2. Introduction
The ChildVoice International (CVI) Lukome Center is located in Lukodi, Uganda.
Lukodi is located approximately 20km outside of Gulu city in Northern Uganda. The
current population at CVI is around 50 people, but it is expected in the future to grow to
100.
CVI has a drilled bedrock well located at 2° 55.1431 N 32° 17.678. The well is equipped
with an India Mark II hand pump. There is no existing water distribution system, water is
pumped into jerry cans and carried back to the center for drinking, bathing, and cooking.
CVI has requested the design of a water distribution system that will pump water from
the well up to a storage tank that will be able to hold at least a days worth of water and
enough water during peak demand such as when groups visit. The storage tank will
supply water to different locations (near the kitchen, lower guest huts, classrooms, farm,
etc) on the property, via gravity, where small spigots and taps can be installed.
Th CVI well at the Lukome Center is on the western side of the property, farthest from
the Patiko Road. The well was drilled in March 2012. The well (borehole) is a six inch
diameter boring to a full depth of 216 feet [65.89 m]. PVC casing was set to below soil
and weathered bedrock to a depth of 137 feet [41.87 m]. Final well completion is not
clear. There is 18 feet [5.48 m] of one-slot plastic well screen, but it is not known at what
depth it was installed. Analysis of the pumping test data for the well indicates formation
transmissivity of 20 square feet per day and a storage coefficient of 0.037. The pumping
test was run for 12 hours at a rate of 18 gpm [69 lpm].
Demand
Since CVI is growing, a future demand was needed to ensure that the well had the
capability to supply enough water to the community. The estimated future population is
100 people. According to the Rural Water Supply Network estimated rural Africa water
demand is 15-20 liters/capita/day (lpcd), the higher end estimation of 20 lpcd was used in
estimating the Lukome Center water demand. At a water consumption of 20 lpcd the well
will need to be capable of producing 592 gpd (gallons per day) [2,240 lpd] or 0.3674 gpm
(gallons per minute) [1.4 lpm]. According to the 2012 well pumping test and analysis of
the data, the well is capable of supplying a sustained 18 gpm (4.15 m3
/hr), which means
it can supply much more than the estimated future community needs.
Storage options
The Rural Water Supply Network estimates that people using an India Mark II pump
average a water consumption of 15-20L/person/day. CVI has estimated that when they
are fully expanded they will have approximately 100 people at the Lukome Center. Using
3. the high estimate of 20L/person/day, CVI will consume approximately 500 gallons per
day.
There are several ways to approach the potable water storage needed by the Lukome
Center. The final storage location should be decided upon by CVI after carefully
reviewing the options listed and considering finances.
One option is purchasing one large, 1500 gallon [5,680 l] tank. The current Lokome
Center population only needs approximately 265 gallons per day [1,000 l]. This storage
tank could store enough water for over 5 days, which is out of the range of typical
drinking water storage.
Another option is to install a 500 gallon tank, this will serve the current size community
and any visiting guests. In the future when the population increases and the 500-gallon
tank is outgrown, an additional tank may be added to the system. These two tanks can be
plumbed together to act as one.
It is recommended that CVI go with the second option, a 500-gallon tank now, and allow
for future expansion. This will save capital cost, and additional tanks may not be needed.
Norwesco’s water tank (part number N-43101) or equivalent may be used. The tank is
500-gallon tank made of HDPE. It is 48”Dx73”H with a 2” drain, 1.5” inlet, and a 16”
access at the top. Tanks are available in country through Multiple Industries Ltd.
The tank location is flexible, but it is best to minimize the piping required for distribution
to reduce costs. The tank also needs to be at the highest possible elevation so that the
system can be gravity fed to anywhere else on the complex; the tank can be on a pedestal
to add elevation (which adds head and pressure). Possible locations include: next to the
kitchen, by the ecosan latrines, and by the outdoor oven. It is recommended that the
storage tank be located by the kitchen; this will minimize the length of pipe needed for
spigot locations. It is recommended that the tank be built on a stand that is 8 feet tall,
under the stand can serve as a storage area for CVIs needs.
Pump
A pump is needed to send water from the well to the storage tank. The pump needs to be
submersible so it can sit directly in the CVI well but also so that a priming system is not
necessary. At a water consumption of 20 lpcd the pump will need to be capable of
producing 592 gpd [2,240 lpd] or 0.367 gpm [1.4 lpm]. At such a pumping rate the pump
would be running all day to meet demand. Instead it is suggested that a pump be sized to
run in the range of 5 to 10 gpm, for design purposes here, say at 7 gpm for approximately
1.5 hours each day. Given the formation hydraulic properties, pumping at 7 gpm for 1.5
hours would result in approximately 27 m (88 ft) of drawdown in the well. The well
would then have 22.5 hours to recover.
4. Grundfos SP 5A-21N or equivalent is recommended. The operating point is
approximately 128 m of lift at a flow of 5.7 m3
/hr, which is a 60% efficiency. The
numbers that made the system curve can be found in Appendix G. The pump is made of
stainless steel ANSI grade 316. The diameter of the pump is 95mm, which is able to fit in
the well. It will produce approximately 4 HP (3kW) of power. Appendix A shows the
calculations indicating the pump will be able to provide enough energy for the water to
reach the tank. Appendix E shows the operating point of the SP 5A-21N pump.
The pump will not need to run for the entire day and will need to be turned on an off. A
float switch will allow the volume of water in the tank to be controlled, the pump would
turn on and off at set water levels. This would allow the storage volume to vary as the
community grows. A pressure switch would work similarly, but would turn on when the
water in the tank does not have enough pressure to serve the center and would turn off
after the water level had attained a pressure corresponding to a certain depth of water in
the tank. A cheaper option is to put a site gage on the side, which will show the water
level in the tank. The pump can then manually be turned on and off depending on the
water level.
In order to prevent the water from flowing back towards the pump in the distribution line
a backflow will be installed after the pump, and before the tee.
Distribution system
There is currently no water distribution system at the CVI Lukome center. Water is
retrieved in jerry cans and then carried to where it is needed. The new pump will send
water through a distribution line to the tank by the kitchen. Distribution lines will then
carry water to spigots located at various locations on the property. It is recommended
that CVI install distribution lines from the tank to west end guest huts, one by the
daycare, one by the farm, and one by the classrooms. Spigots will be installed at the end
of the distribution lines to allow for easy use and collection of the stored water. The
number and location of these spigots will provide for easy water access through the CVI
Lukome center property. The daycare, west end hut, and classroom spigots will be fed
from the tank. The CVI farm is close to the well so to save piping, a tee will be installed
after the pump. The tee will run water to the CVI farm spigot and the tank. Appendix B
includes calculations confirming the water from the tank can be gravity fed to the
property locations where spigots were suggested above. The EGL and HGL of the
distribution system can be found in Appendix H. Appendix C shows an elevation profile
of the property. Appendix D shows the property plan.
JM Eagle’s DR-11 1-inch HDPE piping should be used or equivalent. The pipe needed
for the distribution lines HDPE piping capable of handling 120psi. HDPE piping can be
purchased in large rolls; one size pipe will be used for the whole system. A 1” diameter
piping will be sufficient to carry water from the well to the tank and the tank to spigot
locations (.75” piping can be used if “1 is not readily available) (see Appendix F).
5. HDPE piping is available from Roofings Group in Gulu and Multiple Industries Ltd in
Kampala.
Future Options-expansion of system
As mentioned early this system was designed to be easily expandable. A 500 gallon tank
is recommended to be installed and additional tanks can be added in the future. CVI is
able to choose how many spigots they would like to start with and their location, but
installing the piping for additional spigots would be a simple easy expansion of the
distribution system.
Codes and Regulations
The Ministry of Water and Environment (MWE) is the lead agency who creates the
national water and sanitation policies and regulations.
Under the Uganda Water Act of 1997 Part II: Water Resources, Division 3:Hydraulic
Works and Uses of Water, Section 18 Construction of Works, (2) “A person wishing to
construct any works or to take and use water may apply to the director in the prescribed
form for a permit to do so”.
6. Uganda Water Act of 1997
http://www.mwe.go.ug/index.php?option=com_docman&task=cat_view&gid=7&Itemid
=223
Pump
http://ca.grundfos.com/content/dam/GCA/Literature/Product%20Guide/Grundfos_DataB
ooklet_0907_SP.pdf
Per Capita Use
http://www.rural-water-supply.net/en/implementation/handpump-overview/148-india-
mark-ii-extra-deep-well-pump
Piping
http://www.jmeagle.com/pdfs/HDPE%20Spec%20Sheet%203608.pdf
Tank
http://www.tank-depot.com/productdetails.aspx?part=N-43101
28. DIST FROM WELL EGL HGL
well 0 3212 3212
T 10 3211.85 3311.7
Pump 20 3319.8 3319.7
Tank 1440 3313.2 3313.2
3200
3220
3240
3260
3280
3300
3320
0 500 1000 1500 2000
EGL/EGL(ft)
Dist from Pump
Pump to Tank
EGL
HGL
29. DIST FROM WELL EGL HGL
well 0 3212 3212
Pump 10 3319.8 3319.7
T 20 3319.7 3319.6
Spigot bends and valve 270 3293.09 3290.35
spigot outlet 270 3262.74 3260
3190
3210
3230
3250
3270
3290
3310
3330
0 50 100 150 200 250 300
EGL/HGL(ft)
Dist from Pump
Pump to Farm
EGL
HGL
30. DIST FROM TANK EGL HGL
tank 0 3313.2 3313.2
spigot bend and valve 470 3297.13 3296.15
spigot outfall 470 3285.98 3285
3280
3285
3290
3295
3300
3305
3310
3315
0 100 200 300 400 500
EGL/HGL(ft)
Dist from Tank
Tank to West End Huts
EGL
HGL
31. DIST FROM TANK EGL HGL
tank 0 3313.2 3313.2
spigot bend and valve 350 3303.17 3302.35
spigot outfall 350 3293.82 3293
3290
3295
3300
3305
3310
3315
0 100 200 300 400
EGL/HGL(ft)
Dist from Tank
Tank to Daycare
EGL
HGL
32. DIST FROM TANK EGL HGL
tank 0 3313.2 3313.2
spigot bend and valve 150 3310.27 3309.67
spigot outfall 150 3303.6 3303
3302
3304
3306
3308
3310
3312
3314
0 50 100 150 200
EGL/HGL(ft)
Dist from Tank
Tank to Ecosan
EGL
HGL
![Introduction
The ChildVoice International (CVI) Lukome Center is located in Lukodi, Uganda.
Lukodi is located approximately 20km outside of Gulu city in Northern Uganda. The
current population at CVI is around 50 people, but it is expected in the future to grow to
100.
CVI has a drilled bedrock well located at 2° 55.1431 N 32° 17.678. The well is equipped
with an India Mark II hand pump. There is no existing water distribution system, water is
pumped into jerry cans and carried back to the center for drinking, bathing, and cooking.
CVI has requested the design of a water distribution system that will pump water from
the well up to a storage tank that will be able to hold at least a days worth of water and
enough water during peak demand such as when groups visit. The storage tank will
supply water to different locations (near the kitchen, lower guest huts, classrooms, farm,
etc) on the property, via gravity, where small spigots and taps can be installed.
Th CVI well at the Lukome Center is on the western side of the property, farthest from
the Patiko Road. The well was drilled in March 2012. The well (borehole) is a six inch
diameter boring to a full depth of 216 feet [65.89 m]. PVC casing was set to below soil
and weathered bedrock to a depth of 137 feet [41.87 m]. Final well completion is not
clear. There is 18 feet [5.48 m] of one-slot plastic well screen, but it is not known at what
depth it was installed. Analysis of the pumping test data for the well indicates formation
transmissivity of 20 square feet per day and a storage coefficient of 0.037. The pumping
test was run for 12 hours at a rate of 18 gpm [69 lpm].
Demand
Since CVI is growing, a future demand was needed to ensure that the well had the
capability to supply enough water to the community. The estimated future population is
100 people. According to the Rural Water Supply Network estimated rural Africa water
demand is 15-20 liters/capita/day (lpcd), the higher end estimation of 20 lpcd was used in
estimating the Lukome Center water demand. At a water consumption of 20 lpcd the well
will need to be capable of producing 592 gpd (gallons per day) [2,240 lpd] or 0.3674 gpm
(gallons per minute) [1.4 lpm]. According to the 2012 well pumping test and analysis of
the data, the well is capable of supplying a sustained 18 gpm (4.15 m3
/hr), which means
it can supply much more than the estimated future community needs.
Storage options
The Rural Water Supply Network estimates that people using an India Mark II pump
average a water consumption of 15-20L/person/day. CVI has estimated that when they
are fully expanded they will have approximately 100 people at the Lukome Center. Using](data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7)