The Aztec people were Nahuatl-speaking ethnic groups who dominated parts of Mesoamerica from the 14th to 16th centuries. The term "Aztec" refers to groups like the Mexica people of Tenochtitlan. When used about ethnic groups in the postclassic period, Aztec refers to the Mexica and groups like the Acolhua and Tepanec who had roles in the Aztec empire. The Aztec empire began as a triple alliance between Tenochtitlan, Texcoco, and Tlacopan that defeated the Tepanec state and grew through trade and conquest.
2. The Aztec people were certain ethnic groups of central
Mexico, particularly those groups who spoke the
Nahuatl language and who dominated large parts of
Mesoamerica from the 14th to 16th centuries.
"Aztec" is the Nahuatl word for "people from Aztlan",]a
mythological place for the Nahuatl-speaking culture of
the time, and later adopted as the word to define the
Mexica people. Often the term "Aztec" refers
exclusively to the Mexica people of Tenochtitlan (now
the location of Mexico City), situated on an island in
Lake Texcoco, who referred to themselves as Mexica
Tenochca or Colhua-Mexica.
3.
4. AZTECS PEOPLE
When used about ethnic groups the term "Aztec" refers
to several Nahuatl speaking peoples of central Mexico in
the postclassic period of Mesoamerican
chronology, especially the ethnic group that had a
leading role in establishing the hegemonic empire based
at Tenochtitlan, the Mexica. Other ethnic groups
associated with the Aztec empire are the Acolhua and
Tepanec ethnic groups and some of the ethnic groups
that were incorporated into the empire, and the term is
also sometimes used about them. In older usage the
term was commonly used about modern Nahuatl
speaking ethnic groups, as Nahuatl was previously
referred to as the "Aztec language".
5. In recent usage these ethnic groups are rather referred to as the
Nahua peoples. Linguistically the term "Aztecan" is still used
about the branch of the Uto-Aztecan languages that includes
the Nahuatl language and its closest relatives Pochutec and
Pipil.
6. Aztec culture
Aztec culture is the culture of the people referred to as
Aztecs, but since all ethnic groups of central Mexico in the
postclassic period shared most basic cultural traits, many of the
basic traits of Aztec culture cannot be said to be exclusive for
the Aztecs. For the same reason the notion of "Aztec
civilization" is best understood as a particular horizon of a
general Mesoamerican civilization.
Among the cultural traits that the Aztecs of Tenochtitlan shared
with many other cultures of central Mexico are the agricultural
basis of maize cultivation, the basic social organization dividing
society into classes of noble pipiltin and macehualli
commoners, the complex religious beliefs and practices
including most of the pantheon, the calendric system of a
xiuhpohualli of 365 days intercalated with a tonalpohualli of 260
days. Cultural traits particular to the Aztecs of Tenochtitlan was
the veneration of the Mexica patron God Huitzilopochtli, the
construction of twin pyramids, and the ceramic ware known as
Aztec I to III.[6]
7.
8. Aztec empire
The Aztec empire was a tribute empire based in
Tenochtitlan, which extended its power throughout Mesoamerica
in the late postclassic period. It originated in 1427 as a triple
alliance between the city-states Tenochtitlan, Texcoco and
Tlacopan who allied to defeat the Tepanec state of
Azcapotzalco, that had previously dominated the Basin of Mexico.
Soon Texcoco and Tlacopan became junior partners in the
alliance which was de-facto led by the Mexico of Tenochtitlan. The
empire extended its power by a combination of trade and military
conquest.