Lesson on the Katipunan founded by Andres Bonifacio

1. BIRTH OF THE KATIPUNAN
WHO STARTED IT ALL??

2. • Bonifacio then
• founded the
• “Kataas-taasang
• Kagalang-galangang
Katipunan ng mga Anak
ng Bayan” (KKK)
on July 7, 1892 in a house of
Deodato Arellano on Azcarraga street (now
Claro M. Recto), in Tondo Manila. As a symbol
of the member’s loyalty, they performed the
solemn rite of sanduguan (blood compact),
wherein each one signed his name with his own
blood..

3.  TAGALOG: Katastaasang Kagalang-
galangang Katipunan ng
mga Anak ng Bayan”
 ENGLISH: Supreme and Venerable Society
of the Children of the Nation
 SPANISH: Suprema y Venerable
Asociación de los Hijos del
Pueblo

4. FOUNDING MEMBERS
 ANDRES BONIFACIO
 TEODORO PLATA
(brother-in-law of Andy Bonifacio)
 LADISLAO DIWA
 VALENTIN DIAZ
 DEODATO ARELLANO

5. AIMS OF THE KATIPUNAN
 to develop a strong alliance with each and
every Katipunero
 to unite Filipinos into one solid nation
 to win Philippine independence by means
of an armed conflict (or revolution)
 to establish a republic after independence

6. RECRUITMENT TRIANGLE
SYSTEM

7. FLAGS OF THE KATIPUNAN
Three flags were used by the Katipunan
that was originally sewn by
Gregoria de Jesus (Andy's wife) and Benita
Rodriguez.
Common features: Letter K and blood
red background

8. Andrés
Bonifacio’s
personal flag
which depicts a white sun with an indefinite
number of rays on a field of red. Below the sun
are 3 white Ks lined horizontally.
This flag was used in Cry of Pugadlawin on
August 23, 1896 when they tore their cedulas.

9.  The MAGDIWANG COUNCIL
of Andres Bonifacio had a sun with 16 rays and
red background.

10.  The MAGDALO COUNCIL
of Emilio Aguinaldo had a sun with 8 rays to
represent the first 8 provinces that pledged to
fight with Aguinaldo and a baybayin symbol
for Ka.

11.  The flag of the Revolutionary Government of Aguinaldo: it
had the “The Sun of Liberty”
 Approved on March 17, 1897 in Naic, Cavite

12. The flag of General Mariano Llanera

was famously called:
"BUNGO NI LLANERA”
(LLANERA'S SKULL)

13.  General Pio del Pilar's flag was called
“ANG BANDILA NG MATAGUMPAY”
or
“ THE FLAG OF THE VICTORIOUS”.

14. The flag of General Gregorio del Pilar's
flag was patterned after Cuba.
 First flag to use 3 colors. This flag was
used in Tirad Pass.

15. PROPAGANDA KATIPUNAN
AIM ASSIMILATION INDEPENDENCE
LEADERS Jose Rizal, Marcelo Andres Bonifacio,
del Pilar, Graciano Emilio Aguinaldo
Lopez Jeana, etc. etc.
MEMBERS From the upper & middle Mostly lower class but
classes, ilustrados, men there were middle class
ORIGIN 1860-1890s July 7, 1892
NEWS La Solidaridad Kalayaan
PAPER
END FAILED EXPOSED
RESULT

16. Emilio Jacinto

17. Biography
 Emilio Jacinto, was born in Trozo, Manila.
 His parents were Mariano Jacinto, a
bookkeeper, and Josefa Dizon.
 Very poor (black rugs and hemline from his
mother’s skirt for his belt).
 This made him a target of other’s children’s
jokes.

18. Biography
But he received a good education.
Jose Dizon, his uncle, enrolled him at
the Colegio de San Juan de Letran,
where he obtained the Bachelor of Arts
degree.
Although poor in appearance, he was
gifted with brains and good character.

19. Biography
 1894 at the age of 19, he joined the Katipunan
where Bonifacio befriended him.
 December 31, 1895 = Katipunan Elections
Jacinto was elected fiscal or number two man
in the Supreme Council.

20. Biography
In the first battle on August 1896…
The two separated
Jacinto went to Laguna
Bonifacio stayed in the Manila suburbs.

21. Biography
In February, 1897, Jacinto fought the
Spanish cazadores (riflemen) in
Magdalena, Laguna.
He was wounded in the thigh, and was
taken as a prisoner to the church of Santa
Cruz where a Spanish surgeon kindly
treated his big wound.

22. Biography
He established the secret headquarters
in the hills of Majayjay.
There, he contracted malignant malaria
and died on April 16, 1899. He was
barely 24.

23. He wrote articles like :
1. Kartilya ng Katipunan
(Primer of Katipunan)
2. Liwanag at Dilim
(Light and Darkness)
3. Pahayag (Manifesto)

24. THE
KATIPUNAN’S
MEMBERS
AND OFFICERS

25. THE KATIPUNAN’S
MEMBERS
AND OFFICERS
THE 3 GRADES OF MEMBERS:
1ST GRADE – KATIPON (MEMBER)
wore a BLACK HOOD in meetings
Secret Password: “ANAK NG BAYAN”
Z. Ll. B.

26. THE KATIPUNAN’S
MEMBERS
AND OFFICERS
THE 3 GRADES OF MEMBERS:
2ND GRADE – KAWAL (SOLDIER)
wore a GREEN HOOD in meetings
Secret Password: “GOMBURZA”
Z.
Ll. B.

27. THE KATIPUNAN’S
MEMBERS
AND OFFICERS
THE 3 GRADES OF MEMBERS:
3RD GRADE – BAYANI (PATRIOT)
wore a RED MASK and GREEN SASH
Secret Password “RIZAL”
K
K Z.Ll.B.

28. THE KATIPUNAN’S
MEMBERS
AND OFFICERS
 The very first Supremo:
 DEODATO ARELLANO
 The last Supremo (before being discovered):
 ANDRES BONIFACIO

29. FACTIONS IN THE CAVITE CHAPTER
MAGDALO MAGDIWANG
FACTION FACTION
(Baldomero Aguinaldo) (Mariano Alvarez)
Establish a new Keep the Katipunan
government

30. JOSE RIZAL’S ADVICE
On June 1896, Bonifacio
sent Dr. Pio Valenzuela to
Dapitan to seek Rizal’s
advice on the planned
revolution.

31. Rizal’s Advice:
Timing was not right
Lack of arms
Gain support from influential
people
Recommended Antonio Luna as
commander of armed forces

32. However, there was no
stopping the Revolution.

33. Bonifacio ordered his men to
prepare for battle.
He directed them to store enough
food and other supplies.
BUT THEY WERE DISCOVERED…

…ON AUGUST 19, 1896

34. Teodoro Patino
Honoria Patino
Sor Teresa de Jesus
Father Mariano Gil

35. Cry of
Pugadlawin
August 26, 1896
-Katipuneros tore their cedulas and
shouted “Mabuhay ang Pilipinas!”

38.  Was under Baldomero  Magdiwang Was under
Aguinaldo (cousin of Mariano Alvarez (the
Emilio Aguinaldo) uncle of Andres
 Felt that it was time to Bonifacio’s wife.)
replace the Katipunan  Did not want to replace
and form another kind of the Katipunan.
government  Based in Noveleta,
Cavite.
 Based in Kawit, Cavite

39. TEJEROS CONVENTION


40. THE TEJEROS
CONVENTION
 The Tejeros Convention was called to decide
whether to establish a new government to replace
the Katipunan or not.
(Aguinaldo was absent)
-Bonifacio agreed to establish a new government.
-Accept and respect whoever will be elected
SO… WHO WON?

41.  PRESIDENT: EMILIO AGUINALDO
 SECRETARY OF STATE: MARIANO TRIAS
 SECRETARY OF WAR: ARTEMIO RICARTE
 SECRETARY OF JUSTICE: EMILIANO RIEGO DE
DIOS
 SECRETARY OF INTERIOR: ANDRES BONIFACIO
 SECRETARY OF FINANCE: ENRIQUE PACHECO

42.  Daniel Tirona opposed the position of Andres
Bonifacio. (Secretary of Interior should be a
lawyer)
 Tirona said Bonifacio is not from Cavite, he’s not
educated.
 Bonifacio was hurt and asked Tirona to take back
what he said. Tirona never did.

43. Bonifacio left with his followers for Naic and established his own
government.

44. THE DEATH OF ANDRES
BONIFACIO
Aguinaldo ordered the arrest of the
Bonifacio brothers.
Executed on May 10, 1897 on Mt.
Buntis
The Katipunan and its founder were
now dead…