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Moral Issue of Euthanasia



      Mevelle L Asuncion

 CENTRAL MINDANAO UNIVERSITY
     COLLEGE OF NURSING
EUTHANASIA
 Gk word “ eu”- easy
 “thanatos” – death
 Painless death
 Mercy killing
Classification
1. self-administered
 Active/positive euthanasia
 Passive/negative euthanasia
2. Other administered
 Active and voluntary
 Passive and voluntary
 Active and nonvoluntary
 Passive and nonvoluntary
Active euthanasia
 Act of commission
 Peron end his own life
Passive euthanasia
 Allowed to die without taking
  medications or refuse medical
  treatment
 Act of omission
Positive side
 Mercy killing
 Preserve human dignity




Negative side
 Hastens the death of the individual
 Does not prolong agony
Different views
   Garry Williams
    ◦ Wrong
    1. Argument from nature
    2. Argument from self-interest
    3. Argument from practical effects
       James Rachel
    ◦    Allows euthanasia to be humane, since
         it does not prolong agony
    ◦    Depends on motive and intentions
Different views
   Fillipa Foot
    ◦ Active and passive euthanasia
    ◦ But with patients consent
   Rachel Brandt
    ◦ Ross prima facie duty
    ◦ Active and voluntary
    ◦ If patient has instructions beforehand then
      it is our obligatio to fulfill his/her wish
Natural law ethics
 Condemns mercy killing
 Except for principle of double effect
 Ex:
    ◦ Giving of pain reliever with good intention
      but with indirect effect of shortening
      lifespan
Kant’s ethics
 Preserve human dignity
 Autonomous rational being
 Ok with active voluntary euthanasia
 Ok with active nonvoluntary if the
  patient is comatose
 Comatose
    ◦ No self-regulating will
Utilitarianism
 Greatest good for the greatest number
  of people
 If a patient is dying, it is better to
  donate organs

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Moral issue of euthanasia

  • 1. Moral Issue of Euthanasia Mevelle L Asuncion CENTRAL MINDANAO UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF NURSING
  • 2. EUTHANASIA  Gk word “ eu”- easy  “thanatos” – death  Painless death  Mercy killing
  • 3. Classification 1. self-administered  Active/positive euthanasia  Passive/negative euthanasia 2. Other administered  Active and voluntary  Passive and voluntary  Active and nonvoluntary  Passive and nonvoluntary
  • 4. Active euthanasia  Act of commission  Peron end his own life
  • 5. Passive euthanasia  Allowed to die without taking medications or refuse medical treatment  Act of omission
  • 6. Positive side  Mercy killing  Preserve human dignity Negative side  Hastens the death of the individual  Does not prolong agony
  • 7. Different views  Garry Williams ◦ Wrong 1. Argument from nature 2. Argument from self-interest 3. Argument from practical effects  James Rachel ◦ Allows euthanasia to be humane, since it does not prolong agony ◦ Depends on motive and intentions
  • 8. Different views  Fillipa Foot ◦ Active and passive euthanasia ◦ But with patients consent  Rachel Brandt ◦ Ross prima facie duty ◦ Active and voluntary ◦ If patient has instructions beforehand then it is our obligatio to fulfill his/her wish
  • 9. Natural law ethics  Condemns mercy killing  Except for principle of double effect  Ex: ◦ Giving of pain reliever with good intention but with indirect effect of shortening lifespan
  • 10. Kant’s ethics  Preserve human dignity  Autonomous rational being  Ok with active voluntary euthanasia  Ok with active nonvoluntary if the patient is comatose  Comatose ◦ No self-regulating will
  • 11. Utilitarianism  Greatest good for the greatest number of people  If a patient is dying, it is better to donate organs