BM Real-time Technologies for SUSE Linux Enterprise Real Time

IBM Real Time Technologies for
SUSE Linux Enterprise Real Time
®

Kerry Kim Benjamin S. Vera-Tudela
Marketing Manager Sr. Software Engineer
Novell IBM
kkim@novell.com bveratudela@us.ibm.com

Outline

Challenges and Trends

What is Real Time?

IBM Technologies for Real Time

SUSE Linux Enterprise Real Time Extension
®

Real Time Benefits

Customers and Partners

Next Steps

2 © Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.

Challenges

How can I …

• Use technology to be more responsive?

• Better utilize my resources?

• Cost effectively ensure QoS?

• Align IT to business priorities?


Trends

Proprietary Open Source
Software Software

Technology Technology
Specialization Consumerization

Embedded Real Enterprise Real
Time Computing Time Computing


What Is Real Time?

Hard Soft
Real Real
Time Time
(Ultra Predictability) (Ultra Low Latency)


What Is Hard Real Time?

• A hard real time application has tasks which have hard,
firm deadlines for completion of their computation and
require hard scheduling guarantees from the operating
system and hardware platform
– Granular timers
– Thread scheduling
– Interrupt handling
– Critical sections
– Memory management
– Hardware latencies


What Is Soft Real Time?

• A soft real time application has tasks which can
tolerate some missed deadlines and does not
typically require hard scheduling guarantees from
the OS or hardware platform

– Garbage collection

– Compiler support

– Low latency Middleware


Where Is Real Time Important?

Where highly predictable or
very fast response times
are needed

Real time response times have broad industry
appeal in:
– Energy and Utilities – Military and Defense
– Financial Services – Telecommunications
– Manufacturing


Hard Real Time Use Cases

Manufacturing: Military and Defense:


Soft Real Time Use Cases

Financial Services: Telecommunications:


How Can Real Time Help?

IBM and Novell can help you ... ®

• Be more responsive to changing business needs

• Better utilize your existing IT resources

• Ensure QoS cost effectively

• Better align IT to business priorities


IBM WebSphere Real Time V2.0 for: ®

®

• Java Standard Edition V6
™

Java Java Standard Edition, Version6
Archive
• Metronome RTGC (JAR)
RTSJ
– Tunable garbage collector Support

• Compilation strategies for RT Bind Compile J9 VM Real-time
garbage
Real-time
JIT
collector
– Ahead of Time (AOT)
– Just in Time (JIT) Real-time Linux
Class
Cache
• Real time specification Select IBM System x Hardware

for Java (JSR 1.0.2)
Real-time feature Standard J9 component
– Memory management
– Thread management
• SLERT on Select Hardware
– Enhanced for real
time workloads

Garbage Collection – Metronome

• Unique technology from IBM T.J. Watson Research
– Garbage collection is scheduled as just another periodic
real time task

• Enables the use of off-the-shelf Java code
– No need for specialized memory allocation schemes
– Existing Java applications can experience latencies of up
to 1 ms without changes

Traditional

Real Time
Sliding Window
Application 10 ms

Garbage Collector
Time


Compilation Strategies

• Compilation in Java
is dynamic
Compile AOT Bound
– Code may be Jar Files Jar files
java code Compile
interpreted or compiled
selectively through JIT
– JIT can run at Sample run JIT
unpredictable times and with JIT compile log
have unpredictable
(although almost always
positive) effect Realtime
Other execution
on performance Jar files

• For real time there are choices

Ahead-of-time (AOT) User-controlled JIT JIT-at-low-priority


Command Line Examples

• Metronome
– java -Xrealtime -Xgc:targetUtilization=80 yourApplication.class

• Ahead-of-Time
– javac -Xrealtime yourApplication.java

– jar -c yourApplication.jar yourApplication.class

– jxeinajar -Xrealtime yourApplication.jar -outPath aot

– java -Xrealtime -Xnojit -searchPath aot yourApplication.jar


Memory Management

• Partitions memory into non-garbage collected
areas that allow special threads to run at priorities
higher than that of the garbage collector
– Immortal memory
> Areas allow allocated
objects to be
accessible to all
threads and never
Legal RTSJ Pointer
be collected Scope 1 Legal, NHRT Inaccessible
– Scoped memory Illegal RTSJ Pointer

> Areas can be created
Stack
and destroyed under
programmer control
with a specified Heap Immortal
Memory
maximum size (includes globals)

intended for allocation

Thread Management

• Predictable scheduler allows threads to execute
based on their strict priorities
– Real time threads 10s Real Time thread with Heap
> May use the heap for 1s using IBM Metronome real-time
memory allocations and 100ms
garbage collector
are thus subject to garbage
10ms
collection interrupts
– No-heap real time threads 1ms
NHRT thread
100μs With scopes
> Are not allowed to use the
heap and so are uninterrupted 10μs
by garbage collection cycles
> Lowest latencies can be
achieved by combining with
scoped memory areas


RTSJ Examples
for (int i = 0; i != NUMBER_OF_POOL_THREADS_PER_PRODUCTION_LINE; i++) {

MyRunnable r = new MyRunnable();

NoHeapRealtimeThread t = new NoHeapRealtimeThread(new PriorityParameters(30), null, null,

ImmortalMemory.instance().newInstance(MyObject.class), null, r);

t.start();

}

final IndirectRef<MemoryArea> myMemRef = new IndirectRef<MemoryArea>();

/* The LTMemory object has to be created in a memory area that the

* NHRTs can access. */

ImmortalMemory.instance().enter(new Runnable() {

public void run() {

myMemRef.ref = new LTMemory(10000000);

}

});

final MemoryArea simMemArea = myMemRef.ref;

simMemArea.enter(new Runnable() {

public void run() {

…

}

}


IBM WebSphere Real Time V2.0 for ®

SUSE Linux Enterprise Server
®

• Java Standard Edition V6
™
Java Standard Edition, Version6

• Metronome RTGC
– Tunable garbage collector
J9 VM Real-time
Real-time
garbage
JIT
collector
• Compilation Strategies for RT
Standard Linux
– Ahead of Time (AOT)
– Just in Time (JIT) Select IBM System x Hardware

Real-time feature

• SUSE Linux Enterprise Server
®
Standard J9 component

• Compatible x86 Hardware


Combining WebSphere, Linux, and
Java for Differentiated QoS
• WebSphere Virtual Enterprise
WebSphere Virtual Enterprise
with WebSphere Real Time
– Java Standard Edition V6 On Demand Router

– Metronome RTGC WebSphere App Srv WebSphere App Srv
J9 VM J9 VM
– Compilation strategies for RT Real-time
garbage
Real-time
garbage
collector collector

– On-demand router (ODR)
Standard Linux
for priority routing
Select IBM System x Hardware

• SUSE Linux ® Real-time feature

Enterprise Server Standard J9 component

• Compatible x86 Hardware


Deciding Between Real Time Offerings

200μs 1ms 2ms 3ms

• Hard Real Time • Soft Real Time
– If your goal is to achieve extreme – If your goal is to improve
predictability all the time predictability most of the time
– Latency* (worst case): – Latency*:
> ≤ 1 ms using RT Java Threads > ≤ 3 ms 99.999% of the times
> ≤ 200 μs using NHRTs
(equivalent to C/C++ latencies)
*Latencies may vary depending upon system configuration and workload.


Other IBM Software for Soft Real Time

WebSphere MQ Low-Latency Messaging: A messaging transport that
is highly optimized for the very high-volume, low-latency requirements of
financial services firms. Applications include the high-speed delivery of
market data, trade data, reference data and event data in or between
front-, middle- and back-office operations. Characteristic applications
require extremely low (sub-millisecond) latency and high message
volumes (up to millions of messages per second).

SolidDB: Relational in-memory database software that delivers extreme
speed, performing up to ten times faster than conventional databases. It
uses the familiar SQL language to allow applications to achieve
throughput of tens of thousands of transactions per second with
response times measured in microseconds, while also providing
applications with extreme data availability (along with sub-second
failover to another instance of solidDB).


IBM System x Hardware Certified for:
®

• System Management Interrupts (SMIs) are used to
perform a variety of tasks at the CPU level
– Report fatal and non-fatal hardware errors
– Perform power management (thermal throttling, power capping)
– SMIs introduce latencies that are hard to detect

• HS22, x3650 M2, x3550 M2, HS21 XM, LS22, LS21
– Optimized to support real-time workloads through
SMI remediation
> Moves non-fatal event handling to the OS
> BIOS handles only fatal events
> New OS service manages entering/exiting the SMI-free state


®

®

What it Is

An extension to SUSE Linux
Enterprise Server that converts
the general purpose operating
system into a real time
operating system

A product specifically
engineered to reduce the
latency, increase the
predictability and reliability of
your time sensitive mission
critical applications, and
lower costs


®

How It Works

Shielding Preemption
Before
Kernel

Process A
Pre-empted
Process A
After Continues

Infiniband High Resolution Timers

InfiniBand
2 Micro
Seconds
Ethernet

Time


Customers and Partners


Thomson Reuters
• Thomson Datafeeds – a hosted service that provides real
Workloads time data from major global exchanges, and trading venue,
options, international F/X, and consolidated order books

• Robust, scalable real time platform to power a high throughput,
Business low latency, hosted market data feed service
Issues • Real time OS that can easily be integrated with the other “best
of breed” components of their market data feed platform

• SUSE Linux Enterprise Real Time
®

Novell ®

Solution

• Successful launch and delivery of Thomson Datafeeds service
Results • Scalable infrastructure that can easily grow as demand grows
• Superior experience through one stop support for its software
infrastructure


ThyssenKrupp Electrical Steel
• Shop floor planning, control, monitoring, analysis and
Workloads automation systems used in the production of high-grade grain-
oriented electrical steel

• Robust real time platform to optimize time-critical manufacturing
Business process control systems, help maximize production yields, and
Issues meet ISO9001 certification standards
• Affordable solution using industry standard COTS components

®

Novell ®

Solution

• Affordable, flexible solution that accurately measures 200+
distinct values for each meter of steel produced and is
Results integrated with their quality management system
• Reliable 24x7 system that delivers guaranteed sub 30 millisecond
response times to ensure high quality production

UMB Financial Corporation
• Identity verification and authentication system for UMB's
Workloads online customers

• Ensure online banking customers have fast, predictable, and
Business secure access to their confidential financial information
Issues • Ensure SLA's are affordably met, even under unpredictable and
variable system loads

®

Novell ®
• Novell Identity Manager, Novell eDirectory , iChain , Audit,
®
™
®

Solution and Novell Access Manager ™

• Increased performance 10% under light loads, and over
150% under heavy system loads
Results
• Reduced number of servers needed to meet SLA's from
20 to 6 – a 70% reduction.


Summary

IBM WebSphere with SUSE Linux Enterprise Real Time
®

Extension helps:
Reduce latency
Increase predictability
Increase reliability
... of time sensitive mission critical applications, helping
firms to:
Respond rapidly
Increase availability
Lower costs


Next Steps

• Learn more
– http://www.novell.com/realtime
– http://www.ibm.com/linux/realtime.html

• Download eval
– http://www.novell.com/products/realtime/eval.html
– http://www.ibm.com/software/webservers/realtime/

• Contact us
– Kerry Kim, kkim@novell.com
– Benjamin Vera-Tudela, bveratudela@us.ibm.com


© Copyright IBM Corporation 2010

IBM Corporation
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U.S.A.

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06-08
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