The author is a practicing Medical doctor and is author of the book "Encounter of science with philosophy - A synthetic view" Since times immemorial an external God governing this universe and nature has been in contemplation of thinkers belonging to various disciplines of knowledge. In this article this view has been dismissed since an external God would not only be insufficient to meet its purpose but is also contrary to experience. There can only be an embedded God to explain natural phenomenon. For further information visit:- www.sciencengod.com www.sciencengod.com/clipboard.htm

1. Who needs an external God?
It has been often argued that there must exist an external God i.e. God external
to nature and universe to account for creation/origin, evolution and management
of nature and universe. Almost all religions advocate existence of external God
which has been described as omnipresent and omnipotent but which is not
amenable to sensory perception. It is further stated by almost all religions that
the said external God is a matter of experience, feeling, faith and belief and
realizing the same would lead one to a state of eternal bliss. It is also said that one
is unable to experience that external God only because of one’s inexperience and
lack of devotion. This external God is regarded as the ultimate cause and
explanation for all natural phenomena that are otherwise inexplicable.
However, if there existed an omnipotent God capable of doing anything and
everything, then why should it be constrained in creation by time, place, natural
laws, material resources etc. Why there are only 2 million known species of plants
and animals on earth and why not all the biodiversity that human mind can
imagine can actually be seen. Why an omnipotent external God needs to be
bound by its own creations i.e. natural laws, order of natural origins/creations
and properties of various components of nature and universe. Why should this
external God opt for natural hierarchy and be dependent upon history in order to
express its creativity. Why should that external God create its own rival i.e. man.
Why does an external omnipotent God need to establish natural order. An
omnipotent external God could have easily managed its ends without trappings of
an order. Why and how an unconstrained, omnipotent, external God need to and
establish universality of communication, co-operation and interaction among its
creations. For example for viruses to cause various illnesses, they should be able
to interact with genome of their host. How an external God would be able to
manage its affairs at all times and at all places. How would one explain
relationships, particularly biological relationships such as symbiosis,
commensalism, parasitism etc. in a universe created by an external God.
Perception of a natural order induce one to think of an omnipotent external God
as the source of the perceived order. But existence of a natural order in itself is

2. antithetical to existence of an omnipotent external God, since there is no reason
that such an external God would admit any constraints to its own activities
imposed by natural order. So to explain natural order in terms of an external God
is self contradictory and absurd.
The universe created by an external God would be quite unlike the universe we
see today. It would be more like a universe created by a software engineer devoid
of universality of communication and interaction, plagued by compatibility issues
and can’t be self evolving and self-healing. For each and every difficulty one
would have to rush to the software engineer for effective resolution.
A universe created by an external God can’t be self-evolving, self-organizing, self-
managing and self-sustaining. Relationships would be meaningless in such a
universe.
Therefore, there can only be an embedded God that expresses itself through its
material creations as some of the properties of its creations, is omnipresent but is
not omnipotent since it has to provide room to its creations for their self
expression. Therefore this embedded God is constrained by natural laws and
natural order, yet exercises influences that prevail over the rest. Only an
embedded God can explain universality of communication, interaction, co-
operation, relationships. Such an embedded God is bound by its own
rules/natural laws, so does not derogate its laws but supersedes them by
acquisition of higher functions materially expressing as higher formations and this
is how evolution proceeds. Only an embedded God contained within its own
creations can explain this self-evolving, self-organizing, self-managing and self-
sustaining universe.
This God, internal to nature need not have any physical form but its presence can
be felt in pursuit of the first cause. This embedded God need not be and is not
omnipotent, is rather constrained in its creativity in various ways which includes
determination of realizable potentialities and selection thereof.
Therefore, to understand cosmic phenomena, we do not need an external
omnipotent God. Rather we need an embedded God that is constrained ab initio

3. and that must have preceded creation of nature and universe, is valid across the
natural hierarchy and is as effective today as in the past.
Author: Dr Mahesh C. Jain is a practicing medical doctor has written the book
“Encounter of Science with Philosophy – A synthetic view”. The book begins with
first chapter devoted to scientifically valid concept of God and then explains
cosmic phenomena right from origin of nature and universe up to origin of life
and evolution of man. The book includes several chapters devoted to auxiliary
concepts and social sciences as corollaries to the concept of God.
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