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Biophotonics: A Strategic Assessment of Photonics Technologies for
Biomedical Applications, 2nd Edition
December 1, 2008
Biophotonics describes the use of photonics in biomedical applications. There are
several key areas that are associated with biophotonics. All of these center on
microscopy and related technology. The reason that this is so is that biophotonics look
at biological functions at the cellular level, or even smaller. The only way that these
processes can be observed is via one or another form of microscopy.
Among the different types of microscopy and associated technologies essential to the
applications of biophotonics are: Among the different types of microscopy and
associated technologies essential to the applications of biophotonics are:
Optical Sectioning Microscopy
o Differential Interference Contrasting Imaging (Nomarski Imaging)
o Laser Scanning Confocal Imaging
o Parallel Beam Confocal Imaging Systems
o Multiple-Photon Excitation Fluorescence Microscopy
o Computational Optical Sectioning Microscopy
Photon Limited Microscopy
o Charge Coupled Detectors (CCDs)
o Avalanche photodiodes (APDs)
o Photomultipliers (PMTs)
Fluorescent Probes
Fluorescent Lifetime Imaging
Caged Bioactive Probes
Several Non-Imaging Optical Techniques
Photonics has been a reality in non-life-sciences (e.g., electronics, materials sciences,
weaponry, etc.) field for a long time now. It has been of great value in many industrial
applications and even to the point of use in strategic surveillance. Now that it has been
pointed toward the life-sciences fields is had found a new, rapidly growing area of
development. Newer applications and associated technologies include:
Microgenomics
Maldi-ToF Mass Spectrometry
Solid-State Lasers

2. Raman Spectroscopy
Cytometry
Plasmon Resonance
CARS Microscopy
Quantum Dots
Microwave Technology
Förster Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET)
Protein Microarrays
Microlenses
Atomic Force Microscopy
Whirling Fiber Endoscopy
Adaptive Optics
Nanowires
Aptamers
Scope and Methodology
This report, now in its 2nd edition, focuses on the technology of biophotonics, its
applications to biomedical research, its potential for clinical applications, and the
progress that is being made in these fields. The major market effects of new
biophotonics technology, with the potential of a breakthrough finding always a
possibility, are expected to be seen over the next ten years in the biomedical research
field—including pharmaceutical development. The technology trends selected in
conjunction with the growing interest in biophotonics present the most informative
picture of advances in this technology and in the markets that result.
This report covers biophotonics in a broad sense. It does not go into the detail of the
individual products in the marketplace, either systems or components. The ability to do
so is limited by several factors, including cross-applications of components, among
which it is not possible to discriminate in the marketplace, and the mix of systems and
components needed to provide complete biophotonic instruments—many of which are
designed and constructed in individual laboratories. It does discuss, however, the
impacts that various advanced technologies are having on biophotonics markets as a
whole. In general it is the growth of related technologies used in the marketplace that
have advanced the concept of photonics and, as we are concerned, biophotonics to the
level of achievement it has reached today. Indeed, advanced biophotonics technology
and applications will replace many of the existing products used in biomedical research,
clinical diagnostics and imaging today. In an era of cost-containment and managed
care, however, the market value may be limited somewhat by existing standards.
Market analysis in this report, with regard to projections, considers the biophotonics
markets globally and in the United States. By way of comparison, the global markets for
all optoelectronics products and for optoelectronic sensors (some of which are used in
biophotonics) are provided. This report does not consider individual products or product
groups within biophotonics because there simply is not enough definition in the market
to do so. Again, some mention is made of the global markets for overall optoelectronics

3. (photonics) and its related optoelectronic sensors, but the specific market dynamics of
those markets are not considered in detail. The focus of this report is on the
biophotonics technologies and those technologies with the potential to provide first-line
market entrants.
The analysis presented in this report is based on data from a combination of company,
government, industry, institutional and private sources. It includes information from
extensive literature reviews and discussions with experts in the field, including
electronics engineers, researchers, experts in materials science, and business
development managers and marketing managers.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER One: Executive Summary
Scope and Methodology
Market Analysis Summary
Trends and Considerations
CHAPTER Two: The Basics of Biophotonics
Optical Sectioning Microscopy
o Differential Interference Contrasting Imaging (Nomarski Imaging)
o Laser Scanning Confocal Imaging
o Parallel Beam Confocal Imaging System
o Multiple-Photon Excitation Fluorescence Microscopy
o Computational Optical Sectioning Microscopy
Photon Limited Microscopy
o Charge Coupled Detectors (CCDs)
o Avalanche Photodiodes (APDs)
o Photomultipliers (PMTs)
Fluorescent Probes in Biological Research
Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging
Caged Bioactive Probes
Non-Imaging Optical Techniques
o Laser microsurgery
o Fluorescent Recovery after Photobleaching
o Photoactivation of Caged Compounds
o Optical Trapping

4. CHAPTER Three: Applications of Biophotonics
Biophotonics and Microgenomics
MALDI-TOF and Protein Analysis
Diode-Pumped Solid State Lasers
MicroFlow Cytometry
Raman Spectroscopy and Surgery
Plasmon Resonance and Protein Analysis
Raman Spectra in HIV and Disease Diagnosis
CARS Microscopy
Fluorescent Probes and Quantum Dots
Microwaves and Fluorescent Assays
FRET
Three-Color Large-Area Sensors
Identification of RNA-Protein Interactions
Protein Microarrays without Labels
Microlenses
Atomic Force Microscopy
Miniature Lenses for Microarray Spots
Whirling Fiber Endoscopy
Adaptive Optics
Self-Illuminating Quantum Dots
Diamond Biosensors
Nanowires
Aptamers and Atomic Force Microscopy
CHAPTER Four: Market Analysis
CHAPTER Five: Company Profiles
Affymetrix
ANDOR Technology PLC
o 4/5D Microscopy
o Bioluminescent Imaging
o Cell Motility
o Chemiluminescent Imaging
o Single Cell Gel Electrophoresis—Comet Assay
o Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET)
o Fluorescent In-Situ Hybridization (FISH)
o Immunofluorescence Microscopy
o Ion Signaling Microscopy
o Live Cell Confocal Microscopy
o Single-Molecule Detection
o Total Internal Reflectance (TIRF) Microscopy

5. BD Biosciences
Biomedical Photometrics, Inc.
Bio-Tek Instruments
Caliper Life Sciences
Cambridge Technology
Carl Zeiss Microimaging, Inc.
o Life Sciences and Medical Systems
o Optical Consumer Goods
o Industrial Systems
Cellomics, Inc.
o ArrayScan®
o Certified ArrayScan® HCS Reader
o Core BioApplications
o KineticScan® HCS Reader
o cellWoRx
Hamamatsu Photonic Systems
Horiba
o Engine Measurement Instruments and Systems
o Analytical Instrumentation and Systems
o Semiconductor Instruments and Systems
o Medical/Diagnostics Instruments and Systems
Invitrogen Corporation
Ludl Electronic Products, Ltd.
o Filter Wheels
o Focus Control System
o Microscope Power Supplies
MDS Analytical Technologies
Ocean Optics, Inc.
Olympus America, Inc.
Perkin Elmer Optoelectronics
PicoQuant GmbH
Spectra-Physics (A Division of Newport Corporation)
CHAPTER Six: Conclusions and Strategic Implications
First Conclusion
o Implications:
Second Conclusion
o Implications:
Third Conclusion
o Implications:
Fourth Conclusion
o Implications:

6. Fifth Conclusion
o Implications:
Sixth Conclusion
o Implications:
Seventh Conclusion
Implications:
APPENDIX A: Glossary
APPENDIX B: Market Participants Directory
Available immediately for Online Download at
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