1. carlo vezzoli politecnico di milano . INDACO dpt. . DIS . School of design . Italy Learning Network on Sustainability course System Design for Sustainability Subject 6 . Methods and tools for SDS learning resource 6.3 (Other) system design tools

2. CONTENTS . DESCPRIPTION OF SDS TOOLS . (STAKEHOLDER) SYSTEM MAP . INTERACTION TABLE and STORY-BOARD . SATISFACTION OFFERING DIAGRAM . SDS TOOLS COMMON CHARACTERISTICS

3. DESCPRIPTION OF SDS TOOLS . aims and description . how to use . integration in the MSDS design process . software and/or other supports

4. The tool was developed by Francois Jégou within the EU funded research: HiCS - Highly Customerised Solutions, Solution-oriented design, production and delivery systems (European Research, GROWTH Programme / European 5th Framework). (STAKEHOLDER) SYSTEM MAP

5. (STAKEHOLDER) SYSTEM MAP AIM: to design (co-design) and visualise the configuration of the system, describing the involved stakeholders and their interactions

6. (STAKEHOLDER) SYSTEM MAP WHAT IT CONSISTS OF: a graphical representation containing: > stakeholders involved > flows/interactions: physical, financial informational, and labor performance

7. (STAKEHOLDER) SYSTEM MAP WHAT IT CONSISTS OF: > a codified representation: because it's a "technical drawing“ allowing to represent alternative system in a reproducible and comparable way

8. (STAKEHOLDER) SYSTEM MAP WHAT IT CONSISTS OF: > a progressive representation: because is a "formalisation-in-progress" since is giving a more and more accurate picture of the configuration along its development

9. HOW TO BUILD UP A SYSTEM MAP?

10. Platform boundary System boundary secondary stakeholders main stakeholders (STAKEHOLDER) SYSTEM MAP

11. Catering provider Health adviser Offices E-meal Food providers E-meal appliance producer Structure icon Characterization icon Slogan (STAKEHOLDER) SYSTEM MAP

12. structure characterisation + slogan Bio food provider + icon Bio food provider = Logistic provider Local delivery shop Logistic provider + + + + = = BASIC RULE TO REPRESENT EACH STAKEHOLDER (STAKEHOLDER) SYSTEM MAP Local delivery shop

13. Catering provider Health adviser Offices E-meal Food providers E-meal appliance producer MAIN STAKEHOLDER Big icon SECONDARY STAKEHOLDER Small icon (STAKEHOLDER) SYSTEM MAP

14. Food providers Health adviser E-meal diet advice service with meal ordering employees order the day before by internet… companies contract service for their employees… meals are delivered in companies… employees pick-up their meal when they want… vegetable, dairy and bread products ARROW + DESCRIPTION (STAKEHOLDER) SYSTEM MAP Catering provider E-meal appliance producer Offices

15. Food providers Health adviser E-meal diet advice service with meal ordering employees order the day before by internet… companies contract service for their employees… meals are delivered in companies… employees pick-up their meal when they want… vegetable, dairy and bread products MATERIAL FLOWS (STAKEHOLDER) SYSTEM MAP Catering provider E-meal appliance producer Offices

16. Food providers Health adviser E-meal diet advice service with meal ordering employees order the day before by internet… companies contract service for their employees… meals are delivered in companies… employees pick-up their meal when they want… vegetable, dairy and bread products INFORMATION FLOWS (STAKEHOLDER) SYSTEM MAP Catering provider E-meal appliance producer Offices

17. Food providers Health adviser E-meal diet advice service with meal ordering employees order the day before by internet… companies contract service for their employees… meals are delivered in companies… employees pick-up their meal when they want… vegetable, dairy and bread products FINANCIAL FLOWS (STAKEHOLDER) SYSTEM MAP Catering provider E-meal appliance producer Offices

18. E-meal diet advice service with meal ordering employees order the day before by internet… companies contract service for their employees… meals are delivered in companies… employees pick-up their meal when they want… vegetable, dairy and bread products (STAKEHOLDER) SYSTEM MAP Catering provider Food providers Health adviser E-meal appliance producer Offices DARK GREY CORE FLOWS LIGHT GREY SECONDARY FLOWS

19. start E-meal diet advice service with meal ordering 2. employees order the day before by internet… 1. companies contract service for their employees… 3. meals are delivered in companies… 4. employees pick-up their meal when they want… vegetable, dairy and bread products READING ORDER (STAKEHOLDER) SYSTEM MAP Catering provider Food providers Health adviser E-meal appliance producer Offices

20. READING ORDER start (STAKEHOLDER) SYSTEM MAP Catering provider Food providers Health adviser E-meal appliance producer Offices E-meal diet advice service with meal ordering 2. employees order the day before by internet… 1. companies contract service for their employees… 3. meals are delivered in companies… 4. employees pick-up their meal when they want… vegetable, dairy and bread products

21. integration in the design process increasing the detail level (STAKEHOLDER) SYSTEM MAP STRATEGIC ANALYSIS EXPLORING OPPORTUNITIES SYSTEM CONCEPT DESIGN SYSTEM DESIGN (AND ENGIN.) COMMUNICATION ANALYSIS OF THE PROJECT PROMOTERS ANALYSIS OF THE REFERENCE CONTEXT ANALYSIS OF BEST PRACTICES ANALYSIS OF THE REFERENCE STRUCTURE DEFINITION OF SUSTAINABILITY DESIGN PRIORITIES IDEAS GENERATION ORIENTED TO SUSTAINABILITY DEVELEPMENT OF THE SUSTAINABILITY DESIGN ORIENTING SCENARIO - VISIONS/CLUSTERS/IDEAS VISIONS, CLUSTERS AND IDEAS SELECTION SYSTEM CONCEPT DEVELOPMENT ENV., SOC. & ECON. CHECK SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT (EXECUTIVE LEVEL) ENV., SOC. & ECON. CHECK DOCUMENTS EDITING describe the system configuration of the reference structure and of best practices formalisation of the tentative system configuration ideas development of the system configuration concept further development (in details) of the system configuration

22. SOFTWARE AND OTHER SUPPORTS: . standardized icons built using presentation software (e.g. open office, powerpoint ). . a basic template facilitate the construction of the System Map in a systematic and uniform way. > www.lens.polimi.it / tool a powerpoint file could be downloaded, in which you can find… (STAKEHOLDER) SYSTEM MAP

23. industrial company services company local shop collective house public istitution local association individual house school mobile shop PUBLIC ISTITUTIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS HOMES COMPANIES AND STORES … structure icons… (STAKEHOLDER) SYSTEM MAP

24. … characterization icons (activities)… EATING TRANSPORTING COMMUNICATING WORKING IN OFFICE (STAKEHOLDER) SYSTEM MAP

25. … characterization icons (people)… GENERAL PEOPLE PEOPLE AT WORK (STAKEHOLDER) SYSTEM MAP

26. … flows Material flow Information flow Financial flow core PSS performance one way flow exchange 1. vegetables timing and description of the flow Labour performance alternative PSS performance, implementation or back-office flows (STAKEHOLDER) SYSTEM MAP

27. SOFTWARE AND OTHER SUPPORTS: COPY AND PASTE THE ELEMENTS FROM THE LIBRARIES TO THE LAYOUT (STAKEHOLDER) SYSTEM MAP

28. SOFTWARE AND OTHER SUPPORTS: on www.lens.polimi.it “ Tools” section (STAKEHOLDER) SYSTEM MAP OPEN SOURCE LIBRARIES

29. INTERACTION TABLE and STORY-BOARD INTERACTION TABLE STORY BOARD The tools were developed by DIS unit of research from the work did by Daniela Sangiorgi within the EU funded research: MEPSS European research project (Methodology for Product Service Systems) Growth Programme / European 5th Framework.

30. AIM: to design (co-design) and visualise the functioning of the system as a multiple-row (one for each stakeholder) narrative (story) of the front-desk (with the clients) and back-stage interactions (between other stakeholders) INTERACTION TABLE

31. WHAT IT CONSISTS OF: it is a graphical representation containing: > the sequence of images , representing (in time) the various interactions of the different stakeholders > and short texts , describing the specific role played by each stakeholders in each single interaction INTERACTION TABLE

32. INTERACTION TABLE USER ROLE SYSTEM ROLE

33. INTERACTION TABLE SHORT TEXT IMAGE

34. INTERACTION TABLE IMAGES SHOULD CONTAINE ONLY NECESSARY ELEMENTS… ...A BACKGROUND REPRESENTING THE CONTEXT OF EACH ACTION … AND THE STAKEHOLDERS (HIGHLIGHTED FROM THE BACKGROUND)

35. INTERACTION TABLE SERVICE ACTION SOLUTION ELEMENTS NEEDED TO CARRY OUT THE SERVICE ATION

36. INTERACTION TABLE

37. INTERACTION TABLE

38. integration in the design process increasing the detail level INTERACTION TABLE STRATEGIC ANALYSIS EXPLORING OPPORTUNITIES SYSTEM CONCEPT DESIGN SYSTEM DESIGN (AND ENGIN.) COMMUNICATION ANALYSIS OF THE PROJECT PROMOTERS ANALYSIS OF THE REFERENCE CONTEXT ANALYSIS OF BEST PRACTICES ANALYSIS OF THE REFERENCE STRUCTURE DEFINITION OF SUSTAINABILITY DESIGN PRIORITIES IDEAS GENERATION ORIENTED TO SUSTAINABILITY DEVELEPMENT OF THE SUSTAINABILITY DESIGN ORIENTING SCENARIO - VISIONS/CLUSTERS/IDEAS VISIONS, CLUSTERS AND IDEAS SELECTION SYSTEM CONCEPT DEVELOPMENT ENV., SOC. & ECON. CHECK SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT (EXECUTIVE LEVEL) ENV., SOC. & ECON. CHECK DOCUMENTS EDITING analyze the existing system and/or the best practices describing various interactions further development (in details) of all the system interactions visualization of the interactions of the developed concept

39. SOFTWARE AND OTHER SUPPORTS: Based on spreadsheet applications (e.g. open-office, excel ) [model downloadable www.lens.polimi.it / tools] INTERACTION TABLE

40. combine the images to realize the visualization: CONTEXT IMAGES PEOPLE IMAGES INTERACTION TABLE SOFTWARE AND OTHER SUPPORTS: Open source library of images www.lens.polimi.it

41. if the aim is to show (to the client or to the other actors involved in the project) the functioning of the system… INTERACTION TABLE … INTERACTION TABLE is not the most effective tool

42. STORY BOARD if the aim is to show (to the client or to the other actors involved in the project) the functioning of the system… … it is suggested to use the STORY BOARD

43. STORY BOARD AIM: to visualise the functioning of the system as single row (all stakeholders in one) narrative (story) of the front-desk (with the clients) and back-stage interactions (between other stakeholders)

44. IN WHAT IT CONSISTS OF: abstract of the interaction table showing, in one single linear sequence, the functioning of the system (back stage and front office interactions) STORY BOARD

45. PRESENTATION SUPPORT (1) PAPER visualisation of the interactions on one or more pages STORY BOARD

46. STORY BOARD ABSTRACT FROM INTERACTION TABLE: ONLY THE INTERACTIONS FUNCTIONAL TO THE NARRATIVE SINGLE LINEAR SEQUENCE

47. STORY BOARD COLOURS CORRESPOND TO THE ACTORS INVOLVED IN THE SYSTEM

48. PRESENTATION SUPPORT (2) VIDEO visualisation of 1 or 2 interactions at one time STORY BOARD

49. STORY BOARD 6 The Reconstructed team manages all the data using a database. Moreover it works as a service hub for people who want to work as drivers. NAVIGATOR INTERACTION IMAGE TEXT INTERACTION NUMBER

50. STORY BOARD 6 The Reconstructed team manages all the data using a database. Moreover it works as a service hub for people who want to work as drivers. INDICATION OF THE DIFFERENT SYSTEM PHASES INDICATIONOF THE DIFFERENT ACTORS LINK BETWEEN THE VISUALISED INTERACTION AND THE WHOLE SEQUENCE

51. STORY BOARD 6 The Reconstructed team manages all the data using a database. Moreover it works as a service hub for people who want to work as drivers. COLOUR OF THE FRAME CHARACTERISES THE ACTOR

52. integration in the design process increasing the detail level INTERACTION TABLE (STORY-BOARD) STRATEGIC ANALYSIS EXPLORING OPPORTUNITIES SYSTEM CONCEPT DESIGN SYSTEM DESIGN (AND ENGIN.) COMMUNICATION ANALYSIS OF THE PROJECT PROMOTERS ANALYSIS OF THE REFERENCE CONTEXT ANALYSIS OF BEST PRACTICES ANALYSIS OF THE REFERENCE STRUCTURE DEFINITION OF SUSTAINABILITY DESIGN PRIORITIES IDEAS GENERATION ORIENTED TO SUSTAINABILITY DEVELEPMENT OF THE SUSTAINABILITY DESIGN ORIENTING SCENARIO - VISIONS/CLUSTERS/IDEAS VISIONS, CLUSTERS AND IDEAS SELECTION SYSTEM CONCEPT DEVELOPMENT ENV., SOC. & ECON. CHECK SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT (EXECUTIVE LEVEL) ENV., SOC. & ECON. CHECK DOCUMENTS EDITING present the sequence of the system interactions (on concept level) present the sequence of the system interactions (on a executive level)

53. SOFTWARE: STORY BOARD PRESENTATION ON PAPER SUPPORT graphic softwares (for ex. Adobe Photoshop, Illustrator,…)

54. SOFTWARE: STORY BOARD graphic softwares (for ex. Adobe Photoshop, Illustrator, ecc.) for the images elaboration slideshow software (Microsoft Powerpoint or Open Office) for the vialusation PRESENTATION ON VIDEO

55. SATISFACTION OFFERING DIAGRAM WEEKLY/DAILY PREORDER FOOD DELIVERY The tools was developed by Francois Jégou within the EU funded research: MEPSS European research project (Methodology for Product Service Systems) Growth Programme / European 5th Framework. INGREDIENTS SELECTION

56. AIM: describe in one shot the main satisfaction offered to the user/customer, and how this is delivered SATISFACTION OFFERING DIAGRAM

57. IN WHAT IT CONSISTS OF: is a graphical representation that containing: > the visualisation of the core satisfaction provided by the system > the visualisation of the sub-offers (through which the satisfaction is delivered) > the description of how the sub-offers will be delivered SATISFACTION OFFERING DIAGRAM

58. SATISFACTION OFFERING DIAGRAM CORE SATISFACTION DELIVERED BY THE SYSTEM

59. WEEKLY/DAILY PREORDER FOOD DELIVERY SATISFACTION OFFERING DIAGRAM INGREDIENTS SELECTION Cooperatives of local producers provide the campus Biologic food Students select food basing on seasonal availability On line preorder based on the disponibility Using internet or campus’ information points Where you want inside the campus Using rickshaws SUB-OFFER HOW THE SUB-OFFER ARE DELIVERED

60. integration in the design process increasing the detail level SATISFACTION OFFERING DIAGRAM STRATEGIC ANALYSIS EXPLORING OPPORTUNITIES SYSTEM CONCEPT DESIGN SYSTEM DESIGN (AND ENGIN.) COMMUNICATION ANALYSIS OF THE PROJECT PROMOTERS ANALYSIS OF THE REFERENCE CONTEXT ANALYSIS OF BEST PRACTICES ANALYSIS OF THE REFERENCE STRUCTURE DEFINITION OF SUSTAINABILITY DESIGN PRIORITIES IDEAS GENERATION ORIENTED TO SUSTAINABILITY DEVELEPMENT OF THE SUSTAINABILITY DESIGN ORIENTING SCENARIO - VISIONS/CLUSTERS/IDEAS VISIONS, CLUSTERS AND IDEAS SELECTION SYSTEM CONCEPT DEVELOPMENT ENV., SOC. & ECON. CHECK SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT (EXECUTIVE LEVEL) ENV., SOC. & ECON. CHECK DOCUMENTS EDITING describe the offer delivered by the system detailing the sub-satisfactions describe the different emerged ideas, indicating the main satisfaction delivered by the system describe the offer delivered by the system detailing all the sub-satisfactions

61. SOFTWARE: IMAGES ELABORATION graphic softwares (for ex. Adobe Photoshop, Illustrator,…) slideshow software (Microsoft Powerpoint or Open Office) OFFERING DIAGRAM COMPOSITION SATISFACTION OFFERING DIAGRAM

62. SDS TOOLS COMMON CHARACTERISTICS

63. DESIGN (CO-DESIGN) AND VISUALISATIO TOOLS System map Satisfaction offering diagram Solution element Interaction table Story-board Stakeholders motivation matrix VISUALISATION DESIGN CO-DESIGN

64. Tools that evolve in details during the development of the project System map Satisfaction offering diagram Solution element Interaction table PROGRESSIVE TOOLS Story-board Stakeholder motivation matrix PROJECT DEVELOPMENT + LEVEL OF DETAIL _