TAC-toxics-in-vermont

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Toxics In Vermont
A Town-by-Town Profile
141 Main Street, Suite 6 – Montpelier, VT 05602
Phone (802) 223-4099 – fax (802) 223-6855
info@toxicsaction.org – toxicsaction.org

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Toxics In Vermont
A Town-by-Town Profile
January 2011
Report Author
Jessica Edgerly, Vermont State Director, Toxics Action Center
Henna Shaikh, Toxics Action Center
Mapping
Lauren DeMars, University of Vermont
Ryan Emerson, Toxics Action Center
Report Advisor
Meredith Small, Executive Director, Toxics Action Center
141 Main Street, Suite 6
Montpelier, VT 05602
phone (802) 223-4099
fax (802) 223-6855
info@toxicsaction.org
toxicsaction.org
About Toxics Action Center
Toxics Action Center organizes with residents working to prevent or clean up pollution in their communities.
Since 1987, Toxics Action Center has helped more than 650 communities clean up hazardous waste sites,
decrease industrial pollution, curb pesticide spraying, and oppose the siting of dangerous waste, energy and
industrial facilities. When the government won’t take action and the company denies that there is a problem,
Toxics Action Center is a resource for residents concerned with pollution in their neighborhood. We provide
residents with information about environmental laws, strategies for organizing, a network of activists around
the region, and access to legal and technical experts. Toxics Action Center is funded by donations from

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concerned citizens and grants from private foundations. This financial support enables us to provide our
services free of charge to communities facing pollution threats.

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Table of Contents
Acknowledgements and Preface…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………4
Introduction to Toxics in Vermont..……..……………………………………………………………………………….…………….........5
Summary Map of Vermont Toxic Sites………………………………………….…………………………………………………..……….7
Recommendations………...…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….….. 8
Take Action with an Environmental Organization…………………………………………………………………………………… 11
Overviews and Maps:
Air Pollution Point Sources………………………………………………………………………………………………..…………..12
Electricity Generators…………………………………………………………………..………………………………………………. 16
Hazardous Waste Generators…………………………………………………………………………….........................…. 19
Hazardous Waste Sites……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….….21
Superfund Sites……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..……………… 23
Active and Inactive Landfills…………………………………………………………………………………………………...……..25
Water Dischargers……………………………………………………………………….…………………................................ 27
Underground Storage Tanks……………………………………………………………………...……….………………………… 29
Legal and Illegal Salvage Yards……………………………………………………………………………………....................31
Appendix A: Toxic Sites by County and Town
Addison County……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..33
Bennington County………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..40
Caledonia County…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..49
Chittenden County…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………56
Essex County………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….76
Franklin County…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 79
Grand Isle County…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..87
Lamoille County……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..89
Orange County……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….94
Orleans County…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 100
Rutland County…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….108
Washington County……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..122
Windham County…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………134
Windsor County………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 147
Appendix B: Map: Landfills Closed Before 1988……………………………………………………………………………………….148

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Acknowledgements
Toxics Action Center would like to thank the Canaday Charitable Trust for their support of this report.
Thanks also to residents across Vermont who have organized to protect public health and the environment and to
our members for your generous support of our work to clean up and prevent pollution throughout the state.
Preface
Toxics in Vermont: A Town-by-Town Profile is an easy-to-use source of information about many types of toxic sources
and sites in Vermont. For each town this report lists:
Air Pollution Point Sources
Electricity Generators
Hazardous Waste Generators
Hazardous Waste Sites
Superfund Sites
Active and Inactive Landfills
Water Dischargers
Underground Storage Tanks
Legal and Illegal Salvage Yards
Toxics in Vermont: A Town-by-Town Profile contains the most current data available at the time of printing; therefore
readers must keep in mind that the information presented in the report may not be completely up to date.
More information about specific communities or specific types of toxic pollution can be found by contacting the sources
of this information directly or by contacting Toxics Action Center at (802) 223-4099 or info@toxicsaction.org.

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Introduction to Toxics in Vermont
Vermont is a one of the smallest states in the country, measured by either geography or population. Both
Vermont’s Western and Eastern borders are defined by waterways. Lake Champlain, one of the largest inland
lakes in the nation, creates Vermont’s Western border. The Connecticut River creates the state’s Eastern
border with New Hampshire. Vermont’s most defining feature, however, are the Green Mountains for which
it’s named, which create a spine down the center of the state.
Through the 1880’s much of Vermont’s forest land was cleared for sheep farms. But today, three-quarters of
the state is forested and cows have replaced sheep. Vermont’s cows produce nearly half of the milk drunk in
New England1
. Maple sugaring is another well known and significant agricultural industry in Vermont. In fact
Vermont produces the most maple syrup of any state. Vermont’s bucolic landscape, quaint town centers, and
famed ski slopes attract millions of tourists to the state every year.
Vermont’s beautiful landscape makes it easy to forget that the same kinds and classes of chemicals we learned
about from Rachel Carson, Love Canal, Woburn, and Cancer Alley are still in use today and threaten the safety
of the water we drink, the air we breathe, and the land we live on. Vermont is dotted with toxic sources and
sites:
272 industries release pollutants into the air under state permits
477 hazardous waste generators produce approximately 2.5 million pounds of hazardous waste each
year
13 plants generate power from fossil fuels, wood waste, or nuclear power
1421 hazardous waste sites dot the state. Of these 102, or 1 in every 2-3 Vermont towns, is on the
high priority list
11 toxic sites make the National Priority List, or Superfund.
33 facilities discharge water under state permits into rivers and lakes.
88 active and inactive landfills are currently tracked by the state. Appendix B shows the hundreds of
old, unlined landfills closed before 1988 when the current solid waste management law went into
effect.
Approximately 3500 underground storage tanks hold gasoline, oil, and other fuels.
215 illegally operating salvage yards threaten the environment and draw down property values.
Thirty years ago when people thought of protecting the environment they thought of picking up litter and
about protecting our wilderness and wildlife. Yet in the late 1970s, toxic contamination at Love Canal near
Niagara Falls, New York, a nuclear accident at Three Mile Island in Pennsylvania, and a leukemia cluster in
Woburn, Massachusetts, made national news. Unfortunately, these tragedies were not isolated incidents, and
Vermont has its own toxic legacy that will take decades to fully clean up.
Despite significant threats to public health and the environment, we have an opportunity to protect and
improve the quality of life in Vermont. The good news is that resources exist that could be allocated to
protect public health. Additionally, local decision-making power in towns and cities allows communities to
take action when state bureaucracy is unresponsive or lacks sufficient resources to enforce the law.

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Across the state local community groups are forming to push for the clean up of these polluting sites. In
Milton, Williamstown, Sharon, Strafford, and Georgia citizens’ groups are working with the town officials to
force cleanups of salvage yards that spill junked cars into streams and pile tires high. In Cabot, Whey to Go is
pushing AgriMark (the owners of Cabot Creamery) to live up to its green name and stop the practice of
spraying industrial wastewater on agricultural fields. In Rupert, parents are working with local farmers to
protect elementary school children from toxic pesticide exposure. In Williston, Lead Free Williston is
demanding better of their neighbor, a shooting range. The range is now beginning to take responsibility for
the decades of lead shot on their land.
This report identifies the toxic sites in Vermont that threaten our environment and our health and calls on our
state leaders to aggressively act to achieve a safe and toxics-free Vermont.

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Recommendations
Retire Vermont Yankee and Replace it with Energy Efficiency and Renewables Development
Vermont boasts one of the oldest nuclear plants and the largest, per capita, store of nuclear waste in the nation. As
Vermont Yankee has aged, it has experienced numerous leaks, collapses, cracks, and other failures that threaten the
safety of the groundwater and the nearby Connecticut River and the health of surrounding communities. Vermont’s
wind, solar, micro-hydro, and cow power, combined with continued efficiency measures, could easily replace the power
the state currently draws from Vermont Yankee2
. In order to protect Vermonters, Vermont Yankee should close down
on time in 2012, as recommended by the 2010 Vermont Senate vote. Meanwhile, Vermont should increase its
investment in renewable energy development and in energy efficiency to meet Vermont’s energy needs without
threatening the health of Vermonters or the environment.
Vermont boasts an internationally renowned energy efficiency program. Vermont needs to continue to build from
success and grow its investment in Efficiency Vermont. Current investment is slowly but steadily decreasing the state’s
electricity demands each year3
. Increased investment in the program is needed to maximize energy efficiency efforts
and save Vermonters more on their electric bills. For the remainder of the state’s electricity needs, Vermont should rely
on renewable energy sources. Vermont’s potential for wind, solar, micro-hydro, and cow power far surpass the state’s
current needs. Vermont should create a statewide plan to develop the needed renewable energy to meet the state’s
need. Using only a small portion of its renewable energy potential, Vermont could produce 100% of its energy from
renewable sources within 20 years4
.
Reduce Industrial Toxic Chemical Use
The “lifecycle” of industrial chemical use poses threats to residents, workers, and consumers. The risks stem from
potential accidents, spills, emissions, worker handling, waste disposal, toxins in products, and product disposal.
In 1991, the Vermont Legislature passed Act 100 (The State Pollution Prevention Planning Law; 10V.S.A. §§6624-6632) to
help eliminate or reduce toxic chemical use at the source, to reduce toxics entering the environment, and to document
these reductions for government and the public. Under Act 100, companies that use or generate large amounts of toxic
chemicals must submit technologically and economically feasible toxic reduction plans to the Department of
Environmental Conservation every 3 years and performance reports every year. The performance report and, for must
businesses, a plan summary then become public documents. Additionally, companies must pay an annual fee for each
toxic substance used or generated, up to a maximum amount. Despite these requirements, Act 100 ultimately gives
these companies complete discretion to reduce toxics generation and use or not.
To meet its own toxics elimination goals, we suggest Act 100 be amended to:
 Include a complete ban on the use of toxic substances for which there are safer alternatives
 Remove fee caps for toxics users and generators, such as the $1500 limit for large users of toxics
 Incentivize companies to reduce the amount of each toxin used or generated (not just the number of toxics), by
requiring companies to pay a fee per pound of toxic chemical used or generated
 Give both government and the public decision-making power to change the practices of companies unwilling to
voluntarily comply with toxics reduction.
Assure Appropriate Cleanup of Hazardous Waste Sites
Hazardous waste sites can pose a health threat due to direct exposure or contamination of water or soil. According to
the Agency of Natural Resources, there are approximately 1421 active hazardous waste sites in this state, up from
approximately 1360 in 2003.
The United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the State of Vermont have regulations regarding the
identification, listing, storage, and cleanup of hazardous waste sites. The State must establish timelines to ensure that

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these sites are cleaned up in a timely manner. However, the timelines established and the scope of the clean up
performed do not adequately protect human health or the environment. For example, at one such high priority site,
Parkway Cleaners in Hartford, neighbors still await a cleanup despite the Agency of Natural Resources identifying levels
of dry cleaning solvent many times the legal limit eight years ago. According to ANR, only thirteen of the state’s
hazardous sites have received certificates of closure. In order to protect human health, the environment, and property
values, the Agency of Natural Resources should establish timelines for the remaining cleanups and adhere to them.
Similarly, the Attorney General should aggressively pursue legal action against polluters to hold them responsible for
their messes.
Additionally, a public participation process is virtually absent from hazardous site clean ups. To ensure neighbors have a
say in the scope and timeline of a hazardous site cleanup and review the cleanup process, a formal public participation
program should be established.
Rewrite the Solid Waste Plan in order to Maximize Waste Reduction and Move Toward Zero Waste
Vermonters throw away approximately one ton of trash per person each year. Of that, only about 30% is recycled. With
70% of its discarded materials wasted to landfills and incinerators, Vermont falls far behind cities and provinces such as
San Francisco, Nova Scotia, and Nantucket which have achieved recycling rates of 70 to even 90% using the zero waste
model.
Vermont’s abysmal recycling rate not only wastes energy and natural resources but threatens human health and the
environment. According to the EPA, all landfills eventually leak and the toxins they leak can contaminate drinking water
supplies. Incinerators release dioxins, heavy metals, particulates, and other toxins into the air. These air pollutants have
been linked to birth defects, asthma, respiratory disease, and cancer. Vermont needs to continue to take steps away
from burning and burying its trash, which pollutes air and water and threatens public health. Implementing the zero
waste model in Vermont would both avoid the long term environmental and public health threat that burning and
burying waste poses and create jobs in the reuse, repair, composting, and recycling sectors.
Zero waste includes 'recycling' but goes beyond it by taking a 'whole system' approach to the vast flow of resources and
waste through society. Zero waste maximizes recycling, minimizes waste, reduces consumption and ideally ensures that
products are made to be reused, repaired or recycled back into nature or the marketplace. Economic incentives should
promote closed-loops, bringing consumers’ discards back to manufacturers and contractors to reprocess and reuse. .
Vermont should adopt a zero waste goal and re-write the state solid waste plan to reflect that goal. Specific policies
include updating the Bottle Bill to include water bottles and designer sports drinks, mandating Pay As You Throw
programs statewide to incentivize recycling, implementing commercial and residential composting programs, building
waste reduction infrastructure such as a sorting and processing center for construction waste, and passing extended
producer responsibility policies for toxic or hard-to-recycle materials.
Reduce Pesticide Exposures and Phase Out Pesticide Use
Pesticides are chemicals deliberately added to our environment to kill living things and are, therefore, toxic by design.
Pesticides have been linked to a growing list of public health problems, including cancer, reproductive harm, and genetic
damage. According to the Vermont Department of Agriculture, commercial applicators applied an estimated 225,442
pounds of pesticides in 2008. This number quantifies only active ingredients within pesticides, and does take into
account pesticides purchased and used by homeowners. This figure represents a decrease of approximately 217,023
pounds since 2007 and 992,916 pounds since 2001. However, these decreases don’t tell the whole story, but mostly
reflect the fluctuations of one company. OMYA’s mine in Florence, VT used 81,488 pounds of pesticides in 2008, down
from 298,533 in 2007. Additionally, OMYA’s switch from a pesticide with 100% active ingredients to 20% active
ingredients in 2005 explains the significant drop since 2001. When removing OMYA from the equation, overall pesticide
use actually went up, from 143,932 pounds in 2007 to 144,953 pounds in 2008, and pesticide use on corn alone
increased from 84,693 pounds in 2007 to 85,402 pounds in 2008.

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Pesticides are currently only regulated in Vermont through a patchwork of use-specific regulations, which fail to address
questions about cumulative exposures arising from repeated pesticide use in different settings as well as concerns about
exposure to pesticides during critical periods of childhood development. The state should enact legislation, requiring:
 Notification of use & use reporting
 Support for helping farmers convert to pesticide alternatives
 Schools, daycares, hospitals, and the State of Vermont stop using pesticides in their buildings and on their
property
 Pesticide-free buffer zones around surface water, schools, daycares, and hospitals
 Ban the persistent and most toxic pesticides from use in Vermont
Improve Water Quality
Clean, fresh water is a critical resource for Vermont. Vermont’s 7100 miles of rivers and streams, over 800 lakes and
ponds, and 300,000 acres of wetlands provide drinking water for millions of people and serve as an economic resource
for residents and tourists5
. The state’s 2008 Water Quality Assessment indicates that Vermont’s waters continue to be
threatened: 11% of rivers and streams, 36% of Vermont’s inland lakes and ponds, and all of Lake Champlain are listed as
impaired and do not fully support designated uses. For example, fish from Lake Champlain cannot be safely eaten
because of dangerous levels of mercury and PCBs in their tissue.
The way that Vermonters live and work has profound impacts on the state’s water quality. Leaking septic systems,
fertilizer and manure run-off from farmland, and urban stormwater run-off containing automotive fluids, lawn
chemicals, pet waste, and sediment also threaten Vermont’s aquatic environment. Groundwater is threatened by over
1,400 hazardous waste sites, 33 water dischargers, active and closed landfills, underground storage tanks, polluting
junkyards, and pesticide application. The State of Vermont needs to take initiative to ensure that water sources meet
current water quality standards and proactively work to prevent future contamination of ground water. Polluters not
meeting water discharge regulations must be held accountable. Vermonters should be assured that they can safely
swim, fish, and drink the state’s water. In addition, the state should support the Clean Water Restoration Act at the
federal level to strengthen the Clean Water Act and ensure that water quality is protected. This bill would restore Clean
Water Act protections weakened over the last decade to protect all waterways.
Clean Up Polluting Salvage Yards
A recent statewide survey discovered over 200 illegally operating junkyards across Vermont, many along rivers and
streams. While legally operating salvage yards provide an essential service to communities – recycling metal, providing
used parts, and safely disposing of toxic materials from old cars – illegally operating yards are a threat to human health
and the environment. Lead from car batteries, antifreeze, Freon, and other toxins from rusting out vehicles can easily
contaminate soil and water.
The state of Vermont recently passed several laws strengthening the environmental regulation of salvage yards and
establishing a program at the Agency of Natural Resources to administer those new standards, including specific
setbacks from waterways, drinking water wells, and wetlands. The state as well as Vermont’s towns and cities need to
move quickly to implement and enforce the new regulations to avoid lengthy and expensive cleanups in the long run.
Specifically, towns should locate unregistered salvage yards within their borders and move through the process of
issuing or denying a certificate of location. Once a town has decided on the appropriateness of a location, the state
Salvage Yard Program should work with the salvage yard owner to ensure the facility is meeting all of Vermont’s relevant
environmental rules. Similarly, if the operation is larger than 1 acre, the Act 250 Regional Commission may need to
administer its permitting procedure.

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Take Action with an Environmental
Organization
Toxics Action Center provides assistance to residents working to prevent or clean up toxic hazards in their communities.
Since 1987, Toxics Action Center has helped over 650 communities clean up hazardous waste sites, reduce the use of
industrial toxicants, decrease industrial pollution, curb pesticide spraying, and oppose the siting of dangerous facilities.
When the government won’t take action and the polluting company denies a problem, we are a resource for residents
concerned with toxic hazards in their communities. We provide residents with information about environmental laws,
strategies for organizing, a network of activists throughout the state, and access to legal and technical experts. For
more information on the programs available through Toxics Action Center visit: www.toxicsaction.org
The organizations listed below offer additional opportunities to learn about and get involved with environmental,
environmental justice, and community action issues. They represent a sampling of environmental and health
organizations in Vermont.
American Lung Association of New England
Audubon Society
Beyond Pesticides
Center for Biological Diversity
Citizens Awareness Network
Conservation Law Foundation
Corporate Accountability International
Democracy for America
Efficiency Vermont
Forest Watch
Green Century Funds
Green Mountain Club
Health Care Without Harm
Informed Green Solutions
Mad River Neighborhood Association
MoveOn.org
National Wildlife Federation
Nature Conservancy of Vermont
Northeast Organic Farmers Association
Nuclear Free VT in 2012
Public Health Association
Planned Parenthood of Northern New England
River Network
Rural Vermont
Safe and Green
Smart Growth Vermont
True Majority
Trust for Public Lands
Vermont League of Conservation Voters
Vermont Natural Resources Council
Vermont Public Interest Research Group (VPIRG)
Vermont Sierra Club
Vermont Youth Conservation Corps
Vermonters for a Clean Environment
Voices for Vermont’s Children

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Air Pollution Point Sources
Introduction
Air contaminants are regulated in Vermont by the Air Pollution Control Division (APCD) of the Department of
Environmental Conservation (DEC). The APCD develops Vermont’s State Implementation Plan (SIP), which
details how the state will attain and maintain national Ambient Air Quality Standards established under the
Clean Air Act.6
These Ambient Air Quality Standards limit six common air pollutants, known as “criteria pollutants”. In
addition to these criteria pollutants, Vermont regulates hazardous air contaminants (HACs) and volatile
organic compounds (VOCs).
Regulations are instated according to two types of standards:
Primary standards are based on public health, including the health of sensitive populations such as
asthmatics, children, and the elderly
Secondary standards are limits based on public welfare, including protection of the environment and
property
Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs):
Volatile organic compounds are carbon-based compounds that undergo chemical reactions when exposed to
sunlight in the atmosphere. VOCs are emitted from common household products and are therefore associated
with air pollution indoors. Thousands of VOC sources exist, but some of the most common emitters include
paints, cleaning supplies and disinfectants, office equipment such as copiers and printers, glues and adhesives,
and photographic solutions. The health effects of VOCs vary widely depending on the toxicity of particular
chemicals, as well as the length and level of exposure. Symptoms of exposure can include eye and respiratory
tract irritation, headaches, dizziness, visual disorders, and memory impairment. Some VOCs can cause cancer.
EPA manages an Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS), which citizens can use to better understand the
risks posed by specific VOCs.7
Carefully following instructions on product labels, buying products in limited quantities, and ensuring that old
or partially used chemicals are properly disposed of can help to reduce the health risks associated with VOCs.8
Hazardous Air Contaminants (HACs):
Hazardous Air Contaminants, also known as air toxics, include dust, fumes, mist, smoke, vapor, gas, odorous
substances, or any combination of the preceding that may be harmful to human, animal, or plant health, or to
property. The Clean Air Act lists 188 HACs, which usually come from industrial chemicals, solvents, metals,
pesticides, and combustion by-products. The Vermont APCD has outlined a “Top 10” list of these HACs, which
includes pollutants that exceed Vermont’s Hazardous Ambient Air Standard or pose a special concern to the
public.9
Acetaldehyde is a byproduct of combustion and industrial processes and is also found in cigarette
smoke. Exposure can cause eye, nose and throat irritation; cough; central nervous system depression;
and delayed pulmonary edema (NIOSH). Acetaldehyde has been classified by EPA as a Probable Human
Carcinogen.
Benzene is emitted primarily from motor vehicle exhaust and from combustion in industrial processes.
Exposure can depress the central nervous system and cause dizziness, drowsiness, rapid heart rate,

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headaches, tremors, confusion, and unconsciousness, but symptoms usually end shortly after exposure
ends. However, Benzene is still classified by EPA as a Known Human Carcinogen.
1,3-Butadiene is emitted from motor vehicles. Exposure can irritate the eyes, nose, and throat,
damage the central nervous system, and cause blurred vision, nausea, fatigue, headache, decreased
blood pressure and pulse, and unconsciousness. EPA classifies 1,3-Butadiene has been classified as a
Probable Human Carcinogen.
Carbon Tetrachloride is likely a transported pollutant that comes from products that have now been
taken off the market. Exposure may affect the liver, kidney and brain. Carbon tetrachloride has been
classified as a Probable Human Carcinogen by EPA.
Chloroform is probably a transported pollutant that comes from chlorine used in pulp and paper mills
and wastewater treatment plants. It may damage the liver and kidneys, and has been classified by EPA
as a Probable Human Carcinogen.
Formaldehyde is a byproduct of combustion and is produced by atmospheric reactions of other
pollutants. Exposure can irritate the eyes, nose, and throat, and EPA classifies it as a Probable Human
Carcinogen.
Methylene Chloride is likely a transported pollutant released from chlorinated swimming pools and
wood burning processes. Exposure may affect heart rate and blood pressure as well as the liver,
kidney, nervous system, and reproductive system.
Tetrachlorethylene is emitted by waste incinerators, dry cleaning facilities, and by industries that use it
as a solvent. Exposure to elevated amounts causes adverse health effects, but no sufficient evidence
shows the same effects upon exposure to ambient levels.
Mercury is emitted into the atmosphere by sources like waste incinerators. Exposure has harmful
effects on the brain, nervous system, skin, kidneys, and liver.
Styrene is emitted from motor vehicles, auto body shops, and industries. Exposure may irritate the
mucous membranes of the eyes, nose, and throat.
Criteria Pollutants:
Carbon Monoxide
Emissions are primarily associated with motor vehicles and other non-road equipment. The health effects of
carbon monoxide are most serious for those suffering from cardiovascular diseases; however, even healthy
individuals are susceptible, since high carbon monoxide concentrations affect the body’s ability to deliver
oxygen to the brain and organs. Consequently the central nervous system, including visual tracking, learning
ability, and dexterity can be affected. Carbon monoxide also exacerbates asthma, and, in very high
concentrations, it may cause death.10
Nitrogen Oxides, primarily Nitrogen Dioxide
Nitrogen oxides mainly come from motor vehicle exhaust and fossil fuel burning. Health effects due to low
concentrations include eye, nose, throat, and lung irritation, as well as shortness of breath and tiredness.
Inhaling air with high concentrations can cause damage of the respiratory tract, a buildup of fluid in the lungs,
reduced oxygenation of tissues, and possibly death. Nitrogen oxides can react with ammonia and other
substances in the air to form particulate matter, which can penetrate the lungs and bloodstream, leading to
effects outlined below. Nitrogen oxides impact the environment when they react in air to form nitric acid,
which is a major constituent of acid rain, and ozone, which contributes to smog buildup.11
Sulfur Dioxide
Sulfur dioxide is mainly released into the air from fossil fuel burning. The health effects of exposure to high
levels include breathing difficulties and burning of the nose and throat. Asthmatics are often sensitive to low

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concentrations of sulfur dioxide. Like nitrogen oxides, sulfur dioxide also reacts in air to form particulate
matter.12
Lead
Lead is emitted into the air mainly by non-road equipment, industrial processes, and fossil fuel burning. The
health effects of inhaling lead are the same as those of ingesting lead. Lead acts via the nervous system, and
therefore affects nearly all of the body’s organs. The kidneys, brain, immune system, and cardiovascular
system are particularly susceptible. Lead decreases the oxygen carrying capacity of blood and can cause high
blood pressure and anemia. High levels of exposure can affect reproduction in men and women. Young
children are especially sensitive to low levels of lead, and may display behavioral problems, learning deficits,
and a lowered IQ due to exposure. Once deposited in the environment, lead accumulates in soils and
sediments. Ecosystems near lead point sources display a loss of biodiversity as well as neurological effects in
vertebrates.13
Ozone
The ozone that naturally forms 10 to 30 miles above the earth’s surface is good ozone that protects against
the sun’s harmful rays. However, ground level ozone, created by a reaction between nitrogen oxides and
volatile organic compounds in the presence of sunlight, contributes significantly to smog and is implicated in
health effects such as airway irritation, chest pain, coughing, and wheezing. Ozone aggravates asthma and
makes respiratory illnesses, such as pneumonia and bronchitis, more likely. With repeated exposure,
permanent scars to lung tissue may occur. The skin can also experience sunburn like inflammation. Ozone
pollution is worsened in the summer, since sunlight and hot weather cause more ground-level ozone to
form.14
Particulate Matter
Particulate matter refers to tiny particles and liquid droplets that form in the air from various components,
including nitrates, sulfates, and dust particles. Smaller particles pose greater risks to health, since these can
penetrate into the lungs and even enter the bloodstream. Particulate matter can aggravate asthma, impair
lung function, and lead to the development of chronic bronchitis or emphysema, irregular heartbeat, and
nonfatal heart attacks. People with preexisting heart or lung disease are most susceptible, but even healthy
individuals can experience temporary symptoms with elevated exposure. In the environment, particulate
matter is implicated in haze, reducing visibility. Particles can be carried by wind to settle in faraway land or
water, making lakes and streams acidic and altering nutrient balances in soils and water. Property can also be
stained or damaged by particulate matter.15
Toxic Map: Air Pollution Point Sources
The accompanying map shows air polluting sites in Vermont. EPA tracks the air pollution trends for each of the
six “criteria pollutants” using two methods:
Air concentrations of the pollutants are measured at selected monitoring sites throughout the
country.
Emissions of the pollutants annually are estimated based on the engineering of their initial point
sources.
In addition, the Vermont APCD tracks air pollution, including VOCs and HACs, based emitting sources and air
concentrations. Tracking sites exist in Brattleboro, Rutland, Burlington, Underhill, and Lyndonville.16
Sources used for Air Pollution Point Source Toxic Map:
http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/ef_home2.air
(Search parameters are "[COUNTY NAME], VT")

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Map: Air Pollution Point Sources

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Electricity Generation
Introduction
As of 2008 electricity generation in Vermont can be broken down as follows:17
• 71.8% Nuclear Power
• 21.9% Hydroelectric Power
• 6.2% Other Renewable Sources (wood, wood waste, and wind)
• 0.1% Petroleum and Natural Gas Fired
Though nuclear power accounts for most of Vermont’s energy generation, it accounts for a much smaller
fraction of Vermont’s energy consumption. Most of the nuclear power that Vermont generates is exported;
only about a third of it is used within the state.
Electricity consumption in Vermont is based largely imported power, with about a third coming from Hydro-
Quebec in Canada and most of the remaining third coming from other market purchases. Instate hydroelectric
plants, the McNeil Generating Station in Burlington, and instate thermal projects serve about 15% of
Vermont’s electricity demand. 18
Total energy consumption in Vermont is the lowest of any US State.
Nuclear Power
Today Vermont generates a higher proportion of its electricity from nuclear power than does any other
state.19
Vermont Yankee is the sole provider of this power.
Reliance on nuclear power poses potential hazards to public health and the environment. There is no long-
term plan for the safe storage of radioactive waste from nuclear reactors. More than 1 million pounds of
radioactive waste generated so far by Vermont Yankee sits on site in concrete dry casks. An accident while
transporting the waste or operating the reactor would release radioactive emissions into the air and water.
The resulting high dose radiation exposure could cause burns, hair loss, nausea, weakness, and even death.
Continued low dose radiation exposure exists even without such an accident and has been linked to increased
rates of cancers and birth defects.20
Fossil Fuels
Vermont is one of only two states that do not have coal-fired power plants. Instead, electricity generation
from fossil fuels primarily uses petroleum and a very small amount of natural gas.21
Petroleum combustion
releases nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides, and unburned hydrocarbons. Nitrogen oxides and sulfur oxides
contribute to acid rain, which makes many rivers and lakes too acidic to sustain plant and animal life and also
affects crops and buildings. Once emitted into the air, nitrogen oxides react with hydrocarbons to form smog,
which can cause respiratory problems and is also implicated in crop reductions.22
Renewable Energy Sources
About a quarter of the electricity that Vermont generates comes from renewable sources. These sources
primarily include small-scale hydro-electric power plants, with other contributions from wind, solar, and
biomass. Only a minimal release of toxins is associated with the setup of these renewable energy sources, and,
once established, they do not release harmful substances into the air and water.
Vermont has much potential for expanding its renewable energy generation to accommodate in-state
electricity consumption. As outlined in VPIRG’s latest energy report, by 2032 Vermont could be getting 28% of

18
its electricity from wind farms, 16% from biomass or wood-fired plants, 15% from solar power, 6% from
hydroelectric facilities, and 6% from farm and landfill methane projects with the remaining third coming from
Hydro-Quebec and the regional market.23
Toxics Map: Pollutant Emitting Electricity Plants
The points on the map to the right indicate electricity plants that emit pollutants in Vermont. These include all
fossil fuel burning plants as well as Vermont Yankee and McNeil Generating Station, which uses biomass and
wood waste to generate electricity.24
Renewable energy sources are not included.
Sources used for Electricity Plant Map:
http://www.eia.doe.gov/cneaf/electricity/st_profiles/vermont.html

19
Map: Electricity Generators

20
Hazardous Waste Generators
Introduction
The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) defines a Hazardous Waste Generator as "any person or site
whose processes or actions create hazardous waste”.25
These often include auto body shops, manufacturing
industries, print industries, electric utilities, and commercial hazardous waste treatment facilities. EPA groups
Hazardous Waste Generators into three categories based on the quantity of hazardous waste produced and
stored on-site. The following are the three categories:
Conditionally Exempt generators produce less than 100 kilograms of hazardous waste per month, or
less than 1 kilogram per month of acutely hazardous waste. Vermont is home to over 1,900
conditionally exempt generators.
Small quantity generators produce between 100 and 1,000 kilograms of hazardous waste per month.
Large quantity generators produce more than 1,000 kilograms of hazardous waste per month.
In Vermont, each hazardous waste generator is regulated according to its class by the Vermont Environmental
Protection Rules. Regulations are directed at the amount of waste generated and accumulated, its storage,
transport, treatment, disposal, recycling, and plans for handling emergencies. These regulations are aimed to
protect the environment and public health in Vermont.26
Additionally, EPA manages the Toxics Release Inventory (TRI), to which, in accordance with the Emergency
Planning and Community Right to Know Act (EPCRA), businesses must submit information regarding toxic
chemical storage, release, and transfer. TRI is a tool aimed to empower citizens by providing accessible
information that enables citizens to hold companies and local governments accountable in the management
of toxic chemicals.27
TRI can be accessed through EPA’s website: http://www.epa.gov/tri/
Toxic Map: Exempt, Small and Large Quantity Hazardous Waste Generators in Vermont
The following map indicates Small and Large Quantity Toxic Waste Generators. Conditionally exempt
generators are not mapped because so many are present in the state.
Sources Used for Hazardous Generators Map:
http://www.anr.state.vt.us/dec/wastediv/rcra/handlers.htm
(Report run on: December 5, 2008 12:16 PM)

21
Map: Hazardous Waste Generators

22
Hazardous Waste Sites
Introduction
The Vermont Agency of Natural Resources defines hazardous waste as any waste that is toxic, corrosive,
ignitable, reactive, or causes strong allergic reactions and may cause or contribute to increases in mortality or
serious illnesses.28
Sites established for the treatment, storage, and disposal (TSDs) of these wastes are
hazardous waste sites. These sites can be created specifically to manage hazardous waste, but they are also
set up in an effort to clean up any area that has been polluted in the past. Regulations act to prevent and
contain the release of hazardous material into the environment, where it can contaminate soils, water, and
air.
In 1976, Congress passed the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) to protect human health and
the environment from the threats posed by mismanaged hazardous waste. Vermont, along with two other
states, has been authorized to run its own Hazardous Waste Management Program, as its program has been
deemed equivalent to the federal program. The Vermont Hazardous Waste Management Program ensures
responsible hazardous waste management by doing the following:29
granting permits to treatment, storage, and disposal facilities
inspecting facilities to monitor compliance with program regulations
tracking hazardous waste transport to ensure it is stored at appropriate facilities
tracking hazardous waste data
providing an outlet for citizen concerns about mismanagement of hazardous waste
Creating New Sites
Before receiving a permit, a new hazardous waste site must obtain a Certificate of Need, which deems the
proposed facility necessary for the general good of the state. The awarding of a Certificate of Need indicates
that the facility is
• suitable for the intended type and amount of hazardous waste
• accessible by transportation routes that minimize threat to public health, safety, and the environment
• necessary to remedy a lack of adequate current treatment or disposal capacity for hazardous waste
generated in the region.
After obtaining a Certificate of Need, each facility must obtain a permit, awarded only if the facility complies
with regulations regarding design, operation, and maintenance.30
Toxic Map: Hazardous Waste Sites
The Hazardous Waste Sites identified on the accompanying maps are classified as low, medium, or high
priority of cleanup according to the types and quantities of materials released, and their corresponding threat
to public and environmental health. The map contains both sites that are active and now considered repaired
by DES standards.
Sources used for Hazardous Waste Site Maps:
http://www.anr.state.vt.us/WMID/HazSites.aspx

24
Superfund Sites
Introduction
The National Superfund Program is the common name given to the Comprehensive Environmental Response,
Compensation and Liability Act (CERCLA), which Congress passed in 1980 in response to citizen concern about
abandoned hazardous waste sites. The “superfund” established by the program enables EPA to locate and
investigate these sites, and to ensure that the parties responsible for the sites clean them up or reimburse the
government for EPA-led cleanups. Importantly, community involvement is an integral part of the Superfund
Program: EPA frequently modifies its treatment of superfund sites in accordance with community input and
concerns, and EPA emphasizes keeping the community informed about its actions.31
The Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Information System (CERCLIS) is
EPA's computerized inventory of potential hazardous substance release sites and contains information on all
waste sites that have been discovered. EPA uses this inventory to evaluate the potential for the release of
hazardous substances from each site and to make decisions about how a site will be treated.
• Sites that contain hazardous waste below levels that capture EPA's attention are referred to the states
for cleanup.
• Sites that pose a significant threat to human health and the environment are listed on the National
Priorities List (NPL). Sits are only added to the list after being scored according to the Hazard Ranking
System (HRS) and after being subjected to comment from the local community. If the site still qualifies
for Superfund cleanup after a formal comment period, it is added to the NPL. Sites on the NPL must be
cleaned up by Potentially Responsible Parties (PRPs), EPA, or the state.
• Sites where cleanup goals have been achieved, and which are deemed safe according to EPA
assessments, are deleted from CERCLIS. However, removal from the inventory can only take place after
a formal comment period from the local community. If still qualified for deletion after the formal
comment period, these sites become Archived Sites, and no further cleanup action is taken.32
Toxic Map: Superfund Sites in Vermont
Sites on the map include those given NPL status under CERCLIS and as well as non-NPL hazardous waste sites.
The non-NPL hazardous waste sites are classified under the CERCLIS list on EPA’s website but are not
designated Superfund sites. They may, however, be proposed for Superfund status pending a decision from
the EPA. Archived sites do not appear on the Superfund map.
Sources used for Superfund Map:
EPA CERLIS Database http://cfpub.epa.gov/supercpad/cursites/srchsites.cfm

26
Active and Inactive Landfills
Introduction
In 1987 the Vermont legislature passed Act 78, a comprehensive solid waste management law. The act was passed
primarily in response to citizen concern about contamination of surface water, groundwater supply wells, and soils
linked to disposal and landfill sites. The legislation established stricter regulations around the design, construction, and
operation of landfills. The following are some of the legislation’s key stipulations:33
All sanitary landfills were to be closed and replaced with lined landfills by 1992. Sanitary landfills isolate waste
until it become safe through complete biological, chemical, and physical degradation. However, sanitary landfills
are unlined, and therefore do not prevent leachate from contaminating the environment. Leachate is the
residual liquid from waste that contains dissolved, suspended, or miscible materials such as heavy metals or
organic compounds. Wastewater treatment plants are not designed to treat leachate, so diluted quantities of
heavy metals or organic compounds could be released into the air and waterways. Since 1991, 47 unlined
landfills within Vermont have been closed.
Solid waste management was consolidated from a town level into solid waste districts at a regional level.
Regional districts are easier to regulate, and it is safer and more environmentally friendly to have fewer, large
disposal sites than it is to have many small sites scattered throughout the state.
Input from local communities was given high value in the regulation process, as this input makes for the most
sustainable and successful regulations.
The Secretary of the Agency of Natural Resources was required to develop and implement a plan for waste
management regulation and to revise this plan every five years. The plan establishes procedures and standards
to protect public health and the environment by ensuring the safe, proper, and sustainable management of solid
waste. The most recent revision to the plan took place in 2006. More than previous plans, this one emphasizes
reducing the amount of waste produced that must be isolated in landfills.
Toxic Map: Landfills in Vermont
The accompanying map shows two categories of landfills:
Active Solid Waste Landfills currently accept waste. Some items are, however, banned from all Vermont
landfills. These include mercury added products, such as thermometers; waste oil, including motor oil; tires;
white goods, including refrigerators, freezers, washers, dryers, and other appliances; lead acid batteries and
nickel-cadmium batteries; paint thinners, removers, stains, and varnishes; and fluorescent lamps. (See
http://www.vtpsc.org/general/Vermont%20landfill%20banned%20materials.php for a more detailed listing.)
Inactive/Closed Solid Waste Landfills were for the most part closed after the 1987 legislation, although a few
may have been closed earlier. Closed landfills are often lined and capped with protective material to prevent
contaminants from leaking into groundwater.
Many Vermont towns also house waste transfer stations, which are not included on the map. These are old landfill sites
that have been converted to facilities where municipal solid waste is briefly held while it is transferred from primary
collection vehicles to larger, long-distance transport vehicles for shipment to landfills or other treatment or disposal
facilities.34
For more info, see:
Vermont Agency of Natural Resources http://www.anr.state.vt.us/dec/wastediv/solid/pubs/VTSWMgmtPlan.pdf
Sources used for Landfills Map
Julie Hackbarth, State of Vermont Agency of Natural Resources: Solid Waste Management Division

27
Map: Active and Inactive Landfill

28
Water Dischargers
Introduction
In 1972, Congress passed the Clean Water Act (CWA), which set a broad goal of restoring and maintaining the
chemical, physical, and biological integrity of our nation’s surface waters, including its lakes, rivers, and coastal
waters, in order to support wildlife and recreation. Additionally, in 1974 Congress passed the Safe Drinking
Water Act (SDWA), to protect public health by setting standards for drinking water and its sources, including
rivers, lakes, reservoirs, springs, and groundwater wells. SDWA initially focused on water treatment as the
primary means of ensuring safe drinking water. However, amendments in 1996 have directed the law more
toward source water protection, operator training, and public information. In protecting water sources, SDWA
goes hand in hand with CWA.35
EPA regulates more than 90 water contaminants in order to promote public
health. All unregulated contaminants that may require future regulation are published in the Contaminant
Candidate List (CCL); after public comment and other considerations, candidate contaminants that require
regulation are moved to a Federal Register. EPA considers three criteria in deciding whether to regulate a
contaminant: potential adverse effects of the contaminant on human health, the frequency and level of
contaminant occurrence in public drinking water systems, and whether or not regulation of the contaminant
will present a meaningful opportunity for reducing public health risks.
There are two types of standards that EPA sets:
National Primary Drinking Water Regulations (NPDWR or primary standards) are legally enforceable. Primary
standards limit the levels of specific contaminants that can threaten public health and are known or anticipated
to occur. These take the form of Maximum Contaminant Levels or Treatment Techniques.
National Secondary Drinking Water Regulations (NSDWR or secondary standards) are non-enforceable
guidelines for contaminants that may cause cosmetic effects, such as skin or tooth discoloration, or aesthetic
effects, such as taste, odor, or color, in drinking water. States, however, may choose to adopt these guidelines
as enforceable standards.
EPA sets standards for naturally-occurring and manmade contaminants in drinking water that fall under seven
major categories:
Microbes: Coliform bacteria, E. coli bacteria, Giardia lamblia and others
Radionuclides: radioactive materials (alpha/beta/photon emitters), Radium 226 and 228
Inorganic Contaminants: asbestos, mercury, copper, cadmium, lead, arsenic, fluoride, and others
Synthetic Organic Contaminants: pesticides and herbicides
Volatile Organic Contaminants: benzene, vinyl chloride, toluene, styrene, and others
Disinfectants: chlorine, chloramines, and chlorine dioxide, found in household cleaners, as well as others
Byproducts of Disinfectants: bromated, chlorite, haloacetic acids, and others
The SDWA gives states the authority to set and enforce their own drinking water standards as long as they are
at least as strong as the EPA’s. Consequently, most states directly oversee their own water systems.36
Toxic Map: Water Dischargers
The sites identified on the map refer to sites with permits that are major point source dischargers of one or
more regulated contaminants. Permits are awarded through the Vermont Agency of Natural Resources Water
Quality Division, though the EPA’s Water Permits Division (WPD) has oversight authority.37
Sources used for Water Dischargers Toxic Map:
http://www.epa.gov/enviro/html/pcs/pcs_query_java.html

30
Underground Storage Tanks
Introduction
Vermont’s Underground Storage Tank (UST) Program was created in 1985 with the aim of preventing the
release of petroleum and other hazardous materials from these tanks into the environment. These released
substances can contaminate groundwater, and their explosive vapors can seep into confined spaces and
occupied dwellings. Released petroleum products that are regulated under the UST program include #2 and #4
fuel oil, methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE), gasoline, diesel, and kerosene. Groundwater contaminated with
these products has an offensive odor and taste and is not suitable to drink.
Vermont’s UST program aims to ensure the following:
the proper construction of UST systems
proper and qualified oversight for UST installations, repairs, and removals
accurate monitoring of releases from active USTs
proper decommissioning of USTs that are no longer needed
Toxic Map: Underground Storage Tanks
All USTs regulated in Vermont are mapped on the following page. According to the Waste Management
Division of the Vermont Department of Environmental Conservation (DEC), Vermont is home to over 5,500
USTs located mainly on private residences, gas stations, and industrial buildings.
All tanks with a storage capacity of at least 1,100 gallons are regulated, unless they are used exclusively for
heating purposes. Tanks typically range in storage capacity from 1,500 to 20,000 gallons. 38
Sources used for Underground Storage Tanks Map:
http://www.anr.state.vt.us/dec/wastediv/cfm/ust/AllUSTlist.cfm

31
Map: Underground Storage Tanks

32
Legal and Illegal Salvage Yards
Introduction
A 2009 law has given the Vermont Agency of Natural Resources (ANR) the jurisdiction to regulate junkyards
and salvage yards in the state. The law defines salvage yards as any outdoor place for storing, processing,
buying, or selling junk or scrap metal. It is aimed primarily at salvage yards run as businesses, but also
regulates salvage yards that exist without business connections where four or more unregistered motor
vehicles are visible from a public highway or navigable waterway. Notably, cars stored for less than 90 days
without inspection are not considered junk.
Vermont’s salvage yard law recognizes the importance of salvage yards as the leading recycling industry
nationwide and as the facilities responsible for recycling 75 to 85 percent of vehicle material. Salvage yards are
therefore central in conserving Vermont’s natural resources; but, when they are improperly operated, salvage
yards can also significantly harm the population and environment in Vermont.39
Vermont is currently home to many illegal, unlicensed salvage yards. These pose a threat to human health and
the environment because they are not necessarily operated in compliance with state regulations regarding the
proper storage, crushing, and processing of vehicles. Improper storage and crushing can allow contaminants
such as antifreeze Freon, lead, motor oil, Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs), asbestos, and MTBEs in gasoline to
leach into the ground and water. These toxins threaten human health: lead can cause brain damage and
problems with the circulatory, reproductive, and nervous systems; asbestos and PCBs carcinogens; and motor
oil products are associated with liver, kidney, and bone marrow diseases. In addition, antifreeze is toxic to
aquatic life, and motor oil leached into the ground can contaminate soil and plants.40
To prevent these risks to
public health and the environment, it is imperative that undocumented salvage yards be brought under
regulation.
Toxic Map: Salvage Yards
The accompanying map indicates all the salvage yards in Vermont that are currently licensed. Today, this
includes only 75 salvage yards. There are believed to be an additional 200 to 300 yards that operate
illegally.41
The Vermont Department of Environmental Conservation (DEC) Compliance and Enforcement Division is
currently seeking citizen help to map these unregulated salvage yards. DEC hopes to educate their operators
so they can bring their salvage yards into compliance with state regulations and decrease the pollution that
they release.
Citizens can visit http://www.anr.state.vt.us/dec/dec.htm to fill out a short survey that will help DEC to
locate these currently undocumented salvage yards.

33
Map: Legal and Illegal Salvage Yards

34
Appendix A : Toxic Sites by County and Town
ADDISON COUNTY
Addison
Medium Priority Hazardous
Waste Sites:
Addison Central School Route 7
Addison Four Corners Store Route 17 & 22A
Champlain Bridge Marina Route 17
Low Priority Hazardous
Waste Sites:
Addison Dead Creek Wildlife Area Route 17
Tri Town Water Treatment Facility 822 Tri Town Rd
West Addison General Store Route 17
Yankee Kingdom Landscaping 2769 Lake St
Underground Storage Tanks: Addison Central School 121 VT Route 17W
Addison Four Corners Store Route 22A
Champlain Bridge Marina 7724 Route 17 West Addison
Middlebury Union Junior High School Middle Road
West Addison General Store 5944 Route 17 West at Lake Street
Bridport
Waste Sites:
Boise's Citgo Mini Mart Rt 125 & 22 A - Box 102
Waste Sites:
Pratt's Store 2504 VT Rt. 22A
Inactive/Closed Landfills: Bridport Landfill 3263 Route 22A
Underground Storage Tanks: Boise's Citgo Routes 22A and 125
Bridport Central School School Street
Pratt's General Store 2504 Route 22A
Bristol
Waste Sites:
Former Bristol Exxon 58 West St
Waste Sites:
Bristol Flats RT 116
Air Pollution Emitters: JOHNSON A CO THE
LATHROP C. LUMBER
Inactive/Closed Landfills: Bristol Waste Management Inc. Landfill Bristol Notch Rd
Small Quantity Hazardous
Waste Generators:
AUTUMN HARP INC 61 PINE ST
BROOKS PHARMACY 0769 1 PRINCE LANE
Underground Storage Tanks: Bristol Country Store 3191 South VT Route 116

35
Bristol Elementary School Mountain Street
Bristol Shell 3 West Street
Mt Abraham Union High School 7 Airport Drive
Office Building 14 School Street
St Ambrose Catholic Church 11 School Street
Village Mobil Bristol 42 West Street
Cornwall
Underground Storage Tanks: Bingham Memorial Elementary School School Road
East Middlebury (See Middlebury)
Ferrisburgh
Waste Sites:
Little Otter General Store Route 7
Yandow Sales And Service Route 7
Waste Sites:
Jimmos Market Route 17
Northburg Store Route 7
Palmers Garage Long Point Rd
White Residence Rt 7
Goshen
Granville
Air Pollution Emitters: GRANVILLE MFG CO INC
Underground Storage Tanks: Former Granville Country Store 3873 Route 100
Hancock
Waste Sites:
Brown Residence 2648 VT Rt 125
Hubbard's Store 38 VT Rte 125
Long Residence Recreation Drive
Waste Sites:
Deering Service Center Route 100
Middlebury Snow Bowl Route 125
Air Pollution Emitters: CHESAPEAKE HARDWOOD PRODUCTS INC.
Underground Storage Tanks: Deerings Service Center Route 100
Hubbard's Store 38 VT Route 125
Middlebury College Snow Bowl Route 125
Leicester
High Priority Hazardous Leicester General Store Route 7

36
Waste Sites:
Waste Sites:
Leicester Central School 68 School House Rd
Waste Sites:
Stacey Residence 175 Hooker Rd
Underground Storage Tanks: Leicester General Store Route 7
Lincoln
Waste Sites:
Lincoln Community School 795 East River Rd
Waste Sites:
South Lincoln Farm 785 Grimes Rd
Inactive/Closed Landfills: Lincoln Landfill 1111 Downingsville Rd
Middlebury
Waste Sites:
Former American Legion Creek Rd
G L R LLC Property 55 Middle Road North
Hendy Brothers Rt 7 N
McGraths Sunoco 49 Court St
Middlebury Beef And Grocery Supply Route 7
Middlebury Citgo 84 Court St
Middlebury College 3 College St
Middlebury Exxon 16 Court St
Middlebury Mobil Route 7
Middlebury Train Derailment
Middlebury Union High School Charles Ave
Palmer Spring Waterworks Rt 116
Paquette Self Storage Route 7 North
Randys Service Station 44 North Pleasant St
Wyre Wheel Salvage Yard Route 7
Waste Sites:
Agway Middlebury Rt 7
Court Street (Champlain Farms Texaco) 25 Court St
Lackards/Middlebury Mobil Elm St & Rt 7
Middlebury State Police Route 7
Middlebury Town Garage Rt 7 South
Pecks Rental Realty 112 Creek Rd
Sprague Energy Terminal 103 Exchange Street
Village Court Plaza 38 Court St
Vocational Center 12 Charles Ave
Waste Generators:
ADDISON COUNTY SOLID WASTE MGT 1223 RTE 7 SOUTH
BROOKS PHARMACY 0762 263 COURT ST
CENTRAL VT PUBLIC SERVICE MIDDLE 121 CADY ROAD
DESABRAIS LAUNDRY & DRY CLEANERS 55 MIDDLE RD NORTH

37
KINNEY DRUG #38 RTE 7 VILLAGE COURT PLAZA
MIDDLEBURY COLLEGE 84 S SERVICE RD
MIDDLEBURY COLLEGE 276 BICENTENNIAL WAY
PORTER MEDICAL CENTER SOUTH ST
R L VALLEE MAPLEFIELDS AT MIDDLE 6 N PLEASANT ST
S B COLLINS INC MIDDLEBURY MOBIL 220 COURT ST
STANDARD REGISTER CO THE 1741 RTE 7 S
SUBURBAN HEATING OIL PARTNERS LL 2242 RTE 7 S
ULTRAMAR ENERGY 103 EXCHANGE ST
Water Dischargers: MIDDLEBURY WASTE WATER TREATMENT
FACILITY
243 INDUSTRIAL AVENUE
Underground Storage Tanks: Battell Building Merchants Row
Bread Loaf Construction Co Inc Route 7 South
Carbro Building Exchange Street
Champlain Construction Company 1050 Route 7 South
Church/Jesus Christ/Latter Day Saint Buttolph Acres
Cooperative Fire Ins Assoc of VT Washington Street Extension
Court Street Marketplace 106 Court Street
CPC of Vermont Inc Pond Lane
Earth's Best Pond Lane
Exchange Place Condo 1436 Exchange Street
Feed Commodities Int'l 45 Exchange Street
Foster Motors Inc Route 7 South
Geiger of Austria Pond Lane Industrial Park
Helen Porter Nursing Home South Street
Hendy Brothers Inc Route 7 North
J P Carrara & Sons Inc Route 7
Jp Carrara and Sons-Precast Yard RD 3 Box 1000
Mac's East Middlebury Routes 116 and 125 East Middlebury
MacIntyre Residence 3 Mile Bridge Road
Mahady Court House 7 Mahady Court
Maplefields at Middlebury 60 North Pleasant Street
Middlebury Beef 3201 US Route 7 South
Middlebury COCO Citgo/Windshield 84 Court Street
Middlebury College Campus Serv. Bldg 84 South Service Road
Middlebury Commons Elderly Housing 50 Buttolph Drive
Middlebury Independent School 4 51 Court Street
Middlebury Inn Court Square
Middlebury Mobil Short Stop Route 7 South
Middlebury Post Office 10 Main Street
Middlebury Public Works Town Garage Route 7 South
Middlebury Shell 25 Court Street
Middlebury State Airport 25 Airport Road off Route 116

38
Middlebury Union High School Charles Avenue
Monahan SFI 3046 Case Street
Municipal Building 94 Main Street
Porter Hospital 115 Porter Drive
Quarry Road Court Seminary Street
Shea Motor Co Route 7 South
St Stephen's Church On the Village Green
Standard Register Company Middlebury 1741 Route 7 South
Sunoco Gasoline Station #292 49 Court Street
Tucker Residence 186 Halladay Road
United Methodist Church 43 North Pleasant Street
Village Depot Middlebury 16 Court Street
Wastewater Treatment Plant Seymour Street
Monkton
High Priority Hazardous
Waste Sites:
Monkton General Store Monkton Ridge
Waste Sites:
Lavallee Residence Borrow Hill Rd
Monkton Central School State Aid Highway #1
Monkton Ridge Silver St.
Parks Farm Parks Rd
Wisowaty Residence Hardscrabble Rd
Waste Generators:
S B COLLINS INC MONKTON GENERAL SILVER ST MONKTON RIDGE
Underground Storage Tanks: Monkton Central School 1036 Monkton Road
Monkton General Store Silver Street Monkton Ridge
New Haven
Waste Sites:
New Haven Mobil/formerly MacIntyre
Fuels
Route 7
Waste Sites:
AOT-New Haven Rt 17
Waste Sites:
7 And 17 Corner Store Junction 7 and 17
Omya/Pluess-Stanfer Industries Routes 7 and 17
Air Pollution Emitters: PIKE INDUSTRIES P902 (NEW HAVEN)
Large Quantity Hazrdous
Waste Generators:
R L VALLEE NEW HAVEN MOBIL US RTE 7
Underground Storage Tanks: Beeman Elementary School 50 North Street
Maplefields at New Haven Mobil 1908 Ethan Allen Highway
New Haven Jiffy Mart #28 5366 Ethan Allen Highway
VTrans New Haven Garage 490 Main Street

39
North Ferrisburgh (See Ferrisburgh)
Orwell
Waste Sites:
Orwell Gas-N-Go 330 Rt 22A
Waste Sites:
Former Audet Farm - UST Area Mt Independence Rd
Underground Storage Tanks: Buoy 39 Marina 668 Mt Independence Road
Chipman Point Marina 68 Chipman Point Road (Route 73A)
Orwell Gas 'N Go 330 Route 22A
Orwell Town Garage/Fire Station Route 73
Orwell Village School and Town Hall Main Street
Salisbury
Waste Sites:
LaFlam Motors 93 Rt 7 South
Underground Storage Tanks: former Westside Elementary School Shard Villa Road
Lake Dunmore Kampersville Route 53
West Shore Road Salisbury
286 Kelly Cross Road Salisbury
937 West Shore Road Salisbury
Shoreham
Waste Sites:
Audette Farm (residence) 4547 Rt 74 East
Waste Sites:
Brisson Property Rt 74 West
Former Herbs' Corner Store Route 22 A and Route 74
Shoreham Service Center 2949 Route 22A
Shoreham Telephone Company 3167 Route 22 A
Underground Storage Tanks: Knopp Residence East Shoreham Road
Shoreham Elementary School School Street
Shoreham Service Mobil 2949 Route 22A
Stakrsboro
Waste Sites:
Starksboro Country Store Route 116
Waste Sites:
Little Residence Lazy Brook Trailer Park, Lot #
Inactive/Closed Landfill
Sites:
Starksboro Landfill 1686 Vermont Route 116
Underground Storage Tanks: Jerusalem Corners Country Store 1858 VT Route 17
Osmun Farm Quaker Street

40
41 Parsonage Road Starksboro
Vergennes
Waste Sites:
Riverside Apartments Main St
Waste Sites:
C J's Citgo Main St and Route 22 A
Haviland Shade Roller Mill and Annex 1-2 Canal St
Palmer Chiropractic 56 Green Street
Simmonds Precision Panton Road
Vergennes Union High School Monkton Rd
Waste Sites:
Denecker Chevrolet 14 North Main St
former Hannahs Market 48 Green St
Old Vergennes Town Shed West Street
Vergennes Union Elem School 42 East St
Air Pollution Emitters: GOODRICH CORP. SENSORS &
INTEGRATED SYSTEMS
Fossil Fuel or Nuclear Sites: GREEN MOUNTAIN POWER CORP
Large Quantity Hazardous
Waste Generators:
SIMMONDS PRECISION PRODUCTS INC 100 PANTON RD
Waste Generators:
AUTO CREEK INC 22 WEST ST
DENECKER CHEVROLET GEO INC 14 N MAIN ST
Underground Storage Tanks: A & D Automotive 38 New Haven Road
Goodrich Corp/Simmonds Precision 100 Panton Road
Lebeau & O'Brien 2 South Water Street
Northlands Job Corps Center 100-A Macdonough Drive
Tucker Motors 64 Main Street
Vergennes Armory 37 Monkton Road
Vergennes Union Elementary School 43 East Street
Vergennes Union High School Monkton Road
Vergennes Variety Gulf 65 Main Street
Waltham
Weybridge
Waste Sites:
Former Tucker Residence 50 Sheep Farm Rd
Underground Storage Tanks: Monument Farms Milk Plant 2107 James Road (Route 23)
Weybridge Elementary School Quaker Village Road
Whiting
Waste Sites:
Whiting Country Store Route 30

41
BENNINGTON COUNTY
Arlington
Waste Sites:
Miles Fuels 178 Chittenden Drive
Waste Sites:
Simmons Residence 58 Walker Rd
Arlington P.O., former LMC Service Ctr. Route 7
Masterson Residence 4862 Rte 313 West
PS Service Station 3885 Vermont Route 313 W
Air Pollution Emitters: HBH PRESTAIN
Waste Generators:
MACK MOLDING CO INC 79 E ARLINGTON RD
Underground Storage Tanks: Fisher Elementary School East Arlington Road
Fowler Residence Fisher Road
Kendall Residence Chittenden Road Extension
Kendall Residence Bentley Lane
Kendall Residence School Street
Mack Molding Company East Arlington Road
Macksey Residence 139 Russell Street
Red Mountain Farm Red Mountain Road
St Margaret Mary Church Main Street Route 7A
Stephen C Lundy Farm Old Depot Road
Stewart's Shop #193 Main Street (Route 7A)
Whimsey Farm Depot Road
Wilcox Lumber Inc Route 313
Bennington
Waste Sites:
* Burgess Brothers Landfill Burgess Road
Waste Sites:
* Bennington Landfill Houghton Lane
210 South Street 210 South Street
272 Ben Mont Ave. 272 Ben Mont Avenue
Agway Energy Products 126 Hicks Ave
Applegate Apartments 98 Orchard Rd
Auto City 114 Northside Dr
B E T S Truck Leasing Route 67
Bennington College Campus 1 College Drive
Bennington County Industrial Corp Water St
Bennington Fish Culture Station 110 Fish Hatchery Road
Bennington Heating & Cooling 303 Depot St
Burgess Brothers Construction Burgess Rd
Davey Oil 147 Northside Drive

42
Energizer Degreasing Facility 401 Gage St.
Haynes And Kane Inc 215 Benmont Ave
Jard Company Bowen Rd
Jennings Cottage - Bennington College 1 College Drive
Johnsons Fuel Service Inc 99 Northside Drive
Kocher Drive Dump Kocher Drive
Krebs Residence 649 North Branch St
Marson Property 100 Hunt St
Mincer's Market 733 Main St
Monument Plaza PCE Contamination Northside Drive
Morrison Sales And Service Kocher Drive
Mt Anthony Country Club 180 Country Club Drive
Robert Greene Inc 675 North Branch St
Sage City Syndicate Routes 67 & 674
Sausville Residence 155 Northside Drive
Vermont Tissue Route 67 A
Wolfe Residence 316 Dewey St
Waste Sites:
* Tansitor Electronics Incorp West Road
106 McKinley St. 106 McKinley St.
Bennington Garage Route 9
Brownell's Salvage Yard 818 White Creek Road
Charlies Mobil 216 Northside Drive
Fleming Texaco 305 South St
Former Daniel Fager's Facility 1092 N Bennington Rd (Rte 67A)
Hemmings Sunoco 216 West Main St
Morse Block 116 Route 7 A
Morse Construction 327 Morse Drive
Proud Residence Pleasant Valley Rd.
Rt 7 Contamination Rt 7
Sargents Short Stop 300 Main St
Southwestern Medical Center 100 Hospital Drive
Westside Citgo 165 West Main St
Willow Road Garage (Town of Bennington) Willow Rd
Air Pollution Emitters: BENNINGTON COLLEGE
BENNINGTON IRON WORKS
BENNINGTON WASTEWATER TREATMENT
FACILITY
BIJUR LUBRICATING CORP
ENERGIZER BATTERY MANUFACTURING
INC
GREEN MOUNTAIN PRESTAIN
Waste Generators:
ENERGIZER BATTERY MANUFACTURING 401 GAGE ST
TANSITOR ELECTRONICS 2813 WEST RD

43
Waste Generators:
BENNINGTON COLLEGE CORP RTE 67A
BENNINGTON DRY CLEANERS & COIN-O 748 MAIN ST
BENNINGTON IRON WORKS INC HARMON RD
BENNINGTON MOTOR CAR INC 811 US RT 7 SOUTH
BROOKS PHARMACY 0346 194 NORTH ST
BURGESS BROTHERS LANDFILL 1246 BURGESS RD
CHAMPLAIN OIL CO MONTOURS WESTSI 165 WEST ST
CUMBERLAND FARMS #4006 107 NORTHSIDE DR
HOME DEPOT 4551 121 NORTH BENNINGTON RD
KELLY FUELS 1036 MAIN ST
MIDWAY OIL BENMONT SHOP N SAVE 261 BENMONT AVE
N S K STEERING SYSTEMS AMERICA I 110 SHIELDS DR
ONE HOUR MARTINIZING 256 BEN MONT AVE
PLASAN USA INC 139 SHIELDS DR
SOUTH WESTERN VERMONT HEALTH CAR 100 HOSPITAL DR
SUBURBAN HEATING OIL PARTNERS LL 473 MORSE RD
ULTRAMAR ENERGY INC BENNINGTON 268 BENMONT AVE
UNITED MCGILL CORP 452 HARWOOD HILL RD
VT COMPOSITES INC 25 PERFORMANCE DR
WAL-MART 2289 210 NORTHSIDE DR
Superfund Sites: BENNINGTON MUNICIPAL SANITARY
LANDFILL
OFF HOUGHTON LANE
Water Dischargers: SEWERAGE SYSTEMS 244 HARRINGTON RD
Underground Storage Tanks: All Service Citgo 165 West Main Street
Apollo Fuels Bennington Station 99 Northside Drive
Beech Street Fire House 63 Gore Road
Bennington Armory 100 Franklin Lane
Bennington College 1 College Drive Route 67A
Bennington Elementary School 128 Park Street
Bennington Elks Lodge #567 125 Washington Avenue
Bennington Free Library 101 Silver Street
Bennington Iron Works 458 Morse Road
Bennington Museum 75 Main Street
Bennington Power Equipment Company 1414 N Bennington Road Route 67A
Bennington Short Stop 300 Main Street
Bennington Texaco Short Stop 110 Northside Drive (Route 7A)
Brookside Public Housing 323 South Street
Burgess Brothers Inc 1246 Burgess Road
Catamount Elementary School School Street
Charlie's Mobil 216 Northside Drive
Church of Latter Day Saints Houghton Lane
Cliffside Motor Inn Inc Route 7 South
Colvin Residence Mount Anthony Road

44
Cone Realty Corporation 439 Main Street
Cora B Whitney Housing LP 814 Gage Street
Cumberland Farms #4006 107 Northside Drive
Earl's Service Station 251 North Street
First Baptist Church 601 East Main Street
Fleming Oil Shell 305 South Street
Getty Service Station #761120 636 Main Street
Hemmings Motor News Sunoco 216 West Main Street
Jones Residence 40 West Road
Kirkside Motor Lodge 250 West Main Street
Maguire's Market 510 South Street
Martin's Exxon 336 North Street
Martin's Mini Mart 301 Main Street
Mincer's Mini Mart 733-735 East Main Street
Molly Stark Elementary School Willow Road
Monument Elementary School West Main Street (Route 9)
Moore's Apartment House 133 Elm Street
Mount Anthony Middle School Main Street
Mount Anthony Union High School 301 Park Street
Mt Anthony Union Middle School 747 East Road
North Bennington Graded School School Street
North Village Laundry 2 Bank S190 North Street
Office Building 141 West Main Street
Panda Garden Restaurant Main and South Street
Putnam Square Building 675 North Branch Street
Robert Greene Inc 307 School Street
Sacred Heart Parish Hillside Street
Second Congregational Church Monument Avenue
Southern Vermont College 100 Hospital Drive East
Southwestern Vermont Medical Center 200 Pleasant Street
St Peters Episcopal Church 110 Hatchery Road
State Office Building 1 Veterans Drive
Stewart's Shop #195 731 Main Street
top-N-Shop Dashboard Deli Mobil 261 BenMont Avenue
The American Legion Post 13 225 Northside Drive
The Prospect Center Park & West Streets
The Salvation Army Thrift Store 511-513 South Street
US Postal Service Main Office 108-112 Elm Street
Vermont Veterans Home 325 North Street
VTrans Bennington Garage 359 Bowen Road
WBTN 1370 AM Radio 407 Harwood Hill
West End Fire House 900 West Road (route 9)

45
William Morse State Airport 1563 Wallomsac Road
Willow Road Fire House 276 Orchard Road
Willowbrook Apartments 10 Willow Road
Bondville (See Winhall)
Dorset
Waste Sites:
Green Mountain Ford 17 Spruce Lane
North Dorset Gas Rt 7
Air Pollution Emmitters: J K ADAMS CO PAINTING AND PAPER HANGING
Waste Generators:
ADAMS J K CO 1430 RTE 30
CHAMPLAIN OIL EAST DORSET GENERA RTE 7 PO BOX 727
Underground Storage Tanks: Beyers Residence West Road
Castles Residence Upper Hollow Road
Cooper Residence Kirby Hollow Rd At Dorset Hollow Rd
Dorset School 130 School Drive
Dorset Union Store 31 Church Street
East Dorset Jiffy Mart #32 2045 Route 7 East Dorset
HasGas General Store 69 Route 30
Koren Residence Dorset Hollow Road
Pfaelzer Residence Dorset Hollow Road
Ralph Colin Residence 11 Green Peak Estates
VTrans Dorset Garage 18 Village Street East Dorset
East Arlington (See Arlington)
East Dorset (See Dorset)
Glastenbury
Landgrove
Medium Quantity Hazardous
Waste Generator
Jeffrey Residence 8 Nichols Rd
Underground Storage Tanks Landgrove Inn (The) 132 Landgrove Road
Manchester
Small Quantity Hazradous
Waste Generator:
NORTHSHIRE MEDICAL ASSOC ROUTE 7
NORTHSHIRE MEDICAL ASSOC P C RTES 11 & 30
R L VALLEE MAPLEFIELDS AT MANCHE 5123 MAIN ST
ULTRAMAR ENERGY INC MANCHESTER 379 RICHVILLE RD
Air Pollution Emmitters: BROMLEY SKI RESORT AMUSEMENT AND RECREATION

46
SERVICES, NOT ELSEWHERE
CLASSIFIED
Waste Sites:
Hand Chevrolet Route 7 and Route 11/30
Maplefield's - Manchester/Hoard's Mobil Main St, Route 7A
Northshire Book Store 4869 Main St
Pyrofax Bulk Plant 379 Richville Rd
The Village Valet Dry Cleaner 4945 Main Street
Waste Sites:
Eaton Residence Cass Terrace
Equinox Hotel 3567 Main St
Leos Motors Rt 7 A
Lerner Residence 491 West Rd
Manchester Motors Rt 11 & 30
Manchester Shopping Center Manchester Center
Underground Storage Tanks: Avalanche Motor Lodge Route 11 - 30
Buckley's Mobil 557 Depot Street
Burr & Burton Academy 57 Seminary Avenue
Mac's Market 271 Depot Street Manchester Center
Manchester Elementary School Memorial Drive
Manchester Public Safety Building Route 7A Manchester Center
Manchester Shortstop Sunoco Route 7A
Manchester Smart Shop Main Street Route 7A Manchester Ctr
Maplefields at Manchester 5023 Main Street
Olympia Motor Lodge Route 7 North
Saint Paul's Church 398 Bonnet Street Manchester Center
Stewart's Shop #197 Route 7A and Way's Lane
The Equinox Hotel 3567 Main Street
Town of Manchester 6037 Main Street
Vermont Country Store Route 7 North
North Bennington (See Bennington)
Peru
Underground Storage Tanks: Bromley Maintenance Building 3984 Route 11
Bromley Market Route 11
Pownal
Waste Sites:
General Cable Rt 346
Waste Sites:
Barlow Gravel Pit 536 Dean Road
Tornabenes Auto Route 7
Waste Sites:
*Pownal Tannery Route 346
348 Center Street 348 Center Street

47
Tovani Residence 9 Palmer Dr.
Village Market Rt 7
Air Pollution Emmitters: NORTHEAST WOOD PRODUCTS SAWMILLS AND PLANING MILLS,
GENERA
Sites:
Pownal Landfill
Superfund: POWNAL TANNERY ROUTE 346
Underground Storage Tanks: Apartment House Route 346
Counihan Residence Atwood Drive
General Cable Company Route 346
Green Mountain Race Track US Route 7
Pownal Elementary School Schoolhouse Road
Stewart's Shop #199 Route 7
Tornabene's Service Center Route 7
Village Market 3000 US Route 7
Readsboro
Waste Generators:
TRANSCANADA HYDRO NORTHEAST HARR 1096 HARRIMAN STATION RD
Underground Storage Tanks: Harriman Station 1096 Harriman Station Drive
Main Street Readsboro
Rupert
Underground Storage Tanks: Sherman's Store Route 153
Sandgate
Underground Storage Tanks: Equinox Monastery Sky Line Drive Equinox Mtn
Searsburg
Inactvive/Closed Landfill
Sites:
Searsburg Landfill 18 Town Garage Rd
Underground Storage Tanks: Castle Hill Warehouse Route 9
Shaftsbury
Waste Sites:
Former Thompson Garage Property 923 VT Rte 7A
Shaftsbury Auto 1594 Route 7 A
Shaftsbury State Police Barracks 96 Airport rd
Waste Sites:
Laplaca Property 155 Bouplin Hollow Road
William Dailey Inc Route 7 A
Air Pollution Emitters: PECKHAM MATERIALS / DAILEY, WM CRUSHED AND BROKEN STONE, NOT
ELSEWHERE CLASSIFIED
Inactive/Closed Landfill Shaftsbury Landfill 526-536 North Rd

48
Sites:
Waste Generators:
BERNSTEIN DISPLAY 372 VT RTE 67
Underground Storage Tanks: Caroline S Pullman Residence Trumbull Hill Road
Mitchell Residence East Road
Razzano Residence 379 Twitchell Hill Road
Shaftsbury Elementary School East Street
Shaftsbury Saab 1594 VT Route 7A
Shea Residence West Mountain Road
Stone Gate Farm 586 Maple Hill Road
William E Dailey Inc Garage Route 7A
Stamford
Underground Storage Tanks: Billmont's Country Store 544 Main Road (Route 100)
Eagle Lumber Co Inc 220 Robillard Road
Nelson Residence 1725 Main Road
Sunderland
Waste Sites:
Wessner Landfill Sunderland Borough Road
Waste Generators:
CASELLA WASTE MANAGEMENT INC 4561 SUNDERLAND HILL RD
CENTRAL VT PUBLIC SERVICE SUNDER SOUTH RD
Winhall
Waste Sites:
Kitchen Residence 27 Stratton Wald Rd
Maglione Residence 1 Bromley Knolls Rd
Winhall Elementary School Route 30
Waste Sites:
Grampys Corner Store Rt 30
Waste Generators:
7 ELEVEN 32511 MAIN ST
ROY COLEMAN & SONS RTE 30 BOX H
Underground Storage Tanks: 7-Eleven #32511 211 Main Street (Route 30) Bondville
Avison Residence Bondville
Campbell Residence 162 North Branch Road
Donald R Campbell Inc 162 North Branch Road
Driftwood Lodge Off Winhall Hollow Road
Frederick Dematteis Residence Bensen Fuller Drive Lot 15
Mazer Residence Taylor Hill Road
Pollak Residence Taylor Hill Road
Sobol Residence Winhall Hollow Road
Stratton Corp Golf Maintenance Orcutt Meadow Road

49
The Mountain School 9 School Road Bondville
Winhall Town Garage 64 Old Town Road Bondville
Woodford
Superfund: BURGESS BROTHERS LANDFILL RTE 9
Underground Storage Tanks: Bennington Water Filtration Plant Route 9 East
5053 Route 9 Woodford

50
CALEDONIA COUNTY
Barnet
Waste Sites:
Barnet Landfill Town Highway No. 14
Barnet Town Garage Town Highway 102
Passumpsic Village Store Rt 5
Websters Store Route 5
West Barnet Garage Main Rd
West Barnet General Store Main St
Waste Sites:
Lamothe Residence 3885 Vermont Route 313 W
Noble Property Monroe Road
Sites:
Barnet Landfill Town Highway #14
Barton Landfill Main St
Underground Storage Tanks: Barnet School W Barnet Rd
Fearon Bulk Milk Hauling Depot Street
former Kilfasset Dairy Post Office Road
Kenneth Bunnell and Sons Joes Brooke Road
Paul's Whistle Stop 4687 Route 5 Mcindoes Falls
West Barnet Garage 477 West Main Street
West Barnet Quick Stop 113 West Main Street
Burke
Waste Sites:
Northern Wood Route 114
West Burke Auto Body Box 35
Underground Storage Tanks: Burke Mountain Mountain Road East Burke
Burke Town Garage 51 Town Garage Road
East Burke Market 461 Route 114
Mike's Gas & Redemption 3799 Route 5
West Burke Quick Stop 4015 US Route 5
Danville
Waste Sites:
Dunbar Property Rt 15
Joes Pond Country Store Route 2A and 15
Martys First Stop Route 2
Waste Sites:
Calkins Excavating Rt 2
Danville Service Center Route 2
Underground Storage Tanks: Calkins Oil Maintenance Shop US Route 2
Danville Village School Main Street
Joe's Pond Country Store 12 VT Route 15 West Danville

51
Marty's 1st Stop Mobil 421 Route 2 East
VTrans West Danville Garage 1846 Route 2 West
East Burke (See Burke)
Easy Ryegate (See Ryegate)
Groton
Underground Storage Tanks: Upper Valley Grill & General Store 2967 Scott Highway (Route 302)
Hardwick
Waste Sites:
Hardwick Electric Route 14
House Of Pizza Route 15
Waste Sites:
Ed's Deli Route 14
Hardwick Motors Inc Wolcott St
Hay's Texaco Route 15
Kwikstop Rt 15
Barcomb Auto Sales Route 15
Brochu's Citgo - Mill St Mill St
Green Mountain Sanitation Route 14
Perrys' Oil Route 14 and 15
Air Pollution Emitters: GATES SALVAGE YARD INC NONCLASSIFIABLE ESTABLISHMENTS
Waste Generators:
HARDWICK ELECTRIC DEPT ROUTE 14 S MAIN ST
Underground Storage Tanks: Brochu Citgo Service Mill Street
D & L Beverage Route 14
D & L Beverage and Deli 1855 VT Route 16 East Hardwick
Gates Salvage Yard 231 Craftsbury Road Rt 14N
Hardwick Elementary School 135 South Main Street
Hardwick House of Pizza Route 15
Hardwick Kwik Stop & Deli 454 VT Route 15
Hardwick Town Garage Creamery Road
Hay's Service Station 1 Mill Street
Lamoille Valley Ford 222 Vermont Route 15 West
Mike's Gulf Service Center 22 South Main Street
Kirby
Lyndon
Waste Sites:
Cumberland Farms - Lyndonville Broad Street
Lyndonville Texaco (Nicks Gas & Go) Vt Route 5
Vt Tap And Die Corp 79 Main St

52
Waste Sites:
* Parker Landfill Lily Pond Road
Caledonia Oil Service Station 97 Main Street
Former Brooks Store Rt 5
Jons Automotive Route 5
Lyndon Pit Stop Valero (Ville Garage) 67 Broad St
Lyndonville Savings Bank 467 Broad St
Northern Equipment Hill St Extension
Speedwell Gas Rt 5 and Red Village Rd
Waste Sites:
* Darling Hill Dump Darling Hill Road
Caledonia Oil Bulk Plant 99 Main St
Chamberlain Bus Service South Wheelock Rd
Lyndon State College College Rd.
Wheeler Sports Route 5 Broad St
Air Pollution Emmitters: GREENFIELD INDUSTRIES HAND AND EDGE TOOLS, EXCEPT
MACHINE TOOLS AND HANDSAW
LYNDON WOODWORKING WOOD HOUSEHOLD FURNITURE,
EXCEPT UPHOLSTERED
NEWPORT PLASTICS - NCIC PROPERTY PLASTICS PRODUCTS, NOT
ELSEWHERE CLASSIFIED
PLASTICS PRODUCTS, NOT ELSEWHERE
CLASSIFIED
HAND AND EDGE TOOLS, EXCEPT
MACHINE TOOLS AND HANDSAWS
VT FLEXIBLE TUBING CO INC ELECTROPLATING, PLATING,
POLISHING, ANODIZING, AND
COLORING
Waste Generators:
KENNAMETAL INC 378 MAIN ST
Waste Generators:
BROOKS PHARMACY 0808 412 BROAD ST
CUMBERLAND FARMS #4011 87 BROAD ST
IRVING OIL CORP 450 MAIN ST (PREV 97 MAIN)
LYNDON W W T P 217 ROSE LANE
LYNDONVILLE ELECTRIC DEPT VILLAG GROVE ST GARAGE
N S A INDUSTRIES LLC 815 INDUSTRIAL PKWY
N S A INDUSTRIES LLC 82 COMMERCIAL LN
NORTHEAST KINGDOM WASTE MGMT DIS 224 CHURCH ST
PRECISION COMPOSITES OF VERMONT 630 GILMAN RD
VT AEROSPACE MFG INC 966 INDUSTRIAL PARKWAY
VT FLEXIBLE TUBING CO INC HILL ST
Superfund: PARKER SANITARY LANDFILL LILY POND RD.
Underground Storage Tanks: Barry Residence Town Highway 31
Bona Realty Block 21 Depot Street
Changing Seasons Motor Lodge Route 5
Cumberland Farms #4011 87 Broad Street (Route 5)
Electric Department Garage/Fire Sta Grove Street
Fordham's Mobil 78 Broad Street Lyndonville
Fred's Propane and Heating Oil 4920 Memorial Drive (Route 5)
Kennametal 79 Main Street

53
Lyndon Institute Main Building Route 122
Lyndon Pit Stop Valero 67 Broad Street
Lyndon State College 1001 College Road
Lyndon Town Elementary School Lily Pond Road
Lyndon Town Offices 20 Park Avenue
Lyndon Ward Church of JC LD Saints Route 5
Lyndonville Armory 73 High Street
Lyndonville Circle K 450 Main Street
M & M Beverage Broad Street (Route 5)
Nick's 590 Main Street
Northern Outdoor Supply 231 Red Village Road
Organizational Maintenance Shop #5 Hill Street
Pines Rehabilitation & Health Ctr 601 Red Village Road
Terminal-Northern Gas Transport Route 122
VTrans Lyndon Garage 1630 Gilman Road
Lyndonville (See Lyndon)
Peacham
Waste Sites:
Bayley Hazen Store Danville Groton Rd
Underground Storage Tanks: Groton Maintenance Shop Route 232
Peacham Elementary School Town Highway # 46
Peacham Town Garage Town Highway #2
Ryegate
Waste Sites:
Canadian/American Rail Kimberly-Clark Mill Rd
Air Pollution Emmitters: KIMBERLY-CLARK CORP. PAPER MILLS
RYEGATE ASSOCIATES ELECTRIC SERVICES
Underground Storage Tanks: Alley's Market 2512 Scott Highway South Ryegate
Gandin Bros Inc 87 Stoneshed Road frmly River Street
Sheffield
Underground Storage Tanks: Miller's Run School 3249 VT Route 122
Stannard
St. Johnsbury
Waste Sites:
C N Brown 51 Portland St
Canterbury Inn 46 Cherry St
Cumberland Farms #4012 Portland St and U S Route 2
CVPS - Rte 5 Rte 5

54
Depot Square Apts Railroad St
Doanne & Ruggles Rt 2
Fairbanks Morse Foundry/Colt Industries High St
former House of Pizza 250 Hastings Hill
Former Portland Street Mini Mart 81 Portland St
Former Ralston Purina Plant 40 Bay St
Grace United Methodist Church 36 Central St
Irving Oil Mainway 142 Railroad St
Lewis Oil Company Bay Street
Menut & Parks 50 St Marys St
Northern Auto 125 Railroad St
Northern Petroleum - St J Bay St
Northern Petroleum Bulk Facility 521 Bay St
Rods Mobil Route 2
St Johnsbury Dump High Street
St Johnsbury Rail Yard Rt 5 and Bay St
St Johnsbury Town Storage Almshouse Rd
St Johnsbury Trucking 68 - 76 Portland St
St Johnsbury Water & Sewer Western Ave
VT N E Regional Library Tilton St
Windshield World Railroad St
Yerkes Property 1566 Vermont Route 5
Waste Sites:
Brightlock Apartments 14 Summer St
Discount Motors Route 2
Gossco Inc (Goss Tire) 37 Summer St
High Street Transfer Station High St
Lawrence Sangravco Bay St
Portland Street Valero (Bedards Mobil) Portland St
Quality Motors U S Route 5
Railroad St Texaco 125 Railroad St
Vinton Motors Route 5
Air Pollution Emitters: A CLEANER WORLD
FAIRBANKS SCALES
LYNDON WOODWORKING INC.
MOUNT PLEASANT CREMATORY
NEW ENGLAND COMPOSITES INC
NORTHEASTERN VT REGIONAL HOSPITAL
PALMER BROS DRY CLEANING
PALMER BROTHERS INCORPORATED
VERMONT DOWEL AND SQUARE
WEIDMANN ELECTRICAL TECHNOLOGY
Waste Generators:
BRADFORD OIL CO NORTHERN PETRO B 492 BAY ST
BROOKS PHARMACY 0305 502 RAILROAD ST

55
CENTRAL VT PUBLIC SERVICE S MAIN ST
CUMBERLAND FARMS #4012 105 PORTLAND ST
IRVING MAINWAY STORE #1604 142 RAILROAD ST
N S A INDUSTRIES LLC 911 INDUSTRIAL PKWY
NORTHEASTERN VT REGIONAL HOSPITA HOSPITAL DR
PALMER BROTHERS DRY CLEANERS 179 EASTERN AVE
ST JOHNSBURY ACADEMY 1000 MAIN ST
WEIDMANN ELECTRICAL TECHNOLOGY I ONE GORDON MILLS WAY
WESTERN AVE STATION 160 WESTERN AVENUE
Water Dischargers: ST. JOHNSBURY W W T F 799 BAY STREET
Underground Storage Tanks: Apartment Building Depot Square Railroad Street/Eastern Avenue
Caledonia Courthouse 1126 Main Street
Caledonia Kiln Corporation Route 5 North
Caledonia Sportswear 131 (formerly 18) Railroad Street
Canterbury Inn 46 Cherry Street
Colonial Apartments 17 Church Street
Cumberland Farms #4012 Portland Street and Concord Avenue
CVPS St Johnsbury Service Center Route 5 At South Main Street
Fairbanks Museum 81 Main Street
Fairpoint 1094 Main Street
Father Joseph Lively Parish Center 481 Summer Street
Former Chaloux Residence(Anderson) Hillside Drive RFD 1
Gilmour Ford-Chrysler 8 Memorial Drive
Good Shephard Catholic School 121 Maple Street
Horizon's Railroad Street Station 652 Railroad Street
Jiffy Go Go Mart Memorial Drive 932 Memorial Drive
Jiffy Mart Portland Street Valero 757 Portland Street
Jiffy Mart Railroad Street 189 Railroad Street
Maple Grove Farms of Vermont Inc 1052 Portland Street
MicroData GIS 1016 US Route 5 South
NE Vermont Regional Hospital Hospital Drive
North East Kingdom Human Services 560 (frmly 148) Railroad Street
Northeast Regional Correctional Ctr 1270 US Route 5 South
Office Building 9 Prospect Street
Palmer Brothers 179 Eastern Avenue
Pettyco Junction Country Store 12 Vermont Route 18
Roland D Laperle 30 Summer Street
Saint Johnsbury Highway Garage Alms House Road
Spencer Residence 1 Overclyffe Road
St John's Church 49 Winter Street
St Johnsbury Academy 1000 Main Street
St Johnsbury Center Station 1786 Memorial Drive
St Johnsbury Community Center 1249 (frmrly 36) Main Street
St Johnsbury Shell 490 Railroad Street

56
State Office Building 1068 US Route 5
The Big Apple Store 280 Portland Street
VTrans St Johnsbury Garage 1098 US Route 5
Wastewater Treatment Facility 799 Bay Street
Western Avenue Station 160 Western Avenue
WSTJ/WNKV Radio Concord Avenue
Sutton
Waste Sites:
Dans' Automotive Route 5 - Barton Rd
Muriel B. Harris Trust Pump House Drive
Waste Sites:
King George Ranch King George Rd
Walden
Waste Sites:
Walden General Store Rt 15
Underground Storage Tanks: Walden Country Store 3496 VT Route 15
Walden School 135 Cahoon Farm Road
Waterford
Waste Sites:
Classen's Crane Service 2931 Route 18
Waste Sites:
Calco, Incorporated Route 18
Air Pollution Emitters: PIKE INDUSTRIES P-706 (WATERFORD)
Waste Generators:
PIKE IND INC 2884 DUCK POND RD
Underground Storage Tanks: Waterford Elementary School 276 Duck Pond Rd
Waterford Town Garage 2727 Duck Pond Road
West Burke (See Burke)
Wheelock
Waste Sites:
Wheelock Village Store Rt 122
Underground Storage Tanks: Wheelock Village Store 1311 Route 122

57
CHITTENDEN COUNTY
Bolton
Waste Sites:
Bolton Peak Maintenance Bolton Valley Access Rd
Waste Sites:
Bolton Spill Site Route 2
Bolton Valley Holiday Resort Bolton Valley Access Road
Underground Storage Tanks: Bolton Store 3033 Theodore Roosevelt (Route 2)
Bolton Valley Base Lodge Bolton Valley Access Rd
Bolton Valley Resort Condominiums Bolton Valley Access Road
Burlington
Waste Sites:
* Pine Street Barge Canal King Street
Lawrence Griffin Residence 39 Allen St
Riverside Avenue Dump Riverside Avenue
Simon's Downtown Quick Stop 93 South Winooski Ave
Waste Sites:
102 Archibald St 102 Archibald St
131 Battery St 131 Battery St
150 Shelburne Rd 150 Shelburne Rd
151-161 St Paul 151-161 St Paul Street
453 Pine Street 453 Pine Street
Burlington Grocery 747 Pine Street
Burlington Public Works Garage Pine St.
Cannon Residence 134 Ferguson Ave
Coast Guard Depot St
Cumberland Farms #4018 661 Pine St
Cumberland Farms #4019 454 Riverside Ave
Don Cobb's Quality Used Cars 521 Shelburne Rd.
Englesby Brook Rt 7
Ethan Allen Launderette 1149 North Ave
Fletcher Allen Heath Care Colchester Ave 111 Colchester Ave
Former Bell Aircraft Dump Lakeside Avenue
Former Cullins Residence 78 Dodds Court
former Kilburn & Gates Industries 20 Kilburn St
former Maynard Auto Supply 696 Pine St
Former St. Johnsbury Trucking Pine St.
Handy's Texaco South Winooski Ave
Lake Champlain Basin Science Center College St
Leo Duncan Auto Service 291 St. Paul Street
Mansfield Professional Building 183 St Paul St
Moran Plant Lake St

58
North Beach Maintenance Facility 60 Institute Rd
Ralphs Foreign Auto Parts 616 S Willard St
Riverside Beverage 500 Riverside Ave.
Salvation Army 64 Main St
UVM-CoGen Chilling Facility Main Street
Vermont Railway - Flynn Ave 207 Flynn Ave
Westwind Condominiums 308 S Winooski Ave
Waste Sites:
14 Browns Court 14 Browns Court
140 - 140a Riverside Ave 140 - 140a Riverside Ave
151 South Champlain St. - Blinn House 151 South Champlain St.
157 South Champlain Street 157 South Champlain Street
266 Champlain St 266 Champlain St
Burlington Landfill Intervale Avenue
Daly North Street 501 North St
Dirmaier Residence 167 - 169 Loomis St
Ethan Allen Mobil 996 North Ave
Exxon Oil Terminal 199 Flynn Ave
Fletcher Allen - Prospect St 1 S Prospect St
Former Gracie Roofing 87-111 Archibald St
Former Howard Bank 228 N. Winooski Ave
Gosse Court Armory 126 Gosse Court
Howard Opera House 159 Bank Street
Independent Foods S. Champlain St.
Mobil Terminal Flynn Ave
North 40 C V R Northern Properties
North Ave Mobil 1316 North Ave
North End Dry Cleaner 241-249 N Winooski Ave
Rosetti Property 175 Lakeside Avenue
Spillanes Petco 222 Riverside Ave
Spillanes Petco 222 Riverside Ave
Spillanes Texaco 125 Battery St
Taft School 14 South Williams St
Tamarack Automotive 53 Sears Lane
Vermont Gas Systems, Inc. Property 60 Riverside Avenue
Wesco Oil 82 Shelburne St
Air Pollution Emitters: BLODGETT G S CO INC
BURLINGTON CITY DPW
BURLINGTON ELECTRIC GAS TURBINE
BURLINGTON ENERGY INC
BURLINGTON INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT
BURTON CORP
CHITTENDEN COUNTY TRANS AUTHORITY
EDLUND CO
ENVIRONMENTAL DEPOT

59
FLETCHER ALLEN - UHC CAMPUS
FLETCHER ALLEN HEALTH CARE MCHV
CAMPUS
GADUES DRY CLEANERS
GENERAL DYNAMICS
GENERAL DYNAMICS INDUSTRIAL
PARKWAY
GLOBAL PETROLEUM SERVICES
GULF OIL CO
JOSEPH C. MCNEIL GENERATING STATION
MORAN GENERATING
QUEEN CITY PRINTERS INC
SHEARER CHEVROLET CO INC
SPECIALTY FILAMENTS
UNIVERSITY OF VERMONT
Fossil Fuel or Nuclear Sites: MCNEIL GENERATING STATION CITY OF BURLINGTON
VERMONT GAS SYSTEMS INC. CITY OF BURLINGTON
Inactive/Closed Landfills: Burlington (Intervale) Landfill Intervale Av
Waste Generators:
FLETCHER ALLEN H C MCHV CAMPUS 111 COLCHESTER AVE
GLOBAL COMPANIES LLC 2 FLYNN AVE
UNIV OF VERMONT ENV SAFETY FACI 667 SPEAR ST UVM ESF
UNIV OF VERMONT MAIN CAMPUS 109 SOUTH PROSPECT ST
VERMONT RAILWAY INC 1 RAILWAY LN
Waste Generators:
BROOKS PHARMACY 0834 158 CHERRY ST
BURLINGTON COUNTRY CLUB PROSPECT ST
BURLINGTON FREE PRESS 191 COLLEGE ST
BURLINGTON SUBARU HYUNDAI 333 SHELBURNE RD
CHAMPLAIN OIL CO RIVERSIDE BEVER 500 RIVERSIDE AVE
EDLUND CO INC 159 INDUSTRIAL PKY
FLETCHER ALLEN H C-UHC CAMPUS 1 SOUTH PROSPECT ST
GENERAL DYNAMICS ARMAMENT SYSTEM 152 INDUSTRIAL PARKWAY
HANDYS DOWNTOWN QUICK STOP & DEL 93 S WINOOSKI AVE
LAKE CHAMPLAIN TRANSPORTATION KING ST DOCK
VALERO MARKETING & SUPPLY CO 267 BATTERY ST
Superfund: PINE STREET CANAL PINE STREET
Water Dischargers: BURLINGTON MAIN WASTEWATER
TREATMENT PLANT
53 LAVALLEY LANE
BURLINGTON NORTH END W W T F NORTH AVE
BURLINGTON RIVERSIDE WASTEWATER
TREATMENT PLANT
267 1/2 RIVERSIDE AVE
Underground Storage Tanks: A&D Service Center/Ethan Allen Citgo 1097 North Avenue

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