2. ...................
Dey Dos
Performance Discrepancy
“what is”
“what
should be”
Training
Practice
Feedback
Remove Punishment
Install Rewards
Make it Matter
Remove Obstacles
From “Analyzing
performance problems: Or
you really oughta wanna”
by Mager and Pipe.
4. ...................
Dey Dos
Ability
Clarity & Confidence
Help & Support
Incentive & Motivation
Evaluation
Validity
Environment
The model
identifies the seven
key factors that
influence
performance.
5. ...................
Dey Dos
It helps to:
Evaluate how each factor affects or will affect the
performance of a person on a given task and
then select the solution that better fits the causes.
Determine possible causes of
performance problems.
Develop solutions.
6. ...................
Dey Dos
• Performance planning: Setting goals and
directions for VPs, OCPs, Team Leaders and
Members at the beginning of a planned period
and developing plans for achieving these goals.
• Coaching: Day-to-day feedback and
development activities aimed at enhancing
performance.
• Performance review: Overall evaluation of
performance for the specific planned period.
Performance management, in terms of this
model, includes three major functions:
7. ...................
Dey Dos
Possible Causes Possible Solutions
Knowledge and
transferable skills to
complete the task
successfully; experience;
aptitudes.
Ability
Education and training;
transition; conferences;
coaching; shadowing;
reassignment of
responsibilities; guided
practice.
8. ...................
Dey Dos
Possible Causes Possible Solutions
Understanding; knowledge
of what, when, how; role
clarity (job description).
Goals or objectives.
Standards.
Priorities.
Self-assuredness.
Clarity & Confidence
Performance-planning talks and
agreements; revised JD.
Review goals and objectives.
Review standards.
Discussions; manuals; internal or
external experts.
Coaching; positive reinforcement.
9. ...................
Dey Dos
Possible Causes Possible Solutions
To get the job done (too little
or too much).
From: Manager, other
functional areas, peers, team
members or people under his/
her leadership.
Help & Support
More time, adequate budget,
equipment, facilities, people,
information, management
training, coaching, supervision
(less or more), focused meetings,
cooperation, support, revised
objectives.
10. ...................
Dey Dos
Possible Causes Possible Solutions
Rewards (“What is in it for me?”);
willingness to complete specific
tasks successfully.
Positive reinforcement;
commitment.
Incentive & Motivation
Understand what motivates each
person; how or do rewards relate
to consequences?
Positive reinforcement;
appreciation; better use of
rewards; eliminate undesirable
consequences of good work.
11. ...................
Dey Dos
Possible Causes Possible Solutions
Performance feedback and
coaching (none, negative, rare).
Clear performance criteria and
methods of measurement.
Evaluation
Plan regular feedback,
informal as well as formal;
coaching; reinforce positive
behavior.
Establish criteria for success
and methods to measure.
12. ...................
Dey Dos
Possible Causes Possible Solutions
Fair practices. Perceived
fairness; established criteria.
Task legitimacy. Results
orientation; JD.
Appropriate and consistent
leadership behavior.
Validity
Policies regarding selection,
training, evaluation & recognition.
Establish performance-oriented
criteria; written evaluation; review
standards or results to be achieved.
Leaders decisions checked against
guidelines and policies.
13. ...................
Dey Dos
Possible Causes Possible Solutions
(Internal): appropriate JD; reward
system; leadership style;
organizational culture; office.
(External): Market conditions,
competition, legal framework,
potential customers and
marketability of activity.
Environment
Openly discuss implications and
co-create with your people.
Take into consideration when
planning; always define market
value and then value proposition.
Reassess standards and goals.