1. Air Pollution Kalcheva, Kalina Razsolkov, Momchil Georgiev, Iliyan Section 10/4 http://pptsolutions.org/wp-content/uploads/2009/10/air_pollution_pl_600fix.jpg

2. Air Pollution: Introduction Definition General causes Examples Effects Solutions http://www.longislandpress.com/wpcontent/uploads/2010/04/air1.jpg

3. Basic knowledge on air pollution Definition: gases, dust, smells, fumes that are in harmful amounts General causes: working factories (industrialization), increase in population (environmental->air), globalization Examples: acid rain, smog, greenhouse effect (by methane mostly), burning fossil fuels 8 5 8

4. http://www.tropical-rainforest-animals.com/air-pollution-data.html#sectors

5. Polluters: PM 2.5 Consists of microscopic material in the air, PM stands for particulate matter Producers: Friction and grinding processes of soil, rocks, or metals Emissions from combustion processes, Human activities Effect: reduces the distance at which we can see the color, clarity, and contrast of far away objects 7 http://www.zmescience.com/research/studies/carbon-dioxide-and-pollution-dont-mix-well/attachment/smog-2/

6. Particulates in the air as big as bacteria Producers: Exhaust emissions of cars or a fireplace, cigarette smoke (and many others similar) Vegetation Grinding, pulverizing (mining, quarrying, cement manufacturing Effect: large on annual death rates, PM10 7

7. Sulfur Dioxide SO2 Main polluting gas Sources: Old cars Power plants Burning of fossil fuels Impacts: Oxides easily absorbed in water >> can harm fish Forming acid rains from contaminated clouds Vegetation harm 7 http://www.gasdetection.com/news2/acid_rain_4_hnd.gif

8. Acid rainhttp://image.wistatutor.com/content/environmental-pollution/acid-rain.jpeg

9. Nitrogen oxidesNO main primary emission and rapidly oxidizes to NO2 Sources: Burning fossil fuels or biomass Nitrogen content of the fuel Soil releases and lightning Effect: Acid rain Soil overload of nutrients that deteriorates water quality Atmospheric particles and global warming 7

10. Ozone (O3) Health Effects Short-term health effects in the lungs Irritate the respiratory system Makes people more sensitive to allergens Reduces the immune system's ability to fight off bacterial infections in the respiratory system 7

12. Llead and zinc factory at Kardzhali and the Republika coal-fired power station.

13. Burning of fossil fuels used for heating

14. Nitrogen:

15. Exhaust from vehicles in the major cities

16. PM10:

17. Industry, households and tansportation

18. Badly maintained roads and soil weathering 2

19. http://timetocleartheair.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/01/air_pollution_map-s.jpg

20. What is being done to decrease air pollution in Bulgaria Different directives and orders are being issued Bringing large thermal installations in Bulgaria Use of cleaner fuels Sulphur filters and Coal-fired power stations Closure of factories that do not meet the standards of EU 2 http://www.novinite.com/view_news.php?id=114645

21. Pollution from Cars http://inlinethumb44.webshots.com/20779/2191345560102347975S600x600Q85.jpg

22. Mexico City: The Most Air-Polluted City in the World 1 http://www.sbg.ac.at/ipk/avstudio/pierofun/mexico/air.htm

24. Automobile traffic; unregulated vehicles

25. Mexico City’s geographic location: situated between mountains, bad air gets trapped inside more easily (map on next slide  )

26. Main Pollutants:

27. ozone (O3)

28. sulfur dioxide (SO2)

29. nitrogen oxides (NOX)

30. hydrocarbons (HC)

31. carbon monoxide (CO)Causes of air pollution in Mexico City 3 1 http://www.marxsite.com/mexico_city.htm

32. http://faculty.smu.edu/rkemper/anth_3311/ANTH_3311_mexico_topographic_map.htm

33. Effects on society, environment, etc http://www.marxsite.com/mexico_city.htm Health damage on people Eye irritation Asthma Bronchial complaints Even premature death Damage on environment Poor visibility – gone from 100km to only 1.5km in about 60-70 years Not all polluters are toxic, however they get trapped and cannot circulate (thermal invasion) 3

35. Less lead and sulfur in fuels;

36. Implementation of catalytic converters has become obligatory

37. Solutions in process:

38. “Hoy no Circular!” (today my car doesn’t move) :Reduce the use of private vehicles:

39. Encouragement to use public transport

40. 'Verification program': Control of vehicle conditions; enforcement of engine maintenance standards

41. Change of fuels: only small changes in gasoline quality have been accepted so far. Solutions 1

42. Works Cited "Air Pollution in Mexico City, Smog, Health Effects, Fossile Fuels." Universität Salzburg. Web. 08 Dec. 2010. http://www.sbg.ac.at/ipk/avstudio/pierofun/mexico/air.htm "Air Pollution (Bulgaria)." Www.eea.europa.eu. European Environment Agency, Dec. 2007. Web. 11 Dec. 2010. <http://www.eea.europa.eu/soer/countries/bg/soertopic_view?topic=air%20pollution>. "Air Pollution: Control, Statistics, Air Pollution, Mexico & Los Angeles – EncycloMedia.com." Free Video Clips - Streaming Online Videos - EncycloMedia. Web. 08 Dec. 2010. <http://www.encyclomedia.com/air_pollution.html>. "Bulgarian Air Most Polluted in Europe — EU Business News - EUbusiness.com." EU Business News - EUbusiness.com. Web. 08 Dec. 2010. <http://www.eubusiness.com/news-eu/1236337323.03> Ignatova, Irina. "Air Pollution Causes." Rainforests, Rainforest Animals, Other Environmental Issues And Practical Environmental Solutions. Disclaimer, Nov. 2008. Web. 11 Dec. 2010. <http://www.tropical-rainforest-animals.com/air-pollution-causes.html#fund>.

43. 6. Hearse*, By Phil. "Mexico City - Envvironmental Crisis." Marxsite Start Page. Web. 08 Dec. 2010. <http://www.marxsite.com/mexico_city.htm> 7. "Pollutants." ICSR - the Web Site. Web. 08 Dec. 2010. http://www.icsr.bas.bg/ICSRwebsite/departments/rdts/htdocs/pollutants_en.html 8. "The Types of Air Pollution." News & Articles On Air, Land And Water Pollution Causes, Effects And Solutions. StudioPress Theme, 18 June 2009. Web. 11 Dec. 2010. <http://scipeeps.com/the-types-of-air-pollution/>.