This document provides an introduction to competency-based training. It discusses key aspects of developing a competency-based training framework including functional analysis to identify competency units, establishing competency standards, designing training programs, and assessment. It provides examples of competency maps and skills qualification frameworks. The goal is to outline the process and key documents needed to design a competency-based training program that leads to a certification, such as developing a framework for a Certificate in Supervisory Management Skills.

1. Introduction to
Competency-based Training
THEINT THEINT HTUN
19.07.2013
MICTDC
HR Consultant
B.S.c (Phys)
Advanced Diploma in Business Management (ABE,UK)
Advanced Diploma in Human Resource Management (ABE,UK)
Diploma in Business Law (Yangon University)
PHR Candidate (SHRM, USA)

2. Introduction to Competency-based Training
HR Planning
Career
Development
Replacement
Planning
Performance
Management
Reward
Competency
Recruitment &
Selection
Induction
Training &
Development
Promotion
Succession
Planning
Learning
Retention

3. Introduction to Competency-based Training
A cluster of related
knowledge, skills and attitudes
 that are observable and measurable
 necessary to perform a work activity
independently at a prescribed proficiency
level

4. Introduction to Competency-based Training
o Generic :
o Industry :
Transferable to other industries
Applicable to all occupations within the industry
o Occupational :
Applicable to a specific occupation

5. Introduction to Competency-based Training
Competency Based Training is training that is designed to
allow a learner to demonstrate their ability to do
something.
 The key thing about CBT is that you either can or can
not (yet) do the thing that you are learning about.
 Learners are not expected to perform tasks better
than others, or in competition to others.
 Learners simply have to demonstrate they can do a
task, activity or exercise well enough to be assessed
as “competent”.

6. Introduction to Competency-based Training
Need
Assessment
Functional/
Task Analysis
Establish
Competency
Standard
Design a
Training
Program
Assessment

7. Introduction to Competency-based Training
It contains the following:
 Mapping Skilled Occupations of an Industry
Need
Assessment
Sector
 Target Population Identification
 Collect and Analyse Data

8. Introduction to Competency-based Training
Functional/
Task
Analysis
The process of identifying the
competencies required for work
performance is called Functional Analysis
(FA)
Task Analysis (TA) is a systematic process
of determining the skills, knowledge,
attitudes and other attributes required to
perform a specific job task

9. Introduction to Competency-based Training
 Basic for Designing Training and Assessment
 Is used as the planning, design and development of curriculum
 Is developed in collaboration with industry
Establish
Competency
Standard

10. Introduction to Competency-based Training
It usually contains the following:
 Industry and sector
 Competency unit description
 Competency statements written
as competency elements and
performance criteria;
 Essential or underpinning
knowledge;
 Range and context of
application;
Establish
Competency  Evidence sources
Standard

11. Introduction to Competency-based Training
 Learning by doing
 Perform to meet Competency Standard
(CS)
 Training & assessment based on
nationally recognized CS
 Training is mainly hands-on
supplemented by essential knowledge
Design a
Training
Program

12. Introduction to Competency-based Training
Assessment that is based on evidence that:
The candidate can demonstrate ability to perform a
task or function to a level that is expected by the
workplace.
• measured against a Competency Standard
endorsed by industry
• no comparison of one person against another
For example, there are no “extra points” for
extra effort or performance.
• outcome is either ‘Competent’ or ‘Not Yet
Competent
Assessment

13. Introduction to Competency-based Training
Curriculum Documents for Design of
CBT training
Skilled Occupations map
Functional Analysis map
Competency map
Skills Set and Qualifications map

14. Introduction to Competency-based Training
Skilled Occupations Map
The map shows the skilled occupations within a
particular industry for workforce skills development.
HOTEL & ACCOMMODATION SERVICES
Accommodation Services
Food & Beverage Services
Front Office Clerks
Chefs
Receptionists/ Customer Service
Cooks
Telephone Operators
Waiters
Housekeepers
Bartenders
Cleaners
Dishwashers
Security Officers
Kitchen cleaners

15. Introduction to Competency-based Training
Functional Analysis Map
A process to identify the required competency units to
perform a work function..
By determining
 key purpose of industry
 its main functions
 the sub-functions
 then finally the CUs

16. Introduction to Competency-based Training
Functional Analysis Map (example)

17. Introduction to Competency-based Training
A competency map is a list of an individual’s competencies
that represent the factors most critical to success in given
jobs, departments, organizations, or industries.
It gives an overall view of the required competencies for
various occupational areas in an industry.
 These Competency Units (CUs) are for development
into Competency Standards (CSs).
 The CUs are extracted from the FA map

18. Introduction to Competency-based Training
Category
Provide housekeeping
services
Competency Units
1 Service guestrooms
2 Service public areas
3 Launder linen and garments
4 Maintain linen room services
5 Clean guestrooms
6 Clean public areas
Prepare food
List of competency units
Prepare beverage
List of competency units
Deliver food and beverage service
List of competency units
Deliver front office service
List of competency units

19. Introduction to Competency-based Training
Purpose
 Helps employers and workers to understand
qualifications (diplomas, certificates, or
recognition of learning and capabilities)
 Shows how qualifications relate to those of
other systems for recognition purpose.

20. Introduction to Competency-based Training
The Myanmar National Skills Qualifications Framework
(NQF) has 4 levels as follows:
Qualification
Job Level
Certificate 1
Semi-skilled worker
Certificate 2
Skilled worker
Certificate 3
Certificate 4
Advanced skilled worker
Supervisor
Skills, Knowledge & Ability
Understands safety requirements
Has basic practical skills and operational knowledge in a defined range of
tasks
Can carry out routine tasks given clear direction
Can receive and pass on information
Can access and record information
Take limited responsibility
Has practical skills and operational knowledge in a range of tasks
Can carry out skilled tasks
Take limited responsibility for output of self
Has some theoretical knowledge
Has a range of well developed skills
Can apply solutions to routine problems
Can interpret available information
Can take responsibility for output of others
Has a broad knowledge base, and can apply some theoretical concepts
Can identify and apply skills and knowledge
Can identify, analyze and evaluate information
Understands and can take responsibility for quality, safety and
environmental issues

21. Introduction to Competency-based Training
• It is a list of competency units which a learner must
fulfil in order to be awarded a national qualification
eg; Level 1 Certificate of Hotel Accommodation
Services.
• may be classified into Core and Elective CUs.

22. Introduction to Competency-based Training
Level 1 Certificate of Hotel Accommodation
Core CUs
1. Work safely
2. Interact
with guests
Electives (Choose 4)
Guest Services
Housekeeping Operations
Handle Guest Arrival
Provide Bell Services
Provide Switchboard
Services
Maintain Guest Accounts
Provide Foreign
Exchange Services
Handle Guest Departures
Service guestrooms
Service public areas
Launder linen and garments
Maintain linen room
services
Clean guestrooms
Clean public areas
…….more
…… more

23. Introduction to Competency-based Training
CUs sequence
Mode of training
Training duration
Aim of training programmes
Synopsis
Entry Requirement

24. Introduction to Competency-based Training
See Annex A
theint20@gmail.com

25. Introduction to Competency-based Training
You been worked as Training Manager at the
trading organization in which over 500
employees have been worked. Your Boss asked
you to design the supervisory management skills
training that will give certification award. So you
have to develop the complete Competencybased Training Framework for the Certificate in
Supervisory Management Skills.