Contenu connexe Similaire à Que pasaría si tú o un familiar enfermaran de gravedad? (20) Plus de Liliana Elena Gonzalez Castro (20) Que pasaría si tú o un familiar enfermaran de gravedad?1. 3ULPHU
SODQR
¡Que tu
bolsillo
no se
enferme!
8QD IRUPD GH HYLWDU TXH ORV JDVWRV GH VDOXG
GHELOLWHQ WX HFRQRPtD HV FRQWDU FRQ XQ 6HJXUR
GH *DVWRV 0pGLFRV 0DRUHV
5HGDFFLyQ *DEULHOD *XLOOpQ
,QYHVWLJDFLyQ DQiOLVLV
%HDWUL] +HUQiQGH]
'RORUHV 0RQGUDJyQ
3URWHMD VX GLQHUR
ZZZFRQGXVHIJREP[
2. ¿Qué pasaría
si tú o algún
familiar ¿Tendrías dinero
enfermara para
de gravedad?
pagar
los gastos?
'
H QR FRQWDU FRQ GL
QHUR SDUD SDJDU ORV
JDVWRV GHULYDGRV GH XQD
HQIHUPHGDG HV SUREDEOH TXH WXYLH
UDV TXH YHQGHU SDUWH GH WX SDWULPR
QLR R TXH GHELHUDV HQGHXGDUWH FRQ ORV JDVWRV FDX
WDO GH UHFLELU OD DWHQFLyQ QHFHVDULD VDGRV SRU XQD
8QD IRUPD GH HYLWDU TXH ORV HPHUJHQFLD PpGL
JDVWRV GH VDOXG HQIHUPHQ WX HFR FD 3DUD HOOR HV SUH
QRPtD HV FRQWDU FRQ XQ 6HJX FLVR TXH SRQJDV DWHQFLyQ
UR GH *DVWRV 0pGLFRV 0DRUHV HQ OD VXPD DVHJXUDGD HV GHFLU HQ
6*00 3. RQ pVWH XQD DVHJX OD FDQWLGDG Pi[LPD TXH SDJDUi HO
UDGRUD SDJD OD DWHQFLyQ PpGLFD VHJXUR D FRQVHFXHQFLD GH FDGD VL
TXH UHFLEDV D FDXVD GH DFFLGHQWHV QLHVWUR TXH VH WH SUHVHQWH
R HQIHUPHGDGHV VHJ~Q HO SODQ /D VXPD HV SRU HYHQWR SRU
TXH FRQWUDWHV (QWHQGHU FyPR FDGD DFFLGHQWH R HQIHUPHGDG 4. IXQFLRQD HV OD FODYH SDUD FRQWUD SRU SHUVRQD SXHGHV FRQWUDWDU
WDU DTXHO TXH PHMRU FXEUD WXV OD SRU DOJXQRV FLHQWRV GH PLOHV
QHFHVLGDGHV 7H EULQGDPRV OD LQ GH SHVRV KDVWD XQD VXPD VLQ OtPL
IRUPDFLyQ TXH UHTXLHUHV DQWHV GH WH 1R WRGRV ORV SDGHFLPLHQWRV UH
DGTXLULU XQR DVt FRPR ORV EHQHÀ SUHVHQWDQ JDVWRV GH PLOORQHV GH
FLRV TXH WH RIUHFH SHVRV SHUR H[LVWHQ H[FHSFLRQHV
1R VyOR VH WUDWD GH FRQWDU FRQ 3DUD PXHVWUD XQ FDVR HQ OD
XQ VHJXUR SRUTXH Vt HO DVXQWR HV $VRFLDFLyQ 0H[LFDQD GH ,QVWLWX
JDUDQWL]DU TXH SXHGDV VROYHQWDU FLRQHV GH 6HJXURV $0,6 6. 3ULPHU
SODQR
UHSRUWy XQ FDVR GH FiQFHU FXR $O PRPHQWR GH FRQWUDWDU DVH GHUWH HQ XQR GH SODQ LQIHULRU UHGXFH
FRVWR GH DWHQFLyQ IXH GH PiV GH J~UDWH GH VDEHU FXiQWR SDJDUiV HO SRUFHQWDMH GH WX FRDVHJXUR
WUHLQWD FXDWUR PLOORQHV GH SHVRV GH GHGXFLEOH 6L SDFWDV XQ GH 2WUR SXQWR HV HO WDEXODGRU GH
1DGLH HV PDJR SDUD VDEHU
UD GXFLEOH DOWR WX SULPD HV GHFLU KRQRUDULRV PpGLFRV HO FXDO HV
GH TXp HQIHUPDUi FXiQWR OH
XiQWR OR TXH WHQGUiV TXH SDJDU XQ OLVWDGR GH FXiQWR FREUDQ ORV
FRVWDUi RPSDUD FXiQWR iQWR SRU TXHGDU DVHJXUDGR PpGLFRV SRU VXV VHUYLFLRV 7HQHU
WH FRVWDUtD FRQWUDWDU XQD S
SXHGH VHU PHQRU 3RU XQ WDEXODGRU DOWR WH EHQHÀFLD
VXPD DVHJXUDGD OL HMH
HMHPSOR DO WRPDU XQD SRU HMHPSOR VL HO FRVWR GH XQD FL
PLWDGD XQD VLQ Ot FRR
FRWL]DFLyQ UHDO FRQ UXJtD GH DFXHUGR DO WDEXODGRU
PLWHV /D GLIHUHQFLD X
XQD VXPD DVHJXUDGD HV GH HO PpGLFR FREUD
SXHGH QR VHU PXFKD L
LOLPLWDGD FRDVHJXUR WHQGUiV TXH SDJDU OD GL
Vt LPSOLFD PDRU SUR UR G
GHO WHQHPRV TXH IHUHQFLD VL IXHUD PDRU
WHFFLyQ WUDQTXLOLGDG VDEHU FRQ XQ GHG SDJDUtDV PiV
XFLE
TXH VL XQD HQIHUPHGDG VH FRP OD SUL OH GH
PD HV GH
SOLFD QR WHQGUiV TXH SUHRFXSDU $O FRQWUDWDU XQ VHJXUR WDPELpQ
WH SRU OR HFRQyPLFR VH FRQVLGHUDQ
2WURV DVSHFWRV VRQ HO GHGXFLEOH
DO VXELU HO GHGXFLEOH D =RQD JHRJUiÀFD HO
HO FRDVHJXUR TXH VLHPSUH FRUUH
H
N
ULPD HV G
OXJDU GRQGH YLYDV
UiQ SRU WX FXHQWD FRQ OD ÀQDOLGDG S
OD
O E
GH TXH WHQJDV FRUUHVSRQVDELOLGDG S SXHGH UHSUHVHQWDU
HQ HO VLQLHVWUR (O GHGXFLEOH SXH PDRU R PHQRU ULHV
/D GLIHUHQFLD HV GH JR 7DPELpQ HO FRVWR
GH VHU XQD FDQWLGDG ÀMD R ELHQ HV
SHFLÀFDUVH HQ VDODULRV PtQLPRV $VHJ~UDWH TXH SXHGDV VROYHQ GH OD DWHQFLyQ Pp
GHEHUiV FXEULUOR DQWHV GH TXH HO WDU HO GHGXFLEOH SDFWDGR (VWDEOHFH GLFD SXHGH VHU PiV
VHJXUR FRPLHQFH D SDJDUWH DOJ~Q HQ WX DKRUUR XQ UXEUR TXH OR FRQ HOHYDGR HQ DOJXQDV
EHQHÀFLR (O FRDVHJXUR HV WX SDU WHPSOH XQD YH] TXH DOFDQFHV OD ]RQDV JHRJUiÀFDV
WLFLSDFLyQ HQ HO FRVWR WRWDO GHO VL PHWD FRQVLGpUDOR SDUWH GH WX IRQ
QLHVWUR RPR HO GHGXFLEOH VH GR GH HPHUJHQFLDV (GDG HQWUH PiV
H[SUHVD HQ SRUFHQWDMH 6LUYH SDUD 8QD HOHFFLyQ PiV HV HO QLYHO HGDG PiV ULHVJR D
HYLWDU TXH WH H[FHGDV HQ ORV JDVWRV KRVSLWDODULR HQ HO TXH WHQGUiV FRQWUDHU HQIHUPH
FRQWUDWDQGR VHUYLFLRV TXH HVWiQ GHUHFKR D DWHQGHUWH /DV DVHJX GDGHV PiV JUDYHV
IXHUD GHO QLYHO KRVSLWDODULR DFRU UDGRUDV DJUXSDQ D ORV KRVSLWD
OHV SRU HO HTXLSR PpGLFR FRQ HO 6H[R GHWHUPLQD
GDGR DO DGTXLULU WX VHJXUR
TXH FXHQWDQ GH ORV PiV DOJXQRV SDGHFL
3DUD VHU PiV FODURV
D ORV PHQRV HTXLSD PLHQWRV SURSLRV
VL XQD FLUXJtD WLHQH XQ
GRV /D HOHFFLyQ TXH GH FDGD JpQHUR
FRVWR GH HV
WDEOHFLVWH HQ WX SyOL KDJDV GHSHQGHUi GH
]D SDJDU XQ GHGXFLEOH WXV SRVLELOLGDGHV 6L HUHV IXPDGRU
GH XQ FRDVHJX HFRQyPLFDV KD PDRU ULHVJR
UR GHO (QWRQFHV 6L UHTXLHUHV DWHQFLyQ SRU ORV SUREOHPDV
JDVWR WRWDO 7. GHGXFL KRVSLWDODULD SURFXUD DFXGLU D XQR DVRFLDGRV DO FRQVX
EOH 9. (O GHO GH WX SODQ 6L YDV D XQR GH PDRU PR GHO WDEDFR
VDOGR FRDVHJXUR 10. (O QLYHO SDJDUiV XQ FRDVHJXUR TXH SR
PRQWR D WX FDUJR VHUtD GH GUtD VHU KDVWD PDRU TXH HO TXH
HO GH OD DVHJXUDGRUD GH HVSHFLÀFD WX SyOL]D DXQTXH DWHQ
3URWHMD VX GLQHUR
ZZZFRQGXVHIJREP[
11. ¢1HFHVLWDV PDRU SURWHFFLyQ
$O FRQWUDWDU FREHUWXUDV DGLFLRQDOHV WHQGUiV XQ VHJXUR TXH UHVSRQGD PHMRU D WXV QHFHVLGDGHV (QWUH HOODV HVWiQ
(PHUJHQFLDV HQ HO H[WUDQMHUR VL WH HQFXHQ $VLVWHQFLD HQ YLDMH VRQ VHUYLFLRV SDUD HO DVHJXUDGR HQ
WUDV IXHUD GHO SDtV WLHQHV XQD HPHUJHQFLD WUH HOORV HO WUDQVSRUWH R UHSDWULDFLyQ HQ FDVR GH OHVLRQHV
SXHGHV UHFLELU OD DWHQFLyQ KRVSLWDODULD DOOt FRUSRUDOHV PXHUWH GHVSOD]DPLHQWR KRVSHGDMH GH XQ
/D FREHUWXUD FHVDUi FXDQGR VH GHMH GH FRQ SDULHQWH HQ FDVR GH DFFLGHQWH KRVSLWDOL]DFLyQ DVLVWHQ
VLGHUDU XQD HPHUJHQFLD FLD PpGLFD SRU HQIHUPHGDG HQWUH RWURV
0XHUWH DFFLGHQWDO VL IDOOHFLHUDV D FRQVH (OLPLQDFLyQ GH GHGXFLEOH HQ FDVR GH DFFLGHQWH VL WLHQHV
FXHQFLD GH XQ DFFLGHQWH WXV EHQHÀFLDULRV UH XQ GHGXFLEOH DOWR SXHGHV FRQWUDWDU HVWD FREHUWXUD FRQ
FLELUtDQ XQD VXPD DVHJXUDGD HOOR HQ FDVR GH DFFLGHQWH QR SDJDUiV HO GHGXFLEOH
(QIHUPHGDGHV FDWDVWUyÀFDV HQ HO H[WUDQMHUR VH UHÀH
3pUGLGDV RUJiQLFDV VL VXIUHV XQD SpUGLGD RU UHQ D UHFLELU DWHQFLyQ HQ HO H[WUDQMHUR FRQ XQ SODQ GH
JiQLFD SRU XQ DFFLGHQWH VH WH SDJD XQ SRUFHQ FREHUWXUD QDFLRQDO
WDMH GH OD VXPD DVHJXUDGD VH UHÀHUH D GHGRV
PDQRV SLHV OD YLVWD GH XQR R ORV GRV RMRV 12. *DVWRV GHQWDOHV QRUPDOPHQWH ORV SDGHFLPLHQWRV GHQWD
OHV VH H[FOXHQ GH ODV SyOL]DV SHUR HV SRVLEOH TXHGDU FX
ELHUWR VL FRQWUDWDV OD FREHUWXUD GH IRUPD DGLFLRQDO
*DVWRV GH VHSHOLR FXEUH JDVWRV IXQHUDULRV UHDOL]DGRV
D FRQVHFXHQFLD GH WX PXHUWH 6L D FXHQWDV FRQ XQ
SODQ IXQHUDULR FRQ DOJ~Q SURYHHGRU QR WHQGUi FDVR
TXH OD DGTXLHUDV
7RGRV HVWRV UXEURV FRQIRUPDQ WX
VHJXUR (QWUH PiV DOWRV VHDQ OD VXPD
$OFDQFH GHO VHJXUR HV DVHJXUDGD HO QLYHO KRVSLWDODULR
2FXSDFLyQ H[LV
OD FREHUWXUD D VHD LQ HO WDEXODGRU PpGLFR PDRU VHUi OD
WHQ WUDEDMRV TXH
WHUQDFLRQDO R QDFLRQDO SULPD $XQTXH GHEHV VDEHU TXH WX
SRU VX QDWXUDOH]D
6L VXHOHV YLDMDU PXFKR SULPD HV GHGXFLEOH GH LPSXHVWRV
VRQ PiV ULHVJRVRV
DO H[WUDQMHUR VHUi FRQ VLHPSUH FXDQGR HO EHQHÀFLDULR VHD
TXH RWURV
YHQLHQWH FRQWDU FRQ OD HO SURSLR FRQWULEXHQWH VX FyQXJH
LQWHUQDFLRQDO R OD SHUVRQD FRQ TXLHQ YLYH HQ FRQ
FXELQDWR R VXV SDGUHV H KLMRV
3URWHMD VX GLQHUR
ZZZFRQGXVHIJREP[
13. 3ULPHU
SODQR
¢(O VHJXUR QR SDJD $PEXODQFLD WHUUHVWUH WUDWDU HO VHJXUR $OJXQDV DVHJX
([LVWH OD FUHHQFLD GH TXH HO VHJXUR DpUHD UDGRUDV ODV FXEUHQ FRQ DOJXQRV
QR SDJD SHUR HVWR QR HV PiV TXH FULWHULRV TXH QR VH KDDQ KHFKR
XQ PLWR $O OHHU WXV FRQGLFLRQHV JDVWRV HVWXGLRV R WUDWDPLHQWRV R
JHQHUDOHV GHO VHJXUR SRGUiV VDEHU *DVWRV QR FXELHUWRV SUHVHQWDGR VtQWRPDV R VLJQRV
ORV JDVWRV TXH WH FXEUHQ ORV TXH +D DOJXQRV JDVWRV TXH WX VH GXUDQWH FLHUWR WLHPSR TXH SXH
QR 3RU OR JHQHUDO ORV JDVWRV FX JXUR QR FXEUH (Q SULPHU OXJDU GH LU GH GRV D FLQFR DxRV 14. HVWDU
ELHUWRV VRQ HVWiQ ORV SDGHFLPLHQWRV SUH DVHJXUDGR HQ IRUPD FRQWLQXD
H[LVWHQWHV HV GHFLU DTXHOODV HQ TXH QR VH HQFXHQWUH H[FOXLGR SRU
*DVWRV KRVSLWDODULRV FDPD H[WUD IHUPHGDGHV TXH WH KDQ VLGR ODV FRQGLFLRQHV JHQHUDOHV
SDUD HO DFRPSDxDQWH GLDJQRVWLFDGDV SRU ODV FXDOHV $O FRQWUDWDU SRU SULPHUD YH]
FXDUWR SULYDGR HVWiQ KDV KHFKR JDVWRV SUHYLRV D FRQ ODV DVHJXUDGRUDV FRQWHPSODQ
GDU DOLPHQWRV SDUD HO
SDFLHQWH HVWDQFLD HQ WHUDSLD LQ
WHQVLYD LQWHUPHGLD R FXLGDGRV
*DVWRV PpGLFRV PDRUHV
6LQLHVWURV PiV IUHFXHQWHV D VHSWLHPEUH 15. FRURQDULRV VDOD GH RSHUDFLRQHV
RVWR SURPHGLR
UHFXSHUDFLyQ FXUDFLRQHV 'HVFULSFLyQ
GHO VLQLHVWUR
(PEDUD]R GHO SDUWR
0HGLFDPHQWRV R[tJHQR WUDQV
7UDXPDWLVPR GH P~OWLSOHV UHJLRQHV GHO FXHUSR
IXVLyQ GH VDQJUH
/X[DFLRQHV HVJXLQFHV GHVJDUURV
PHGLFDPHQWRV
6HUYLFLRV GH VDOXG SRU RWUDV UD]RQHV
$X[LOLDUHV GH GLDJQyVWLFR DQiOL )UDFWXUDV GH KXHVRV GH ORV PLHPEURV
VLV GH ODERUDWRULR UDRV (QIHUPHGDGHV GH OD QDUL] GH ORV VHQRV QDVDOHV
[ LVyWRSRV UDGLRDFWL ROHOLWLDVLV FROHFLVWLWLV
YRV HOHFWURFDUGLRJUDItD 'LDUUHD JDVWURHQWHULWLV GH RULJHQ LQIHFFLRVR
R FXDOTXLHU RWUR TXH VHD LQGLVSHQ 7XPRUHV LQ VLWX EHQLJQRV
VDEOH SDUD HO WUDWDPLHQWR GHO DFFL (QIHUPHGDGHV GHO HVyIDJR GHO HVWyPDJR GHO GXRGHQR
GHQWH R HQIHUPHGDG VLHPSUH TXH 7UDVWRUQRV GH ODV DUWLFXODFLRQHV
QR VHDQ GH WLSR H[SHULPHQWDO R HQ (PEDUD]RV WHUPLQDGRV HQ DERUWR
IDVH GH LQYHVWLJDFLyQ 7UDVWRUQRV GH ORV GLVFRV FHUYLFDOHV H LQYHUWHEUDGRV
/HLRPLRPD GHO ~WHUR
7UDWDPLHQWRV GH FDUiFWHU HVWp /LWLDVLV XULQDULD
WLFR R SOiVWLFR VLHP
*DVWULWLV GXRGHQLWLV
SUH FXDQGR UHVXOWHQ
(QIHUPHGDGHV GHO DSpQGLFH
LQGLVSHQVDEOHV D FRQ
6tQWRPDV VLJQRV KDOOD]JRV DQRUPDOHV FOtQLFRV GH ODERUDWRULR
VHFXHQFLD GH DFFLGHQWH R HQIHUPH
1HXPRQtD
GDG TXH QR HVWpQ H[FOXLGRV HQ
(QIHUPHGDGHV GH ORV LQWHVWLQRV GHO SHULWRQHR
OD SyOL]D
+HUQLDV
+RQRUDULRV TXLU~UJLFRV GH HQ 7UDVWRUQRV GH ORV WHMLGRV EODQGRV
IHUPHUtD PpGLFRV SRU 7UDVWRUQRV GH OD UHIUDFLyQ
FRQVXOWD +LSHUWHQVLyQ HVHQFLDO
(QIHUPHGDGHV FUyQLFDV GH ODV DPtJGDODV DGHQRLGHV
)XHQWH $VRFLDFLyQ 0H[LFDQD GH ,QVWLWXFLRQHV GH 6HJXURV $0,6 17. XQ JUXSR GH HQIHUPHGDGHV TXH GDG H LQIHUWLOLGDG DGTXLVLFLyQ GH
QR WHQGUiQ FREHUWXUD KDVWD TXH OHQWHV GH FRQWDFWR LQWUDRFXODUHV R
WUDQVFXUUD XQ ODSVR LQLQWHUUXP DXGLWLYRV JDVWRV GHO DFRPSDxDQ
SLGR D OD FRQWUDWDFLyQ VH OHV OOD WH GXUDQWH XQD KRVSLWDOL]DFLyQ
PD HQIHUPHGDGHV FRQ SHULRGRV GH FXLGDGRV R WUDWDPLHQWRV D FRQVH
HVSHUD 19. 9,+ GLR OHVLRQHV SRU ULxD R VXIULGDV 7RPD QRWD
6,'$ PHVHV R PiV 20. HQ HO VHUYLFLR PLOLWDU JXHUUD LQ 6HJXUR %iVLFR GH
$O FDPELDUWH GH DVHJXUDGRUD VXUUHFFLyQ UHEHOLyQ OHVLRQHV *DVWRV 0pGLFRV
WH SXHGHQ RIUHFHU OD HOLPLQDFLyQ SRU GHSRUWHV ER[ OXFKD JUHFR RQVLGHUD FRQWUDWDU XQ VHJXUR
GHO SHULRGR GH HVSHUD SDUD FLHU UURPDQD OXFKD OLEUH FKDUUHUtD EiVLFR GH JDVWRV PpGLFRV HVWRV
WRV SDGHFLPLHQWRV DO UHFRQRFHUWH WDXURPDTXLD GHSRUWHV DpUHRV VHJXURV FXEUHQ ORV ULHVJRV PiV
OD DQWLJHGDG 3HUR HV QHFHVD FDFHUtD DOSLQLVPR SDUDFDLGLV FRPXQHV FXHQWDQ FRQ XQ PR
ULR TXH FRPSUXHEHV TXH FRQWDEDV PR HVSHOHRORJtD UDSHO 21. JDV GHOR GH FRQWUDWR TXH SHUPLWH
FRQ XQ SODQ GH 6HJXUR GH *DVWRV WRV GH DVHR SHUVRQDO FRPSDUDU ODV WDULIDV GH WRGDV ODV
0pGLFRV FRQ RWUD FRPSDxtD GHQ LQVWLWXFLRQHV TXH RIUHFHQ HVWRV
WUR GH ORV GtDV SRVWHULRUHV D OD 6REUH OD FRQWUDWDFLyQ SURGXFWRV RPSDUD ODV GLVWLQ
~OWLPD YLJHQFLD FRQ OD SyOL]D TXH 'HSHQGLHQGR GH OD DVHJXUDGRUD WDV RSFLRQHV HQ HO 5HJLVWUR GH
6HJXURV %iVLFRV 5(6%$ 22. HQ
WHQtDV FRQWUDWDGD OD HGDG GH FRQWUDWD
ZZZFRQGXVHIJREP[
/DV H[FOXVLRQHV FLyQ HV GHVGH UH
VRQ WRGDV DTXHOODV FLpQ QDFLGR KDVWD
HQIHUPHGDGHV ORV DxRV FRQ JXUDGR WLWXODU 6L HV IDPLOLDU VH
TXH OD DVHJXUD UHQRYDFLyQ KDVWD LQFOXH DGHPiV D VXV GHSHQGLHQ
GRUD QR FXEUH ORV DxRV $OJX WHV HFRQyPLFRV FyQXJH R FRQ
$GHPiV GH ODV HQ QDV FRPSDxtDV WH FXELQD R FRQFXELQDULR H KLMRV
IHUPHGDGHV SUH SHUPLWHQ UHQR VROWHURV SRU OR JHQHUDO PHQRUHV
H[LVWHQWHV HVWiQ YDU GH IRUPD YL GH DxRV 23. ORV WUDWDPLHQWRV WDOLFLD VLHPSUH (O VHJXUR GH JDVWRV PpGLFRV SDUD
SVLTXLiWULFRV FXDQGR WHQ JUXSR R FROHFWLYR FXEUH ORV JDVWRV GH
R SVLFROyJLFRV JDV XQ Q~PH ORV LQWHJUDQWHV GH XQ JUXSR YLQ
VDOYR HQ DOJX UR GHWHUPLQDGR FXODGR D LQVWLWXFLRQHV HPSUHVDV
QRV FDVRV FRPR GH UHQRYDFLRQHV QHJRFLRV (O FRQWUDWDQWH HV OD HP
TXH DO SDFLHQWH SUHYLDV TXH QR SUHVD TXLHQ DYLVD D OD DVHJXUDGR
VH OH KDD GHWHF GHMHV GH SDJDU UD HO LQJUHVR EDMD GH PLHPEURV D
WDGR XQD HQIHU OD SULPD FRUUHV OD FROHFWLYLGDG DVHJXUDGD /RV HP
PHGDG WHUPLQDO SRQGLHQWH VHD SOHDGRV H LQFOXVR VXV GHSHQGLHQ
FRPR FiQFHU D HQ XQ SODQ LJXDO WHV HFRQyPLFRV FyQXJH SXHGHQ
FRQVHFXHQFLD GH R LQIHULRU DO TXH DVHJXUDUVH GHQWUR GH OD SyOL]D
XQ DFFLGHQWH R WLHQHV /D VXPD DVHJXUDGD SDUWH GH
TXH KDD VXIULGR (Q FXDQWR D XQD EDVH TXH SXHGH YDULDU GH
XQ URER FRQ YLROHQFLD VHFXHVWUR R OD PRGDOLGDG SXHGH VHU LQGLYL DFXHUGR DO QLYHO RSHUDWLYR R MH
YLRODFLyQ 24. DERUWRV OHJUDGRV WUD GXDO R IDPLOLDU SDUD JUXSR R UiUTXLFR GHO HPSOHDGR SXHGH
WDPLHQWR SDUD ODV DGLFFLRQHV LQWHU FROHFWLYR LQFUHPHQWDUVH R SRWHQFLDUVH D VR
YHQFLRQHV R WUDWDPLHQWRV HVWpWLFRV ,QGLYLGXDO R )DPLOLDU HQ HO LQ OLFLWXG GHO WUDEDMDGRU XDQGR VH
R SOiVWLFRV SDUD OD FDOYLFLH REHVL GLYLGXDO OD SyOL]D DPSDUD DO DVH GHMD GH ODERUDU HQ OD HPSUHVD R
3URWHMD VX GLQHUR
ZZZFRQGXVHIJREP[
25. 3ULPHU
SODQR
ORV GHSHQGLHQWHV DOFDQ]DQ OD PD FREHUWXUDV FRQWUDWDGDV HQ WX Sy FD FXRV Q~PHURV YLHQHQ HQ
RUtD GH HGDG SLHUGHQ HO EHQHÀ OL]D /RV JDVWRV VRQ SDJDGRV SRU WX FUHGHQFLDO GH DVHJXUDGR
FLR SHUR DOJXQDV YHFHV HV SRVLEOH OD FRPSDxtD 4XHGDUiQ SRU WX
FRQYHUWLU OD SyOL]D GH JUXSR D FXHQWD HO GHGXFLEOH FRDVHJXUR XDQGR OD DVHJXUDGRUD WHQJD OD
XQD LQGLYLGXDO R IDPLOLDU FRQ DO ORV JDVWRV TXH QR FXEUD HO VHJXUR LQIRUPDFLyQ HQYLDUi D XQ PpGLFR
JXQDV UHVWULFFLRQHV 3XHGH RSHUDU SDUD HYHQWRV SUR DVHVRU SDUD OD YDORUDFLyQ GHO FDVR
JUDPDGRV R QR SURJUDPDGRV 6L HO SDGHFLPLHQWR WLHQH FREHUWXUD
)RUPDV GH LQGHPQL]DFLyQ (Q HO SDJR GLUHFWR QR SURJUD WH HQWUHJDUi OD DXWRUL]DFLyQ GH SDJR
([LVWHQ GRV PRGRV SDUD HO SDJR PDGR FRPR XQD HPHUJHQFLD 26. GLUHFWR GHMDQGR XQD FRSLD HQ HO KRV
GH VLQLHVWURV HO SDJR GLUHFWR VLHPSUH FXDQGR HO LQWHUQD SLWDO HQ FDMD R DGPLVLyQ 27. HO UHHPEROVR PLHQWR YDD D VHU PDRU D (O SDJR GLUHFWR SURJUDPDGR IXQ
KRUDV WLHQHV TXH FLRQD SDUD LQWHUYHQFLRQHV TXH VH SXH
28. 3DJR GLUHFWR GDQ SURJUDPDU HV QHFHVDULR TXH
3HUPLWH TXH WH DWLHQGDV HQ ORV ‡ 3UHVHQWDU WX FUHGHQFLDO GH
KRVSLWDOHV FRQ ORV TXH WX DVHJX DVHJXUDGR H LGHQWLÀFDFLyQ ‡ 7X PpGLFR WUDWDQWH OOHQH ÀU
UDGRUD WLHQH FRQYHQLR VL HO SD RÀFLDO HQ OD DGPLQLVWUDFLyQ PH HO IRUPDWR TXH ODV DVHJX
GHFLPLHQWR HVWi GHQWUR GH ODV GHO KRVSLWDO SDUD TXH UHSRUWH UDGRUDV GHQRPLQDQ ,QIRUPH
WX LQJUHVR D OD DVHJXUDGRUD 0pGLFR
‡ )LUPDU XQ SDJDUp GHSRVLWR ‡ /OHQDU HO IRUPDWR GH $YLVR GH
HQ HIHFWLYR R YRXFKHU PLVPR $FFLGHQWH R (QIHUPHGDG
TXH WHQGUiV TXH OLTXLGDU HQ ‡ (OHJLU FRQ WX PpGLFR HO KRVSL
FDVR GH TXH QR SURFHGD HO WDO SDUD VHU DWHQGLGR
SDJR GLUHFWR VL SURFHGH ‡ (QWUHJDU OD GRFXPHQWDFLyQ D
QR VH KDFH YiOLGR 29. WX DVHJXUDGRUD FRQ DOJXQRV
‡ 9HULÀFDU TXH HO LQJUH GtDV GH DQWLFLSDFLyQ
VR KDD VLGR UHSRUWDGR D WX
DVHJXUDGRUD RPXQtFDWH DO 6L OD FLUXJtD HV SURFHGHQWH VH WH HQ
FHQWUR GH DWHQFLyQ WHOHIyQL WUHJDUi XQD DXWRUL]DFLyQ SDUD HQ
RQVHMRV SDUD FRQWUDWDU PDQWHQHU WX VHJXUR
RPSDUD ORV /OHYD VLHPSUH 6L WH FDPELDV GH
SURGXFWRV FRQWLJR OD FUHGHQFLDO DVHJXUDGRUD StGHOH TXH WH
RIUHFLGRV GH DVHJXUDGR TXH UHFRQR]FD OD DQWLJHGDG
WH SURSRUFLRQD OD SDUD ORV SDGHFLPLHQWRV GHO
DVHJXUDGRUD SHULRGR GH HVSHUD
3URWHMD VX GLQHUR
ZZZFRQGXVHIJREP[
30. WUHJDUOD FRQ XQD LGHQWLÀFDFLyQ
8QD YH] TXH OR KDV
RÀFLDO OD FUHGHQFLDO GH WX VHJXUR FRQWUDWDGR GHEHV
DO LQJUHVDU DO KRVSLWDO UHQRYDUOR FDGD DxR SDUD
QR SHUGHU OD DQWLJHGDG
31. 5HHPEROVR GH ORV SHULRGRV GH HVSHUD
(Q HO HVTXHPD GH UHHPEROVR GH
EHUiV SDJDU SRU OD DWHQFLyQ UHFL
ELGD VROLFLWDU SRVWHULRUPHQWH HO $FXGH FRQ XQ DJHQWH GH
UHHPEROVR SRU ORV SDGHFLPLHQWRV
VHJXURV TXH FXHQWH FRQ
FXELHUWRV SRU WX SyOL]D D OD DVH
FpGXOD YLJHQWH H[SHGLGD
JXUDGRUD 'HEHV HQWUHJDU ODV IDF
WXUDV H[SHGLGDV D QRPEUH GHO
SRU OD RPLVLyQ 1DFLRQDO
DVHJXUDGR WLWXODU FRQ ORV GD GH 6HJXURV )LDQ]DV
WRV ÀVFDOHV GRPLFLOLR 5) 32. FRPR DVHVRU StGHOH TXH
HO GHVJORVH GH ORV JDVWRV ORV H[i WH H[SOLTXH D GHWDOOH
PHQHV KHFKRV SDUD GLFWDPLQDU HO ORV JDVWRV FXELHUWRV
SDGHFLPLHQWR UHFHWDV GHO PpGL ODV OLPLWDFLRQHV ODV
FR WUDWDQWH DOJXQRV IRUPDWRV SUR H[FOXVLRQHV VXPD
SLRV GH ODV DVHJXUDGRUDV XQD
DVHJXUDGD GHGXFLEOH
LGHQWLÀFDFLyQ RÀFLDO YLJHQWH FUH
FRDVHJXUR GHO SURGXFWR
GHQFLDO GHO ,)( R ,1$3$0 FpGX
OD SURIHVLRQDO SDVDSRUWH ) )
R FUHGHQFLDO GH LQPLJUDGR SDUD
ORV H[WUDQMHURV 33. 6L OD FUHGHQFLDO
QR WLHQH WX GRPLFLOLR XQ FRPSUR XDQGR GDV IDOVDV
EDQWH GH pVWH GHFODUDFLRQHV OD
DVHJXUDGRUD QR HVWi
REOLJDGD D SDJDU SRU XQ
VLQLHVWUR SXHGH GDU SRU
WHUPLQDGD OD SyOL]D VLQ
FRQVHFXHQFLDV R VLQ OD
REOLJDFLyQ GH GHYROYHUWH
ODV SULPDV
3URFXUD SDJDU WX SyOL]D GH PDQHUD DQXDO
(O SDJDU GH IRUPD VHPHVWUDO WULPHVWUDO R
PHQVXDO HOHYD VX SUHFLR SRU VX FRVWR GH
'H RFXUULU XQ ILQDQFLDPLHQWR
VLQLHVWUR GDOH DYLVR
D WX FRPSDxtD OR PiV
SURQWR SRVLEOH
3URWHMD VX GLQHUR
ZZZFRQGXVHIJREP[