2. "Don't go around saying the world owes
you a living. The world owes you
nothing. It was here first." - Mark Twain
3. The Anthropecene
• The new age in which human actions are a
powerful its shaping the biosphere—
• It has generated many of the global
environmental challenges
• Confronting future well-being of the human
population on Earth.
4. Biosphere
• The Sphere of life
• It is the global ecological system integrating all
living beings and their relationships
5. Population Growth
• It took humanity close to 200,000 years to
reach a population of 1 billion in the early
1800s, now that population is beyond 7
billion.
• Industrial Revolution discovery of fossil fuels,
a major source of additional energy, which
allowed humanity to take off into a truly
globalized world.
6. Holocene Stage
They describe an envelope for a safe operating
Space for humanity, it would be helpful if the
planet remained in a Holocene-like state.
7. Nine planetary boundaries
Critical biophysical processes in the Earth’s system have been
identified
1. Climate change
2. Stratospheric ozone
3. Ocean acidification
4. Nitrogen and phosphorus cycles
5. Biodiversity loss (SHIFTING BASELINES)
6. Land use change
7. Freshwater use
8. Atmospheric aerosol Loading : to be determined
9. Chemical Pollution : to be determined
10. Time to reconnect to the Biosphere
• People and societies are integral components
of the biosphere, depending on the
functioning and services of life supporting
ecosystems.
• Social-ecological systems are dynamic and
connected.
11. Survival of the ‘Unite’
Humans have changed the way the world works,
and now we must change the way we think
about it.
The new Anthropocene era has to remain in a
state as favourable Holocene in order for
humans to survive on this planet.
