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course System Design for Sustainability


TODAY:
1. SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT AND DESIGN:
    THE REFERENCE FRAMEWORK
1.1 Sustainable development and system
    innovation
1.2 Evolution of sustainability within design
1.3 1.3 Introduction to product Life Cycle Design
    (LCD)
carlo vezzoli
politecnico di milano . INDACO dpt. . DIS . faculty of design . Italy

Learning Network on Sustainability


        Carlo Vezzoli                                                           AH-DESIGN, EU PROJECT
        Politecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / School of Design / Italy
course System Design for Sustainability
subject 1. Sustainable development and design: the reference framework


learning resource 1.1
Sustainable development and system
innovation
carlo vezzoli
politecnico di milano . INDACO dpt. . DIS . faculty of design . Italy

Learning Network on Sustainability




        Carlo Vezzoli                                                           AH-DESIGN, EU PROJECT
        Politecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / School of Design / Italy
CONTENTS

. a context in strong evolution (and crises)
. the sustainable development
       . environmental sustainability
       . socio-ethical sustainability
       . economic/legislative sustainability
. dimension and quality of change
. system innovation for sustainability




      Carlo Vezzoli                                                           AH-DESIGN, EU PROJECT
      Politecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / School of Design / Italy
A CONTEXT IN A STRONG EVOLUTION

. advent of information and comunication
  technologies (technologies of knowledge are at
  the based of productivity, competition and power)
. interconnection (people, ideas, images, goods,
  money, are circulating like never before)
. network society (not anymore only divided into
  independent and isolated nations or
  communities)
. enterprises in network (teamwork, networking,
  outsourcing, subcontracting, delocalisation,…)
.…

     Carlo Vezzoli                                                           AH-DESIGN, EU PROJECT
     Politecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / School of Design / Italy
A CONTEXT IN A STRUCTURAL CRISES (1/2)
ECONOMIC CRISIS (AND SOCIAL) 2008-201X:
[STRUCTURAL, NOT JUST FINANCIAL]
. crisis of the industrial model based on material consumption:
services (not products) produce 50% Europe GDP and 75% of
U.S. GDP
. high feedstock‘s prices
. global food crisis
. high global inflation
. threat of a recession in the world
. crisis of credit
. crisis of confidence in stock exchange markets
...
. unemployment



      Carlo Vezzoli                                                           AH-DESIGN, EU PROJECT
      Politecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / School of Design / Italy
A CONTEXT IN A STRUCTURAL CRISES (2/2)

ENVIROMENTAL CRISIS: THE
DISCOVERY OF ENVIROMENTAL
LIMITS (AND IRREVERSIBILITY
HARMFUL EFFECT)

1972: Meadows, Meadows, Randers,
Behrens, Limits to Growth, MIT, USA

> FIRST FORECAST OF A POSSIBLE
GOBAL ECO-SYSTEM COLLAPSE



      Carlo Vezzoli                                                           AH-DESIGN, EU PROJECT
      Politecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / School of Design / Italy
FACING THE DOUBLE CRISIS (TODAY):
SOCIO-ECONOMIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL

危机 : CRISIS ( 危 : RISK; " 机 : OPPORTUNITIES ')
in Chinese (as in other languages), the word crisis
has two meanings, risk and opportunity

. many (rightly) talk about risks
. we should/must (also) talk about opportunities

[the same nature of design is to consider the
opportunities and become its promoter]


      Carlo Vezzoli                                                           AH-DESIGN, EU PROJECT
      Politecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / School of Design / Italy
[about opportunities]
A KEY CONTEMPORARY QUERRY:
WITHIN THE ENVIRONMENTAL AND ECONOMICAL
CRISIS WHICH ARE THE OPPORTUNITIES?

DO WE KNOW ANY OFFER/BUSINESS MODELS
CAPABLE OF CREATING (NEW) VALUE
DECOUPLING IT FROM THE MATERIALS AND
ENERGY CONSUMPTION?
> significantly reducing the environmental impact
of traditional production/consumption systems?



     Carlo Vezzoli                                                           AH-DESIGN, EU PROJECT
     Politecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / School of Design / Italy
SUSTAINABILITY: INTERNATIONAL PRIORITIES?

"The threat of climate change is serious, urgent and growing."

"The response to this challenge of our generation will be judged
by history, to the point that if we fail, we risk to deliver to
future generations an irreversible catastrophe"

"There is now a widespread understanding of the urgency of
the challenge we are facing. We know what must be done. "

Barack Hussein Obama, USA president, September 22, 2009,
the UN General Assembly



       Carlo Vezzoli                                                           AH-DESIGN, EU PROJECT
       Politecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / School of Design / Italy
EDUCATION INTERNATIONAL PRIORITY

2005-2014: UNITED NATION DECADE ON
EDUCATION FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

integrate the principles, values,
and practices of sustainable
development into all aspects of
education and learning

even DESIGN FOR
SUSTAINABILITY starts to be
diffused in the curricula of
design schools


      Carlo Vezzoli                                                           AH-DESIGN, EU PROJECT
      Politecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / School of Design / Italy
THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT:
A SOCIAL AND PRODUCTIVE DEVELOPMENT
that takes place within the limits set by the
“nature” and meets the needs of the present
without compromising those of the future
generation within a world-wide equitable
distribution of resources
. 1987: Our common future, WCED, ONU (first definition)
. 1991: Caring for the earth, UNEP, WWF, IUCN
. 1992: conference ONU, Environment and development, Rio de Janeiro
. 1994: fifth environmental action plan, European Commission
 …
. 2002: summit ONU, Sustainable development, Johannesburg
. 2006/2009: Sustainable Development Strategy (SDS), European
Commission
. 2005-2014: Decade UNESCO “Education for Sustainable development”

        Carlo Vezzoli                                                           AH-DESIGN, EU PROJECT
        Politecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / School of Design / Italy
THE SUSTAINABILITY DIMENSIONS
ENVIRONMENTAL: CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL
- not to exceed the biosphere and geosphere
   “resilience”
SOCIO-ETHICAL
- same resources (satisfaction) level for future
   generations
- equity in the distribution of resources (satisfaction)
ECONOMIC (AND LEGISLATIVE)
- economically practicable and prosperous solutions


      Carlo Vezzoli                                                           AH-DESIGN, EU PROJECT
      Politecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / School of Design / Italy
THE ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY

[THE UNDERSTANDING OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUE]



THE HARMFULNESS/IRREVERSIBILITY OF THE
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS/EFFECTS




     Carlo Vezzoli                                                           AH-DESIGN, EU PROJECT
     Politecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / School of Design / Italy
serra
            greenhouse effect



Carlo Vezzoli                                                           AH-DESIGN, EU PROJECT
Politecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / School of Design / Italy
ozono




ozone layer deplation
   Carlo Vezzoli                                                           AH-DESIGN, EU PROJECT
   Politecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / School of Design / Italy
eutrhophication



Carlo Vezzoli                                                           AH-DESIGN, EU PROJECT
Politecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / School of Design / Italy
acidification

Carlo Vezzoli                                                           AH-DESIGN, EU PROJECT
Politecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / School of Design / Italy
t
                                                                        o
                                                                        x
                                                                        i
                                                                        c
                                                                        i
                                                                        t
Carlo Vezzoli
                                                                        y   AH-DESIGN, EU PROJECT
Politecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / School of Design / Italy
rifiuti
                                                   wastes




Carlo Vezzoli                                                           AH-DESIGN, EU PROJECT
Politecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / School of Design / Italy
ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY: ACTIONS


PRESERVE THE RESOURCES
PREVENT THE POLLUTION




    Carlo Vezzoli                                                           AH-DESIGN, EU PROJECT
    Politecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / School of Design / Italy
ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY: SCENARIOS

BIO-COMPATIBILITY
resources flows compatible with the natural system

NON-INTERFERENCE
“self-financing” of the artificial system’s resource
flows

DEMATERIALIZATION
reduction of the resources flows to satisfy a
particular social demand of needs and desires


      Carlo Vezzoli                                                           AH-DESIGN, EU PROJECT
      Politecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / School of Design / Italy
SOCIO-ETHICAL SUSTAINABILITY
EQUITY PRINCIPLE [UN, Johannesburg, 2002]
“every person, in a fair distribution of resources, has a right to
the same environmental space, i.e. to the same availability of
global natural resources”
(or better, to the same level of “satisfaction” that can be
achieved from these resources in different ways)

SOCIAL EQUITY AND COHESION [EU, SDS, 2006/2009]
“promotion of a democratic, socially inclusive, cohesive,
healthy, safe and just society with respect for fundamental
rights and cultural diversity that creates equal opportunities
and combats discrimination in all its forms”



       Carlo Vezzoli                                                           AH-DESIGN, EU PROJECT
       Politecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / School of Design / Italy
THE SOCIO-ETHICAL DIMENSION: ACTIONS
ERADICATING POVERTY
11.2010: FAO
THE STATE OF THE FOOD INSECURITY IN THE WORLD




     Carlo Vezzoli                                                           AH-DESIGN, EU PROJECT
     Politecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / School of Design / Italy
THE SOCIO-ETHICAL DIM.: (OTHER) ACTIONS

[. eradicating poverty]
. promotion of principles and rules of democracy
. promotion of human rights and freedom
. achievement of peace and security
. access to information, training, employment
. respect for cultural diversity, regional identity




      Carlo Vezzoli                                                           AH-DESIGN, EU PROJECT
      Politecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / School of Design / Italy
ECONOMIC SUSTAINABILITY

ECONOMIC PROSPERITY [EU, SDS, 2006]
promote a prosperous, innovative, knowledge-rich,
competitive and eco-efficient economy
which provides high living standards and full and high-
quality employment




      Carlo Vezzoli                                                           AH-DESIGN, EU PROJECT
      Politecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / School of Design / Italy
ECONOMIC (LEGISLATIVE) SUSTAINABILITY: ACTIONS

PROPER ATTRIBUTION OF THE COSTS TO RESOURCES
environmental resources’ costs “internalisation”


ORIENTING (MAIN) ONGOING TRANSITIONS
interconnection, glocalization, services, information, etc.

ENHANCING PROMISING (OF NICHE) ECONOMIC MODELS
e.g. sustainable system innovation or distributed
economies



       Carlo Vezzoli                                                           AH-DESIGN, EU PROJECT
       Politecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / School of Design / Italy
SUSTAINABILITY: SIZE OF CHANGE

IN 50 YEARS A WORLD-WIDE EQUITABLE SYSTEMS
OF PRODUCTION AND CONSUMPTION SHOULD USE
~90% LESS RESOURCES THAN THE
INDUSTRIALISED CONTEXTS ARE DOING TODAY


. 1993: Wuppertal institute,vari report
. 1993: WBCSD, Getting Eco-Efficient
. 2004: Meadows, Meadows, Randers, Behrens, Limits to
Growth: The 30-Year Update
. 2007: IPCC, Climate change report
…

      Carlo Vezzoli                                                           AH-DESIGN, EU PROJECT
      Politecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / School of Design / Italy
SUSTAINABILITY: QUALITY OF CHANGE

RADICAL CHANGE (“DISCONTINUITY”)

PROMOTE (EVEN) SYSTEM INNOVATIONS


DIFFUSED INNOVATION
PROMOTE PLAUSIBLE AND “ATTRACTIVE” (SYSTEM)
INNOVATIONS



    Carlo Vezzoli                                                           AH-DESIGN, EU PROJECT
    Politecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / School of Design / Italy
SYSTEM INNOVATIONS
from the process and product innovation
to the system innovation:
  innovation of the value production system as the
  mix of products and services that are together
  able to fulfil a particular demand of (customer)
  “satisfaction”

“A value system includes the value chains of a firm's supplier
  (and their suppliers all the way back), the firm itself, the
  firm distribution channels, and the firm's buyers (and
  presumably extended to the buyers of their products, and
  so on).” [Michael Porter, 2006]




      Carlo Vezzoli                                                           AH-DESIGN, EU PROJECT
      Politecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / School of Design / Italy

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1.1 sustainable development and system innovation vezzoli 11-12 (28)

  • 1. course System Design for Sustainability TODAY: 1. SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT AND DESIGN: THE REFERENCE FRAMEWORK 1.1 Sustainable development and system innovation 1.2 Evolution of sustainability within design 1.3 1.3 Introduction to product Life Cycle Design (LCD) carlo vezzoli politecnico di milano . INDACO dpt. . DIS . faculty of design . Italy Learning Network on Sustainability Carlo Vezzoli AH-DESIGN, EU PROJECT Politecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / School of Design / Italy
  • 2. course System Design for Sustainability subject 1. Sustainable development and design: the reference framework learning resource 1.1 Sustainable development and system innovation carlo vezzoli politecnico di milano . INDACO dpt. . DIS . faculty of design . Italy Learning Network on Sustainability Carlo Vezzoli AH-DESIGN, EU PROJECT Politecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / School of Design / Italy
  • 3. CONTENTS . a context in strong evolution (and crises) . the sustainable development . environmental sustainability . socio-ethical sustainability . economic/legislative sustainability . dimension and quality of change . system innovation for sustainability Carlo Vezzoli AH-DESIGN, EU PROJECT Politecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / School of Design / Italy
  • 4. A CONTEXT IN A STRONG EVOLUTION . advent of information and comunication technologies (technologies of knowledge are at the based of productivity, competition and power) . interconnection (people, ideas, images, goods, money, are circulating like never before) . network society (not anymore only divided into independent and isolated nations or communities) . enterprises in network (teamwork, networking, outsourcing, subcontracting, delocalisation,…) .… Carlo Vezzoli AH-DESIGN, EU PROJECT Politecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / School of Design / Italy
  • 5. A CONTEXT IN A STRUCTURAL CRISES (1/2) ECONOMIC CRISIS (AND SOCIAL) 2008-201X: [STRUCTURAL, NOT JUST FINANCIAL] . crisis of the industrial model based on material consumption: services (not products) produce 50% Europe GDP and 75% of U.S. GDP . high feedstock‘s prices . global food crisis . high global inflation . threat of a recession in the world . crisis of credit . crisis of confidence in stock exchange markets ... . unemployment Carlo Vezzoli AH-DESIGN, EU PROJECT Politecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / School of Design / Italy
  • 6. A CONTEXT IN A STRUCTURAL CRISES (2/2) ENVIROMENTAL CRISIS: THE DISCOVERY OF ENVIROMENTAL LIMITS (AND IRREVERSIBILITY HARMFUL EFFECT) 1972: Meadows, Meadows, Randers, Behrens, Limits to Growth, MIT, USA > FIRST FORECAST OF A POSSIBLE GOBAL ECO-SYSTEM COLLAPSE Carlo Vezzoli AH-DESIGN, EU PROJECT Politecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / School of Design / Italy
  • 7. FACING THE DOUBLE CRISIS (TODAY): SOCIO-ECONOMIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL 危机 : CRISIS ( 危 : RISK; " 机 : OPPORTUNITIES ') in Chinese (as in other languages), the word crisis has two meanings, risk and opportunity . many (rightly) talk about risks . we should/must (also) talk about opportunities [the same nature of design is to consider the opportunities and become its promoter] Carlo Vezzoli AH-DESIGN, EU PROJECT Politecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / School of Design / Italy
  • 8. [about opportunities] A KEY CONTEMPORARY QUERRY: WITHIN THE ENVIRONMENTAL AND ECONOMICAL CRISIS WHICH ARE THE OPPORTUNITIES? DO WE KNOW ANY OFFER/BUSINESS MODELS CAPABLE OF CREATING (NEW) VALUE DECOUPLING IT FROM THE MATERIALS AND ENERGY CONSUMPTION? > significantly reducing the environmental impact of traditional production/consumption systems? Carlo Vezzoli AH-DESIGN, EU PROJECT Politecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / School of Design / Italy
  • 9. SUSTAINABILITY: INTERNATIONAL PRIORITIES? "The threat of climate change is serious, urgent and growing." "The response to this challenge of our generation will be judged by history, to the point that if we fail, we risk to deliver to future generations an irreversible catastrophe" "There is now a widespread understanding of the urgency of the challenge we are facing. We know what must be done. " Barack Hussein Obama, USA president, September 22, 2009, the UN General Assembly Carlo Vezzoli AH-DESIGN, EU PROJECT Politecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / School of Design / Italy
  • 10. EDUCATION INTERNATIONAL PRIORITY 2005-2014: UNITED NATION DECADE ON EDUCATION FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT integrate the principles, values, and practices of sustainable development into all aspects of education and learning even DESIGN FOR SUSTAINABILITY starts to be diffused in the curricula of design schools Carlo Vezzoli AH-DESIGN, EU PROJECT Politecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / School of Design / Italy
  • 11. THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT: A SOCIAL AND PRODUCTIVE DEVELOPMENT that takes place within the limits set by the “nature” and meets the needs of the present without compromising those of the future generation within a world-wide equitable distribution of resources . 1987: Our common future, WCED, ONU (first definition) . 1991: Caring for the earth, UNEP, WWF, IUCN . 1992: conference ONU, Environment and development, Rio de Janeiro . 1994: fifth environmental action plan, European Commission … . 2002: summit ONU, Sustainable development, Johannesburg . 2006/2009: Sustainable Development Strategy (SDS), European Commission . 2005-2014: Decade UNESCO “Education for Sustainable development” Carlo Vezzoli AH-DESIGN, EU PROJECT Politecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / School of Design / Italy
  • 12. THE SUSTAINABILITY DIMENSIONS ENVIRONMENTAL: CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL - not to exceed the biosphere and geosphere “resilience” SOCIO-ETHICAL - same resources (satisfaction) level for future generations - equity in the distribution of resources (satisfaction) ECONOMIC (AND LEGISLATIVE) - economically practicable and prosperous solutions Carlo Vezzoli AH-DESIGN, EU PROJECT Politecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / School of Design / Italy
  • 13. THE ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY [THE UNDERSTANDING OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUE] THE HARMFULNESS/IRREVERSIBILITY OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS/EFFECTS Carlo Vezzoli AH-DESIGN, EU PROJECT Politecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / School of Design / Italy
  • 14. serra greenhouse effect Carlo Vezzoli AH-DESIGN, EU PROJECT Politecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / School of Design / Italy
  • 15. ozono ozone layer deplation Carlo Vezzoli AH-DESIGN, EU PROJECT Politecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / School of Design / Italy
  • 16. eutrhophication Carlo Vezzoli AH-DESIGN, EU PROJECT Politecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / School of Design / Italy
  • 17. acidification Carlo Vezzoli AH-DESIGN, EU PROJECT Politecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / School of Design / Italy
  • 18. t o x i c i t Carlo Vezzoli y AH-DESIGN, EU PROJECT Politecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / School of Design / Italy
  • 19. rifiuti wastes Carlo Vezzoli AH-DESIGN, EU PROJECT Politecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / School of Design / Italy
  • 20. ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY: ACTIONS PRESERVE THE RESOURCES PREVENT THE POLLUTION Carlo Vezzoli AH-DESIGN, EU PROJECT Politecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / School of Design / Italy
  • 21. ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY: SCENARIOS BIO-COMPATIBILITY resources flows compatible with the natural system NON-INTERFERENCE “self-financing” of the artificial system’s resource flows DEMATERIALIZATION reduction of the resources flows to satisfy a particular social demand of needs and desires Carlo Vezzoli AH-DESIGN, EU PROJECT Politecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / School of Design / Italy
  • 22. SOCIO-ETHICAL SUSTAINABILITY EQUITY PRINCIPLE [UN, Johannesburg, 2002] “every person, in a fair distribution of resources, has a right to the same environmental space, i.e. to the same availability of global natural resources” (or better, to the same level of “satisfaction” that can be achieved from these resources in different ways) SOCIAL EQUITY AND COHESION [EU, SDS, 2006/2009] “promotion of a democratic, socially inclusive, cohesive, healthy, safe and just society with respect for fundamental rights and cultural diversity that creates equal opportunities and combats discrimination in all its forms” Carlo Vezzoli AH-DESIGN, EU PROJECT Politecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / School of Design / Italy
  • 23. THE SOCIO-ETHICAL DIMENSION: ACTIONS ERADICATING POVERTY 11.2010: FAO THE STATE OF THE FOOD INSECURITY IN THE WORLD Carlo Vezzoli AH-DESIGN, EU PROJECT Politecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / School of Design / Italy
  • 24. THE SOCIO-ETHICAL DIM.: (OTHER) ACTIONS [. eradicating poverty] . promotion of principles and rules of democracy . promotion of human rights and freedom . achievement of peace and security . access to information, training, employment . respect for cultural diversity, regional identity Carlo Vezzoli AH-DESIGN, EU PROJECT Politecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / School of Design / Italy
  • 25. ECONOMIC SUSTAINABILITY ECONOMIC PROSPERITY [EU, SDS, 2006] promote a prosperous, innovative, knowledge-rich, competitive and eco-efficient economy which provides high living standards and full and high- quality employment Carlo Vezzoli AH-DESIGN, EU PROJECT Politecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / School of Design / Italy
  • 26. ECONOMIC (LEGISLATIVE) SUSTAINABILITY: ACTIONS PROPER ATTRIBUTION OF THE COSTS TO RESOURCES environmental resources’ costs “internalisation” ORIENTING (MAIN) ONGOING TRANSITIONS interconnection, glocalization, services, information, etc. ENHANCING PROMISING (OF NICHE) ECONOMIC MODELS e.g. sustainable system innovation or distributed economies Carlo Vezzoli AH-DESIGN, EU PROJECT Politecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / School of Design / Italy
  • 27. SUSTAINABILITY: SIZE OF CHANGE IN 50 YEARS A WORLD-WIDE EQUITABLE SYSTEMS OF PRODUCTION AND CONSUMPTION SHOULD USE ~90% LESS RESOURCES THAN THE INDUSTRIALISED CONTEXTS ARE DOING TODAY . 1993: Wuppertal institute,vari report . 1993: WBCSD, Getting Eco-Efficient . 2004: Meadows, Meadows, Randers, Behrens, Limits to Growth: The 30-Year Update . 2007: IPCC, Climate change report … Carlo Vezzoli AH-DESIGN, EU PROJECT Politecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / School of Design / Italy
  • 28. SUSTAINABILITY: QUALITY OF CHANGE RADICAL CHANGE (“DISCONTINUITY”) PROMOTE (EVEN) SYSTEM INNOVATIONS DIFFUSED INNOVATION PROMOTE PLAUSIBLE AND “ATTRACTIVE” (SYSTEM) INNOVATIONS Carlo Vezzoli AH-DESIGN, EU PROJECT Politecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / School of Design / Italy
  • 29. SYSTEM INNOVATIONS from the process and product innovation to the system innovation: innovation of the value production system as the mix of products and services that are together able to fulfil a particular demand of (customer) “satisfaction” “A value system includes the value chains of a firm's supplier (and their suppliers all the way back), the firm itself, the firm distribution channels, and the firm's buyers (and presumably extended to the buyers of their products, and so on).” [Michael Porter, 2006] Carlo Vezzoli AH-DESIGN, EU PROJECT Politecnico di Milano / INDACO dept. / DIS / School of Design / Italy