4. •Human by some quirk of nature do not
easily live with uncertainty and so it was
natural that people would seek ways to
limit uncertainty.
5. การแสวงหาแก่น
สารในชีว ิต
Jonathan Livingston Seagull
by Richard Bach, 1970
I can because I think I can.
ปรัช ญา
ชีวdon’t mind being bone and feathers,
“I ิต
“I don’t mind being bone and feathers,
Mum. II just want to know what II can
Mum. just want to know what can
do in the air and what II can’t, that’s
do in the air and what can’t, that’s
all. II just want to know.”
all. just want to know.”
8. สัจ ธรรมของความสำา เร็จ ในการเดิน ทางสูเ ป้า หมาย
่
One never goes so far as when one doesn't
know where one is going. Author - Johann
Wolfgang von Goethe
Born 1749 - Died 1832 (82 yrs)
10. Sun Tzu (Chinese: 孫子 ; pinyin: Sūn Z ǐ ; c. 544 – 496 BC)
นัก ปราชญ์จ ีน ชื่อ เสีย งกระฉ่อ นโลกผู้เ ขีย น “ศิล ปะการทำา สงคราม” -Th
e Art of War (Chinese : 兵法 ) เคยกล่า วว่า :
“One who knows the
enemy and knows himself will
not be in danger in a
hundred battles.”
12. ปรัช ญาอุด มศึก ษาโดยย่อ
(Philosophy of higher education in
a nutshell)
13. Founded in
1636 by John
Harvard’s motto, Veritas, is Latin HarvardHarvard
for truth .
people seek truth in a seemingly infinite number of
ways, from the student musical group Mariachi Veritas
to the Very Energetic Radiation Imaging Telescope
Array System (VERITAS), operated by a world-wide
collaborative of universities .
14. A Venus flytrap lies open, waiting for an insect to set
off its trap. Gordon McKay Professor of Applied
Mathematics and Mechanics Lakshminarayanan
Mahadevan and colleagues have shown that the plant
uses stored elastic energy to operate its hinged
leaves. (Photo courtesy of Yoel Forterre )
16. อาจารย์ม ือ อาชีพ หรือ มีอ าชีพ อาจารย์
Main criteria for professional include the following :
• Academic qualifications - A teaching degree (University doctoral
program)theological, medical, or law degree - i.e., university
college/institute.
• Expert and specialised knowledge in field which one is
practising professionally.
• Excellent manual/practical and literary skills in relation to
profession.
• High quality work in (examples): creations, products, services,
presentations, consultancy, primary/other research, administrative,
marketing or other work endeavours.
• A high standard of professional ethics, behaviour and work
activities while carrying out one's profession (as an employee, self-
employed person, career, enterprise, business, company, or
partnership/associate/colleague, etc ). The professional owes a
higher duty to a client, often a privilege of confidentiality, as well
as a duty not to abandon the client just because he or she may not
be able to pay or remunerate the professional . Often the
professional is required to put the interest of the client ahead of his
own interests.
• Reasonable work moral and motivation. Having interest and desire
to do a job well as well as holding positive attitude towards the prof
ession are important elements in attaining a high level of profession
alism.
• Is a individual who does not require supervision .
17. Plato (427-347 BC)
Plato in his academy, drawing after a painting by Swedish painter Carl Johan Wahlbom
18. นัก ปรัช ญาการศึก ษาที่ม ีอ ิท ธิพ ลใน
วัฒ นธรรมตะวัน ตก
• Plato (Πλάτων Plátōn ( 427- 347 BC ) : to
differentiate children suitable to the various
castes, the highest receiving the most
education, so that they could act as
guardians of the city and care of the less
able. Education would be holistic, including
facts, skills, physical discipline, and music
and art, which he considered the highest
form of endeavour.
• Aristotle ( Greek: Ἀριστοτέλης, Aristotélēs ) (384
– 322 BC) : considered human nature, habit and
reason to be equally important forces to be
cultivated in education. One of education’s
primary missions for Aristotle, perhaps its
most important, was to produce good and
virtuous citizens for the polis.
19. Philosophy of Education
• Aristotle’s philosophy (cont’d):
All who have mediated on
the art of governing mankind
have been convinced that
the fate of empires depends
on the education of youth.
20. THOMAS JEFFERSON: 1743-
1826; Third President of the United
States; Declaration of Independence,
“I have sworn upon the altar
1776
of God, eternal hostility
against every form of tyranny
over the mind of man.”
INALIENABLE RIGHTS: “We hold
these truths to be self-evident, that ….
all men are created equal; that they are endowed by their
Creator with inherent and inalienable rights; that among
these, are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness; that to
secure these rights, governments are instituted among men,
deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed;
……….
21. Source: Professor Daniel Akyeampong.1998.
Higher Education and Research Challenges and
Opportunities, p. 1-2
While early scholars saw the
function of higher education as the pursuit
of knowledge for its own sake, today’s
researchers see it as going beyond that to
include applying such knowledge in order
Cardinal John Henry to enhance, directly or indirectly, the
Newman (1801-1890) material well-being, happiness and comfort
of mankind. Higher education is now
developing knowledge and an institution not only for but for
regarded as training young minds,
disseminating and applying such knowledge as well.
Newman defined the function of the ideal
university as the Songkla:of knowledge for not own
Prince Mahidol pursuit True success is its in
sake.
the learning, but in its application to the benefits
of mankind.
22. • Rudolf Steiner (1861-1925): emphasizes a
balance of developing the intellect (head),
feeling and artistic life (or heart), and
practical skills (or hands). The education
focuses on producing free individuals, and
Steiner expected it to enable a new, freer
social order to arise, through the creative,
free human beings that it would develop.
23. • Neil Postman & Inquiry Method (1931-2003): a
strong contemporary voice in both methods
and philosophy of education; to get students
themselves to ask and answer relevant
questions. To provide the conditions for
students to build progressively what they
don’t know on top of what they do.
• Jerome Bruner (1915- ): developed the
concept of discovery learning which
promoted learning as a process of
constructing new ideas based on current or
past knowledge. Students are encouraged to
discover facts and relationships and
continually build on what they already know.
24. Modern history sourcebook: Newman J H 1854 : The Idea of a University.
What is a
• University?
From its ancient designation, it is a Studium Generale OR
“School of Universal Learning ”
- the assemblage of strangers from all parts in one spot,
professors and students from every department of
knowledge?
- a university, in essence, is a place for the
communication and circulation of thought, by means of
personal intercourse.
26. Learning Organization and Systems Thinking
• According to Senge 'learning organizations' are those
organizations where (1) people continually expand their
capacity to create the results they truly desire,
(2) where new and expansive patterns of thinking are nurtured,
(3) collective aspiration is set free, and
(4) where people are continually learning to see the whole together.
"He argues that only those organizations that are able to adapt quickly
and effectively will be able to excel in their field or market.
In order to be a learning organization there must be two conditions
present at all times.
(1) The first is the ability to design the organization to match the
intended or desired outcomes and
(2) second, the ability to recognize when the initial direction of the
organization is different from the desired outcome and follow the
necessary steps to correct this mismatch.
Organizations that are able to do this are
exemplary.
27. Boyer argues that if higher education is to meet its
full range of responsibilities the concept of
scholarship must be broadened to include not only
basic research but other kinds of intellectual work in
which faculty engage. Toward this end, four types of
scholarship are proposed: the scholarship of -
(1) Discovery (advancing
KNOWLEDGE)
(2) Integrating & synthesizing
KNOWLEDGE
(3) Application (applying
KNOWLEDGE)
(4) Teaching (representing KNOWLEDGE
through teaching)
(อิง ความคิด ในรายงานต่อ มูล นิธ ิ Carnegie ด้า น
การศึก ษาของ Ernest L. Boyer 1990.
Scholarship Reconsidered: Priorities of the
Professoriate. Princeton, NJ )
31. วาทะของประธานาธิบ ดี จอห์น เอฟ เคนเนดี
ท้า ทาย คนอเมริก น (และเชือ ว่า ท้า ทายคนทัว
ั ่ ่
โลก)คือ
“And so, my fellow Americans:
ask not what your
country can do for you - ask
what you can do for your country .”
37. Senge also believed in the theory of Systems Thinking
which has sometimes been referred to as the
'Cornerstone' of the Learning Organization .
• Systems thinking, focuses on how the individual that is
being studied interacts with the other constituents of
the system. Rather than focusing on the individuals
within an organization it prefers to look at a larger
number of interactions within the organization and in
between organizations as a whole.
38. The idea of a University: What is a university?
• It is a place where inquiry is pushed forward, and
discoveries verified and perfected, and rashness
rendered innocuous, and error exposed, by the
collision of mind with mind, and knowledge with
knowledge.
• It is the place where the professor becomes eloquent,
and is a missionary and a preacher, displaying his
science in its most complete and most winning form,
pouring it forth with the zeal of enthusiasm, and
lighting up his own love of it in the breasts of his
hearers.
40. Seeking truth “in the groves of
Academe”
Among those things which are required to make
a University:-
• First, a good and pleasant site, where there is a
wholesome and temperate constitution of the
air; composed with waters, springs or wells,
woods and pleasant fields; which being
obtained, those commodities are enough to
invite students to stay and abide there.
Academia, academe [æk ә ’di:mi ә , ’æk ә di:m] =the world of
learning, teaching, research, etc . at universities, and the people
involved in it
41. Requirements for a PhD
A PhD thesis is an in-depth, focused
piece of work on one topic.
A PhD is an academic training or academic
apprenticeship.
A PhD is about the generation of new
knowledge
A PhD involves the incremental
development of a range of
generic and specific research skills
42. Source: Krishnamurthy, K. 1995. Krishnamurti for beginners: an
anthology. (b.1895- d. 1986)
QUESTION: What kind of education should
my child have in order to face this
chaotic world?
Our education now is merely a process of
conformity. become outwardly respectable
help him to be free inwardly so that as he grows
older, he is able to face all the complexities of life
help him to have the capacity to
think free his own mind from all
authority, from all fear, from all nationality, from the
various forms of belief and tradition
what it is to be free, what it is to question,
to enquire, and to discover. (academic
freedom)
44. Curriculum
Teachers
Learning
resources
Teaching aids,
scientific instrument,
etc.
What to learn?
Support
Supporting facilities (contents)
ey
Input th ? sm
o n
D ar es
en
Outcom
e
How to le ss
[A
learn? t]
(methods &
strategies)
Process
(ที่ม า: ศาสตราจารย์ น .พ.ภิร มณ์ กมลรัต นกุล อธิก ารบดี
จุฬ าลงกรณ์ม หาวิท ยาลัย )
46. Purpose and Expectations
“Universities should seek to foster generally accepted
values and behaviors such as honesty and racial tolerance.
Within this mandate, several aims seem especially
important:”
Ability to communicate
Critical thinking
Moral reasoning
Living with diversity
Living in a global society
A breadth of interest
Preparing citizens
Derek Bok: Our Underachieving Colleges (2006)
54. ปริญ ญาตรี โท และเอก พัฒ นาระดับ ความรู้ไ ด้ถ ึง ขั้น ใด ?
Levels of learning
based on Bloom’ s Taxonomy of learning 1956 [revised].
Anderson and Krathwohl (2001) have made some apparently minor but
actually significant modifications, to come up with:
ระดับ พัฒ นาการ
เรีย นรู้
เวลา
รูป ที่ 1 รูป ที่ 2
56. • The general principles of any study you may
learn by books at home; but the detail, the
colour, the tone, the air, the life which makes
it live to us, you must catch all these from
those in whom it lives already.
• If we wish to become exact and fully furnished
in any branch of knowledge which is diversified
and complicated, we must consult the living
man and listen to his living voice.
59. Boyer argues that if higher education is to meet its
full range of responsibilities the concept of
scholarship must be broadened to include not only
basic research but other kinds of intellectual work in
which faculty engage. Toward this end, four types of
scholarship are proposed: the scholarship of -
(1) Discovery (advancing
KNOWLEDGE)
(2) Integrating & synthesizing
KNOWLEDGE
(3) Application (applying
KNOWLEDGE)
(4) Teaching (representing KNOWLEDGE
through teaching)
(อิง ความคิด ในรายงานต่อ มูล นิธ ิ Carnegie ด้า น
การศึก ษาของ Ernest L. Boyer 1990.
Scholarship Reconsidered: Priorities of the
Professoriate. Princeton, NJ )
60. Learning Organization
• There are varying definitions of a Learning Organization
in published literature, although the core concept
between them all remains clear and has been
summarised by Pedler et al. as, “an organization that
facilitates the learning of all its members and continuo
usly transforms itself".
• Pedler et al later redefined this concept to “an
organization that facilitates the learning of all its
members and consciously trans-forms itself and its
context”, reflecting the fact that change should not
happen just for the sake of change, but should be well
thought out.
• Senge defines Learning Organizations as
“Organizations where people continually expand their
capacity to create the results they truly desire, where
new and expansive patterns of thinking are nurtured,
where collective aspiration is set free, and where
people are continually learning to learn together .”
61. William Arthur Ward
The mediocre teacher tells.
The good teacher explains.
The superior teacher
demonstrates.
The great teacher inspires.
68. World-class University
• World-level facilities and conditions for teaching
and research
• High-level research strength and significant
leading-edge research finding and achievements
• High reputation at home and abroad
• Outstanding alumni making great contributions in
the fields of science, technology, economy,
politics, business and management
• Attractiveness to scholars and students from
various nations
69. William Arthur
Ward
The mediocre teacher tells.
The good teacher explains.
The superior teacher
demonstrates.
The great teacher inspires.
70. จิต วิญ ญาณความ
เป็น ครู
Friedrich Nietzsche
Whoever is a teacher through and
through takes all things seriously
only in relation to his students –
even himself.
71. A tree is known by its
fruits.
Arterocarpus heterophyllus: Jackfruit
72. Utopia is on the horizon . I move two steps
closer, it moves two steps further away. I
walk another ten steps and the horizon runs
ten steps further away. As much as I may
walk, I'll never reach it. So what's the point
of Utopia?
The point is this: to keep walking. Author -
Eduardo Galeano
73. นัก คิด ระดับ ศาสดา
Lord Buddha
Muhammad Jesus Christ