3. • Nepal
▫ A land linked country located at Center of South
Asia
▫ Total Area: 147, 181 Sq. km.
▫ Total Population 26.3 million
▫ 2 million people are living outside nation for
abroad earning.
▫ Rich in geography with minimum height 60 m to
8848 m as highest.
Source CBS 2011
4. Religion
• Hindu 81%
• Buddhist 9%
• Islam 4.4 %
• Kirat 3%
• Christianity 1.4%
Source: CBS 2011
5. Major Source of Income
• GDP production: US$ 17.921 Billion
Contribution to GDP
industry
15%
agriculture
36%
service
s
49% Source: National Economic Survey, NRB,
2012
6. Contd..
• Tourism is another steady source of revenue.
• 596, 569 tourists visited Nepal in 2011. [NTB
2012] and spent US$ 454 million
Source: National Economic Survey, NRB 2012
•
8. Chitwan
Chitwan has been administratively divided in to 37
village Development Committees;
Total area 2218 sq km
Total population: 579, 984 [Source: CBS, 2011]
Nepal has been administratively divided into
▫ 5 Development Regions
▫ 14 zones
▫ 75 districts and
▫ 3994 VDCs
▫ VDC is the smallest administrative body to look after
all administrative and development activities [Gurung
2007]
9. Chitwan
• Chitwan, prior to 1951, was dense forest and was
inhabited by only Tharu people. People from the
mountain used to worry and scare to go to Chitwan
due to Malaria. [BISEP-ST, WWF, 2005]
• Only Tharu people, who were inhabited in the
region were resistant to Malaria. There were only
Tharus in the region populating some 10,000.
• After Malaria eradication in 1951 [with the help of
US government] the population boomed up as many
hill migrants started coming and settling down in
Chitwan. [Then HMG Nepal Gazette 2043 B.S./~ 1986 AD]
12. Population and Demography
VDC Number of Total Male Female
HH Population
Bachhauli 1882 10509 5334 5175
Amarapuri 1731 9789 5052 CBS 2011
Source: 4737
13. Demographic Composition of Bachhauli
VDC
Magar
4%
Tamang Brahmin
5% 23%
Tharu
27% Chettri
9%
CBS 2011, cited by Guragain 2012
14. Demographic Composition of
Amarapuri VDC
Others Demographic Composition of Amarapuri VDC
8%
Dalits
15%
Brahmin
33%
Janjati
26%
Chettri
18%
CBS 2011, cited by Guragain 2012
21. Major features of Chitwan and
Bachhauli
• 19.6 % of the total land area of Nepal [28,847
sq. km.] has been covered by 19 protected areas
[National Park, Conservation Area, Hunting
Reserve and Wildlife Reserve]
• Chitwan National Park:
▫ 932 sq km
▫ Major Fauna
Bengal Tiger
Rhinoceros unicornis
Asian Elephant
Python
Deer [Spotted, Barking Hog, Samber]
DNPWC, CNP Profile, 2009
22. Population and Demography of
Chitwan National Park
• The place was dense forest and fully inhabited by
wild animals
• In 1951, after malaria eradication, the people
from the hills started migrated to Tarai [Sothern
Plain] and Chitwan became the famous
destination due to highly fertile land and other
natural resources. [Winrock 2009]
23. Chitwan National Park
• Due to excess growth in population, the forest
areas started being cleared and deforestation
became massive.
• DFRS, 1991 data depicts that, from 1961-1971
more than half of the forest were cleared by the
immigrants. [Hill I., 2001]
24. Chitwan National Park
• In 1971, Lt. King Mahendra declared the area as
National Park [Initially known as Mriga kunja:
Mriga: Deer; Kunja: Park]
• In 1973, it was gazetted as Royal Chitwan
National Park
• In 2006, after abolishment of Monarchy and
establishment of republic, area started being
known as Chitwan National Park
30. Tourism
• The main objective of declaring the forest of
Chitwan as Chitwan National Park is to conserve
the forest and its species. [DNPWC 2003]
• After formulation of Integrated Conservation
and Development Project [ICDP] the new
concept came out that strongly favored the idea
of gaining economic benefits, developing the
local area/ community together with
conservation. [WWF, 1999]
31. Continued….
• Eco-tourism thus became really famous in the
area to gain economic benefits from tourism
(both domestic and international). [Guragain 2012]
• In Sauraha alone, there are around 60 hotels
and resorts that can cater the need so the people
who are here for the touring purpose. [HAAN 2010]
• Chitwan National Park is second largest
protected area in terms of number of tourist visit
and thus has contributed greatly to the National
Income and local development. [NTB 2011]
32. Community Forest
• The forest, that is Managed, Governed and
Utilized by the local community.
▫ In the form of wood;
▫ Timber;
▫ Non timber forest product;
▫ Medicinal forests etc.
33. Community Forest
• Chitwan and Bachhauli
▫ Both known for its highly successful community
forests e.g.
Baghmara Community Forest
Kumroj Community Forest
Milijuli Community Forest
Chitrasen Community Forest
Jankauli Community Forest etc.
34. Community Forest
Community forests in the area has been able to earn
handsome revenue [upto NPR 30 million by Baghmara
Community Forest alone in the Year 2011]
Such money is used for local and community development
like:
• Roads;
• Irrigation canal
• Schools
• Health posts
• Drinking water
35. About Chitwan/ Bachhauli
• Strength
▫ Ecological hotspot
▫ Potential ecotourism site
▫ World heritage site
▫ Nice, friendly and cooperative people
▫ People’s level of awareness regarding environment
and local resources
36. About Chitwan/Bachhauli
• Weaknesses:
▫ Inadequate logistics to provide world class service
to the tourists
▫ Lack of adequate technologies to perform timely
research on biodiversity.
▫ Unhealthy competition between hotels and
restaurants.
▫ Wildlife poaching, smuggling
▫ Pollution, waste problem, foreign influence on
local culture
