXþLDXSWRPLVOÌSRPLVY¡OMLVOLSDDQW
DNPHQV²LUXåQHULDXåãDNRVYLUY
*DOYRMDMLVWLNDSLHYLHQD.LOSDSULUHQJWD/DXUQDV
³NLãDMRQVDYRJDOYLUSDVLVSU
VSDVLNDELQDRUH
$NVHMDPãRNLQ¡MDåLEXU¡OLDLSUDGHGDSO¡VWLHVWDLUDXGRQLWDLåDOLUDWDLEHWYLVDNDV
DNLHVPLUNVQLXQNVWDLãMRRPHQ¡VSDVLGDURWDPVX1HEHMDXþLDMLVQHLVDYREDLVDXVNULRNLPR
LUSXWRMLPRVQHLNRMÐWUDXNLPRNXULRVULHþLDVLUWLHVLDVNDLSQXRSULHP¡þLR-RNÌQHDPåLQDL
XåPLQJDPLQWLVLUMDXVPDLQXWLOVWDYLVLJYHQLPRYDUJDL
7LNÌåLDLUVWDXJLDãLDXU¡VY¡MDVVLÌEXRGDPDVNDEDQW³DQWãDNRV/DXUQOLÌGQDL
þHåHQDVPXONXWLVUXGHQVOLHWXVãODSLQGDPDVMDXVXVWLQJXV³MRNÌQLUJUDXGåLDLãODPD
NULQWDQWLHMLPHGåLÐODSDLWDUWXPJORVWGDPLSDP¡OQDYXV³YHLG

,,Ant Uetlibergo giedra!”
1RUVMDXþLDXVQHNDLSEHWDWVLN¡O
VDSVLWDLVLDXLULã¡MDXPLHVWDQSDåLÌU¡WÐNRNVRUDV
%XYRãDOWDVDSQLXN
VUWDVLUDQWYLVRPLHVWRJXO¡MRWRNVVWRUDVUÌNDVNDGXåNHOLÐåLQJVQLÐ
QHEXYR åPRJDXV PDWWL 7LN VOLQNR SUR ãDO³ åPRQLÐ ãDã¡OLDL WDXNã¡GDPL LQW DNPHQLV VDYR
EDWDLVNDåLQNXUWROLVNDPE¡MRYHå¡MRYDUSHOLVDSOLQNXLJLWDLSWOXNDLSSHUPLãLDV%XYR
šventadienis — atilsio diena.
(LGDPDVPLHVWRJDWY¡PLVSDPDþLDXDQWNHUþLÐLãOLSGWXVUDXGRQXVDSVNHOELPXV$QW
8HWOLEHUJRJLHGUD´7RWHODXNLDX6HQDLQRU¡MDXSDPDWWLNDLSWDVDSJXO
VPLHVWUÌNDVLãURGR
QXRNDOQRYLUãÌQ¡V1RUVRURGU¡JQXPDVSURQRV³LUJHUNO
UDXV¡VSODXþLXRVQDLUNDLSNRNV
GXVXOVVO¡J¡NUÌWLQ
QRUVãLXUSXOLDLNUDW¡NÌQWHþLDXVQRUDVSDPDWWLQXRNDOQRVDXO
LUSR
VDYRNRMÐQHUHJ¡WSDYHLNVOSDNY¡SXRWLJUQXRUXLUSDVLGåLDXJWLSULJLPWLHVJUDåXPXEXYR
WRNVNDUãWDVNDGQLHNRQHODXNGDPDVSDVXNDXLQWYDNDUXVLUVNXE¡MDXVNXE¡MDX0VþLDXWLN
DSLHWDLNDGQHSDVLY¡OþLDXNDGVXVS¡þLDXXåOLSWLNROLãVLVNODLGVUÌNDV
3RYDODQGRVMDXEXYDXSRSDþLXNDOQXEHWWXU¡MDXDWVLV¡VWLSDVLOV¡WÐ,UþLDEXYRWOD
GDUGLGHVQ¡3ULJLPWLVNDLSQXPLUXV$SVLDãDURM
PHGåLDLVXQNLDLJDOYRMRQ¡YLHQRVãDNHO¡V
QHSDMXGLQGDPL 7LN PDåL XSHOLXNDL ãRNLQ¡MR QXR YLHQR DNPHQV DQW NLWR LU JUHLWDL VNXE¡MR
DSDþLRQPDORQLDLVULXYHQGDPLLUNDåLQNOLÌGQDLSDVDNRGDPL.DOQRYLVDLLãSRUÌNRQHEXYR
PDWWL²URG¡VNDGMRþLDQHLQHEXYR%HWNDVþLDâWDLDXNãWDLRUHOLQNVPDLVXORMRãXRLU
SDVNOLGRJDUVXVãÌNDXMDQþLÐYDLNLQÐVNDUGDV$WDLDQWNDOQR/DLPLQJLMLHMDXDXNãWDL
$WVLN¡O
V QXR VXROHOLR SUDG¡MDX LU Dã ULVWLHV VLDXUX EDOWXRMDQþLX WDNHOLX NXULV
YLQJLXRGDPDVLVQNRUÌNH%HWMXRDXNãþLDXUÌNDVYLVODELDXLUODELDXUHW¡MRNY¡SXRWLEXYR
NDVNDUWOHQJYLDXLUVPDJLDXGDQJXVYLUãXMHLãWDPVDXVSDVLGDU¡SDOãDVSDVNXLPHOVYDVDQW
JDOR ãYLHVLDL P¡OQDV $QW QXãYLWXVLR MR VNOLDXWR SDVLURG¡ VDXO¡ DWPHWXV QXR VDYR YHLGR
XåGDQJDOMLYLHQXDNLPLUNVQLXSDSO¡VSLQGXOLXVLUNDLWULDLSUDG¡MRãLOGWLPDQRNDNW%HWLã
ãDOLÐWHEHVWRY¡MRUÌNRVLHQDQRUVWRVVLHQRVYLUãXVMDXEXYRPDWWLLUQHEHWROL'DUSDOS¡MDX
DQNãþLDX$QWJDORQXYDUJ
VDWVLU¡PLDXLQWDSDþL
2NDLSJLQHDSVDNRPDLEXYRJUDåXýLDSDWSRPDQRNRMÐJXO¡MREDOWDGHEHVÐMÌUD
%XYR WRNLD URPL NDG WLN JHULDX SULVLåLÌU¡M
V JDO¡MDX SDVWHE¡WL NDLS MRV DSYDOLRV WDUVL
NDPXROLDLEDQJRVLãSDOHQJYRULWRVLDQWYLHQDNLWRVLUNLORDQNãWQMRVVDXO¡VãYLHþLDPRV
EXYR WDLS VNDLVþLRV LU PDORQLRV NDLS PLQNãþLDXVLDV EDOWDV SÌNDV äLÌU¡MDX LU QHJDO¡MDX
DWVLåLÌU¡WL9LGXUMHPDWWLEXYRPDåXW¡PHGåLDLVDSDXJXVLVDODXåMвDXNãWLNUDQWDLGDU
WROLDX NDLS VLGDEUDV VSLQG¡MR VQLHJR LU OHGÐ NDOQÐ YLUãÌQ¡V ² URG¡VL JDOLQJD JLQNOXRWÐ
PLOåLQÐ HLO¡ VXVWRMXVL VHUJ¡MR VWHEXNOLQJ ãDO³ 2 MXN SHUHLW NDUW QXR ãLWRV SDþLRV YLHWRV
JLOLDLSRVDYLPLNXUGDEDUGHEHVÐMÌUDOLÌOLXRMDPDþLDXGDLOÐPLHVWåDOLXRMDQþLDVSLHYDVLU
NORQLXVPLUJXRMDQW³HåHULUMRSDYLUãLXPLVNUDMRMDQþLXVWLNWLNPDWRPXVODLYHOLXV.XUWDV
YLVD NDV GLQJR 5DVLW QXVNHQGR EHGXJQ¡VQD LU NDåLQ DU EHLãNLOV -XN GDU PDåDV EÌGDPDV
JLUG¡MDX SDVDNDV DSLH PLHVWXV HåHUXRVH SDODLGRWXV %HW QH NODXVNLW $U JLUGL NDLS Lã SR
GHEHVÐPÌUÐNLOVWDDQNãWQLãNLOPLQJDVLUPDORQXVYDUSÐVNDPE¡MLPDV$UJLUGLNDLSWROLWROL
VXåYLHJ¡ PDãLQD $SDþLRMH WHEHJYHQD -XN Dã SDWV GDEDU SDW Lã WHQDL DW¡MDX 5DGRV WDLS
OLQNVPDLUOHQJYDNDGQRU¡MDXãÌNDXWLLUGDLQXRWLODNVWWLSRNDOQRYLUãÌQHVDUEDQXãRNXV
QXRWXU¡NOÐQDUGWLLUSODXNWLSRãLWSÌNÐMÌUNDLSWDWGDURPDåLYDLNDLODNVWGDPLSR
NXSHþLXV ãLHQR äLQRPD WDW EXYR WLN JUDåL LOLX]LMD QXãRN
V EÌþLDX VDX WLN VSUDQG
QXVLVXN
V
7XRWDUSXVDXO¡YLVODELDXãLOG¡1XRMRVVSLQGXOLÐDSYDOLRVGHEHVÐEDQJRVSUDG¡MR
GUDLNWLHV²VNLUVW¡VLQXRYLHQDNLWRVNLORDXNãWQLUQNRâLWDLSURYLHQMÐSOã³SDþLRMH
JLOXPRMHNDLSNRNVVWHEXNODVLãSODXN¡YDUSLQ¡þLDSDWSRNRMÐQHWLN¡WDLSDVLURG¡QDPDV
WHQ WROLDX VXP¡OQDYR HåHUDV $WVLPLQLDX SDVDN DSLH LãOLXRVXRW Lã SR VWLNOLQLR NDOQR
NDUDOLM7XU¡MDXSLOQWLHVSDVDNWLVXâLOHULRPHGåLRNOLX
0DWWSRNRMRPWLNMÌU¡VPLJORWRV
äPRQLÐVRGERVQXRDNLÐXåNORWRV
7LNGHEHVLXLWUÌNXVSHUWDUSPDWDL
äHPDLWHQUVYLHWDVåDOLXRMDODXNDL
0DQ EHVWRYLQW UÌNDV LãVLVNODLG¡ LU SUDQNR .XU WLN SDW EXYR GHEHVÐ MÌUD GDEDU
VWRY¡MRPLHVWDVJXO¡MRLãP¡WWLNORQLDLLUåDOLXRMDQþLRVSLHYRVPLUJ¡MRHåHUDV
1904
äYDLJåG¡
$WYDåLDY
VDQWYDVDURVVDYRW¡YLãN¡QLã¡MDXYLHQãYHQWDGLHQ³VXEUROLXODXNDQMDYÐ
DSODQNWÐ*UDåXEXYRQHDSVDNRPDL$QWGDQJDXVQ¡PDåLDXVLREDOWRGHEHV¡OLR7LNWLNSÌW¡
Y¡MHOLV EHW WRNV OHQJYDV LU PDORQXV NDG URG¡VL MRJ WDW UD DSVQÌGXVLRV SULJLPWLHV
NY¡SDYLPDV QXR NXULR SDWV RUDV GUHE¡MR WYLVN¡MR 5RPLDL VWRY¡MR DSVYDLJ
V PLãNDV Q¡
RãLPR Q¡ SDXNãþLÐ JLHGRMLPR 2 DSOLQN M³ PDUJXOLDYR MDYDLV DSV¡WL ODQNDL þLRQDL SDEDO

UXJLDLVWRY¡MRSDOHQN
VXQNLDVVDYRYDUSDVWHQDLWROLDXåDOLDYRYDVDURMXVåG¡MRJULNDL2UH
Q¡YLHQREDOVRQ¡YLHQRãDXNVPR7LNWROLâYHQWRVLRVSDNUDãþLXRVHU¡NDYRåVVUDXGRMR
SLHPHQLÐUDJHOLDL%XYRWDLSURPXWRNLDJLHGUDNDGURG¡VLSDWLVDXO¡åHPHULGLQ¡MR
$S¡MXVLX HåLRPLV UXJLÐ LU YDVDURMDXV ODXN SULVLDUWLQRYD SULH PLãNR ýLRQDL
VO¡SGDPXRVQXRVDXO¡VVSLQGXOLÐSDOLQGRYDSRSXãLPLLUDWVLJXO¡YDSDVLOV¡WÐ%HJXO¡GDPDV
SDPDþLDXLãDQWURVSXV¡VHLQDQW³SDPLãNHVHQåPRJÐOD]GHOHSDVLULPVþLXRMDQW³-RVWRYOD
SDVLURG¡PDQSDå³VWDPD
²äLÌU¡NEHQH6LPDQDVHLQD²SDNODXVLDXEUROLR
²$DMLV²DWVDN¡SDåLÌU¡M
VEUROLVLUVXãXNR²(LG¡GHNXUHLQLSDODXN
6HQHOLVVXVWRM
VDWVLJU
å¡3DåLQ
VPXGXVXOLQJDYRJDOYLUSDVLVXNRLQWPXGX
²1DWDLNRMXGXþLRQDLJXOLWD²JHUXEHWãLXUNãþLXEDOVXWDU¡SULVLDUWLQ
V
— *XONLVLUWDPVWD²DWVDN¡EUROLV²0DWNDLSNDLWLQDSUDVLY¡G³VL
3DVLU¡P
V OD]GHOH VXQNLDL UDQJ¡ G¡G¡ 6LPDQDV VHQXV VDYR NDXOXV NRO DWVLV¡GR DQW
åHP¡V
²7DLJDOMDYXVODQN¡WD²SDNODXV¡
²1DJLDS¡MRYD²DWVDN¡EUROLV
²,UDãLã¡MDXSDåLÌU¡WвWDU¡6LPDQDV²EHWQHODEDLNRNLHMDYDL6HQLDXQHWRNLH
EÌGDYRNDVPHWDLYLVEORJQLUEORJQ2þLRQDLYLVDSDEUDQJRPRNHVþLDLDXJD.DVLUEXV
WROLDXLãNXUEHSULWHNVåPRQ¡V
%HWÌPDLDQW6LPDQRYHLGRSDVLURG¡SDWLQJDVOLQNVPDVVSLQGXOVâSVRGDPDVLVLU
WLNWLNOLQJXRGDPVåLOJDOYåLÌU¡MRLQWPDQHäLQRMDXNQRULSDVDNWL
²1DWDLGDEDU-RQDL²WDU¡SDVLOHQN
VSULHPDQ
V6LPDQDVSDSDVDNRNPXPVN
QRUV-XNWXGDXJåLQDLGDXJHVLVNDLW
VLUDSLHNLWDVãDOLVLUNDVSDVDXOMHGHGDVWLNWDY
V
neprisiprašysi, — nenori mums pasakoti...
1LHNDVNLWDVYLVDPHVRGåLXMHQHP¡JGDYRWDLSSDVDNRMLPÐNDLSG¡G¡6LPDQDV3DWLUV
EÌGDYRNDGDãDWYDåLDYDXLUDWHLQDãYHQWDGLHQ³LQWPDQHQDXMLHQÐSDVLNODXVWÐ,UMHLJXWLN
SUDG¡GDYDXSDVDNRWLQHEHSDOHLVGDYRNODXVGDYROLJLVXWHPRVOLJLYLGÌQDNþLR-HLJXGDUNLW
NODELDXP¡JGDYRWDLWLNVDYRÌN³LUPHGåLRNO
NXULRVLUVHQDVEÌGDPDVQHJDO¡MRLãVLåDG¡WL
7DLJLGDEDUVXQNXPDQEXYRLãVLVXNWLQRURPVQHQRURPVWXU¡MDXSUDG¡WLäRGLVSRåRGåLR
SUL¡MRPHLUSULHDVWURQRPLMRV.DGDMDXLãPDWDYRPHVDXO¡VGLGXPLUåYDLJåGåLÐWROXPLU
LãUHLãN¡PHVDYRQXVWHELPG¡O'LHYRJDOE¡VLUSULJLPWLHVQHDSVDNRPÐJURåELÐPDQREUROLV
WDU¡
— 2NRG¡OJLGLHQåYDLJåGåLÐQHPDWWL
.DGDMDPWDLLãDLãNLQDXG¡G¡6LPDQDVDWVLOLHS¡
²2DãLUGLHQHVXPDW
V
²1HMDXJLWDPVWDPDWHL²SDNODXV¡YDVXEUROLX
²0DþLDX²DWNDUWRMR6LPDQDVLUOD]GRVDWVLU¡P
VSUDG¡MRSDVDNRWL
² 6HQDL WDL EXYR 'DU Dã MXGYLHMÐ W¡YDL DPåLQ DWLOV³ LU YLVL PÌVÐ VRGåLDXV SR
SRQDLVWHEHEXYRP.UDW¡YDãLWDLDQDPHODXNHSDPLãN¡MHPXGXVX%DOWUXP5XGRNXP¡ãO
VNXE¡MRYD GLUEWL QHV EXYR MDX SR SLHWÐ R OLJL YDNDUR WXU¡MRYD QXNUDWWL GDU GLGHO³ P¡ãOÐ
DSYHåWODXNRSORW2QHGXRN'LHYHEÌGDYRQHSDEDLJVLGDUER7DLJLGLUERYDLãVLMXRVXVLX
%HVLãOXRVWGDPVQXRNDNWRVSUDNDLWSDN¡OLDXJDOY²åLÌULXSURSDWSXãLHVYLUãÌQ
GDQJXMH
åLEXU¡OLVãDOGHEHVLRSRNXULXRNWLNVDXO¡SDOLQGR
²äLÌU¡N²VDNDX%DOWUXL²DUWLNQHåYDLJåG¡åLED
²$UWXVDSQXRML²DWVLOLHS¡%DOWUXVLUSDN¡O¡JDOY
²%HWWXSDåLÌU¡N²DWVDNLDXMDP²DUJLQLHNRQHPDWDLSDNUDãWDQRGHEHV¡OLRNXU
ãLWXåWRVSXãLHVQLÌNVR
²,ãWLHVвVXãXNR%DOWUXV²OJWDUWXPNDVåLED
6XVWRMRYD PXGX åLÌULYD LQW W åYDLJåG
 LU JDOYRMDYD NDV WDW JDOL EÌWL NDG GLHQ
åYDLJåG¡SDVLURG¡7LNSDPDW¡YDQHEHWROLHLQDSULHYDL]GDV*LQEXWDVWDVSDWVNXUVLUGDEDU
SDXSMHWHEHJYHQD
3HUYLVNÌQPXGYLHPãLXUSDVSDU¡MR
²2NRMÌVþLRQDLXQFYRWDLVXVWRM
VWRYLWD²VXULNRSULVLDUWLQ
V
²3DPDþLDXSRQDLåYDLJåG
²VDNDXYLVDVGUHE¡GDPDV²WDLåLÌULYDVX%DOWUXPL
1HåLQRYDNDVWDWJDOLEÌWL
².RNLåYDLJåG
NXU²SDNODXV¡
²äLÌU¡N²VDNDX²SRQDVSURDQRVSXãLHVYLUãÌQ
²NDLSWLNSDNUDãWGHEHV¡OLR
åLED
,UãLDLSåLÌU¡MRSULHYDL]GDVLUWDLS²QHPDWR
²1LHNRQHPDWDX²WDU¡SLNWDLLUSDOLN
VPXGXQX¡MRDWJDO
2PXGXVX%DOWUXPGUHEDYD'DEDUVDNRYDWDLMDXEXV1X¡M
VOLHSVDWQHãWLYþLÐ
NÌO³SDãDXNVPXGXSDYLHWLQNXUYLVDGRVSODNGDYRLUGXRVWLHNNDGSDQHãWLQHJDO¡VLYD,U
åYDLJåG
 XåPLUãRYD 'LUERYD GDEDU WDLS NDG WLN GXON¡V SHU ODXN ¡MR EHW ãLUGV DELHMÐ
GUHE¡MR$QWJDORSDPDW¡YDVXJU³åWDNDåLQNXRUDQNRMQHãLQDV.RMDVPXGYLHPSDNLUWRWLN
SDVWRY¡WLEHJDOLYD
²$UWHEHPDWWLGDUåYDLJåG¡²SDNODXV¡PDQ
V
3DN¡OLDX JDOY DXNãWQ ² GDU åLED 3DURGåLDX 3ULG¡MR SULHYDL]GDV SULH DNLHV LOJ
YDP]GHO³LUåLÌUL
²7HLVE¡åYDLJåG¡²DWVLOLHS¡OXNWHU¡M
V²*HUDVJLWX6LPDQDLDNLVWXULNDG
JDO¡MDLMSDPDWWL
3DWV SDåLÌU¡MR SDVNXL LU PXGYLHP YDP]GHO³ GDY¡ 3D¡PLDX M³ GUHEDQþLRP UDQNRP
SULG¡MDXSULHDNLHVLUNXRWLNQHVXULNDXQXVWHE
VWDLSGDEDUDLãNLDLPDWWLEXYRåYDLJåG¡LU
WRNLD EXYR DSVNULWD JUDåL NDLS PDåDV DXNVR REXROV 3DVNXL SDSDVDNRMR PXGYLHP
SULHYDL]GDVNRNLRåYDLJåG¡VHVWLGLGXPRNDVMRVWRNLRVUD'DXJWDGDMLVPXGYLHPDSVDN¡
7RNVJHUDVEXYRNRNLRQ¡SLUPDQ¡SDVNXLQLHNDGRVQHPDþLDX$QWJDORDWVLPLQ¡NDGPHV
VWRYLPLUOLHS¡HLWLGLUEWÐ
²äLÌU¡NLWNDGOLJLYDNDUREÌWÐSDGDUWD²SDVDN¡QXHLGDPDVãLXUNãþLXEDOVX
%HWPXGXVX%DOWUXPOLQNVPXMDXEXYRPNDGWDLSYLVDNDVJHUDLSDVLEDLJ¡
²7DLQHSDNOLXYRWDXåWDL²SDNODXV¡PDQREUROLV
²1HWXRNDUWXåYDLJåG¡LãJHOE¡MR²DWVDN¡DWVLGXVGDPDV6LPDQDV
²2OXSGDYRRLOXSGDYR²NDOE¡MRWROLDXDWVLPLQ
VSUDHLW³VHQHOLVOLQJXRGDPDVåLO
VDYRJDOY²8åPHQNLDXVLGDLNWHO³NUDXMDVSODXNWHSODXN¡,UQHGXRN'LHYHMHLJXNDVQRUV
NDUW SDNOLÌGDYR WDV YLV JYHQLP PLQ¡GDYR 'DEDU WDL EHSLJD VX ãLWXR -ÌV ãLW PRNVOXV
HLQDWåPRQ¡PLVSDOLHNDW²LUWDLVNXQGåLDW¡VRMÌVÐW¡YDLNLHNYLHQYDODQGXåVDYRNDLO³
DUED QHW LU JYE
 GUHE¡GDYR 2 WHþLDXV QXR MÐ GDLQÐ YLVL PLãNDL DSOLQNXL VNDPE¡MR ,U
OLQNVPL EXYR WDGD PLãNDL SLOQL SDXNãþLÐ LU JYXOLÐ ODXNLQLÐ QXR XRJÐ LU JUEÐ åHP¡
PDUJXOLDYRULHãXWвNLHNGDEDUJOHOLÐXS¡MLUOLÌQXRVåXYLHV²NLHNWLNQRULLUNRNLRV
åXYLHV.DGVXJDXGDYDLOG³DUEDOQWDLEÌGDYRNRQHãWL1RUVGDXJLDXVLDWÐYLVÐGDLNWÐ
SRQXLWXU¡GDYRPSULVWDWWLEHWLUPXPVãLVWDVNOLÌGDYR2GDEDUPLãNXVNXRQHYLVXVDSOLQNXL
LãNLUWR²Y¡MDVVP¡O³QHãLRMD1XHLQLPHGåLRWÐYDLNãWDLYLVGLHQYDUJVWLLUJDLãXRMLJHUDL
MHLJXQRUVNLãNHO³DUEDWHWLUYLQSDUVLQHãLGDåQLDXVLDJLGNRPUDQNRPQDPRSDUHLQLäXYV
LãQNRGåLDXJLHVMHLJXSDVQLQNXLDUED.ÌþLRPVWLNPDLOLDXVSDVLJDXQL(WEORJQHLQDLU
JDQD.DGQRUVWLHUXJLDLLUYDVDURMXVJHULDXDXJWÐ
6LPDQDVQXWLORLUOLÌGQRPDNLPåLÌU¡MRWROXPRQ-DXDUWLQRVYDNDUDV,ãPLãNRLãOLQGR
LOJL WDPVÌV ãDã¡OLDL LU SODþLDL XåGHQJ¡ UXJLÐ ODXN 6DXO¡ ULHG¡MR åHPQ LU UXRã¡VL JUHLWDL
SDVLVO¡SWLXåDXNãWRâYHQWRVLRVNUDQWR2UDVY¡VR0HWDVEXYRQDPR 1HQRURPLV LãOLQGRP
YLVLWUVLãSRSXãLHVNXUWDLSJHUDEXYRJXO¡WL6LPDQDVQX¡MRGDUYDVDURMDXVåLÌU¡WÐRPXGX
VXEUROLXQDPR$WVLJU
åGDPDVLOJDLGDUPDþLDXVWRYLQ¡MDQþLODXNH6LPDQRVWRYODQWJDOR
MLSDVLVXNRXåPLãNHOLRLULãQNR
1905
3ÌJDNDOQXRVH
ËåLDLUVWDXJLDâYLFRNDOQXRVH7DUVLYLVRVSUDJDURGYDVLRVLãOLQGRLãXUYÐVXVNULGR
WDUSãLWÐNDOQÐLUGDEDUNDXNLDãYLOSLDLUMXRNLDV.DLSSDGÌNXVLRVQDUGRMRVSRHåHULã
SDþLRGXJQRYHUVGDPRVDXNãWQYDQGHQVEDQJDVODNVWRYLUãÌQ¡PLVLUNORQLDLVWUDQNGDPRV
XRODVODQNVWGDPRVPHGåLXV*DOLQJDVYLHVXODVQHãDLUVYDLGRDSOLQNXLLãSUDSOãXVLÐGHEHVÐ
VQLHJ'DQJXVVXåHPHVXVLPDLã¡
9LVDVDSVQLJWDVQXYDUJ
VHLQDJULP]GDPDVJLOLDLVQLHJDQMDXQDVNHOHLYLV1LHNR
DSOLQNXLQHEHPDWR$NVHPLUJDEDOWXRMDDXVVHJDXGåLDEDXJXVSÌJRVVNDUGDV1HEHåLQR
Q¡NXUUDQ¡NXULDQNUDãWDQUHLNLDHLWL,ãSDOHQJYRVOLQNGDPDVSLUPQDWVDUJLDLþLXSLQ¡MD
OD]GDåHP
ELMRNXUQXNULVWLQHVMDXþLDVLQHEHNHOLXHLQV
2GDUYLVDLQHVHQDLWDLSEXYRJUDåXãLWXRVHNDOQXRVH%XVJDOWLNNRNLDYDODQGDNDLS
VWRY¡GDPDVDXNãWDLPDW¡MLVåHPDL)LUYDOGãWHWRHåHULUNLWXV²VXPDUJXOLDXMDQþLDLVMÐ
SDNUDQW¡VHPLHVWDLVLUPLHVWHOLDLVDSOLQNXLYLVDLQHWROLEOL]J¡MRDXNãWDLDXNãWDLNLOVWDQþLRV
VLGDEULQ¡VNDOQÐYLUãÌQ¡V
.DGDXåãLWÐYLUãÌQLÐQXVLOHLGRVWHEXNOLQJDLJUDåLVDXO¡MLVSDVLVXNRåHPQ$SDþLRM
PDWWLEXYRYLHãEXWLVMDPHMLVWDU¡VLSHUQDNYRVLVLUUWRMUWJU³ãLVLXULFKDQ%HWRUDV
ÌPDLSHUVLPDLQ¡SUDG¡MRVQLJWLLUSDNLO
VYLHVXODVYLVDVXPDLã¡3DVLOLNRMLVWDUSNDOQÐ
YLHQDVDSOHLVWDVQXOLÌG
V
.HOHLYLVDSVLVWRMR3UDG¡MRGDLUWLHVLUNODXVWLHVDUQHSDPDWVNXUPLUJXRMDQþLR
åLEXU¡OLRDUQHSDJDXVåPRJDXVEDOVRYDUSÐVNDPE¡MLPR1LHNR7LNJLUG¡WLNDLSVLXQWDSÌJD
LUVNDXGåLDLSODNDãLUGLVNUÌWLQ¡MH
'LHYHQHMDXJLWHNWÐþLRQDLSUDåÌWL´²SHU¡MRMDPSHUJDOYPLQWLV-DXW¡NDLS
SD¡P¡M³ãLXUSDVLUDSPLU¡JVORVHNUDXMDV
%HWYHLNLDLDWVLJDYRDWVLPLQ¡NDGQHWROLWXULEÌWLYLHãEXWLV5HLNLDWLNSD¡M¡WLLU
SDVLURGVåLEXUV,UMLVWYLUWDLVåLQJVQLDLVSUDG¡MRHLWLSLUPQGDåQDLSDUNULVGDPDVLUY¡O
DWVLNHOGDPDV¡MRJUHLWDLJLOLDLNY¡SXRGDPDVLUVNXE¡GDPDV²WDUVLELMRMRSDVLY¡OLQWL MR
LOJDLLOJDLWDLSMDPURG¡V%HWQHLåLEXULRQHLåPRJDXVEXWRQHSDPDW¡2SÌJDYLVODELDX
VLXWRY¡MDVGÌNRãDOWLV¡MRVWLSUQ
²*HOE¡NLW²LãYLVRVJDOLRVVXULNRQHODLPLQJDVLUSDWVVDYREDOVRQXVLJDQGRWDLS
MLVEXYRVLOSQDV
1LHNDVQHDWVLOLHS¡7LNVXNDXN¡VXVLMXRN¡YLUãXMHLUQXO¡N¡WROLDX
²*HOE¡NLWJHOE¡NLW²QHVDYREDOVXVXULNRY¡OEHWWVDYRãDXNVPYRVSDWV
EHJLUG¡MR
1XYDUJ
VSDUJULXYRDQWåHP¡VLUSDMXWRNDGLãDNLÐNULQWDJDXVLRVVNDXGåLRVDãDURV
%HWJUHLWDLDWVLN¡O¡LUVNXELQDLVNXELQDLSUDG¡MRY¡OEULVWLSHUVQLHJ1LHNR
QHEHåLÌU¡MR9LHQRWLNGDLNWREHWURãNRSULHåPRQLÐSULHãYLHVRVNLHNJDOLQWWROLDXQXRãLWRV
EDLVLRVLRVSÌJRVLUY¡MR%ULGRLUEULGRNXRQHWHNLQDVSHUVQLHJSDUYLUVGDPDVLUDWVLNHOGDPDV
²WDUVLXåSDNDOMMDXQHEHWROLMDXW¡LãWLHVWDGDOJHJLOWLQ

$QWJDORYLVXVDYRNÌQXVXVLGDY¡LQWNLHWGDLNWLUSDUNULWRDQWåHP¡V$SþLXSLQ¡M
V
DSOLQNXLSDWU¡NDGWHQEXYRPHGLV3ULãOLDXå¡DUWQLUXåVLJODXG¡QXRY¡MR%HWY¡MDVLU
þLRQDLM³UDGRLãYLVÐSXVLÐUDXV¡VSURMRUÌEXVOLJLSDþLRNÌQRYLVXUQHãGDPDVãLXUSLUãDOW³
-DXW¡NDGYLHQDMRNRMDXå¡MXVLLUQHEHJDOLSDMXGLQWLSLUãWÐ
²9LVWLHNþLRQDLWHNVQDNYRWL²WDU¡VDXEDOVX
3RPHGåLXEHWXS¡GDPDV³åLÌU¡MRNDGWDWEXYRGLGHO¡åHPDLSDOLQNXVLRPLVãDNRPLV
HJO¡$WVLPLQ¡WXU³VSHLO³²LUMRJDOYRMHJLP¡WYLUWDPLQWLV$WVLN¡O
VQXVLWY¡U¡YLHQãDN
SDVNXLNLWWUHþLSMRY¡MDVSHLOLXQXRHJO¡VLUPHW¡åHP¡Q3ULSMDXVW
VVXULQNRMDV
VXNDLãLRMRLãWRVSXV¡VNXUSÌW¡Y¡MDVVQLHJDQNLWDVVXG¡MRLãLOJDLLUWRNLXEÌGXSDVLGDU¡VDX
JXRO³3DVNXLSUDG¡MRWUHSLQ¡WLNRMRPLVLUGDXåWLLQWYLHQDNLWUDQNDVQRU¡GDPDVQRUVNLHN
DSãLOWL$QWJDORVXVLULHW¡SDGDUWDPHJXROMHLUSULVLJODXG¡SULHPHGåLR-DXW¡VLNLHNJHU¡OLDX
²QHWQXVLãSVRMRLãVDYRSDWDORWDUVLUHQJ¡VLþLRQDLQDNYRWL
²*DONDLSQRUVSUDVWXPVLXþLDQDNW³VXODXNVLXUWR²PDQ¡VDXYLHQDV²7ROLDX
QHEHLVLXYLVWLHNLãWRQLHNRQHEXVGDUODELDXNXUSDNOVLX
²2NDåLQNGDEDUGUDXJDLLXULFKHYHLNLD²DWVLPLQ¡MDXQLNDLWLV-XNãLQDNW³
SUDVLG¡V1DXMLHMLPHWDLWXUEÌWVXVLULQNRYLVLOLQNVPLQDVLUODXNLDPLQ¡GDPLVDYRJLPLQHVLU
GUDXJXVWROLPRMW¡YQ¡MHOLNXVLXV,UNDPDãYLHQDVWXRVQDNDOQXRVQDGDEDULã¡MDX*HULDX
EÌþLDXVXMDLVSDVLOLQNVPLQ
V1DXMXRVLXVPHWXVGUDXJHSDVLWLN
VRNDOQXVLUNLWNDUWEÌþLDX
SDPDW
V
3ULVLVWDWRMLVVDXNDLSWDWEÌWÐJHUDEÌWLãLOXPRMHWDUSGUDXJÐMXRNDXWLLUOLQNVPLQWLHV
2GDEDU²EUULUSHUMRNÌQSHUHLQDãLXUSDV
%HWãLWDLMRJDOYRMHNLOVWDNLWDVEUDQJHVQLVSDYHLNVODVãYLHVLDPãLOWDPNDPEDUV¡GLMR
W¡YDV²GDNWDUDVLUPRWQDRLãMÐãDOLвMRGYLVHVHULDELMDXQXWLJUDåLNDLSGYL
VSURJVWDQWLEDOWLOHOLMLYLVLYDOJRYDNDULHQ
LUODXNLD1DXMÐMÐPHWÐ7ROLMLHQXRMRXåNHOLÐ
ãLPWÐPOLÐ
²*HUDMLHPVãLOWD²ãSVRVDSVLEODXV
VMDXQLNDLWLV²7XUEÌWLUPDQHPLQLODXNLD
NDGDSDUYDåLXRVLX
1XRWRSDYHLNVORLUPLQþLÐMDPãLUGMHUDQGDVOHQJYDLUUDPXMLVMDXþLDVLãLOþLDXLU
JHULDX²WDUVLSDþLRVPRWQRVUDQNDSDJORVWWDVLUDSNORWDV
-³SUDGHGDLPWLPLHJDVDNVPHUNLDV
%HWNDVþLRQDL-RDNVHDWVLVWRMDMDXQRVPHUJLQRVSDYHLNVODV
²-XOWHPDQRPOLPRMLEUDQJLRML-XOWH²ãQLEåGDMDXQLNDLþLROÌSRVLUãLUGLV
GUHEDLãEDLP¡V
1RUVXåVLPHUN
VEHWDLãNLDLPDWRMRVOLQNVPYHLGLUP¡OQDVDNLV³M³WDLSPDORQLDL
åLÌULQþLDV$WVLPHQDNDLSSDVNXWLQ³NDUWVXMDVNU¡VLåDG¡MRXåPHWÐJU³åWLVXMDVXVLG¡WLLU
MDXNDUWXYDåLXRWLPRNWÐV
$ãYHLNLDLSDEDLJVLXPRNVOLUVXJU³ãLXLQWWDYH²ãQLEåGDWDUVLMUDPLQGDPDV
MDXQLNDLWLV²6XVLG¡VLYDLUMDXJY
VLYDNDUWXVDYRW¡YQ¡MHWDUSVDYÐMÐåPRQLÐGLUEVLYD
YLVXRPHQ¡VODEXLLUEÌVLYDODLPLQJXODLPLQJX$ãYHLNLDL-XOWVXJU³ãLX
6XWXRSDYHLNVOXãLUGMMDXQLNDLWLVXåPLJRDQWDPåLÐ
LXULFKDV,
.ÌGLNVW¡VVDSQDL
,6HQXW¡%DOWUXYLHQ¡
'DULUGDEDUNDLSJYDVWRYLPDQDNVH%DOWUXYLHQ¡DãWXRQLÐGHãLPWÐPHWÐVHQXW¡
6XQNLDPåLDXVQDãWDLUYDUJÐMXQJDVQXOHQN¡åLOMRVJDOYåHPQLãYDJRMRUDXNãO¡PLVNDGDL
WDLJUDåÐYHLGLUVLOSVWDQþLRQUDQNRQ³VSUDXG¡NUHLYãDNRWOD]GHO
%DOWXQXRPHWX
DSVLULãXVLNDLOLQLDLVDSVLYLONXVLJUHLWDLHLQDMLUXGHQLRGLHQJDWYHVXVLNÌSULQXVLVDYR
OD]GHOHSDVLULPVþLXRGDPD
²6HQXWNXU7DPVWDHLQL²NODXVLDPHSULO¡N
SULHMRVLUDSVWRM
DSOLQNXL
0DORQLDLåLÌULML³PXVPDåXþLXVMRVYHLGDVSUDãYLQWDDNVMXRNLDVJORVWGDPDPÌVÐ
JDOYDVMLVDNR
²9DNDUSDUQHãLDX3HWULHQHLPDåXW³VÌQHO³WDLGDEDUHLQXDSODQNWÐHLNLWHNDUWX²
LUMXPVSDURGVLXO¡O
´
,UMLNXRQHWHNLQDHLQDWROLDXRPHVVWRYLPQXVLPLQ
LUQHåLQRPNDVGDUWL$QWJDOR
VXVLWDU
HLQDPSDV3HWULOJDLVWRYLPHSULHPHQ¡MQ¡YLHQDVQHGU³VGDPDVSLUPDVHLWLYLGXQLã
SDOHQJYRSUDYHULDPHGXULVNXPãGDPLYLHQDVNLWEDLOLDLVXHLQDPHJULQþLRQQXVLLPDPHQXR
VDYRJDOYÐNHSXUHVLUVXVLJÌå
NDLSPDåLDQþLXNDLVXVWRMDPHSULHGXUÐQHåLQRGDPLDUþLD
SDVLOLNWLDUHLWLWROLDX9LGXMLããOXRWDãYLHVX$QWORYRVJXOL3HWULHQ¡ãDOMRVNDEDSDWDLVWDV
ORSãVDSOLQNVXNLQ¡MDVLVHQXW¡7URERMQLHNRGDXJLDXQ¡UD0XPVVX¡MXVVHQXW¡SULVLDUWLQD
SULHGXUÐQLHNRQHVDNGDPDEUXNãEUXNãLãWUDXNLDQXRPÌVÐYLVÐNHSXUHVLUQXVLQHãDSDV
ORSã³3HWULHQ¡JXO¡GDPDåLÌUL³PXVLUãSVRV
²7DLMXPV²MDXQHEHJDXVLWHGDEDUNHSXULвVDNRMLVLOSQXEDOVX
%HWPXPVQHMXRNDLQRUVQHVXSUDQWDPNDVEHWPDWRPNDGDWVLWLNRQHJHUDL
,ãVLJDQG
LãSO¡W
DNLVåLÌULPHWDL³YLHQDVNLWWDL³ORSã³WDUVLNODXVGDPLHVNDVGDEDUUHLNLD
GDUWLNDLSEHNHSXULÐQDPRSDUHLWL9LHQDVNLWDVLãPÌVÐSUDGHGDWDPSWLOÌSDVWUDXNWL
QRV³RSDWVPDåDVLVLPDYHUNWL
²2NRMÌVYDLNHOLDL²NODXVLDXåJLUGXVLYHUNVPVHQXW¡LUHLQDSULHPÌVвLWLW
QHYHUNLW²PDOGRMLPXV²DãWLNSDMXRNDYDX²WHWLWMXPVMÌVÐNHSXU¡V
1RU¡GDPDYLVDLPXVQXUDPLQWLVHQXW¡SULYHGDYLVXVSULHORSãLRLUURGRPXPVO¡O
´
%LMRGDPLHVNDGY¡OQHLãWUDXNWÐNHSXULÐNLHWDLDELHPUDQNRPWXULPHMDVVXVSDXG
LUDNODL
åLÌULPH³PDåVXYVWWVXWY¡ULP¡O³
²2NDUJUDåXV²NODXVLDVHQXW¡
².DGVXVLUDXN
V«²DWVLOLHSLDQHGUVLDLYLHQDVLãPÌVÐ
²7DLG¡OWRYDLNHOLDLNDGMLVGDEDUGDåGHOLVYDUGRQHWXUL²DLãNLQDPXPVVHQXW¡
².DLNXQLJ¡OLVSDNULNãWVãY
VWXYDQGHQLXSDNUDSVSDPDWVWHNRNVEXVJUDåXV
²7DLSDVNXLMDXMLVQHEHEXVåGHOLV²NODXVLDPHPHV
² .DLSDNULNãWVQHEHEXV²EXVWRNVNDLSLUMÌVYLVL
1HJDO¡GDPLVDYRVLOSQRPLVJDOYRPLVVXPHVWLNDLSLãåGHOLRJDOLSDVLGDUWL
QHåGHOLVPHVQXWODPLUWLNGDDNOLDXåLÌULP³PDåNÌGLN³
²2LãNXUVHQXW7DPVWDM³SDUQHãHL²NODXVLDPHMRV
²,ãXSHOLRYDLNHOLDL²DWVDNRVHQXW¡² MDXSURãDO³SDPDþLDXSODXNDQW³GXRE¡M
²SDJDYDXLUDWQHãLDX
²$UWRMGXRE¡MNXUSULHOLHSWDL
²7RMWRM
²7DL7DPVWDLUPXVWHQDLSDJDYDL
²,UMXVYDLNHOLDLLUMXV
1XVWHE
NODXVRPVHQXW¡VLUVXNDPVDXJDOYDVNDLSWDVYLVDNDVJDOLEÌWL$QWJDOR
DWVLVYHLNLQDPVXMDLUHLQDPLãJUþLRV2ULHVXVLWDULDPHLWLSDVXSHO³DUQHSDPDWVPHLUPHV
NRNLRVQRUVO¡O¡V´SODXNDQW7DUVLELMRGDPLHVNDGNDVPÌVÐQHSDVHUJ¡WÐSDWORPLVOHNLDP
SDVOLHSWVXVWRMDPSULHGXREHLLUVXQHVXSUDQWDPDPXPVEDLPHåLÌULPYDQGHQLQ
²8WåLÌU¡NLW²NDLSLUNRSDEÌJ
VVDNRSDãQLEåGRPLVYLHQDVLãPÌVÐLUURGRSLUãWX
GXRE¡Q,ãSO¡W
DNLVåLÌULPYDQGHQLQLUPDWRPHWHQDLWLNPDåXþLXVMXRNLQJDLLãVLUHLãNXVLXV
VDYRYHLGXV1LHNRQHJDY
VXãDO
LUDONDQLVNLUVWRP¡VQXRGXRE¡VLUNLHNYLHQDVVDXHLQDP
QDPR
,,0RWLQD
²0DPDYDOJWQRULX²SUDãDXQHSDVS¡M
V³HLWLJUþLRQ
²2NXUWHLSLOJDLODNVWHL²UÌVþLDLEHWNDUWXUÌSHVWLQJDLVDNRPRWLQD²0DWDL
YLVDVVXãDO
VQHWSDP¡OQDY
V
²%XYDXSDV3HWUVHQXW¡O¡O
SDURG¡²DWVDNDXJUHLWDLDOVXRGDPDV
1RULXQXVLYLONWLVDYRåLSRQEHWMRNLXEÌGXQHJDOLXLãWUDXNWLLãUDQNRY¡VUDQNRV
0RWLQDPHWDYHUSWLSUL¡MXVQXYHONDPDQH²åLSRQSDGHGDDQWORYRVNHSXU
SDNDELQDDQW
NDEOLRLUHLQDSULHNURVQ¡VWHQDLSDLPDEOLÌGåLXNLU³SLOLDPDQãLOWÐXåEDOLQWÐEDWYLQLÐ
,ãDON
VLUVXãDO
VYDOJDXNDLSãLHQSMRY
V3DEDLJ
VSHUVLåHJQRMXEDOVLDLLULãSDOHQJYR
ELMRGDPDVDSVLULNWLLUHLQXSULHPRWLQRV3ULVLJODXG
VLUSDG¡M
VDQWMRVNHOLÐVDYRJDOYWOLX
LUNODXVDXVWLNNDLSURPLDLLUYLHQRGDLÌåLDNDOYDUDWDV7HLSJHUDSULHPRWLQRV-LYLHQDUDQND
YHUSLDNLWDJORVWRPDQRJDOY*UþLRMGDXJLDXQLHNRQ¡UD
²0DPDDULUPDQHVHQXW¡DWQHã¡LãXSHOLR²NODXVLXMRV
²7DLNDLSJLYDLNHOL²DWQH㡲DWVDNRPRWLQD
²$ULUWDGDEXYRWHLSãDOWD
²/DEDLãDOWDEXYRYDLNHOLODEDL
.DLSWDLQHVXãDODX´²DWHLQDPDQPLQWVRPRWLQDQ¡WDLPDQQ¡WDLSDWLVDXYLHQD
NDOEDWROLDX
²7XJLPHLSDYDVDU³SULHãSDþLDV9HONDVVLOSQXWLVWRNVEXYDLWDU¡PNDG
QHEHJY
VLWSDþLGLHQLUNULNãWWÐWDYHYHå¡,USDVNXLLOJDLGDUEXYDLQHVYHLNDVXåPHWÐ
SUDG¡MRNHOWLHVDQWNDNORLUUDQNÐYRWVPDQLDXNDGMDXWLNUDLPLUVLLUPDUãNLQ¡OLXVEDOWXV
SDVLXYDX
²$UWXRVNLUGDEDUãYHQW¡PLVQHãLRMX²NODXVLXPRWLQRV
²7XRV²DWVDNRMLLULPDPDQHDQWNHOLÐ
²2NXUDãEÌþLDXEXY
VMHLJXEÌþLDXQXPLU
V
²$XNãWDLGDQJXMSDV'LHYXO³
²$ULUEDOWDLVPDUãNLQ¡OLDLVYLVDGRVEÌþLDXQHãLRM
V
²7DXWHQDLEÌWÐGDXJJUDåHVQLXVGDY
²WHQDLEÌWXPNDLSDQLRO¡OLVQHVYLVLPDåL
YDLNHOLDLNXULHQXPLUãWDDQLRO¡OLDLVSDOLHND
²$ULUVSDUQHOLXVWXU¡þLDX
²7XU¡WXP
²7DLNRG¡OPDPDDãQHQXPLULDX²NODXVLXWDUVLJDLO¡GDPRVNDGWHLSQHDWVLWLNR
²*HUDLYDLNHOLNDGQHQXPLUHLDUJLQHEÌWÐJDLOXPDQ
VSDOLNWL²VDNRMDXVPLQJX
EDOVXPRWLQDVSDXGåLDPDQHSULHVDYRNUÌWLQ¡VLUEXþLXRMDPDQJDOY3DVNXLUÌSHVWLQJDL
DSåLÌULPDQRNDNOJDOYLUYHLGDUQ¡UDWHQDLNRNLRVNDXGXOLRDUåDL]GRVDUQHVXVLNÌOLDX
NXUEHODNVWGDPDVDWVHJDLUDWUDLWRPDQRPDUãNLQLÐUDQNRY
LãDELHMÐUDQNRVSXVLÐDLãNLDL
åPLRVQXREXYXVLÐYRþLгGXEXVLRVXåJLMXVLRVåDL]GRV
²,ãþLDQHWNDXOHOLVQHGLGHOLVLãNULWRNDGDWUÌNRYRWLV²NDOEDPRWLQDþLXSLQ¡GDPD
DWVLNLãXV³LUVNDXGDQW³JXEXU¡O³
²1HEXVLãWDY
VDUWRMDXV²W
VLDMLJDLOHVWDXGDPDWROLDX²%ÌVLXEDJ¡OLXLUGXRQRV
QHJDO¡VLVDXXåVLGLUEWLLUVNULDXVWDYHNDLSRPDåHVQ³M³YLVL
1RUVQHVXSUDQWXJHUDLPRWLQRVåRGåLÐUHLãNLPREHWMDXþLXNDGEÌVLXQHODLPLQJDV
SDVLGDURWHLSJULDXGXLUVNDXGXNDGSULVLJODXG
VSULHMRVNUÌWLQ¡VSUDGHGXEDOVLDLYHUNWL
²LWYDLNHOQHYHUN²PDOGRMLPDQH²$ãWDXSDGDLQXRVLXJDUQLRGDLQ²QRUL
²1RULX²DWVDNDXNQLXNV¡GDPDVSHUDãDUDVQHVWGDLQPRWLQDPDQGDåQLDXVLD
GDLQXRGDYR9HUSGDPDPRWLQDVXSDPDQHVDYRNRMRPRPDORQLGDLQRVJDLGDWDUVLOHSLQDLU
OLÌOLXRMDSULHPLHJR0DQWHLSJHUDWHLSMDXþLXRVODLPLQJXLUUDPLX
²*DUQVJDUQVWDVLOJDNDNOV²JLUGåLXMDXVQDXVGDPDVWHLSPDORQLDL
VNDPEDQþLXVLUSODXNLDQþLXVGDLQRVåRGåLXV
*UHLWDLXåPLHJXLUMDXþLXWLNNDLSPDQHPRWLQDQHãDDQWORYRVãLOWDLDSNORMDLU
SHUåHJQRMXVPDQRJDOYJU³åWDY¡OSULHVDYRGDUER
,,,3LUPLHMLDWVLPLQLPDL
.DLSLãGUDVNWRJUDåDXVåROQRDWVNLULODSHOLDLVWRYLDNVHVHQLDLSUDO¡NXVLRVPDåXP¡V
SDYHLNVODL$WVLPHQXV¡GåLXPDåDVORSã1XRODQJÐãYLHVLRPLVMXRVWRPLVLãVLWLHV
VDXO¡V
VSLQGXOLDL7UREDãYLHVLLããOXRWD1LHNRGDXJLDXVQ¡UDWLNãDOPDQRORSãLRV¡GLVHVHU¡þLD
0DUMRQDLUPHOGåLDV0DWWãYHQW¡YLVLEDåQþLRQLã¡MRPXGXWLNãHLPLQLQNDLVOLNRYD
²3HS¡V²SUDãDX0DUMRQRV
-LSHUVLåHJQRMDSDGHGDDQWODQJRNQJLUHLQDSULHNURVQ¡V$ãVHNXSDVNXLMDNLPLV
LUåLÌULXNMLGDURPDWDXNDLSDWLGHQJLDNURVQ
³NLãDYLGXQJDOYLULãWUDXNLDLãWHQDL
SXRGQ¡O
PDWDXNDLSDWSMDXQDJDEDO¡O³P¡VRVLUQHãDPDQ²DãOLQNVPDV3DYDOJ
VOLHNX
GDUOLQNVPHVQLVDWVLVWRMXORSãQXVLWYHULXMRYLUYLÐLUSUDGHGXVXSWLHVWHLSNDGQHWOLQJ¡³
OXEDVGDXåRV,ãVLJDQGXVL0DUMRQDODLNRLãDELHMÐORSãLRSXVLÐVDYRUDQNDVELMRGDPDNDG
QHLãNULVþLDXLUVWDEGRPDQH%HWDãMRVQHNODXVDXMXRNLXRVEDOVLDLLUVXSXRVGDUODELDX
-XRNLDVLU0DUMRQD$QWJDORQXYDUJVWXLUSUDãDXMRVNDGLãNHOWÐPDQHLãORSãLR,OJDL
YDLNãWLQ¡MXYLUVWDNXOLXRGDPDVNDLSDQþLXNDVSRDVOQRU¡GDPDVDELHPUDQNHO¡PQXWYHUWLWDL
PXVLVNUHQGDQþLWDLãYLHVLVDXO¡VVSLQGXOLÐMXRVW
7DLY¡ODWVLPHQXYHVWXYHV3LOQDJUþLDåPRQLÐãÌNDXQDU¡NDXQDãRNDDSOLQNPDQR
ORSã³DQWORYRVLUVXRORVXV¡G
VXGLGHO¡PLVLUPDåRPLVVPXLNRPLVPX]LNDQWDLJULHåLDNDLS
WLNJDOL$ãSDWVV¡GåLXORSãDSNUDXWDVVDOGXPQDLVSDXNãWW¡PLV´LUEDUDQNRPLVYLHQ
GLGHO
EDUDQNWXULXSDN¡O
VUDQNRMHLUURGDXNLHNYLHQDPNXULVWLNSULVLDUWLQDSULHORSãLRLU
ODEDLGåLDXJLXRVMHLJXNDVNUDLSRJDOYLUVWHELVLNDGSDVPDQHEDUDQNDLãWLHVÐODEDLGLGHO¡
VXWRNLXWXRMDXSUDGHGXVDYRWLãNDLNDOE¡WLHVLUURGWLMDPYLVVDYRWXUWNXULXRPDQH
YHVWXYLQLQNDLDSGRYDQRMR,ãSDVDNRM
VYLVDY¡OSUDGHGX³YLVDVãDOLVGDLUWLHVLãYLVRNR
VWHE¡GDPRVLUQLHNRQHVXSUDVGDPDV0DQQ¡JDOYRMNDGWDLLãWHNDPDQRVHVHU¡þLD0DUMRQD
6¡GåLXEÌGDYRDQWORYRVLUGDLUDXVSURODQJ'DXJNPDWDXDQWNDOQHOLRW
VLDVLHLOH
LUVWRYLVXVLNLPãXVLRVVRGåLDXVWURERVGDUåLQ¡VLUJXUEDLSRGHãLQHLSOLNDVMDXODXNDV
PLãNDLVLãJDOÐDSVLDXSWDVSRNDLUHLY¡OPLãNDLQLÌNVR%HWPDQRSDWLQJDWLGåLDWNUHLSLD³
VDYHVWRYLQþLRVXåVRGåLDXVYLHQRMYLHWRMGYLSXãVNLWRM²GYLHJO¡V$ELSXãVVHQRV
GUÌWRVEHWYLHQDDXNãWDDXNãWDVXSDOLQNXVLDYLUãÌQHDQWUDåHPDLUNUHLYD1HåLQDXNRG¡OEHW
PDQUHJLVNDGDXNãWRMLSXãLVWDWQHNDVNLWDVNDLSWLNåGDV$UHOLVNVXSXRGDLVYDåLQ¡MD
URGRVDWVNLULXDQWWRVSXãLHVQHWLNLOJRMR$UHOLREDU]GEHWLUPDLãNXU³MLVYLVDGRVDQW
SHþLÐQHãLRMDVäHPRMDSXãLV²WDLQHGLGHOLVVXVLNXSULQ
VNURPLQLQNDV,FLNDVPDQURGRVL
NDGWDSXãLVNDLSWLN,FLNDVSDVLU¡PXVLOD]GRVWXULDQWVDYRSHþLÐGLGHO³NURP'YLHJO¡VWDL
GYLVHVHUVJUWHOQLQN¡VNDPSLQLQN¡V
NXULRVYDLNãþLRMDSDVPXVOLQÐEUDXNWÐNDLSMRVLUWRV
GYLHJO¡VURGRVLDSVLVXSXVLRVVNDURPLVVDYRJDOYDVYLHQDDXNãWDODLEDNLWDWUXPSDGUÌWD,U
NDGDWLNåLÌULXSURODQJ³WDVSXãLVLUHJOHVYLVDGRVWDSDWLPLQWLVWDVSDWVVXOJLQLPDVDWHLQD
PDQJDOYRQ
$UEDY¡O$WVLGDURJUþLRVGXUVLU³HLQDNDåLQNRNLHQHSDå³VWDPLåPRQ¡VYUDVLU
PRWHULãN¡%XþLXRMDMLHPDQRW¡YXLLUPRWLQDLUDQNDVVYHLNLQDVVXPDQREUROLDLVLUVXVHVXWH
$ãVWRYLXYLGXUORYRVåLÌULXQXVWHEXVLRPDNLPEHWNDVMLHWRNLH²QHSDå³VWX
²'LHYXLG¡NXLLUVYHþLÐVXVLODXN¡P²VDNROLQNVPLDLPRWLQD
²1XVLYLONLWJUHLþLDXVXãLOVWD²NYLHþLDW¡YDV
0RWHULãN¡SULVLDUWLQDSULHPDQ
VLUSDGHGDDQWORYRVNDåLQNVWRUDLDSYQLRWVXVXSW
LUDSNORW,ãWHQDLSUDGHGDNDåLQNDVSORQXEDOVHOLXYHUNWL,ãVLJDQG
VLUQXVWHE
VQHåLQDXN
GDUWL
²-RQLXNSDVLVYHLNLQNJLVXYLHãQLD²VDNRSULVLDUWLQXVLPRWLQD-XNWDWWDYRVHVW¡
1LHNRQHVXSUDQWXNRNLDMLPDQVHVW¡MHLJXMRVQHSDå³VWXWXULXVHVW
WDLWDNDUWXVX
PDQLPJYHQDRþLD²VYHWLPDLUVXNDåLQNRNLXRVYHWLPXYUXRQHVXEUROLXDWYDåLDYR
%HWQRUVQHWLN¡GDPDVLUDEHMRGDPDVSULVLDUWLQXLUEXþLXRMXMDLUDQN9LHãQLDGXRGDPDQ
EDUDQNGXRGDLUQHSDå³VWDPDVYUDVDELHPSDG¡NDYRM
VVXVLULHþLXDQWORYRVLUDWVLG¡M
V
OHSLQXRVLJDXWRPLVGRYDQRPLV
²0DPDRNDVþLDUD²NODXVLXDWVLPLQ
VSDG¡WDQWORYRVGDLNW
²7HQDLO¡O¡JXOLHLNãSDURGVLX
0RWLQDQXGHQJLDVNDULUJUDåLDLSDGDUWDPHLãSULHJDOYLRSDWDO¡OPDWDXPDåXW³
VXYVWWNÌGLN³
²7DLWXMDPG¡G¡HVL²VDNRPDQPRWLQD
9¡OQLHNRQHVXSUDQWXQHVG¡G¡VXDXJ
VGLGHOLVåPRJXVLUYLVDGRVSSN
UÌNGDPDV
DWHLQDRDãLUSDWVPDåDVLUSSN¡VQHUÌNDXWDLNRNVJLDãG¡G¡²PDQDXVDX%HWJUHLWDL
XåPLUãWXDSLHWDLSUDGHGXUÌSHVWLQJDLURSOLQ¡WLDSOLQNNÌGLN³LUM³åDGLQWL,UNDLSQHDSVDNRPDL
GåLDXJLXRVNDGDMLVSUDGHGDãSVRWL
²0DPDPDPD²ãDXNLX²äLÌU¡N²O¡O¡MXRNLDV
,9.ULNãWRPRþLD
²-RQLXNHLPHSDVNULNãWRPRþL²VDNRPDQPRWQD$ãSDOLHNXYLGXDVOVDYR
DUNO³WDLUDPDåVXROHO³NXU³EXYDXMDXYLUYHOHSDåDERM
VLUDSåHUJ
VMRWLLUOHNLXSULH
PRWQRV-LPDQXåPDXQDDQWJDOYRVNHSXU
SDLPDXåUDQNRVLUYHGDVLãJUþLRV6HNXSDVNXL
MWHNLQDVLUWDLNWLNJDOLXVS¡WL2UDVJUDåXVãLOWDVHLWLWHLSJHUD²LUGDUJLSDVNULNãWRPRþL
1HVXSUDQWXNRG¡OMWHLSYDGLQDEHWåLQDXNDGMLJYHQDNLWDPHNLHPHXåXSHOLRLUNDGDWLN
DWHLQDYLVDGRVPDQDWQHãDDUWDLFXNUDXVDUWDLVÌULRJDEDO¡O³RNDUWDLV,UEDUDQN*HUD
NULNãWRPRþLD/HNLXWHNLQDVLUGDLUDXV³YLVDVãDOLVYLVDQRU¡GDPDVSDVWHE¡WLLUVDYDLS
VXSUDVWLPDWDXWDLYDEDOURSOLQ¡MDQW³SRåHP
WDLVNUDLGDQþLNUHJåG
²YLVDURGDX
PRWQDLLUNDOEXEHSHUVWRJ¡V$QWWLOWHOLRVXVWRMXLUSDVLOHQN
VåLÌULXNDLSVULXYHQDYDQGXR
PDQURGRVNDGYDQGHQLXSODXNLDNDåLQNRNLHJYLGDLNWDLLUWDUSXVDY
VWHLSPDORQLDL
PDORQLDLãQHNDVL1RU¡þLDXGDUSDåLÌU¡WLNDVWHQDLWRNLHURSOLQ¡MDDQWXSHOLRGXJQRLUNMLH
GLUEDEHWPRWQDLPDPDQHXåUDQNRVLUYHGDVLWROLDX
3DVLNHOLDPHVLDXUXWDNHOLXDQWNDOQHOLRLU³HLQDPH³QDPXV*UþLRVGXUVDWYLURV
0RWQDQRULPDQHSHUNHOWLSHUVOHQNVW³EHWDãQHVLGXRGXLãVLWUDXN
VLãMRVSDVLVSLULXDELHP
UDQNRPLUVXGLGHOLXYDUJXSHUVLULWXSHUVOHQNVW³JUþLRQSDVNXLJUHLWDLDWVLVWRMXLUQXVLWYHULX
PRWQRVXQGDURNR3ULHãDLVDQWVXRORV¡GLPRWHULãN¡LUåLQGRPDåNÌGLN³äLQDXNDGWDL
PDQRNULNãWRPRþLD7¡YÐLãPRNWDVSULHLQXLUEXþLXRMXMDLUDQNSDVNXLLãN¡W
VDNLVåLÌULX
NDLSPDåDVNÌGLNLVåLQGD.ULNãWRPRþLDQHãLQDNÌGLNLXYHGDPXVVRGDQSDUDãNRREXROLÐLU
GXRGDPRWQDLLUPDQ6DYXRVLXVVXVLGHGXNHSXU¡QLUQHãXRVQHVQDPLHREXROLÐQHWXULPH
3DVNXLHLQDPHYLVLVXNDåLQNRNLXRUHLNDOXSDVNLWNDLPQ,ãWHQDLJU³åWDPHVXPRWQDMDX
NLWX²GLGåLXRMXNHOLXQDPRãLWDLSDNHO¡MVWRYLDXNãWDVNUåLXV(LGDPDVSURãDO³SULOHNLX
SLUPDPRWQRVSULHNUåLDXVLUEXþLXRMXM³
²$UWDLWDYR-XR]DSLHQVÌQXV²JLUGåLXXåSDNDOEDOV
$WVLJU³åWX²YDåLXRMDSURãDO³WXUEÌWQXROLJRQLRNXQLJDV
²0DQRNXQLJ¡O²DWVDNRPRWQD
²*HUDLNDGWRN³VÌQÐWXULLUJUDåXVLUSURWLQJDV²MDXPDåDVPRND'LHYPO¡WL
(LNãDãWDXGRYDQÐGXRVLX²ãDXNLDVLPDQHNXQLJDVVLHNGDPDVUDQNDNHãHQ³
%HWDãQHGU³VWXLUQXVLWY¡U
VPRWQRVVWRYLXDQWYLHWRV0RWQDSULYHGDPDQHDUþLDX
*DXQXJO¡E³VDOGXPQÐSDG¡NDYRMXLUWUDXNLXRVDWJDO
²7LNåLÌU¡NYLVDGRVEÌNWRNVJHUDVNDLSGDEDU²VDNRNXQLJDVLUYDåLXRMDWROLDX
9LVDGRVEÌVLXJHUDVYLVDGRVPO¡VLX'LHYXO³´²PDQDXVDXYLHQDV,UWHLSPDQJHUD
WDUWXPVSDUQDLDXJD9LVXVSULQGåLXXåDXJ
VLUOLQNVPDVHLQXQDPR
²-RQLXNWDYRNULNãWRPRþLDQXPLU¡²HLPHSDVLPHOVWвVDNRPDQNLWNDUW
OLÌGQXMDXVPLQJXEDOVXPRWQD
7ORPSULHLQXSULHMRVPDWDXNDGMLQXOLÌGXVLUPDQQHOLQNVPD-LDSYHONDPDQH
EDOWDLVPDUãNLQLDLVDQWYLUãDXVåLSRQ¡OLX²SDWLWHLSSDWãYDULDLDSVLWDLVLXV²LUYHGDVLPDQH
XåUDQNRV'DEDUSDVNULNãWRPRþLUDQGDPHYLVDLNLWDLS²¡MXVLYLGXQPRWQDWXRMDXVSULH
SDþLÐGXUÐDWVLNODXSLDåHJQRMDVLLUPHOGåLDV,UDãWXSLXRVãDOMRVWHLSSDWEDQGDXåHJQRWLHV
EHWDNVWXRMDXSUDGHGDODNVWWLSRJUþLLUVXQXVLVWHE¡MLPXåLÌU¡WL0DWDXDQWVXROÐ
VXROHOLÐLUDQWORYÐSLOQDSULV¡GXVLÐYUÐPRWHUÐLUYDLNÐYLVLãYDULDLãYHQW¡VUÌEDLVDSVLWDLV

9LGXUVWRYLWDUVLSDWDLVWDDXNãWDORYDDQWMRVNDåLQNDVEDOWDLDSWDLVWDVJXOLRLãDELHMÐ
SXVLÐåLEDåYDN¡V
0RWQDSDLPDPDQHDQWUDQNÐSULQHãDSULHJXOLQþLRVLUDWLGHQJLDQXRYHLGREDOW
VNDU
²0DWDLWDYRNULNãWRPRþLD²VDNRPDQPRWQD
äLÌULXJXOLLãEDOXVLXYHLGXQHNUXWD
²0LHJD²NODXVLXPRWQ
²0LHJDYDLNHOLEHWMDXQHEHDWVLNHOV
²7DLWDLSLUJXO¡V²NODXVLXY¡O
²7DLSLUJXO¡VQXYHãDQWNDSÐSDNDVSRåHPH²LUQHEHPDWVLPHGDXJLDX
1RUVQHVXSUDQWXNWDVUHLãNLDEHWPDQGDURVEDXJXLUJUHLWDLDSNDELQXPRWQRV
NDNO-LHLQDVXPDQLPSULHORYRVV¡GDVLDQWMRVLUPDQHãDOVDY
VVRGLQD8åXVWDORÌPDL
SUDGHGDJLHGRWLYLVLJUþLRMHVXVLULQNXVLHMLSULWDULDLUSODXNLDJUDXGXVPDORQXVJLHVP¡V
JDLGDV7ORPV¡GåLXSULVLJODXG
VSULHPRWQRVåLÌULXLUNODXVDXVNODXVDXV

Pakeleivingi
3DWLYDVDURVSUDGåLD'LHQDJUDåLãLOWD-DXJHUDLSRSLHWÐ
0LãNHSRHJOHSULHSDþLDPNHOLXLJXOLGXHNVVWXGHQWX$QWDQDVLU3HWUDV,ãWROLHLQD
MLHGXS¡VþLXQXYDUJXVLXLOVLVGDEDUSRLOJRVNHOLRQ¡V$QWDQDVMDXVPLQJXEDOVXVNDLWRVDYR
GUDXJXLSLUPRVLRVVDYRDSVDNRVSUDGåL6NDLWRMLVDSLHWNDLSYLHQDVVWXGHQWDVEHWLHVÐLã
XQLYHUVLWHWRLãYWDVWUDQNRVLãYLHQRVYLHWRVNLWRQ%HVLWUDQNGDPDV³VLPOLEHWWDPHLO¡M³WLN
NDQNLQD QHV EÌGDPDV DQRW åPRQLÐ SDVDNPR WDUVL NRNLXR YDONDWXPL QHEHVLWLN¡GDPDV
SDEDLJWLPRNVORLUQHWXU¡GDPDVMRNLRVYLHWRVQXRVDYLROL]GRQHJDOLDSVLYHVWL1HJDQDWRG¡O
WRVSDþLRVSULHåDVWLHVMRPOLPRVLRVQDPLãNLDLVWHQJLDVLM³QXRMRVDWVWXPWLMLVWMDXþLDLU
mato, — ir dar labiau kremtasi...
3UDG¡M
VSDVDNRWLDSLHWNDLSQHODLPLQJDVMDXQLNDLWLVSUDGHGDDQWJDORDEHMRWLLUQRUV
VXVNDXVPXãLUGMHåDGDWRVPHLO¡VLãVLåDG¡WLLãUDXWLMLãVDYRNUÌWLQ¡V$QWDQDVQXWODLU
GHGDVDYRUDQNUDãW³NHãHQ¡Q
²1DNDLSJLWDXSDWLQND²NODXVLDMLV3HWURNXULVSDU¡P
VDELHPUDQNRPVDYR
VPDNUYLVODLNåLÌU¡MR³M³LUNODXV¡V
²$UåLQDLLUYLVDLQHEORJDL²JLULD3HWUDV²7LNNRNVJLEXVJDODV
²1HåLQDXNRNLRVDSOLQNE¡VEXV²VDNRDWVLGXVGDPDV$QWDQDVLUWRNLXREDOVX
NDGOHQJYLDLJDOLPDVXSUDVWLMRJWRMHDSVDNRMHDSLHM³SDW³NDOEDPD
Abudu ilgai tyli...
²$UQHåLQDLNLHQRãLWDVPLãNDV²NODXVLD$QWDQDV
²5RGRV.QÐJUDSR²DWVDNR3HWUDV
²3XLNXVPLãNDV²DWVLGÌVWD$QWDQDV²$ãåLQDLQHDSVDNRPDLPOLXPLãN7DUS
PLãNÐHVXJLP
VLUXåDXJ
V/DNVWDLEÌGDYRSRMXRVXRJDXMLULHãXWDXML²WLNVNDPEDLUÌåLD
DSOLQNXLQXRGDLQDYLPÐLUãÌNDYLPÐ1LHNDVWDY
VQHYDUåR*HUDEÌGDYRVPDJX2GDEDU
WUDQNDLV åPRJXV SDWV QHåLQDL NRNLR JDOR VXODXNVL .DG QRUV OL]GHO³ NRN³ WXU¡WXP QRUV
QHGLGHO³RGDEDU²QHWXULQ¡NXUSULVLJODXVWL8åHLQDNDUWDLVWRNVEMDXUXVÌSDVNDGYLVDVDYR
SDWD SDYGåLX WLHPV NXULH QRUV PDå åHP¡V VNOSHO³ WXUL åLQDX NDG LU MLHPV JYHQLPDV
QHVDOGXVODELDXVLDLPDåDåHPLDPVEHWYLVWLNVDYROL]GWXULâLWDLLUGDEDU HLQDYD SDV W
GYDUSRQ³ YLHã¡Wд R MXN WHLVE
 SDVDNLXV HLQDYD VYHWLPRV GXRQRV YDOJWÐ QHV NLWXU
QHWXULYDNXUG¡WLHV
² 1D WX EURODX SHUGHGL ² VDNR 3HWUDV ² 7DV GYDUSRQLV JHUDV åPRJXV WLNUDV
lietuvis.
²$UJLDãVDNDXNDGMLVEORJDV²WHLVLQDV$QWDQDV²*DOEÌWMLVãLPWNDUWÐXå
PDQHJHUHVQLV%HWMXNHLQDYDPXGXSDVM³QHYLHQG¡OWRNDGMLVJHUDVåPRJXVEHWJDOEÌW
ODELDXVLDL G¡O WR NDG MLV ãLDQGLHQ JDOL PXV SDYDLãLQWL SDYDOJGLQWL MHLJX EÌWÐ NRNV
QXVNXUG¡OLVJDOEÌWLUQHLWXYDSDVM³7DVEMDXUX7DXWDWQRUVSDå³VWDPDVMLVRDãMXNM³Lã
YLVRWLNNDUWWHPDþLDX*DOEÌWYLVDLQHPDORQXVEÌVLXVYHþLDV
— Et, niekus plepi, tik dejuoti moki, — atkerta nekantriai Petras, atsikeldamas iš po
HJO¡V²(LNLYDJHULDXQHVMDXYDNDUDVDUWLRGDUNRNLHSHQNLYDUVWDLEXVHLWLäLÌU¡NNDLS
PXGXSULLPVLUSDYDLã³VNDGQXHLVLYD²NRNLVDYDLW
LUGDXJLDXSUDODLNV
²7DLJHUDLVDNDLSHQ¡V²NODXVLDMDXOLQNVPHVQLXEDOVX$QWDQDV
².DOE¡WQHUHLNLD²SDWVSDPDWVL
² 6HQLDL EURODX åPRQLãNDL EHYDOJ¡YD 6WXGHQWDXGDPX MXN WRNLXRV SLHWXV
JDXGDYRYD NDG YLGXULXRVH DPåLQDL UHYROLXFLMD JULDXG¡ $WPHQL NDLS DEXGX LãUDXGXVLX
WXU¡GDYRYD E¡JWL Lã YLHãRV VNDLWNORV QHQRU¡GDPX VNDUGåLDLV VDYR YLGXULÐ PXUP¡MLPDLV
åPRQLÐLãEDLGWL
²$WPHQXNXUQHDWP³VL²MXRNLDVL3HWUDV
²7DLJLRMXNVYDMRMDYDVDYRWDXWRVUDãWRMDLVWDSWLMRVOLWHUDWÌUOLJSDþLÐGHEHVÐ
iškelti?!
² 2 NRG¡O PXGX QHJDOLYD UDãWRMDLV WDSWL ² WYLUWX EDOVX DWãDXQD 3HWUDV ²
1HVLMXRN JDOEÌW NDGD QRUV VHQDWY¡MH PDORQX EXV DWVLPLQWL NDG ãLWDL WDPH PLãNH SR HJOH
SLUPMVDYRDSVDNVNDLWHL
² 'DU åLÌU¡N NR JHUR LU PXGYLHP SDPLQNOXV NDGD QRUV SDVWDWV 9LOQLXMH ãDO
0XUDYMRYR²WþLRMDVL$QWDQDV
²(VXWDYLPJHULDXQHNDOE¡WL²VXSNVWD3HWUDV
²1HNDOE¡N
$EXGXQXWOD7OXLUDSOLQNXLWLNJLUGLVNHOHLYLÐåLQJVQLDLLUJUHLWDVMÐDOVDYLPDV%HW
ãLWDL $QWDQDV DWVLNRVWL LU DXNãWX MDXVPLQJX EDOVX XåGDLQXRMD 6XGLHY /LHWXYD´ 3HWUDV
SULWDULDLUSODXNLDSHUPLãNJULDXGLQJDVGDLQRVJDLGDV9LVDVPLãNDVDWJMDWDUVLLUMLVWRV
GDLQRVVNDXVPXVDWMDXþLDLUVDYRDLGXMLHPVSULWDULD
²*DOUDVLXYDUJXVQHODLPHVE¡GDV´²GHMXRMDLUVNXQGåLDVL$QWDQREDOVDV²
JDOQHEUDVLX´6XSDVNXWLQLDLVåRGåLDLVEDOVDVLãNLOVWDDQNãWDLDXNãWDLLUYHUNGDPDVVWDLJD
NDLSUDNHWDWUÌNVWDVXGHMXRMDPLãNRDLGDVLUWDLSSDWVWDLJDSDVLQHULDMRWDPVXPRMH9LVDNDV
Y¡OQXWOD
3DVLEDLJLDPLãNDVLUDWVLYHULDSODWÌVåDOLXRMDQWLHMLODXNDLýLDSDWQHODEDLWROLPDWRVL
dvaras.
²âLWDLLUPÌVÐNHOLRQ¡VJDODV²VDNRURGGDPDVGYDU3HWUDV
Ciurichas, 1905.II.18
Nemunu
9LHQRGDL LU QXRERGåLDL þLXNV¡GDPDV SODXNLD SULHã YDQGHQ³ QHGLGHOLV JDUODLYLV -R
SLUPDJDOLV YDUR XS¡V SDYLUãLX JLOL YDJ EHW JDUODLYLR XåSDNDOMH WRV YDJRV NUDQWDL Y¡O
VXVLYHUþLD NUÌYRQ VXVLGDXåLD VDYR YLUãÌQ¡PLV NXULRV DWãRNGDPRV SDYLUVWD³ QHVXVNDLWRP
GDXJE
 QHGLGHOLÐ NUXWDQþLÐ EDQJÐ WRV EDQJRV MXGD NDLS JYRV SOHþLDVL³ DEL ãDOL OHNLD
SDVNXL YLHQD NLW VNXELQGDPRV SULH WROLPÐMÐ XS¡V NUDQWÐ LU NDLS SXLNLDXVLDV VDYR UDãWDLV
DXGHNODVEOL]JDLUWYLVNDDQWVDXO¡V³YDLULDXVLRPLVVDYRVSDOYRPLV2SODWXVJDOLQJDV1HPXQDV
URPLDLLULãNLOPLQJDLSODXNLDYDNDUÐãDOLQWDUVLYLVDLQHMDXVGDPDVDQWVDYRNUÌWLQ¡VåPRJDXV
UDQNÐGDUER
1XR LOJRV NHOLRQ¡V QXYDUJ
V QXR QHPLHJRMLPR DSVLEODXV
V VWRYLX DQW JDUODLYLR LU
åLÌULXDSOLQNXL7LHVLDLPDQRNDNWRQSXþLDYDVDURVUWVY¡MDVWDUVLPDORQLDLJORVWGDPDV
GUDLNRJDOYRVSODXNXVLUVDYRNY¡SDYLPXJDLYLQDSDLOVXVLPDQRGYDVL9LHQRGDVJDUODLYLR
þLXNV¡MLPDVOLÌOLXRMDSULHPLHJREHWSODWXV1HPXQDVLU³YDLUXVMRNUDQWÐJUDåXPDVWUDXNWH
WUDXNLDSULHVDY
VPDQRDNLVLUãLUG³äLÌULXLUQHJDOLXDWVLåLÌU¡WL7DXS¡NXULYLQJLXRGDPRV
EHJDORDQWNLHNYLHQRåLQJVQLRPDLQRVDYRSDYLGDOWLHMRVDXNãWLåDOLXRMDQWLHMLPLãNDLVLU
SLHYRPLVNUDQWDL²WDWQHNDOHLGRVNRSDVEHWJYDSULJLPWLVQHDSVDNRPDLXåDQJUDåHVQ¡
âLWDLDQWNDOQRLãXåPLãNÐSDVLURGRYDUSLQþLRVYLUãÌQ¡SDVNXL²UDXVYDVEDåQþLRV
VWRJDVDQWJDORVWDLJDLãOHQGDYLVDVPLHVWHOLVVXLãP¡WWDLVNORQLXLUSDNDOQ¡PLVSLONDLVLU
PDUJDLV QDPHOLDLV %DåQþLD EDOWXRMD DQW SDþLRV DXNãþLDXVLRV YLHWRV WDUVL YLVD LU YLVXV
ODLNGDPDSRVDYRNRMвQHWLNVDYRGYDVLDLãVLNHOGDPDDXNãþLDXåPRQLÐJDOYÐLUPLQþLÐ
EHWLUSDþLXVDYRSDYLGDOX²DQNãþLDXQXVNXUGXVLÐMÐJUþHOLÐ
².LHQRWDVPLHVWHOLVNDLSMLVYDGLQDV²DWHLQDPDQJDOYRQPLQWLVLULOJDLGDU³M³
åLÌULX MDX SDOLNXV³ XåSDNDOMH YDNDUXRVH LU WLN Lã WROR GDU PDUJXOLXRMDQW³ VDYR QDPHOLÐ
YLUãÌQ¡PLV
7DLY¡OLãOHQGDLã WDUS PLãNR GYDUDV DU VHQDV DSJULXY
V MDX ERNãWDV VDYR GDQWXRWD
YLUãÌQHSULPHQVYLGXULQLÐDPåLÐWYLUWRY
²LOJDLVWRYLDQWDXNãWRXS¡VNUDQWRLUDQWJDOR
nyksta tolumoj...
,UY¡ONLOVWDPLQWLVNDPãLVERNãWDVSDVWDWWDVDUMLVJQ¡åPRQLÐODLVY
DUGDUODELDX
MXRVYHUJ¡'DEDUMLVVWRYLGDLOXVNDLSSDVDNDEHW MR SUDHLWMH JDO LU ODEDL QHODLPLQJRV LU
baisios paslaptys guli...
,UQXRãLWÐGYDUÐLUERNãWÐNXULHPDLQRVLSDVNXLYLHQDVNLWXåNLWDVNLWSXLNHVQLLU
³YDLUHVQL DWNUHLSLX OLÌGQDV VDYR DNLV³ åDOLXRMDQþLDV SLHYDV LU ODXNXV³ LãP¡WWXV 1HPXQR
SDNUDQþLDLVVRGåLXVNXULH²LãYLGXULRXS¡V³MXRVåLÌULQW²WDUSãLWÐWDLSJUDåLÐSULJLPWLHV
SDYHLNVOÐ GDU ODELDX SULVO¡JWDLV QXVNXUGXVLDLV LU WRNLDLV QHODLPLQJDLV SLONDLV LU PDåXþLDLV
LãVLURGR %HW WUDXNLD MLH SULH VDY
V PDQR ãLUG³ LU PLQWLV âLWDL WDV DQW NDOQHOLR VRGåLXV WHLS
SULPHQDPDQPDQRW¡YLãN
-XNLUþLDWLHSDWVåPRQ¡VVXMÐUÌSHVQLDLVYDUJDLVLUSDSURþLDLV
JYHQDãLWDLWRNLDSDWEDQGDSRNUÌPXVODQGRSDXSLDLVU¡NDXMDWRNLHSDWåVÐSXONDLNRNLXRV
LU Dã NDGDLVH âYHQWRVLRV SDNUDQþLDLV JDQGDYDX ,U VNUDLGR PLQWV SR ãLXRV NORQLXV
åDOLXRMDQþLXVSRãLXRVNDOQHOLQVPDUJXOLXRMDQþLXVWDLãHQWDLWHQDSVLVWRGDPRVOHSLQGDPRV
SULJLPWLHVJUDåXPDLVMDXVPXVLUãLUG³.DLSNDUãWDLãSDþLRVJLOXPRVNLOVWDQWLPDOGDUDPLQD
SULJLPWLVGYDVL%HWNDUWXLUOLÌGQDGDURVLMXNDãJYHQLPRVOJRPLVMDXSXVLDXDWVNLUWDV
QXRWÐVRGLHþLÐWDUVLLãPHVWDVLãMÐWDUSRDã²LQWHOLJHQWDV,USDVLGDURWDLSJDLOXNDåLQNR
WRNLREUDQJDXV²WRVSUDHLWLHVNXULGDUWHEHVWRYLPDQRRPHQMHWDLSJUDåLNDLSSDGDLOLQWD
SDVDNDLUNXULMDXQLHNDGRVGDXJLDXVQHEHVXJU³ãQHEHDWVLNDUWRV,UY¡ODWNUHLSLXVDYRDNLV³
SODWÐJDOLQJ1HPXQWDUVLQXRMRODXNGDPDVãLUGLHVVNDXVPÐQXWLOGPR%HWNDVMDPVLOSQR
åPRJDXV PLQWV DU QXOLÌGLPDV 6XQNLÐ JDUODLYLÐ LU LOJRV HLOLRV VLHOLÐ NXULXRV QHãD VDYR
YDQGHQÐSDYLUãLXLUWDWDQWVDY
VQHMDXþLDâDOWDVLUJUDåXVSODXNLDMLVURPLDL³MÌULUQLHNR
GDXJLDXVQHQRULåLQRWL%HWDãåLÌULX³M³åLÌULX
âLWDLSULHãDLVPÌVÐDWHLQDVLHOLDLJDUODLYLVJUHLWDLVXMDLVVXVLOJLQD(LQDMLHWDLSLã
SDOHQJYRNDGWLNWLNJDOLPDWDWSDVHUJ¡WL-ÐYLGXUMHVWRYLSDGLUEGLQWRVLããLDXGÐEÌGHO¡V
QHWROLMÐOLHSVQRMDPDåRVVXNXUWRVXJQHO¡VDQWMÐNDEDNDWLO¡OLDL$QWDELHMÐJDOÐVLHOLÐVWRYL
SR YLHQ DU GX YUX 1XVLWY¡U
 DELHP UDQNRP LOJÐ LUNOÐ XåJXOD DQW MÐ YLVX VDYR NÌQX
DWVLPHWDSULHãDNLQLUSDVNXLVLHQRMÐDWVLVSU
NUÌWLQHVLãWHPS
LUDWVLORã
VXQNLDLVXQNLDLMLH
LULDVL/JQHQRURPLVVLHOLÐSULHãDNVLãSDOHQJYRVXNDVLQXRJDUODLYLRXS¡VYLGXULQ²LU
VLHOLDL YDQGHQLR QHãDPL VOHQNVWD SUR ãDO³ 2 YUDL LULDVL LU LULDVL ,U WDLS LãWLVDV GLHQDV
QDNYRGDPLDQWãDOþLRLUOLHWDXVãLOGGDPLHVWLNSULHVDYRPDåÐXJQHOLÐLUNDWLO¡OLÐ2JDOEÌW
ODEDL Lã WROL âYHQWMD LU 1HULX DWYDU¡ MLH WXRV VLHOLXV 1HPXQDQ JDOEÌW WDW PDQR PDWWL DU
SDå³VWDPLåPRQ¡VDUEDQHWNDLPQDLNXULXRVMDXVHQLDLDSOHLGDXEHWNXULÐDWVLPLQLPDVGDU
WHEHJYHQDPDQRPLQWVH,UDWLGåLDLSUDGHGXåLÌU¡WL³DXNãWQXRVDXO¡VSDMXRGDYXV³åPRJÐ
NXULVVXVWRMDLUWLHVåLÌUL³JDUODLY³LUNDUWXURGRVLVWHELDV³PDQH1HåLQDXNRG¡OPDQDWHLQD
PLQWLVNDGWDWWXULEÌWLNDPSLQLQNDV9LOGåLÌQDVNXULVJDOHPÌVÐVRGåLDXVVXGLGHOHãHLPQD
JYHQD.DLSWLNMRVRYODDXNãWDLUWYLUWDNDLSWLNWRNLHSDWJHOVYLSODXNDLLUÌVDLLUDQWSHþLÐ
NDLSWLNWRNVSDWSLONDVDSGULVN
VþHUND]¡OLVNXU³MLVYLVDGRVQHãLRGDYR1RULXVXULNWLMDP
NDG PDQH SDPDWWÐ LU SDåLQWÐ EHW VLHOLDL MDX OLHND WROL JDUODLYLR XåSDNDOMH LU WLN VS¡MX
PRVWHO¡WLMDPUDQNDQRUVMLVWRQHSDVWHELQHVY¡OYLVDVLãVLWHPS
VVXQNLDLLULDVL
3DVLURGRDQWDXNãWRNDOQRPLHVWHOLVLUJDUODLYLVDSVLVWRMD6XHLQDQDXMLåPRQ¡VEÌUV
GDUELQLQNÐVXSMÌNODLVLUNLUYLDLVNHOHWDVPHUJLQÐLUPRWHUÐLUVHQDVåGHOLVNUHSãLXREXROLÐ
QHãLQDVDQWSDWJDORDWHLQDPX]LNDQWDL´YLHQDVDNODVVXVPXLNDNLWDVVXDUPRQLNDRWUHþLDV
²NRNLRVGHãLPWLHVPHWÐEHUQLXNDV²VXEÌELQX6DYRYHLGDLVWDLSYLHQDVNLWSULPHQDNDG
OHQJYDDWVS¡WLMRJYLVLWUVWLNULEUROLDL
*DUODLYLV HLQD WROLDX 9LVL ODXNLD PX]LNRV´ âLWDL DNODVLV SDLPD VPXLN LU SUDGHGD
P¡JLQWL LU WDLVWL VWJDV SDNHOWDV MR YHLGDV WDUVL EH MRNLR LãVLUHLãNLPR EHW DXVLV DWLGåLDL
NODXVRV$QWJDORSUDGHGDJULHåWL²þSLDLUU¡NLDDUPRQLNDVGXGHQDLUþHUãNDEÌELQDV$EX
YUHVQLXRMX LãVLURGR WRNLDLV QXYDUJXVLDLV WDLS QHQRURPV SLOGDQþLDLV VDYR SULHGHUP
 WLN
PDåLXNDV EH SHUVWRJ¡V PXãGDPDV NÌOHOH PDWDUXRMD NRMRPLV NUDLSR JDOYHO
 LU GDLURVL
DSOLQNQL6WDLJDYLVDPX]LND´GDUODELDXVXULQND³YDLULDLVEDOVDLVLUEUROLDLSUDGHGDGDLQXRWL
UXVLãNDL WDW NDåLQ NRNLD NDUHLYLÐ GDLQD EH MDXVPÐ LU SUDVP¡V GDLQRV åRGåLXV WDLS
QHåPRQLãNDL WDULD LU NUDLSR NDG VXQNX VXSUDVWL ² PDWW GDLQXRMD M WLN G¡O SLQLJÐ
WLN¡GDPLHVXåMGDXJLDXVXULQNVL7SDEDLJ
LPDNLWGDUQHWLNHVQ
$QWJDORPDåHVQVLV
DWVLVWRMD QXVLWUDXNLD QXR JDOYRV NHSXUDLW
 LU QHãLQDV MD UDQNRMH HLQD DSOLQNXL ULQNGDPDV
VNDWLNXV%HWVNXUGåLDLWLHVNDWLNDL³NHSXUDLW
SODXNLD
² %HUQLXN EHUQLXN ² JLUGåLX XåSDNDOMH SDå³VWDPRV VWXGHQW¡V EDOV ²
3DGDLQXRNLWJHULDXNQRUVOLHWXYLãNDL²GDXJLDXVXULQNVLWH
$WVLJU³åDXEHUQLXNDVVWRYLVXDWNLãWDNHSXUDLWHSULHãDLVPHUJLQåLÌUL³MLãSO¡VWRPLV
VDYRDNHO¡PLVLUQHåLQRGDPDVNDWVDNWLWOLLãUDXG
VWDUVLVWHE¡GDPRVLãMRVNDOERVLUWRNLR
QHSDSUDVWR SUDãPR 1HåLQRGDPDV N GDUWL HLQD SDV VDYR EUROLXV LU SDVDNRMD MLHPV DSLH
QDXMXåPDQP7LHGXNDOEDVLWDUSVDY
VLUVLXQþLDPDåM³SDVPHUJLQ
²2NWDPVWDLSDGDLQXRWL²NODXVLDPDåDVPX]LNDQWDV²$UDSLHPRQRSRO³´
² 9LV WLHN N EHW WLN OLHWXYLãNDL ² DWVDNR PHUJLQD LãUDXGXVL QHV YLVL DSOLQNXL
SUDGHGD³MåLÌU¡WL
0DåLXNDV VXJU³åWD SDV EUROLXV LU YLVL WUV SUDGHGD GDLQXRWL DSLH PRQRSRO³´ 7DW
SDSUDVWD QDXMRVLRV IRUPDFLMRV GDLQXãND´ EH GDLORV LU JLOLÐ MDXVPÐ NXULRMH MRV DXWRULXV
LãG¡VWRVDYRSHUVLWLNLQLPLUOHQJYVRGLHþLÐWLN¡MLP³PRQRSROLR´JHUDG¡MVWHVJLULDM³NRO
GDUåLQRPDQHPDWRNDGWDVPRQRSROLV´WLNQDXMDåPRQ¡PVVXQNHQE¡%HWNXRQHYLVLWRV
GDLQXãNRV NODXVRV PDWWL GDXJHOLV Lã ãLWÐ VDXOH DSGHJXVLÐ LU QXR GDUER SDMXRGDYXVLÐ
VRGLHþLÐLUSUDVWDLDSVLWDLVLXVLÐPRWHUÐUDNDLSWLNWDLVåPRQ¡PLVNXULHVDYRUÌSHVQLXRVHLU
YDUJXRVHSDVNHQG
JYHQLPHWYHULDVLNLHNYLHQRYLHãDXVDSVLUHLãNLPRNDLSNRNLRãYLHVRVDU
ODLP¡VVSLQGXOLRNXULHJDOLWLN¡WLNDGNRNVWHQDLPRQRSROLV¶MÐYDUJÐQDãWVXPDå³V²LU
WRG¡O WDLS DWLGåLDL NODXVRVL GDLQXãNRV NXULRMH WDV MÐ QH³YNGLQWDV WLN¡MLPDV LU VXåXYXVLRML
YLOWLVDSVLUHLãNLD,UNDGDSDVLEDLJLDGDLQXãNDLUEHUQLXNDVY¡OSUDGHGDYDLNãWLQ¡WLDSOLQNXL
OHQJYDLJDOLPDSDVWHE¡WLNDLS³MRSDODLN
NHSXUDLW
NULQWDMDXGDXJJDXVHVQLVNDWLN¡OLDLLUQHW
VLGDEULQLDLSLQLJDL0DWDXNDLSQXRVXULQNWÐMÐSLQLJÐPX]LNDQWдYHLGDLQHWLNSUDãYLW
EHW
LUQXVWHE
QHVLWLN¡WDNDGWLHNVXULQNWÐ
%HUQLXNDVY¡OSULHLQDSULHVWXGHQW¡VLUMDXGUVLXEDOVXNODXVLD
²*DOGDUNQRUVWDPVWDLSDGDLQXRWL
² *HUDL SDGDLQXRNLWH ² DWVDNR ãL OLQNVPDL ² 7LN NRNL QRUV VHQRELQ
 GDLQ
OLÌGQ
%UROLDLGDLQXRMDOLÌGQDSLHJHJXW
åDOLRMJLULRMNXNXRMDQþLYDUJHOLXVURNXRMDQþL
DSLHPHUJHO
²UÌWÐGDUåHOMHYHUNLDQþLVDYREHUQHOLR QHVXODXNLDQþL 1RUV EH ãLWRNLRV
PX]LNRV´SLHYRMWDUSPLãNÐWDGDLQDQHDSVDNRPDLJUDåLDXVNDPE¡WÐEHWLUþLDYLVLQXWLO

J¡U¡GDPLHVMRVNODXVRPHYLVLMDXþLDPHNDGMLPXPVEUDQJLPDORQLLUVXSUDQWDPD
$QW JDOR QHPDåDL ãLXR NDUWX SDVLSHOQLM
 OLQNVPL LU SDNDNLQWL YDUJDXMDQWLHML
PX]LNDQWDL´GDLQLDLQH³NY¡SLPREHWG¡OSLQLJRVXVWRMXVJDUODLYLXLLãOLSD
2PHVSODXNLDPHSODþLX1HPXQXWROLDX
-DX DUWLQDV YDNDUDV $WVLERVWD PDQ VWRYLQ¡WL WDLJL DWVLV¡GX LU SUDGHGX VQDXVWL
$WEXG
VPDWDXSULHãDLVPDQ
VV¡GLQþLMDXQPHUJLQ,ãSDåLÌURVMDLQHGDXJLDXPHWÐ
%HW SDP¡OQDY
 UDXVYL MRV SDDNLDL DNV QXYDUJXVLRV QHPDORQLDL EOL]JDQþLRV LU VNUXRVWÐ
UDXGRQXPDVPDWRPDLMDXQHSDþLRVSULJLPWLHVEHWWLN³YDLULÐWHSDOÐJUDåLQDPDVOLXGLMDNDG
ãL PHUJLQD UD QH WLN PDþLXVL YDUJXV EHW MDX SDWL SDWUXVL LU QHWLNURVLRV PHLO¡V YDLVLXV
3DVWHE¡MXVLNDG³MåLÌULXãSVRVLWDLSNDLSWDWSDSUDVWDLGDURPRWHUVGDXJMDXPDþLXVLRVLU
SHUJYHQXVLRVEHWNXULRVGDUWLNLVLSDWUDXNWLSULHVDY
VYUÐãLUGLVäLÌU¡GDPDV³MWROLDX
PDWDX NDG MRV ãSVRMLPDL ODQNR EHYHLN YLVXV DSOLQNXL V¡GLQþLXV YUXV QHDSOHQNLD Q¡
MDXQXþLRPDORQDXVYHLGRNXQLJRNXULVSDVWHE¡M
V³EHVWDV³VDYHMRVDNLVUDXVWDLUVXNDVL³
ãDO³ $SVLWDLVLXVL ML VRGLHþLÐ UÌEDLV VX EDOWD VNDUHOH DQW JDOYRV EH DEHMRQ¡V WDW VRGåLDXV
PHUJDLW¡QHODLPLQJDLVJYHQLPRLUåPRQLÐVDQWNLDLVLãPHVWDLãMÐWDUSRLUGDEDUVN
VWDQWL
purvuose.
.XUMRVJLPWLQ¡YLHWDNDVWRNLHMRVW¡YDLNRNLDMRVSUDHLWLV´²HLQDSHUJDOYPDQ
PLQWVEHWWRNLRVãDOWRVEHMDXVPRNDGPDQHSDW³LPDãLXUSDV
1RU¡WÐVLSUDNDOELQWLMSDNODXVWLDSLHWYLVDEHWDSOLQNXLåPRQ¡VQ¡UDWLHNGUVRV
$QW JDOR åLQDX NDG VXWLNWÐ PDQH WLN QXVLãSVRMLPDLV âLWDL LãVLLPD ML Lã EDOWRV VNDUHO¡V
REXROLÐLUYDOJRSDVNXLGXRGDGXREXROLXDUWLVWRYLQþLDPNDUHLYLXLNLWXGX²V¡GLQþLDLþLD
SDWPRWHULãNHL.DUHLYLVDWLGHGDMXRV³ãDO³RPRWHULãN¡DWVLVXND³1HPXQLUYLVDLQHWLN¡WDL
PHWDXS¡Q
².DPWDPVWDQXPHWHLYDQGHQLQREXROLXV²NODXVLDPRWHULãN¡VVWXGHQW¡
² 1HQRULX QXR MRV REXROLÐ SULLPWL ² WDW SDOHLVWXY¡ LU XåVLNU¡WXVL ² DWVDNR
SDãQLEåGRPVPRWHULãN¡EHWWRNLXREDOVXNDGYLVLDSOLQNXLWJLUGL
,ãNXUMLWåLQR´²PVWDXåLÌU¡GDPDVWDL³YLHQWDL³DQWU0RWHULãN¡VDNVåLED
SLNWX GåLDXJVPX WDUVL ML ODLPLQJD WXR NDG YLHãDL JDOL QXåHPLQWL LU DSNDOWLQWL PHUJLQ 2
mergina išrausta kiek, bet šypsosi, kaip ir pirma.
0DQ GDURVL QHVPDJX LU QHW EDXJX 7DUVL QXR EDLVLDXVLR åPRJDXV QRULVL QXR WRV
PHUJLQRV SUDVLãDOLQWL EÌWL WROLDX QHSULVLOLHVWL WHQDL NXU ML V¡G¡MR DU WXU¡MR VDYR UDQNDV
SDG¡MXV -DXþLX NDG WRNLRV PLQWV QH SDV PDQH YLHQ EHW LU SDV NLWXV /DXNLX NDG WLN
JUHLþLDXSDVLURGWÐ.DXQDVNDGWLNJUHLþLDXLãWRJDUODLYLRJDO¡þLDXLãOLSWL1XGåLXQJXNDGD
WDPVXPRMHSDVLURGR$OHNVRWRVLU.DXQRåLEXULDL
$QW JDOR JDUODLYLV SULSODXN
V SULH XRVWR VXVWRMD 9LVL SUDGHGD OLSWL ,QVWLQNWR
YHGDPDVQXWYHULXVWXGHQW
XåUDQNRVLULãN¡W
VDNLVåLÌULX³WQHODLPLQJSDOHLVWXY
´WDUVL
QRU¡GDPDV LU VDYH LU VDYR SDå³VWDP QXR DQRV DSJLQWL OLSDQW Lã JDUODLYLR MRV QHSULVLOLHVWL
QHVXVLWHSWL´.DLSNRNVDNPXRQXRNUÌWLQ¡VQXVOLQNVWDNDGDSDVLMXQWXDQWJDWY¡V
0DWDX NDLS VNHUVLQ¡V JDWY¡V WDPVXPRMH PHUJLQD SUDQNVWD LU HLQX VDYR NHOLX
1HJDOLXLUQHGU³VWXHLWLSDVNXLMSDåLÌU¡WLNXULUNDLSMLQDNYRVSDVNLUNDLSMLþLD.DXQH
JYHQDNGLUEDLUNRNLDEDLVLEHSDVLJDLO¡MLPRJDOLDMSULHWRNLRJYHQLPRSULYHUW¡$QW
JDORDUEÌWÐLãWRNRNLDQDXGD
Ciurichas, 1905.IV.2
Vagis
-DXQDVGDUWDGDWHEHEXYDXQHYHG
VLUVWLSUDV²NLWRWRNLRYLVDPVRGåLXMHQHEXYR
1LHNR QHELMRMDX YLVL PDQ
V OHQN¡V -HLJX NDV NR QH³YHLNGDYR DU GDUEH DU VXVLU¡PLPXRVH
YLVDGRV VDNGDYR UHLNLD -RNÌEDV SDNYLHVWL EH MR QLHNDL $WHLGDYDX GLGåLDXVLXV VLHQRMXV³
UDWXV ³NHOGDYDX NHOPXV Lã åHP¡V LãUDXGDYDX YLHQX UDQNRV PRVWHO¡MLPX PXãWQHV
VXWÌU¡GDYDX 'DEDU LU SXV¡V PDQ
V QHEHOLNR 2 NDLS P¡JGDYDX SDVLOLQNVPLQLPXV
$SOHQN¡MH Q¡ YLHQRV YHVWXY¡V DU YDNDUXãNRV EH PDQ
V QHDSVHLGDYR YLVXU EÌGDYDX YLVXU
PDQ
VYLHQREXYRSLOQDLUYLVLHPVSDWLNDX%HWQ¡YLHQRQHQXVNULDXVGDYDXQHVXGXRGDYDX
%XYDXSDVW¡YXVYLHQDWÌULXYLVDVDYRUDQNRVHWXU¡MDX²LUÌNLVJHUDLPDQNORMRV7¡YDLMDX
VHQLDLYLVOLHS¡PDQYHVWLHVEHWDãLUSDWVQHODEDLGDUWRQRU¡MDXLUPHUJLQRVQHEXYDXVDX
DSVLULQN
V6DNLDXSDVS¡VLX²LUWDLSQHQXRERGXDQWVYLHWRJYHQWL%HWSHUYLHQXVDWODLGXV
SDPDþLDX EDåQþLRM PHUJLQ 1HJDO¡MDX DNLÐ QXR MRV DWLWUDXNWL WDLS VWDLJD ML PDQR ãLUG³
WUDXNWHSULWUDXN¡
— Na, — maniau sau, — nejaugi ji tat bus mano pati!
-DXþLDXNDLSãRNLQ¡MDãLUGLVNUÌWLQ¡MHNDLVWDNUDXMDV
².DVMLWRNLDUD²NLORPDQRJDOYRMNODXVLPDL²$ULãWRORNRNLÐW¡YÐNDLS
gyvena?..
1XWDULDX EÌWLQDL VX MD LU VX MRV W¡YDLV VXVLSDåLQWL 3UDG¡MDX NODXVLQ¡WL åPRQLÐ LU
SDWULDXNDGWDWSDVLWXULQþLÐLUJHUÐW¡YÐGXNW¡JHUELDPDDSOHQN¡MH6XVLSDåLQDXSDVNXLLU
VXMDPDþLDXNDGLUMLQXRPDQ
VQHVLãDOLQD/DLNDVJUHLWDLE¡JR1¡SDWVQHSDVLMXWDXNDLS
SR .DO¡GÐ VXUDGDX LãPLQWLQJ DSVHQ³ åPRJÐ LU QXYDåLDYDX SDV M SLUãO¡PLV 9LVL JUHLWDL
VXWLNRPSDVRJRVSULåDG¡MRQHPDåDLLUQXWDU¡PQLHNRQHODXNGDPLYHVWXYHVSDNHOWL
*DOEÌWMÌVODXNLDWHNDGDãNDåLQNSDSDVDNRVLXVDYRPOLPMMXPVDSUDãVLX1H
-ÌV M LU WDLS JHUDL åLQRWH WDW PDQR SDWL VX NXULD G¡NDYRWL 'LHYXL MDX WUHþL GHãLPW³
YLHQE¡MHLUPHLO¡MHJYHQXLUYDLNÐQHPDåDLVXVLODXNLDX²WRNLÐSDWVYHLNÐLUWYLUWÐNDLSLU
MÐW¡YDVNDGDLVHEXYR1HDSLHMDãQRULXNDOE¡WLDãQRULXMXPVSDSDVDNRWLYLHQDWVLWLNLP
NXULVJDO¡MRYLVPDQRJYHQLPVXJULDXWLRNXULVLUGDEDUODEDLGDåQDLGDUQHVPDJXPPDQR
širdyje gimdo...
7DW EXYR SR SDþLÐ PDQR SLUãOEÐ 6XJU³åDX Dã QXR MÐ QDPR OLQNVPDV SDNDNLQWDV
QHEÌWRV PLQWV WDGD SR PDQR JDOY ODNVW¡ %XYR MDX Y¡OXV åLHPRV YDNDUDV 1DPLH UDGDX
YLVXVVXJXOXVLXV,ãVLNLQNLDXVDYRNXPHO³³YHGåLDXJXUEDQXåG¡MDXãLHQRXåSOLDXYDQGHQLR
XåEDUVþLDXPLOWÐVXDYLåRPLVLUQX¡MDXVHNOþLRQJXOWÐ%HWQHJDOLXXåPLJWL1HåLQDXNRG¡O
SUDG¡MR PDQH LPWL QHULPDVWLV 7UDXNWH WUDXN¡ QXHLWL NXPHOLR SDåLÌU¡WÐ äLQRMDX JHUDL NDG
JXUEÐGXULVXåUDNLQDXNXPHO³JHOHåLQLDLVSDQþLDLVVXSDQþLRMDXEHWQH²VWXPLDNDåLQNDVLã
ORYRVLUJDQD$QWJDORQHEHLãNHQW¡MDXLããRN
VXåVLPRYLDXEDWDLVXåVLPHþLDXNDLOLQLDLVLU
Lã¡MDX
1DNWLVEXYRãYLHVL²P¡QHVLHQDLUWRNLDWODDSOLQNXLWDUVLYLVDLãPLU¡JLUG¡MDXWLN
NDLS WUDãN¡MR QXR ãDOþLR WYRURV LU WLN WLN ãODP¡MR NULVGDPDV QXR DSãHUNãQRMXVLÐ PHGåLÐ
VQLHJDV7LNYLHQRVåYDLJåG¡VOLQNVPDLPLUJ¡MRYLUãXMH%LMRGDPDVNY¡SXRWLLULãSDOHQJYR
NDGQHJLUJåG¡WÐSRNRMÐVQLHJDVSUL¡MDXSULHJXUEÐLUNXRQHVXULNDXGXUVEXYRDWLGDUWRV
3ULVLJODXGåLDX SULH VLHQRV LU NODXVDXV *LUGåLX NXPHOV SUXQNãþLD R QXR MR NRMÐ PXãD
JHOHåLQLXVSDQþLXV
²9DJLV²GLOJWHO¡MRJDOYRMHPLQWLV
9LVDVGUHE¡MDX²LULãLãJVþLRLULãGåLDXJVPRNDUWXNDGGDUSDVS¡MDXODLNXLãHLWL
QHVPO¡MDXWNXPHO³QHDSVDNRPDLâLUPDLVREXROLDLVPXãWDVULHVWXNDNOXLULOJDLVNDUþLDLV
QRUV QHGLGHOLV EHW JUHLWDV NDLS VWLUQD YLVRM DSOHQN¡M EXYR åLQRPDV 1H YLHQDV SR 
UXEOLÐVLÌOLMRQLHNDPQHDWLGDYLDXQHQRU¡MDXSDUGXRWLMHLJXLUYHVGDYDXM³DQWPXJLÐWDGWLN
SDVLJLUWÐ
²(WDWãLWDLNRG¡OWXSHUVOHQNVW³YHGDPDVMDXNHOLQWGLHQUåDLV²DWVLPLQLDX²
3DWVQDEDJDVQHODLP
MDXWHL
%HWNWXU¡MDXGDUWL3XOWLYLGXQ2JDOEÌWWHQDLQHYLHQDVUDXåPXãNDLSåYLUEO³Lã
UHYROYHULR DU QXGXUV SHLOLX NDLS SDUã /¡NWL SDVLãDXNWÐ YUÐ 2 WXR WDUSX LPV LU LãVLYHV
NXPHO³WLHNLUWHPDWVL2UDQNRVHQLHNRRQLHNRQHWXU¡MDX1DPXRVHY¡OQ¡ãDXGNO¡VQ¡
UHYROYHULRQHEXYR²YLVVDYRNXPãþLDSDVLWLN¡MDX
1¡UD NDV GDUWL JLUGåLX NDG MDX YHGDVL 3DPDþLDX þLD SDW DQW VNLHGQR GLGHO

PHGLQ
 NÌO
 DNLHV PLUNVQ SULãRNDX SULH MRV QXVLWY¡ULDX DELHP UDQNRP LU XåVLVO¡SLDX Xå
GXUÐãXOR/DXNLX2ãLUGLVURGRVLPVLULããRNVLãNUÌWLQ¡V-XQWXNDGMDXYLVDLQHEHWROL
,UãLWDLGXUVHSDVLURGRåLODEDU]GD²LãOHQGDEXUORNDV
.DLSGDYLDXNÌOHSHUJDOY²WLNåDJWHO¡MRLUSDUNULWRQHJYDVDQWåHP¡VQ¡YLHQR
åRGåLRQHSUDWDU
V
6XåYHQJ¡ OLQNVPDL NXPHOLV PDQH SDPDW
V .DLS EHSURWLV SULSXROLDX SULH MR
DSNDELQDXNDNO²LUEXþLDYDXYHUNLDX2MLVSDG¡MRPDQDQWSHþLRVDYRJDOYLUURPLDL
PDORQLDLåYHQJLD
$QWJDORDWEXGDXNDLSLãPLHJR$WVLPLQLDXNDGåPRJÐXåPXãLDXãLXUSDVPDQHYLV
SD¡P¡SODXNDLDQWJDOYRVDWVLVWRMR.XUDãM³GDEDUG¡VLXNGDUVLX
3DVLOHQNLDXDSþLXSLQ¡MDXEXUORNDWUDGDXXåDQþLRUHYROYHU³SULPXãWSHLO³SULHGLUåR
SULNDELQW 6XSUDWDX NDG QHEÌþLDX JYDV OLN
V MHLJX WLHVLDL SULHãDLV M³ EÌþLDX ¡M
V
3ULVLVWDþLDXVDXYLVQHODLP
VDYRPOLPMYHVWXYHVÌN³LUYLVJYHQLP²YLVDEÌWÐ
SUDåXY
2GDEDUãLXUSXOLDLSD¡P¡Y¡OYLVMXNSDWLUVVXåLQRVNDGDãWDWSDGDULDX²NDV
PDQHODXNLD²NDO¡MLPDVWHLVPDVRJDOEÌWNDWRUJD
âRNDXNDLSMDXWLVEL]G¡O¡V³NVWDV$SVLYLONDXSDVLNLQNLDXNXPHO³³YHUþLDXQXPLU¡O³
YDåLXQLUNDLSWLNDUNOVJDOLãRNWLSDVLOHLGåLDXYLHãNHOLXWLNGXONLDVQLHJDVLãSRYDåLDXVLU
ãYLOSLD DXVVH Y¡MDV 1XYDåLDY
V NRN³ GHãLPW³ YDUVWÐ VXVWRMDX LãYHUþLDX QXPLU¡O³ SDUDY¡Q
XåPRYLDXGDUDQWMRJDOYRVMRSDWLHVVHQDSQDVU³LUDSVLJU³å
VY¡OSDUO¡NLDXNDLSSDXNãWLV
QDPR 1XVLNLQNLDX NXPHO³ Y¡O ³OHLGåLDX JXUEDQ GXULV XåUDNLQDX LU WDUVL QLHNR QHDWVLWLNR
QX¡MDX VHNOþLRQ LU DWVLJXOLDX 1LHNDV PDQ
V QHJLUG¡MR LU QHPDW¡ Q¡ YDåLXRMDQW Q¡
SDUYDåLXRMDQW QLHNDP Q¡ YLHQX åRGåLX DSLH W DWVLWLNLP QHSUDVLWDULDX« WLN NXQLJXL SHU
LãSDåLQW³SDVLVDNLDX
$QWUWRMDXVUDGRWQXPLU¡O³SDUDY¡M6XYDåLDYRåPRQ¡VSDOLFLMDUDGRSULHODYRQR
UHYROYHU³LUSHLO³SDPDW¡DQWMRJDOYRVDSQDVU³²VXSUDWRXåNXåPXãWDVäPRQ¡VNXRQH
YLVL DWYLUDL SULSDåLQR NDG WDLS WRNLDP´ LU UHLN¡MR 2 SDOLFLMD SDNDOE¡MR SDNODXVLQ¡MR R
NDOWLQLQNRWDLSLUQHEHLHãNRMR7XRYLVDLUSDVLEDLJ¡
$SULPDXLUDãNLHN*UHLWDLSRWRDWVLWLNLPRDSVLYHGåLDXYDLNÐSDVNXLVXVLODXNLDX2
YLHQRN LOJDL WDVDL åPRJXV PDQR DNVH VWRY¡MR ² NDLS NRNV NLUPLQDV NUÌWLQ
 PDQ ¡G¡
'DåQDLSHUPLHJEDLVLDLVXULNGDYDXYLVDVãDOWXSUDNDLWXDSLSLOWDVDWEXVGDYDXLUNHOLDVGLHQDV
JDOYQXOHLG
VYDLNãþLRGDYDX,ãVLJDQGXVLSDWLSUDG¡MRNODXVLQ¡WLNDVUD,OJDLQHVDNLDXDQW
JDORSULVLSDåLQDX5DPLQRMLPDQH²URG¡VOHQJYLDXNLHNDQWNUÌWLQ¡VGDU¡VLEHWSDEXYXVLU
Y¡O SUDG¡GDYR NLUPLQDV NULPVWL ,U LãSDåLQWLQ YDLNãþLRGDYDX LU DQW EDåQþLDL GXRGDYDX
UDPLDXSRWREÌGDYR«7DLSYLVVDYRDPåLÐLãJYHQDXYLVDPHNDPHEXYDXODLPLQJDVåLOR
SODXNR VXVLODXNLDX QLHNR URGRV QHQXVNULDXGåLDX SLUãWX QHSDOW¡MDX ,U WDV WLN YLHQDV
atsitikimas ramumo neduoda...
*DOJHULDXEÌþLDXSDGDU
VMHLJXDWYLUDLYDOGåLDLEÌþLDXSULVLSDåLQ
VWHLVPRUDQNRVQD
DWVLGDY
V 1H NDUW MDX UHQJLDXV WDLS SDGDUWL %HW YLHQD WLN PLQWLV NDG JDOLX NDO¡MLPDQ
SDNOLÌWL DUED EÌWL LãVLÐVWX NDG JDOLX VDYRÌN³ SUDåXGWL VDYR SDþL LU YDLNXV QHODLPLQJDLV
SDGDUWL²YLVDGRVQXRWRåLQJVQLRPDQHVXODLNGDYR
*DOEÌWSULVLSDåLQ
VLUOLXRVDVEÌþLDXSDOLN
VJDOLUQLHNREORJDQHEÌWÐPDQSDGDU

EHWNDLSWLNDWHLGDYRJDOYRQPLQWLVNDGJDOLSULVHLWLVDYRNUDãWSDOLNWLMRQHEHSDPDWWL²
YLVDVGUHE¡MDXLUWO¡MDXäLQRMDXNDGSDNOLXY
VQHWLNSUDåÌþLDXEHWLULãWLHVÐJDOWLNUX
åPRJåXGåLXLãWHQDLLãHLþLDXQHVNDO¡MLPDLMXNQHSDWDLVRåPRQLÐWLNYLVDLMXRVSDJDGLQD2
DãMXNLHãNRMDXLULHãNDXVDYRVåLQ¡VQXUDPLQLPRRQHGDUGLGHVQLRMRVVXWHSLPR-XNDãWLN
VDYRVDYDVW³JQLDX.LWRVLãHLJRVQHWXU¡MDXMHLJXQHQRU¡MDXSDWVEÌWLXåPXãWDV7HJXOMLVLU
LãEDGRYRJ¡²YLVWLHNEÌWÐPDQHXåPXã
V
7OLXLUGDEDU1HQRULXLUELMDXVHQDWY¡VVXVLODXN
VVDYRNUDãWSDOLNWLVXãHLPQD
SHUVLVNLUWL 1HWLNLX NDG EDLVXV NDO¡MLPDV JDO¡WÐ PDQR GÌãLDL QHNDOWE
 VXJUåLQWL VåLQ

QXUDPLQWL7RNLRVåLQ¡VQXUDPLQLPRLHãNDXWLNLãSDåLQWMHPDOGRMHGDUEXRVHLUSDVVDYR
NDLPQXVNXULHPVVDYRãLUGLHVåDL]GDVDWLGHQJLX«
2YLHQRNLUGDEDUGDåQDLGDåQDLWDVSDWVNLUPLQDVPDQRãLUG³JULDXåLD,UQHåLQDXGDU
NSDVDNVPDQXåW9LVDJDOLV
Ciurichas,1905.IV.12
7LN¡MLPDV
âYHQWDGLHQLRUWDV6¡GåLXQHWROLVDYREXWRDQWVXNUDXWÐSDJDWYMHQXWDãWÐPHGåLÐ
OHLGåLDQþLÐLãVDY
VVYHLNPLãNÐNYDSNXULXRWDLSPDORQXNY¡SXRWLQXVLOSXVLDLNUÌWLQHLýLD
SDW VWDWRPL QDXML QDPDL äHPLDX SR NRMÐ PDUJXOLXRMD LXULFKDV WROLDX WYLVND QXR VDXO¡V
VSLQGXOLÐHåHUDVRXåMRGDUUÌNXDSWUDXNWLGÌNVRSDOãLVQLHJÐNDOQDLWDUVLNDåLQDSLHN
OLÌGQDLXåVLPVW
WLNGHEHVVYLUãXPMÐEOL]JDVDXO¡VDSãYLHVWL
7DLS URPX DSOLQNXL 7LN JLHGD EH SHUVWRJ¡V VRGQHOLXRVH SDYDVDULR SDXNãþLDL R Lã
DSDþLRVSUDGHGDSODXNWLDXNãWQLãNLOPLQJDVYDUSÐVNDPE¡MLPDV
$WVLU¡P
VVLHQRMÐSDVLG¡M
VVVLXYUDãDX
1XR SDYDVDULR NYDSÐ LU SDXNãþLÐ JLHGRMLPR WDLS JHUD GDURVL WDLS OHQJYD DOVXRWL
/HQJYRVNDLSSÌNDVODNLRMDPLQWVNLOVWDJDOYRMHWROLPRVLRVW¡YQ¡VSDYHLNVODL.DVGDEDU
WHQDLGHGDVL.RNLHQDXMLYDUJDLVOHJLDåPRQHVDUNDVJDLYLQDMÐYLOWLV
%HWQXRWÐPLQþLÐEUDQJLÐWROLPÐMÐLãEXGLQDPDQHãYHLFDU¡PHUJDLW¡,ãSDOHQJYRLU
QHGUVLDLSULVLDUWLQDMLSULHPDQ
VLUNLãGDPDPDQSRSLHU³PDORQLDLVDNR
— Prašom tamsta perskaityti...
²1HUHLNLD²DWVDNDXMDLãLXUNãþLXEDOVXWDUGDPDVNDGWDWNRNLDQRUVUHNODPD´
²2WDPVWDWLNSHUVNDLWNEÌNWRNVJHUDV²PDOGDXGDPDSUDãRMLPDQ
VWRNLXR
EDOVXNXULVOLXGLMDNDGWSRSLHU³DWPHVGDPDVQHDSVDNRPDLJLOLDLMXåJDXQX
1XVWHE
V LPX QXR MRV SRSLHU³ PDWDX NDLS PHUJDLW¡V YHLG DSVLDXþLD GåLDXJVPR LU
YLOWLHV VSLQGXOLDL NRNLXV WHJDOLPD PDWWL WLN SDV JLOLDL WLNLQþLXV åPRQHV ODLPLQJLDXVLRM MÐ
JYHQLPRYDODQGRMH.DLSLUSLUPDWROLQDVMLQXRPDQ
VLãSDOHQJYRQHGUVLDL%HWMDXþLX
NDGSD¡M¡MXVLNLHNVXVWRMDLUåLÌUL³PDQHLãXåSDNDOLRPDWWQRULSHUVLWLNULQWLDUWSRSLHU¡O³
skaitysiu.
,PXLUVNDLWDX7DWODLãNDVDEHMRMDQWLHPVWLN¡MLPHSDNOGXVLHPVLUEHGLHYLDPV9LVXV
ãLXRV ODLãNR DXWRULXV QXURGGDPDV VDYR DGUHV NYLHþLD SDV VDYH SDåDG¡GDPDV NLHNYLHQ
VXVWLSULQWLWLN¡MLPHLUSULURGWLMDP'LHYRHVE
MHLJXMLVWRQHSULSDåLQWÐ/DLãNHGXSXVODSLX
SULOJLQLPÐLULãYHGåLRMLPÐ
6XSUDWDXWDPHUJDLW¡LUPDQHSULHSDNOGXVLÐSULVNDLW¡8åHLQDQRUDVMQXUDPLQWL
SDVLWHLVLQWLDUEDWDLSNQRUVSDVDNWLEHWDWVLJU
å
VMRVMDXQHEHUDQGX
²VLGHGXODLãNNLãHQ¡QLUQXOLÌG
VHLQXQDPR
Jonas biliunas -_liudna_pasaka
Jonas biliunas -_liudna_pasaka
Jonas biliunas -_liudna_pasaka
Jonas biliunas -_liudna_pasaka
Jonas biliunas -_liudna_pasaka
Jonas biliunas -_liudna_pasaka
Jonas biliunas -_liudna_pasaka
Jonas biliunas -_liudna_pasaka
Jonas biliunas -_liudna_pasaka
Jonas biliunas -_liudna_pasaka
Jonas biliunas -_liudna_pasaka
Jonas biliunas -_liudna_pasaka
Jonas biliunas -_liudna_pasaka
Jonas biliunas -_liudna_pasaka
Jonas biliunas -_liudna_pasaka
Jonas biliunas -_liudna_pasaka
Jonas biliunas -_liudna_pasaka
Jonas biliunas -_liudna_pasaka
Jonas biliunas -_liudna_pasaka
Jonas biliunas -_liudna_pasaka
Jonas biliunas -_liudna_pasaka
Jonas biliunas -_liudna_pasaka
Jonas biliunas -_liudna_pasaka
Jonas biliunas -_liudna_pasaka
Jonas biliunas -_liudna_pasaka
Jonas biliunas -_liudna_pasaka
Jonas biliunas -_liudna_pasaka
Jonas biliunas -_liudna_pasaka
Jonas biliunas -_liudna_pasaka
Jonas biliunas -_liudna_pasaka
Jonas biliunas -_liudna_pasaka
Jonas biliunas -_liudna_pasaka
Jonas biliunas -_liudna_pasaka
Jonas biliunas -_liudna_pasaka
Jonas biliunas -_liudna_pasaka
Jonas biliunas -_liudna_pasaka
Jonas biliunas -_liudna_pasaka

Contenu connexe

Tendances

Postmodern Pazarlama Kitap İncelemesi EnEntelektüel
Postmodern Pazarlama Kitap İncelemesi EnEntelektüelPostmodern Pazarlama Kitap İncelemesi EnEntelektüel
Postmodern Pazarlama Kitap İncelemesi EnEntelektüelenEntelektüel
 
Teaching of social science
Teaching  of social scienceTeaching  of social science
Teaching of social scienceAncySherin1
 
El aprovechamiento histórico del agua en Mendoza
El aprovechamiento histórico del agua en MendozaEl aprovechamiento histórico del agua en Mendoza
El aprovechamiento histórico del agua en MendozaMario Raul Soria
 
Quality of supply and market regulation: survey within Europe
Quality of supply and market regulation: survey within EuropeQuality of supply and market regulation: survey within Europe
Quality of supply and market regulation: survey within EuropeLeonardo ENERGY
 
Effects and Control of Pulsating Flow in Gas Measurement
Effects and Control of Pulsating Flow in Gas MeasurementEffects and Control of Pulsating Flow in Gas Measurement
Effects and Control of Pulsating Flow in Gas MeasurementRicardo Carmona
 
Etiquettes for teachers
Etiquettes for teachersEtiquettes for teachers
Etiquettes for teachersHammaduddin
 
In tech competence-based_curriculum_development_in_higher_education_a_globali...
In tech competence-based_curriculum_development_in_higher_education_a_globali...In tech competence-based_curriculum_development_in_higher_education_a_globali...
In tech competence-based_curriculum_development_in_higher_education_a_globali...lavanter simamora
 
Rima yousif nov.2012
Rima yousif nov.2012Rima yousif nov.2012
Rima yousif nov.2012Rima Yousif
 
Tilaaja tuottaja-semnaari Maijaliisa Junnila
Tilaaja tuottaja-semnaari Maijaliisa JunnilaTilaaja tuottaja-semnaari Maijaliisa Junnila
Tilaaja tuottaja-semnaari Maijaliisa JunnilaTilTu-seminaari
 
Ciesla 712[02] z1.11_u
Ciesla 712[02] z1.11_uCiesla 712[02] z1.11_u
Ciesla 712[02] z1.11_uEmotka
 
Reiki como es y como funciona
Reiki como es y como funcionaReiki como es y como funciona
Reiki como es y como funcionabetovhen sanz
 
MThompson LinkedIn Recommendationss
MThompson LinkedIn RecommendationssMThompson LinkedIn Recommendationss
MThompson LinkedIn RecommendationssHelloMT
 
Capítulo 3. Equipos y Procesos necesarios para la Esterilización Hospitalaria
Capítulo 3.  Equipos y Procesos necesarios para la Esterilización HospitalariaCapítulo 3.  Equipos y Procesos necesarios para la Esterilización Hospitalaria
Capítulo 3. Equipos y Procesos necesarios para la Esterilización HospitalariaRigoberto José Meléndez Cuauro
 

Tendances (19)

Postmodern Pazarlama Kitap İncelemesi EnEntelektüel
Postmodern Pazarlama Kitap İncelemesi EnEntelektüelPostmodern Pazarlama Kitap İncelemesi EnEntelektüel
Postmodern Pazarlama Kitap İncelemesi EnEntelektüel
 
Teaching of social science
Teaching  of social scienceTeaching  of social science
Teaching of social science
 
El aprovechamiento histórico del agua en Mendoza
El aprovechamiento histórico del agua en MendozaEl aprovechamiento histórico del agua en Mendoza
El aprovechamiento histórico del agua en Mendoza
 
Quality of supply and market regulation: survey within Europe
Quality of supply and market regulation: survey within EuropeQuality of supply and market regulation: survey within Europe
Quality of supply and market regulation: survey within Europe
 
Effects and Control of Pulsating Flow in Gas Measurement
Effects and Control of Pulsating Flow in Gas MeasurementEffects and Control of Pulsating Flow in Gas Measurement
Effects and Control of Pulsating Flow in Gas Measurement
 
8928 8933 w-usermanual
8928 8933 w-usermanual8928 8933 w-usermanual
8928 8933 w-usermanual
 
Mcs015
Mcs015Mcs015
Mcs015
 
Etiquettes for teachers
Etiquettes for teachersEtiquettes for teachers
Etiquettes for teachers
 
Detroit Property Report v3
Detroit Property Report v3Detroit Property Report v3
Detroit Property Report v3
 
In tech competence-based_curriculum_development_in_higher_education_a_globali...
In tech competence-based_curriculum_development_in_higher_education_a_globali...In tech competence-based_curriculum_development_in_higher_education_a_globali...
In tech competence-based_curriculum_development_in_higher_education_a_globali...
 
Fula I WòLof
Fula I WòLofFula I WòLof
Fula I WòLof
 
Rima yousif nov.2012
Rima yousif nov.2012Rima yousif nov.2012
Rima yousif nov.2012
 
Tilaaja tuottaja-semnaari Maijaliisa Junnila
Tilaaja tuottaja-semnaari Maijaliisa JunnilaTilaaja tuottaja-semnaari Maijaliisa Junnila
Tilaaja tuottaja-semnaari Maijaliisa Junnila
 
Ciesla 712[02] z1.11_u
Ciesla 712[02] z1.11_uCiesla 712[02] z1.11_u
Ciesla 712[02] z1.11_u
 
New Life
New LifeNew Life
New Life
 
Reiki como es y como funciona
Reiki como es y como funcionaReiki como es y como funciona
Reiki como es y como funciona
 
MThompson LinkedIn Recommendationss
MThompson LinkedIn RecommendationssMThompson LinkedIn Recommendationss
MThompson LinkedIn Recommendationss
 
Capítulo 3. Equipos y Procesos necesarios para la Esterilización Hospitalaria
Capítulo 3.  Equipos y Procesos necesarios para la Esterilización HospitalariaCapítulo 3.  Equipos y Procesos necesarios para la Esterilización Hospitalaria
Capítulo 3. Equipos y Procesos necesarios para la Esterilización Hospitalaria
 
Sosiaalipaketti
SosiaalipakettiSosiaalipaketti
Sosiaalipaketti
 

En vedette

Leonid.aliochin. .puole.multiversumo.angelai.pirma.knyga.2005.lt
Leonid.aliochin. .puole.multiversumo.angelai.pirma.knyga.2005.ltLeonid.aliochin. .puole.multiversumo.angelai.pirma.knyga.2005.lt
Leonid.aliochin. .puole.multiversumo.angelai.pirma.knyga.2005.ltKnygu Skaitykla
 
Leonid.aliochin. .puole.multiversumo.angelai.ii.2005.lt.
Leonid.aliochin. .puole.multiversumo.angelai.ii.2005.lt.Leonid.aliochin. .puole.multiversumo.angelai.ii.2005.lt.
Leonid.aliochin. .puole.multiversumo.angelai.ii.2005.lt.Knygu Skaitykla
 
Mario puzo. krikstatevis
Mario puzo. krikstatevisMario puzo. krikstatevis
Mario puzo. krikstatevisKnygu Skaitykla
 
Jo.nesbo. .raudongurkle.2009.lt
Jo.nesbo. .raudongurkle.2009.ltJo.nesbo. .raudongurkle.2009.lt
Jo.nesbo. .raudongurkle.2009.ltKnygu Skaitykla
 
Jo.nesbo . .vaiduoklis.2014.lt-
Jo.nesbo . .vaiduoklis.2014.lt-Jo.nesbo . .vaiduoklis.2014.lt-
Jo.nesbo . .vaiduoklis.2014.lt-Knygu Skaitykla
 

En vedette (8)

Leonid.aliochin. .puole.multiversumo.angelai.pirma.knyga.2005.lt
Leonid.aliochin. .puole.multiversumo.angelai.pirma.knyga.2005.ltLeonid.aliochin. .puole.multiversumo.angelai.pirma.knyga.2005.lt
Leonid.aliochin. .puole.multiversumo.angelai.pirma.knyga.2005.lt
 
Leonid.aliochin. .puole.multiversumo.angelai.ii.2005.lt.
Leonid.aliochin. .puole.multiversumo.angelai.ii.2005.lt.Leonid.aliochin. .puole.multiversumo.angelai.ii.2005.lt.
Leonid.aliochin. .puole.multiversumo.angelai.ii.2005.lt.
 
Mario puzo. krikstatevis
Mario puzo. krikstatevisMario puzo. krikstatevis
Mario puzo. krikstatevis
 
Jaunatis s.meyer (1)
Jaunatis s.meyer (1)Jaunatis s.meyer (1)
Jaunatis s.meyer (1)
 
Meistras ir-margarita
Meistras ir-margaritaMeistras ir-margarita
Meistras ir-margarita
 
Jo.nesbo. .raudongurkle.2009.lt
Jo.nesbo. .raudongurkle.2009.ltJo.nesbo. .raudongurkle.2009.lt
Jo.nesbo. .raudongurkle.2009.lt
 
Jo.nesbo . .vaiduoklis.2014.lt-
Jo.nesbo . .vaiduoklis.2014.lt-Jo.nesbo . .vaiduoklis.2014.lt-
Jo.nesbo . .vaiduoklis.2014.lt-
 
Uztemimas s.meyer
Uztemimas s.meyerUztemimas s.meyer
Uztemimas s.meyer
 

Similaire à Jonas biliunas -_liudna_pasaka

FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PENGGUNAAN ASESMEN ALTERNATIF DALAM MENGEVALU...
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PENGGUNAAN ASESMEN ALTERNATIF DALAM MENGEVALU...FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PENGGUNAAN ASESMEN ALTERNATIF DALAM MENGEVALU...
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PENGGUNAAN ASESMEN ALTERNATIF DALAM MENGEVALU...WindaUtari4
 
Como ser libre de la terquedad
Como ser libre de la terquedadComo ser libre de la terquedad
Como ser libre de la terquedadWanda Montecino
 
SKGF_Presentation_Biosimilars: Where Do We Stand and Where Are We Headed?_2008
SKGF_Presentation_Biosimilars: Where Do We Stand and Where Are We Headed?_2008SKGF_Presentation_Biosimilars: Where Do We Stand and Where Are We Headed?_2008
SKGF_Presentation_Biosimilars: Where Do We Stand and Where Are We Headed?_2008SterneKessler
 
Otn 9ides-fut-130867
Otn 9ides-fut-130867Otn 9ides-fut-130867
Otn 9ides-fut-130867FITSFSd
 
An Actuarial Approach to Valuing Mortgage Backed Securities EAAC 2009 Kyle Mr...
An Actuarial Approach to Valuing Mortgage Backed Securities EAAC 2009 Kyle Mr...An Actuarial Approach to Valuing Mortgage Backed Securities EAAC 2009 Kyle Mr...
An Actuarial Approach to Valuing Mortgage Backed Securities EAAC 2009 Kyle Mr...kylemrotek
 
A Modo De Preámbulo, Eza Quilla I
A Modo De Preámbulo, Eza Quilla IA Modo De Preámbulo, Eza Quilla I
A Modo De Preámbulo, Eza Quilla Iautobombo
 
Anna Blasco Una Mirada Atras Y Ya Eres Sal Poems
Anna Blasco   Una Mirada Atras Y Ya Eres Sal  PoemsAnna Blasco   Una Mirada Atras Y Ya Eres Sal  Poems
Anna Blasco Una Mirada Atras Y Ya Eres Sal PoemsPalau Lax
 
eNewsletter sample
eNewsletter sampleeNewsletter sample
eNewsletter sampleElisa Smith
 
Engineering Better Electric Powered Wheelchairs To Enhance Rehabilitative And...
Engineering Better Electric Powered Wheelchairs To Enhance Rehabilitative And...Engineering Better Electric Powered Wheelchairs To Enhance Rehabilitative And...
Engineering Better Electric Powered Wheelchairs To Enhance Rehabilitative And...Yen Kheng Tan (PhD, SrMIEEE)
 
Nine planet's chant which can change your life
Nine planet's chant which can change your lifeNine planet's chant which can change your life
Nine planet's chant which can change your lifeAstro Guru
 
Lasinteligenciamultiples
LasinteligenciamultiplesLasinteligenciamultiples
Lasinteligenciamultiplesmarianita316
 
Capítulo 1. Bases Conceptuales de la Esterilización Hospitalaria
Capítulo 1.  Bases Conceptuales de la Esterilización HospitalariaCapítulo 1.  Bases Conceptuales de la Esterilización Hospitalaria
Capítulo 1. Bases Conceptuales de la Esterilización HospitalariaRigoberto José Meléndez Cuauro
 
SKGF_Presentation_In Re Bilski_2008
SKGF_Presentation_In Re Bilski_2008SKGF_Presentation_In Re Bilski_2008
SKGF_Presentation_In Re Bilski_2008SterneKessler
 

Similaire à Jonas biliunas -_liudna_pasaka (20)

Cruzando el umbral_de_la_esperanza
Cruzando el umbral_de_la_esperanzaCruzando el umbral_de_la_esperanza
Cruzando el umbral_de_la_esperanza
 
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PENGGUNAAN ASESMEN ALTERNATIF DALAM MENGEVALU...
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PENGGUNAAN ASESMEN ALTERNATIF DALAM MENGEVALU...FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PENGGUNAAN ASESMEN ALTERNATIF DALAM MENGEVALU...
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PENGGUNAAN ASESMEN ALTERNATIF DALAM MENGEVALU...
 
Como ser libre de la terquedad
Como ser libre de la terquedadComo ser libre de la terquedad
Como ser libre de la terquedad
 
SKGF_Presentation_Biosimilars: Where Do We Stand and Where Are We Headed?_2008
SKGF_Presentation_Biosimilars: Where Do We Stand and Where Are We Headed?_2008SKGF_Presentation_Biosimilars: Where Do We Stand and Where Are We Headed?_2008
SKGF_Presentation_Biosimilars: Where Do We Stand and Where Are We Headed?_2008
 
Fno media kit 2
Fno media kit 2Fno media kit 2
Fno media kit 2
 
Otn 9ides-fut-130867
Otn 9ides-fut-130867Otn 9ides-fut-130867
Otn 9ides-fut-130867
 
Goleman-2.pdf
Goleman-2.pdfGoleman-2.pdf
Goleman-2.pdf
 
Mortg Mod Flyer
Mortg Mod FlyerMortg Mod Flyer
Mortg Mod Flyer
 
An Actuarial Approach to Valuing Mortgage Backed Securities EAAC 2009 Kyle Mr...
An Actuarial Approach to Valuing Mortgage Backed Securities EAAC 2009 Kyle Mr...An Actuarial Approach to Valuing Mortgage Backed Securities EAAC 2009 Kyle Mr...
An Actuarial Approach to Valuing Mortgage Backed Securities EAAC 2009 Kyle Mr...
 
A Modo De Preámbulo, Eza Quilla I
A Modo De Preámbulo, Eza Quilla IA Modo De Preámbulo, Eza Quilla I
A Modo De Preámbulo, Eza Quilla I
 
Anna Blasco Una Mirada Atras Y Ya Eres Sal Poems
Anna Blasco   Una Mirada Atras Y Ya Eres Sal  PoemsAnna Blasco   Una Mirada Atras Y Ya Eres Sal  Poems
Anna Blasco Una Mirada Atras Y Ya Eres Sal Poems
 
eNewsletter sample
eNewsletter sampleeNewsletter sample
eNewsletter sample
 
Engineering Better Electric Powered Wheelchairs To Enhance Rehabilitative And...
Engineering Better Electric Powered Wheelchairs To Enhance Rehabilitative And...Engineering Better Electric Powered Wheelchairs To Enhance Rehabilitative And...
Engineering Better Electric Powered Wheelchairs To Enhance Rehabilitative And...
 
Muelle barón intervención
Muelle barón intervenciónMuelle barón intervención
Muelle barón intervención
 
Capítulo 7. Los Agentes Físicos sobre las Bacterias
Capítulo 7.  Los Agentes Físicos sobre las BacteriasCapítulo 7.  Los Agentes Físicos sobre las Bacterias
Capítulo 7. Los Agentes Físicos sobre las Bacterias
 
Acrosport 18 unidad didactica
Acrosport 18 unidad didacticaAcrosport 18 unidad didactica
Acrosport 18 unidad didactica
 
Nine planet's chant which can change your life
Nine planet's chant which can change your lifeNine planet's chant which can change your life
Nine planet's chant which can change your life
 
Lasinteligenciamultiples
LasinteligenciamultiplesLasinteligenciamultiples
Lasinteligenciamultiples
 
Capítulo 1. Bases Conceptuales de la Esterilización Hospitalaria
Capítulo 1.  Bases Conceptuales de la Esterilización HospitalariaCapítulo 1.  Bases Conceptuales de la Esterilización Hospitalaria
Capítulo 1. Bases Conceptuales de la Esterilización Hospitalaria
 
SKGF_Presentation_In Re Bilski_2008
SKGF_Presentation_In Re Bilski_2008SKGF_Presentation_In Re Bilski_2008
SKGF_Presentation_In Re Bilski_2008
 

Plus de Knygu Skaitykla

Sk.nr.40.stephen.king. .langoljerai.2003.lt
Sk.nr.40.stephen.king. .langoljerai.2003.ltSk.nr.40.stephen.king. .langoljerai.2003.lt
Sk.nr.40.stephen.king. .langoljerai.2003.ltKnygu Skaitykla
 
Mario puzo -_sicilietis_-_2005
Mario puzo -_sicilietis_-_2005Mario puzo -_sicilietis_-_2005
Mario puzo -_sicilietis_-_2005Knygu Skaitykla
 
Hagakurė. slaptoji.samurajų.knyga.2006.lt
Hagakurė. slaptoji.samurajų.knyga.2006.ltHagakurė. slaptoji.samurajų.knyga.2006.lt
Hagakurė. slaptoji.samurajų.knyga.2006.ltKnygu Skaitykla
 
Kaip efektyviai mokytis_kalbu_converted
Kaip efektyviai mokytis_kalbu_convertedKaip efektyviai mokytis_kalbu_converted
Kaip efektyviai mokytis_kalbu_convertedKnygu Skaitykla
 
Raymund.mood. .gyvenimas.po.gyvenimo
Raymund.mood. .gyvenimas.po.gyvenimoRaymund.mood. .gyvenimas.po.gyvenimo
Raymund.mood. .gyvenimas.po.gyvenimoKnygu Skaitykla
 
Mario puzo ketvirtasisi kenedis
Mario puzo ketvirtasisi kenedisMario puzo ketvirtasisi kenedis
Mario puzo ketvirtasisi kenedisKnygu Skaitykla
 
Pinokio nuotykiai -_carlo_collodi
Pinokio nuotykiai -_carlo_collodiPinokio nuotykiai -_carlo_collodi
Pinokio nuotykiai -_carlo_collodiKnygu Skaitykla
 
Dmitry.glukhovsky. .metro.2033.2011.lt
Dmitry.glukhovsky. .metro.2033.2011.ltDmitry.glukhovsky. .metro.2033.2011.lt
Dmitry.glukhovsky. .metro.2033.2011.ltKnygu Skaitykla
 
Penkiasdesimtpilku atspalviu
Penkiasdesimtpilku atspalviuPenkiasdesimtpilku atspalviu
Penkiasdesimtpilku atspalviuKnygu Skaitykla
 
Plb.064.henryk.senkiewicz. .quo.vadis.1991.lt web
Plb.064.henryk.senkiewicz. .quo.vadis.1991.lt webPlb.064.henryk.senkiewicz. .quo.vadis.1991.lt web
Plb.064.henryk.senkiewicz. .quo.vadis.1991.lt webKnygu Skaitykla
 
Allen carr lengvas budas suvaldyti alkoholi
Allen carr   lengvas budas suvaldyti alkoholiAllen carr   lengvas budas suvaldyti alkoholi
Allen carr lengvas budas suvaldyti alkoholiKnygu Skaitykla
 
Dmitry gluchovsky metro 2034
Dmitry gluchovsky metro 2034Dmitry gluchovsky metro 2034
Dmitry gluchovsky metro 2034Knygu Skaitykla
 
Joga pradedantiesiems -_rosamund_bell
Joga pradedantiesiems -_rosamund_bellJoga pradedantiesiems -_rosamund_bell
Joga pradedantiesiems -_rosamund_bellKnygu Skaitykla
 
Didysis.lietuviskas.sapnininkas
Didysis.lietuviskas.sapnininkasDidysis.lietuviskas.sapnininkas
Didysis.lietuviskas.sapnininkasKnygu Skaitykla
 
Orsi.ferenc. .kapitonas.tenkesas.1975.lt
Orsi.ferenc. .kapitonas.tenkesas.1975.ltOrsi.ferenc. .kapitonas.tenkesas.1975.lt
Orsi.ferenc. .kapitonas.tenkesas.1975.ltKnygu Skaitykla
 
Philip freeman aleksandras makedonietis
Philip freeman   aleksandras makedonietisPhilip freeman   aleksandras makedonietis
Philip freeman aleksandras makedonietisKnygu Skaitykla
 

Plus de Knygu Skaitykla (18)

Sk.nr.40.stephen.king. .langoljerai.2003.lt
Sk.nr.40.stephen.king. .langoljerai.2003.ltSk.nr.40.stephen.king. .langoljerai.2003.lt
Sk.nr.40.stephen.king. .langoljerai.2003.lt
 
Mario puzo -_sicilietis_-_2005
Mario puzo -_sicilietis_-_2005Mario puzo -_sicilietis_-_2005
Mario puzo -_sicilietis_-_2005
 
Hagakurė. slaptoji.samurajų.knyga.2006.lt
Hagakurė. slaptoji.samurajų.knyga.2006.ltHagakurė. slaptoji.samurajų.knyga.2006.lt
Hagakurė. slaptoji.samurajų.knyga.2006.lt
 
Kaip efektyviai mokytis_kalbu_converted
Kaip efektyviai mokytis_kalbu_convertedKaip efektyviai mokytis_kalbu_converted
Kaip efektyviai mokytis_kalbu_converted
 
Raymund.mood. .gyvenimas.po.gyvenimo
Raymund.mood. .gyvenimas.po.gyvenimoRaymund.mood. .gyvenimas.po.gyvenimo
Raymund.mood. .gyvenimas.po.gyvenimo
 
Mario puzo ketvirtasisi kenedis
Mario puzo ketvirtasisi kenedisMario puzo ketvirtasisi kenedis
Mario puzo ketvirtasisi kenedis
 
Pinokio nuotykiai -_carlo_collodi
Pinokio nuotykiai -_carlo_collodiPinokio nuotykiai -_carlo_collodi
Pinokio nuotykiai -_carlo_collodi
 
Dmitry.glukhovsky. .metro.2033.2011.lt
Dmitry.glukhovsky. .metro.2033.2011.ltDmitry.glukhovsky. .metro.2033.2011.lt
Dmitry.glukhovsky. .metro.2033.2011.lt
 
Tarp kitu jo walton
Tarp kitu   jo waltonTarp kitu   jo walton
Tarp kitu jo walton
 
Penkiasdesimtpilku atspalviu
Penkiasdesimtpilku atspalviuPenkiasdesimtpilku atspalviu
Penkiasdesimtpilku atspalviu
 
Lengvasbudasmestirukyti
LengvasbudasmestirukytiLengvasbudasmestirukyti
Lengvasbudasmestirukyti
 
Plb.064.henryk.senkiewicz. .quo.vadis.1991.lt web
Plb.064.henryk.senkiewicz. .quo.vadis.1991.lt webPlb.064.henryk.senkiewicz. .quo.vadis.1991.lt web
Plb.064.henryk.senkiewicz. .quo.vadis.1991.lt web
 
Allen carr lengvas budas suvaldyti alkoholi
Allen carr   lengvas budas suvaldyti alkoholiAllen carr   lengvas budas suvaldyti alkoholi
Allen carr lengvas budas suvaldyti alkoholi
 
Dmitry gluchovsky metro 2034
Dmitry gluchovsky metro 2034Dmitry gluchovsky metro 2034
Dmitry gluchovsky metro 2034
 
Joga pradedantiesiems -_rosamund_bell
Joga pradedantiesiems -_rosamund_bellJoga pradedantiesiems -_rosamund_bell
Joga pradedantiesiems -_rosamund_bell
 
Didysis.lietuviskas.sapnininkas
Didysis.lietuviskas.sapnininkasDidysis.lietuviskas.sapnininkas
Didysis.lietuviskas.sapnininkas
 
Orsi.ferenc. .kapitonas.tenkesas.1975.lt
Orsi.ferenc. .kapitonas.tenkesas.1975.ltOrsi.ferenc. .kapitonas.tenkesas.1975.lt
Orsi.ferenc. .kapitonas.tenkesas.1975.lt
 
Philip freeman aleksandras makedonietis
Philip freeman   aleksandras makedonietisPhilip freeman   aleksandras makedonietis
Philip freeman aleksandras makedonietis
 

Dernier

💞SEXY💞 UDAIPUR ESCORTS 09602870969 CaLL GiRLS in UdAiPuR EsCoRt SeRvIcE💞
💞SEXY💞 UDAIPUR ESCORTS 09602870969 CaLL GiRLS in UdAiPuR EsCoRt SeRvIcE💞💞SEXY💞 UDAIPUR ESCORTS 09602870969 CaLL GiRLS in UdAiPuR EsCoRt SeRvIcE💞
💞SEXY💞 UDAIPUR ESCORTS 09602870969 CaLL GiRLS in UdAiPuR EsCoRt SeRvIcE💞Apsara Of India
 
Call Girls Service In Udaipur 9602870969 Sajjangarh Udaipur EsCoRtS
Call Girls Service In Udaipur 9602870969 Sajjangarh Udaipur EsCoRtSCall Girls Service In Udaipur 9602870969 Sajjangarh Udaipur EsCoRtS
Call Girls Service In Udaipur 9602870969 Sajjangarh Udaipur EsCoRtSApsara Of India
 
👉Amritsar Call Girl 👉📞 8725944379 👉📞 Just📲 Call Mack Call Girls Service In Am...
👉Amritsar Call Girl 👉📞 8725944379 👉📞 Just📲 Call Mack Call Girls Service In Am...👉Amritsar Call Girl 👉📞 8725944379 👉📞 Just📲 Call Mack Call Girls Service In Am...
👉Amritsar Call Girl 👉📞 8725944379 👉📞 Just📲 Call Mack Call Girls Service In Am...Sheetaleventcompany
 
Nahan call girls 📞 8617697112 At Low Cost Cash Payment Booking
Nahan call girls 📞 8617697112 At Low Cost Cash Payment BookingNahan call girls 📞 8617697112 At Low Cost Cash Payment Booking
Nahan call girls 📞 8617697112 At Low Cost Cash Payment BookingNitya salvi
 
💰Call Girl In Ludhiana 📞9815777685📞 💰Dilpreet📲 Best Ludhiana Call Girls Serv...
💰Call Girl  In Ludhiana 📞9815777685📞 💰Dilpreet📲 Best Ludhiana Call Girls Serv...💰Call Girl  In Ludhiana 📞9815777685📞 💰Dilpreet📲 Best Ludhiana Call Girls Serv...
💰Call Girl In Ludhiana 📞9815777685📞 💰Dilpreet📲 Best Ludhiana Call Girls Serv...dilpreetentertainmen
 
Rudraprayag call girls 📞 8617697112 At Low Cost Cash Payment Booking
Rudraprayag call girls 📞 8617697112 At Low Cost Cash Payment BookingRudraprayag call girls 📞 8617697112 At Low Cost Cash Payment Booking
Rudraprayag call girls 📞 8617697112 At Low Cost Cash Payment BookingNitya salvi
 
Call Girls Zirakpur👧 Book Now📱7837612180 📞👉Call Girl Service In Zirakpur No A...
Call Girls Zirakpur👧 Book Now📱7837612180 📞👉Call Girl Service In Zirakpur No A...Call Girls Zirakpur👧 Book Now📱7837612180 📞👉Call Girl Service In Zirakpur No A...
Call Girls Zirakpur👧 Book Now📱7837612180 📞👉Call Girl Service In Zirakpur No A...Sheetaleventcompany
 
New Call Girls In Panipat 08168329307 Shamli Israna Escorts Service
New Call Girls In Panipat 08168329307 Shamli Israna Escorts ServiceNew Call Girls In Panipat 08168329307 Shamli Israna Escorts Service
New Call Girls In Panipat 08168329307 Shamli Israna Escorts ServiceApsara Of India
 
Zirakpur Call Girls👧 Book Now📱8146719683 📞👉Mohali Call Girl Service No Advanc...
Zirakpur Call Girls👧 Book Now📱8146719683 📞👉Mohali Call Girl Service No Advanc...Zirakpur Call Girls👧 Book Now📱8146719683 📞👉Mohali Call Girl Service No Advanc...
Zirakpur Call Girls👧 Book Now📱8146719683 📞👉Mohali Call Girl Service No Advanc...rajveermohali2022
 
💞Call Girls In Sonipat 08168329307 Sonipat Kundli GTK Bypass EsCoRt Service
💞Call Girls In Sonipat 08168329307 Sonipat Kundli GTK Bypass EsCoRt Service💞Call Girls In Sonipat 08168329307 Sonipat Kundli GTK Bypass EsCoRt Service
💞Call Girls In Sonipat 08168329307 Sonipat Kundli GTK Bypass EsCoRt ServiceApsara Of India
 
Call Girls Dholpur Just Call 8617370543Top Class Call Girl Service Available
Call Girls Dholpur Just Call 8617370543Top Class Call Girl Service AvailableCall Girls Dholpur Just Call 8617370543Top Class Call Girl Service Available
Call Girls Dholpur Just Call 8617370543Top Class Call Girl Service AvailableNitya salvi
 
Fun Call Girls In Yamunanagar 08168329307 Jagadhri Escort Services
Fun Call Girls In Yamunanagar 08168329307 Jagadhri Escort ServicesFun Call Girls In Yamunanagar 08168329307 Jagadhri Escort Services
Fun Call Girls In Yamunanagar 08168329307 Jagadhri Escort ServicesApsara Of India
 
💕COD Call Girls In Kurukshetra 08168329307 Pehowa Escort Service
💕COD Call Girls In Kurukshetra 08168329307 Pehowa Escort Service💕COD Call Girls In Kurukshetra 08168329307 Pehowa Escort Service
💕COD Call Girls In Kurukshetra 08168329307 Pehowa Escort ServiceApsara Of India
 
VIP Model Call Girls Buldhana Call ON 8617697112 Starting From 5K to 25K High...
VIP Model Call Girls Buldhana Call ON 8617697112 Starting From 5K to 25K High...VIP Model Call Girls Buldhana Call ON 8617697112 Starting From 5K to 25K High...
VIP Model Call Girls Buldhana Call ON 8617697112 Starting From 5K to 25K High...Nitya salvi
 
Night 7k to 12k Chennai Call Girls 👉👉 8617697112⭐⭐ 100% Genuine Escort Servic...
Night 7k to 12k Chennai Call Girls 👉👉 8617697112⭐⭐ 100% Genuine Escort Servic...Night 7k to 12k Chennai Call Girls 👉👉 8617697112⭐⭐ 100% Genuine Escort Servic...
Night 7k to 12k Chennai Call Girls 👉👉 8617697112⭐⭐ 100% Genuine Escort Servic...Nitya salvi
 
Hi Profile Escorts In Udaipur 09602870969 Call Girls in Sobaghpura Bhopalpura
Hi Profile Escorts In Udaipur 09602870969 Call Girls in Sobaghpura BhopalpuraHi Profile Escorts In Udaipur 09602870969 Call Girls in Sobaghpura Bhopalpura
Hi Profile Escorts In Udaipur 09602870969 Call Girls in Sobaghpura BhopalpuraApsara Of India
 
Pooja : 9892124323, Dharavi Call Girls. 7000 Cash Payment Free Home Delivery
Pooja : 9892124323, Dharavi Call Girls. 7000 Cash Payment Free Home DeliveryPooja : 9892124323, Dharavi Call Girls. 7000 Cash Payment Free Home Delivery
Pooja : 9892124323, Dharavi Call Girls. 7000 Cash Payment Free Home DeliveryPooja Nehwal
 
💞ROYAL💞 UDAIPUR ESCORTS Call 09602870969 CaLL GiRLS in UdAiPuR EsCoRt SeRvIcE💞
💞ROYAL💞 UDAIPUR ESCORTS Call 09602870969 CaLL GiRLS in UdAiPuR EsCoRt SeRvIcE💞💞ROYAL💞 UDAIPUR ESCORTS Call 09602870969 CaLL GiRLS in UdAiPuR EsCoRt SeRvIcE💞
💞ROYAL💞 UDAIPUR ESCORTS Call 09602870969 CaLL GiRLS in UdAiPuR EsCoRt SeRvIcE💞Apsara Of India
 
VIP 💞🌷Call Girls In Karnal 08168329307 Escorts Service Nilokheri Call Girls
VIP 💞🌷Call Girls In Karnal 08168329307 Escorts Service Nilokheri Call GirlsVIP 💞🌷Call Girls In Karnal 08168329307 Escorts Service Nilokheri Call Girls
VIP 💞🌷Call Girls In Karnal 08168329307 Escorts Service Nilokheri Call GirlsApsara Of India
 
Chandigarh Escorts Service ☎ 9915851334 ☎ Top Class Call Girls Service In Moh...
Chandigarh Escorts Service ☎ 9915851334 ☎ Top Class Call Girls Service In Moh...Chandigarh Escorts Service ☎ 9915851334 ☎ Top Class Call Girls Service In Moh...
Chandigarh Escorts Service ☎ 9915851334 ☎ Top Class Call Girls Service In Moh...rajveermohali2022
 

Dernier (20)

💞SEXY💞 UDAIPUR ESCORTS 09602870969 CaLL GiRLS in UdAiPuR EsCoRt SeRvIcE💞
💞SEXY💞 UDAIPUR ESCORTS 09602870969 CaLL GiRLS in UdAiPuR EsCoRt SeRvIcE💞💞SEXY💞 UDAIPUR ESCORTS 09602870969 CaLL GiRLS in UdAiPuR EsCoRt SeRvIcE💞
💞SEXY💞 UDAIPUR ESCORTS 09602870969 CaLL GiRLS in UdAiPuR EsCoRt SeRvIcE💞
 
Call Girls Service In Udaipur 9602870969 Sajjangarh Udaipur EsCoRtS
Call Girls Service In Udaipur 9602870969 Sajjangarh Udaipur EsCoRtSCall Girls Service In Udaipur 9602870969 Sajjangarh Udaipur EsCoRtS
Call Girls Service In Udaipur 9602870969 Sajjangarh Udaipur EsCoRtS
 
👉Amritsar Call Girl 👉📞 8725944379 👉📞 Just📲 Call Mack Call Girls Service In Am...
👉Amritsar Call Girl 👉📞 8725944379 👉📞 Just📲 Call Mack Call Girls Service In Am...👉Amritsar Call Girl 👉📞 8725944379 👉📞 Just📲 Call Mack Call Girls Service In Am...
👉Amritsar Call Girl 👉📞 8725944379 👉📞 Just📲 Call Mack Call Girls Service In Am...
 
Nahan call girls 📞 8617697112 At Low Cost Cash Payment Booking
Nahan call girls 📞 8617697112 At Low Cost Cash Payment BookingNahan call girls 📞 8617697112 At Low Cost Cash Payment Booking
Nahan call girls 📞 8617697112 At Low Cost Cash Payment Booking
 
💰Call Girl In Ludhiana 📞9815777685📞 💰Dilpreet📲 Best Ludhiana Call Girls Serv...
💰Call Girl  In Ludhiana 📞9815777685📞 💰Dilpreet📲 Best Ludhiana Call Girls Serv...💰Call Girl  In Ludhiana 📞9815777685📞 💰Dilpreet📲 Best Ludhiana Call Girls Serv...
💰Call Girl In Ludhiana 📞9815777685📞 💰Dilpreet📲 Best Ludhiana Call Girls Serv...
 
Rudraprayag call girls 📞 8617697112 At Low Cost Cash Payment Booking
Rudraprayag call girls 📞 8617697112 At Low Cost Cash Payment BookingRudraprayag call girls 📞 8617697112 At Low Cost Cash Payment Booking
Rudraprayag call girls 📞 8617697112 At Low Cost Cash Payment Booking
 
Call Girls Zirakpur👧 Book Now📱7837612180 📞👉Call Girl Service In Zirakpur No A...
Call Girls Zirakpur👧 Book Now📱7837612180 📞👉Call Girl Service In Zirakpur No A...Call Girls Zirakpur👧 Book Now📱7837612180 📞👉Call Girl Service In Zirakpur No A...
Call Girls Zirakpur👧 Book Now📱7837612180 📞👉Call Girl Service In Zirakpur No A...
 
New Call Girls In Panipat 08168329307 Shamli Israna Escorts Service
New Call Girls In Panipat 08168329307 Shamli Israna Escorts ServiceNew Call Girls In Panipat 08168329307 Shamli Israna Escorts Service
New Call Girls In Panipat 08168329307 Shamli Israna Escorts Service
 
Zirakpur Call Girls👧 Book Now📱8146719683 📞👉Mohali Call Girl Service No Advanc...
Zirakpur Call Girls👧 Book Now📱8146719683 📞👉Mohali Call Girl Service No Advanc...Zirakpur Call Girls👧 Book Now📱8146719683 📞👉Mohali Call Girl Service No Advanc...
Zirakpur Call Girls👧 Book Now📱8146719683 📞👉Mohali Call Girl Service No Advanc...
 
💞Call Girls In Sonipat 08168329307 Sonipat Kundli GTK Bypass EsCoRt Service
💞Call Girls In Sonipat 08168329307 Sonipat Kundli GTK Bypass EsCoRt Service💞Call Girls In Sonipat 08168329307 Sonipat Kundli GTK Bypass EsCoRt Service
💞Call Girls In Sonipat 08168329307 Sonipat Kundli GTK Bypass EsCoRt Service
 
Call Girls Dholpur Just Call 8617370543Top Class Call Girl Service Available
Call Girls Dholpur Just Call 8617370543Top Class Call Girl Service AvailableCall Girls Dholpur Just Call 8617370543Top Class Call Girl Service Available
Call Girls Dholpur Just Call 8617370543Top Class Call Girl Service Available
 
Fun Call Girls In Yamunanagar 08168329307 Jagadhri Escort Services
Fun Call Girls In Yamunanagar 08168329307 Jagadhri Escort ServicesFun Call Girls In Yamunanagar 08168329307 Jagadhri Escort Services
Fun Call Girls In Yamunanagar 08168329307 Jagadhri Escort Services
 
💕COD Call Girls In Kurukshetra 08168329307 Pehowa Escort Service
💕COD Call Girls In Kurukshetra 08168329307 Pehowa Escort Service💕COD Call Girls In Kurukshetra 08168329307 Pehowa Escort Service
💕COD Call Girls In Kurukshetra 08168329307 Pehowa Escort Service
 
VIP Model Call Girls Buldhana Call ON 8617697112 Starting From 5K to 25K High...
VIP Model Call Girls Buldhana Call ON 8617697112 Starting From 5K to 25K High...VIP Model Call Girls Buldhana Call ON 8617697112 Starting From 5K to 25K High...
VIP Model Call Girls Buldhana Call ON 8617697112 Starting From 5K to 25K High...
 
Night 7k to 12k Chennai Call Girls 👉👉 8617697112⭐⭐ 100% Genuine Escort Servic...
Night 7k to 12k Chennai Call Girls 👉👉 8617697112⭐⭐ 100% Genuine Escort Servic...Night 7k to 12k Chennai Call Girls 👉👉 8617697112⭐⭐ 100% Genuine Escort Servic...
Night 7k to 12k Chennai Call Girls 👉👉 8617697112⭐⭐ 100% Genuine Escort Servic...
 
Hi Profile Escorts In Udaipur 09602870969 Call Girls in Sobaghpura Bhopalpura
Hi Profile Escorts In Udaipur 09602870969 Call Girls in Sobaghpura BhopalpuraHi Profile Escorts In Udaipur 09602870969 Call Girls in Sobaghpura Bhopalpura
Hi Profile Escorts In Udaipur 09602870969 Call Girls in Sobaghpura Bhopalpura
 
Pooja : 9892124323, Dharavi Call Girls. 7000 Cash Payment Free Home Delivery
Pooja : 9892124323, Dharavi Call Girls. 7000 Cash Payment Free Home DeliveryPooja : 9892124323, Dharavi Call Girls. 7000 Cash Payment Free Home Delivery
Pooja : 9892124323, Dharavi Call Girls. 7000 Cash Payment Free Home Delivery
 
💞ROYAL💞 UDAIPUR ESCORTS Call 09602870969 CaLL GiRLS in UdAiPuR EsCoRt SeRvIcE💞
💞ROYAL💞 UDAIPUR ESCORTS Call 09602870969 CaLL GiRLS in UdAiPuR EsCoRt SeRvIcE💞💞ROYAL💞 UDAIPUR ESCORTS Call 09602870969 CaLL GiRLS in UdAiPuR EsCoRt SeRvIcE💞
💞ROYAL💞 UDAIPUR ESCORTS Call 09602870969 CaLL GiRLS in UdAiPuR EsCoRt SeRvIcE💞
 
VIP 💞🌷Call Girls In Karnal 08168329307 Escorts Service Nilokheri Call Girls
VIP 💞🌷Call Girls In Karnal 08168329307 Escorts Service Nilokheri Call GirlsVIP 💞🌷Call Girls In Karnal 08168329307 Escorts Service Nilokheri Call Girls
VIP 💞🌷Call Girls In Karnal 08168329307 Escorts Service Nilokheri Call Girls
 
Chandigarh Escorts Service ☎ 9915851334 ☎ Top Class Call Girls Service In Moh...
Chandigarh Escorts Service ☎ 9915851334 ☎ Top Class Call Girls Service In Moh...Chandigarh Escorts Service ☎ 9915851334 ☎ Top Class Call Girls Service In Moh...
Chandigarh Escorts Service ☎ 9915851334 ☎ Top Class Call Girls Service In Moh...
 

Jonas biliunas -_liudna_pasaka