1. Pre-Colonial Period
(Antes Nag-Abot ang mga Dumuluong)

2. + 500,000 B.C.
– Man and animals cross over the bridges.

3. + 22,000 BC
- Man starts to inhabit Tabon Cave as shelter for
4,000 years
+ 1 BC
- Ifugao Rice Terraces were built

4. + 1000 A.D.
– Chinese colonies were set along coastal towns
– Indigenous alphabet was introduced from Sanskrit
sources

5. + 1200 AD
– Islam reached the islands through Arab traders
+ 1521
– THE SPANIARDS CAME!

6. + Culture was similar to Malayan in structure
and form
+ Bulk of literature was folk literature which
reflected their daily lives
– Think Marikudo and Maniwantiwan and the
golden salakot and necklace

7. + Oral
– Sabi (maxim)
– Sawikain (sayings)
– Bugtong (riddles)
– Indulanin (street songs)
– Talindaw (boat songs)
– Diyuna (dirge)
– Uyayi/hele (lullabye)
– Ihiman (bridal song)

8. + Written
– Lyrical poetry
– Folk epics (formerly told orally in gatherings)
 Hudhud (Ifugao)
 Alim (Ifugao)
 Biag ti Lam-ang (Ilocano)
 Indarapatra and Sulayman
 Bidasari

9. Aliguyon and Pumbakhayon are sons of rival
families in their town. They decided to settle
the fight once and for all. Since they are
virtually equals in strength and cleverness, the
fight stretched on for years. Finally, the two
made peace. Aliguyon married Bugan,
Pumbakhayon’s sister; while Pumbakhayon
married Aliguyon’s sister Aginaya.

10. + masingki Ang makabati tagring bagting indi
dayun.
+ malaba Ang ginahalinan nga babaye nga may
sang kalainan dila.
+ Wala sang masumpo indi nga mataliwis.
+ Wala sang magluya mabakud indi nga.
+ manggad Ang utod kapisan sang.

11. WARNING! THE FIRST TWO ARE VERY RISQUE!
+ Sa pihak bukid, sa tunga-tunga suba.
+ Tatlo ka magburogto, sambilog nagatudlo.
+ Pungko agta, sutsot yawa.
+ Tulukon ko isa, kadtuan ko duha.
+ Duha ka prinsesa, guha-guha sa kweba.