This document provides an overview of historicism and romanticism in architecture and art. Historicism developed in the 19th-20th centuries and involved copying historic styles from the past. Examples include the Houses of Parliament in London built in the Neo-Gothic style. Romanticism emphasized feelings and individualism and rejected rational classicism. Romantic sculpture focused on movement and emotion while painting featured themes of nature, folklore, and nationalism with loose brush strokes and bright colors. Eugène Delacroix's painting "Liberty Leading the People" exemplifies romanticism with its allegorical representation of the 1830 French Revolution.
3. HISTORICISM
-Developed in the 19th and the 20th centuries.
-Its main feature was copying historic styles of the past.
-The buildings of this style were built in different styles of the past.
EXAMPLES
Houses of
Parliament, London.
Santa Susanna,
Opera House, Paris. Rome.
Neo-Gothic Cathedral of
Learning, Neo-Baroque
Pittsburg.
4. More Examples
Romano- Campo
Byzantine Pequeno
Bullring,
Lisbon.
Sacré Coeur, Paris.
Neo-Mudéjar
Post Office,
Naval Cathedral, Zaragoza.
Kronstadt.
Neo-
Romanesque
Leaning Tower of Pisa,
Cathedral of Marseille,
Italy.
France.
5. The Houses of Parliament
-Common name “the Palace of Westminster”.
-Located on the banks of Thames River in
London.
-Built in Middle Ages and rebuilt after a fire in
1834.
-Architects: Sir Charles Barry and Augustus
Pugin.
-Example of Neo-Gothic style.
-More than one thousand rooms. Structure
-Construction started in 1840 and lasted until
1870.
-Used to house the Parliament of the United
Kingdom: the House of Commons and the
House of Lords, which make UK laws.
-Material used: Anston, a sand-coloured
magnesian limestone.
-Four floors: in the ground floor the chambers.
In the second and the third floor: meeting
rooms and offices.
6. The floor plan
1.Victoria Tower
2.Queen’s Robing Room 3.Royal Gallery
4.Prince’s Chamber 7.Commons’ Lobby
5.Lords’ Chamber 6.Central Lobby
8.Commons’ Chamber 10.St Stephen’s Chapel
11.Westminster Hall
9.Noes Lobby
7. Main Towers:
-Victoria Tower: in the south-western
corner of the Palace. Its 98,5m high. This
tower houses the Parliamentary Archives.
-Central Tower: the smallest tower of the
three. It has a pinnacle and is octagonal.
-Clock Tower: is 96m high. The most
famous tower in the world. It has bells
which strikes the Westminster Chimes every
quarter of an hour.
8. Features
-In the exterior Perpendicular Gothic
was used, a type of Gothic with
predominance of straight lines.
-Barry designed it, but Pugin
recommended the details, accessories
and pieces to use.
- Gothic features on arches, windows,
Example: Perpendicular the towers and the pinnacle.
architecture, Gloucester -The windows are made by stained
Cathedral. glass in the Westminster Hall at Houses
of the Parliament.
Westminster Hall, the roof was supported by pillars, three aisles,
but this was replaced by a hammer beam roof.
9. ROMANTICISM
-Developed in the first decades of the
19th century (1800-1840).
-Style based on freedom,
individualism, feelings and
nationalism.
-Opposed to rationalism, proportions
and universalism of New Classicism.
-Artists went back to the Middle Ages.
-The favourite themes were exotic Death of Sardanapalus, Delacroix
places, the unknown, folklore,
traditions and wild nature.
10. Romantic Sculpture
-Developed between 1830 and 1848.
-Main features: the expression of
feelings and movement.
-Emphasis in the pictorial values.
-Main themes:
-1st: Patriotic monument, dedicated to David D’Angers, the Goethe and the
heroes, the city or the nation, on Napoleon.
monuments that have a patriotic meaning
or show a decisive fact for the nation.
-2nd:Animal sculptures: the search of the
irrational, the expansion, the expression
of vigor and the strength, he maintains
the anatomy of each animal.
-3rd:Portrait, following Neo-Classicism,
especially the taste of nudity, but with
sentimental effects.
François Rude, the Marseillaise, the
Neapolitan Fisherman and a Tiger
Attacking a Stag.
11. Romantic Painting
PAINTERS:
FEATURES:
-Movement France:
-Colour
-Light, with bright colours, -Théodore Géricault
loose brush-strokes, full
of light paintings and wild
natural landscapes.
The Charging Chasseur,
Géricault.
The raft of the Medusa, Géricault.
12. France:
-Eugène Delacroix
Women of Algiers in their
Apartment, Delacroix.
Arab Horseman Attacked by a Lion,
Delacroix.
16. Liberty leading the people
-Author, Eugène Delacroix.
-Painted in 1830.
-Present Location: Louvre Museum, Paris.
-Material: Oil on canvas.
-Size: 260 X 325cm.
-Description:
On the center, shows the allegorical figure of
Liberty. Liberty isn’t a woman, she is an
abstract force. She is wearing the traditional
Phrygian cap of liberty and is holding a gun and
the tricolour flag, represents the French nation.
Delacroix is the young man in the painting
wearing the opera hat.
There is a moribund who is looking to Liberty
and he would die.
On the floor, a man without clothes, some
people stole his clothes. There are also soldiers
and dead people.
On the Background, there are people with
-Allegoric painting about the events weapons.
happened during the 1830 -The scene occurs in Paris, because at the top
on the right we can see the tower of Notre
revolution. Dame.
17. -The Romantic Features:
The structure: pyramidal.
Colours: blue, white and red as we
can see in the flag, because they are
France´s colours.
Dark colours, because he tried to
represent the liberty and in the
background there is smoke. It is a
patriotic painting.
Political poster: it represents the
release of the French people.
18. Credits
Books: Blanco, Cristina and Pérez, Paqui (2011) Social Sciences, History 4ºESO,
September 2011.
Websites:
-Wikipedia 15/01/12. http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arquitectura_historicista
-BBC.News
http://news.bbc.co.uk/hi/english/static/in_depth/uk/2000/parliament/default.stm
-Wikipedia 14/04/12.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_Gothic_architecture#Perpendicular_Gothic
-Essenctial Humanities, Neo-Classical and Romantic Sculpture. 2008-2012
http://www.essential-humanities.net/western-art/western-sculpture/neoclassical-and-
#» Romantic
-Springstun
http://www.cartage.org.lb/en/themes/arts/scultpureplastic/sculpturehistory/romantics
-The France of Victor Hugo
http://www.mtholyoke.edu/courses/rschwart/hist255/la/delacroix.html
-Wikipedia 17/04/12
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liberty_Leading_the_People
