Sarah L. Catz; Center for Urban Infrastructure

1. Reducing Greenhouse Gas Emissions
Transportation & Design Initiatives
Sarah L. Catz
Center for Urban Infrastructure
Institute of Transportation Studies and
University of California, Irvine
UCTC

2. California’s Rapid Growth
By 2030, CA is projected to
hold over 15% of the U.S.
population, approximately
50 million people, an increase
of 13.5 million or 37%.
CA currently has 3 out of the 5
most congested urban areas in
the USA:
–Los Angeles (#1)
–San Francisco-Oakland (#2)
–San Diego (#5)

3. POLLUTION
Congestion costs CA approximately $20 billion per year in
extra fuel and lost time, and congestion is increasing by an
average of 10% per year
CA is the 12th largest source of greenhouse gas (GHG)
emissions on the planet, with emissions rising by 15.1% during
1990-2004
CA has recognized this problem and enacted legislation, AB
32 and SB375.
41% of the State’s emissions come from the transportation
sector

4. National Fuel Cell Research Center
Facilitates the Development & Deployment of
fuel cell technology and fuel cell systems
Dedicated in 1998 by the US Department of
Energy and California Energy Commission
First university fuel cell research program
established in United States

5. Fuel Cells & Hydrogen
Fuel Cells are Similar to Batteries
--- Batteries store energy while fuel cells can produce electricity continuously as
long as fuel and air are supplied
Electrochemically combine a fuel (typically hydrogen)
and an oxidant without burning and emitting pollution.
– When used to deliver energy, hydrogen produces zero or very low emissions.
Emissions from a hydrogen fuel cell-powered vehicle
contain only water vapor.
– Hydrogen today can be produced efficiently from natural gas as well as no-
petroleum sources.
– Hydrogen emerging as principal candidate to meet the needs of next-
generation transportation systems

6. Hydrogen Fueling Station
Orange County Grand Opening 2 years
ago
First in CA capable of dispensing
hydrogen at 10,000 pounds per square
inch– can double a car’s driving range.
Capacity of 25 Kilograms of Hydrogen
per day– 5 to 10 fill-ups
3 to 6 minutes to fuel a vehicle

7. UC Irvine Hydrogen Station
Station Details
Air Products, Series 200
Publicly accessible
(Users have 24-hour access with a pin code)
350 bar & 700 bar gaseous hydrogen dispensing
25kg/a day dispensing capacity
User friendly, retail-like design

8. Hydrogen Utilization
• Fuel cell replaces
Hydrogen fuel cell vehicles the engine
• Gasoline is
replaced
with hydrogen
Doubles
Efficiency
FC H2 H 20
Zero Emission

9. Project Driveway
General Motors’ Program to familiarize
fuel cell vehicles with public
Applications for Drivers in Washington,
DC, Westchester County, NY and Orange
County, CA
Drive car for free for three months
43 mpg
170 miles per tank

10. Additional Fuel Cell Programs
Ford
– 30 fuel cell Focus compacts around the world
BMW
– 25 Hydrogen 7 cars
Honda
– Projecting 2018-2020 in showrooms
General Motors
– Projecting 2010-2011

11. Plug-in Vehicles
PLUG-IN HYBRID
• The secondary battery is larger
• The vehicle can plug into a socket to charge
the battery from the electrical power grid
• Vehicle has some all electric range

12. Battery All-Electric Vehicles
• Zero emission vehicles
• Vehicle sharing
program: “ZEV∙NET”
• Large battery pack for
all electric range
• Ideal for integration
with mass transit systems

13. Daimler
2010 Smart for Two EV

14. FORD
2010 –Transit EV
2011 –Focus launch

15. GM Chevy
2010 –Volt EV

16. Volkswagen/Audi
2011 Toureg PHEV
2013- E-UP! EV

17. BMW
2009 – Mini EV Trial

18. Driving Forces –Governmental
Incentives
U.S.
•$25B Advanced Technology Vehicles Manufacturing
Loan program from the DOE; $2B economic stimulus
program for battery development –to put 1 million EV
on the road by 2015 (President Barack Obama)
•Stimulus grants awarded to date to Ford ($5.9B),
Nissan ($1.6B), Tesla ($0.5B)
China
•Funding to raise annual production capacity to
500,000 EV by the end of 2011
France
•$3.68B for 2 million electric cars on the road, and
1million charging points in place by 2020

19. Other Countries
Japan – Funding to guarantee that half of
all cars sold by 2020 will be electric
Spain - $360M funding to put 1 million
electric cars on the road by 2014
UK - $400M incentive program for
buyers of electric cars
Germany - $705M stimulus funding to put
1 million electric cars on the road by
2020.

20. Intelligent Transportation
Systems (ITS)
Information Technology
•Location Detection and Information
•Real Time Traffic Information
•Smart Signage/Kiosks
•Software that will connect vehicles to
smart charging and to transportation
information
•Crash Prevention
•Social Networking

21. I DRIVE GREEN
www.ecodrivingusa.com
Project aims to create 250,000 greener
drivers by 2010
Three tips to be a greener driver
– Simple maintenance of car
– Drive with Finesse– avoid stop-starting
– Learn what your bad habits are– online
courses on good habits taught by race car
drivers
EcoGyser

22. Wind Farm

23. Stirling Solar Dish

24. Thank you