In this class we explore social capital as the umbrella term we use to value a complex set of inner quadrant qualities such as creativity, innovation, social skills, connectivity, emotional intelligence, knowledge, wisdom, cultural awareness, etc., all of which have a critical part to play in re-designing any technology & therefore society as a whole. "Sustainable Development" has been criticized as a term for being inherently contradictory, but when all quadrants are taken into account, we can see that a major growth in the interior quadrants (personal development & culture) will probably be key in achieving any significant reduction in physical consumption or material growth, so 'sustainable development' is far from contradictory as a term. So how do we design for increasing and improving social capital?

1. + PDC
Module 4 of the PDC+++
+ +
Energy & EcoTechnology
We dedicate this Module to the Mother &
Class Father of Integral Permaculture: Dana
Meadows & Howard Odum, two original
M4.8 pioneers who helped humanity make
Social great strides in understanding systemic
thinking, in all four quadrants.
Capital
In this class we explore social capital as the umbrella term we use to value a
complex set of inner quadrant qualities
such as creativity, innovation, social skills, connectivity, emotional
intelligence, knowledge, wisdom, cultural awareness, etc.,
all of which have a critical part to play in re-designing any technology &
therefore society as a whole.
"Sustainable Development" has been criticized as a term for being inherently
contradictory, but when all quadrants are taken into account,
we can see that a major growth in the interior quadrants (personal
development & culture) will probably be key in achieving any significant
reduction in physical consumption or material growth,
so 'sustainable development' is far from contradictory as a term.
So how do we design for increasing and improving social capital?

2. M4.8 * How can we design to
Increase and Improve Social Capital?
Definitions
Integrated in Whole Design
Direct link to this
Creativity chapter in the e-book:
www.bit.ly/
Innovation Design4
SocialCapital

3. M4.8 * How can we design to
Increase and Improve Social Capital?
Definitions
Integrated in Whole Design
Direct link to this
Creativity chapter in the e-book:
www.bit.ly/
Innovation Design4
SocialCapital

4. Human Capital
abilities, knowledge, experience,
Social Capital production skills…
patterns & intensity of networks of people
+ value which emerges from these networks
citizienship, community feeling,
confidence, values, rules, shared institutions,
commitment and community organization,
volunteering and civic engagement, social networks
Natural Capital
biosphere resources –
ecosystems‟ service capacity Global
Success

5. Social Capital
CAPACITY
POWER
ABILITY
to improve
society
Collective Intelligence

6. Social Capital
Social cohesion and
ability of a community or a
society to collaborate and
cooperate
(through network-like
systems, shared
confidence, rules and values)
to achieve mutual benefits
Collective Intelligence

7. Social Capital
Value of social networks
that people can use to
solve common problems.
Social capital benefits
come from
confidence, reciprocity, in
formation and
cooperation linked to
social networks
Collective Intelligence

8. Social Capital
People‟s attitude, spirit &
desire to engage in
collective civic activities.
With time, social capital
builds what can be called
social infrastructure.
Collective Intelligence

9. Social Capital
Capacities and
infrastructure
that promote
social progress
Collective Intelligence

10. In Spanish, Social Capital = Shareholders‟ Equity
Social capital is a resource ...
that represents a debt of a society
towards the members
In informal speech, the term sourced by the contributions they
“capital” means an amount of
money, riches, inherited made for the development of
wealth, or amount that is economic activities ...
invested or contributed
contemplated in the social aim.

11. Remember Stocks
from M2.5 – Resources class
Stock – a place where energy is stored:
e.g. resources like forest biomass, soil, organic matter, carbon
… and also human and social capital (both types)
Non-Renewable Stocks Renewable Stocks
eg. chemicals, minerals eg. biological
(oil, coal, copper, etc.). (forests, fish, water, etc.).
4) REDUCED by use 1) INCREASE by modest use
5) POLLUTE if used
2) UNAFFECTED by use
Use 4 and 5 only 3) DISAPPEAR / DEGRADE if not used
to create
infrastructure

12. fulfills
GOOD DESIGN
REAL
human needs
- biological
makes a
- emotional very good
use of
- spiritual
RESOURCES
- materials
takes into
- technology
account global
& long-term - energy
COSTS
- conservation
- environment
- economy

13. M4.8 * How can we design to
Increase and Improve Social Capital?
Definitions
Integrated in Whole Design
Direct link to this
Creativity chapter in the e-book:
www.bit.ly/
Innovation Design4
SocialCapital

14. Design Motivation
• We visited this topic in MANY ways
throughout all this course
• Starting in Module 1, People Care
• and from the beginning of ALL
designs: Design Motivation …

15. • Social Need

16. Human Needs
9 categories identified by Manfred Max-Neef
(Human Scale Development)
The 7 Fs of
People's
Needs
Food
Fuel
Fibre
Fodder
Participation Fertilizer
Creativity Farmacy
Leisure & Fun
Freedom
Affection
Protection
Subsistence
Understanding
Identity

17. fulfills GOOD DESIGN
REAL Ignoring REAL human needs
produces DAMAGE
human needs that afterwards need
lots of ENERGY to be repaired
we also saw that …
- biological Accommodating FALSE needs
is a TOTAL waste of energy
food, shelter,
warmth,
contact,
defecating,
discharging,
- spiritual
playing,
working, - emotional harmony,
resting, belonging, knowledge,
silence, contacting, connection,
CONTINUITY (COMMUNITY), purpose, EMPOWER
learning, MENT,
exploring, creation,
inventing, beauty,
discharging, nature,
resting, freedom
working,
CREATING,
cultural feeling

18. A sustainable system produces all the energy and resources that
it needs for its maintenance and growth.
physical What remains is the “harvest”
Legal / social
administrative
Input energy < Maintenance energy + HARVEST
biological
cultural
spatial “HARVEST”
of a system is
theorically unlimited
- IMAGINATION -
temporal Considers „upstream costs‟
(input enegy) &
„downstream costs‟ (e.g. health)
Cicles
technical Niches in
time
“catching the flow”
ENERGY
ACCOUNTING
conservation (Sustainability)

19. Montfort Boys own food &
resources with
Town, Fiji pisciculture
1996 – ZERI & Prof. George Chan
FISH
+
Brewery
Waste
= 5 new
businesses

20. Using
1997 Local
Resources
< with
rice
YIELD Brewery MUSH straw
& saw
waste ROOMS dust
mushrooms
substrate >
Building
mushroom
Fertile
FISH Connections
enzymes
pig food
Appropiate
Technology
PIGS
Mini
-Max
BIO- waste
DIGESTOR

21. 1997
< with
Brewery MUSH rice
YIELD straw
waste ROOMS & saw
mushrooms dust
substrate >
mushroom
FISH
PESCADO enzymes
GAS pig food
PIGS
ALGAE BIO- waste
DIGESTOR
shallow pools

22. 1997 SOCIAL Good Design
CAPITAL
physical
YIELD Brewery MUSH < with
waste rice
mushrooms
ROOMS straw
substrate > & saw
dust
appropiate social
biological
technology
appropiate
cultural
technology
FISH + border mushroom
polyculture +
FISH enzymes
hydrophonics
GAS pig food
technical
appropiate Legal /
appropiate
conservation
technology admini- PIGS
technology
strativa
spatial
ALGAE BIO- waste
DIGESTOR
shallow pools

23. Sustainability on a small scale, as on a big scale, means
that a system creates or stores more energy during its lifetime
than it needs for it to be created and maintained
resources consumption pollution
Energy
Cycling

24. Also works with Invisible Resources
cultural Limiting
Population &
resources Consumption
appropiate prosuming
tecniques
technology
pollution
other
resources
social

25. Harvesting only sunlight
Sustainability on a small scale ....
other
as on a big scale ... means
resources
that a system creates or stores more energy during its lifetime
than it needs for it to be created and maintained
resources
appropiate
technology
appropiate
technology prosuming
other
polució
resources
n
other
resources “catching the flow”

26. M4.8 * How can we design to
Increase and Improve Social Capital?
Definitions
Integrated in Whole Design
Direct link to this
Creativity chapter in the e-book:
www.bit.ly/
Innovation Design4
SocialCapital

27. it‟s… seeing something NEW when you look at something OLD
is at the Heart of
CREATIVITY
CIVILIZATION
and
THE DRIVING FORCE of rEVOLUTION
is

28. “Creativity is
inventing experimenting, growing,
taking risks, breaking rules,
making errors, & having fun"
- Mary Lou Cook -
Creativity is Intelligence
having Fun
Albert Einstein

29. Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi
“If I had to summarize what distinguishes creative people I‟d use word complexity.
Instead of a single individual they’re a multitude.
Like the colour white includes all the colours, creative people usually contain the
whole range of human possibilities inside themselves.”
Convergent thought (rational, judgemental) & Divergent thought (intuitive, visionary) at the same time
Creativity allows for
paradox,
light & shadow,
inconsistency,
even chaos
and creative people
experience all extremes
with the same intensity.”

30. vertical door
cold air heavier 1 kWh / day is wasted
cultural insulation
Imagination
consume less power/volume,
even though they maintain much colder temperatures
thermostat outside
(cuts off power when
technical required temperature is reached)
to measure used energy
0.1 kWh / day
90 seconds / hour (silent)
social

31. Super-Summary:
Collective Intelligence
= getting rid of ego issues
Imagination ...
.. is changing the viewpoint
When everybody
thinks the same,
it’s because
nobody is thinking

44. M4.8 * How can we design to
Increase and Improve Social Capital?
Definitions
Integrated in Whole Design
Direct link to this
Creativity chapter in the e-book:
www.bit.ly/
Innovation Design4
SocialCapital

45. What‟s the difference between…
CREATIVITY & INNOVATION
Skill to generate Capacity to apply
new ideas creativity to
generate value
changes Perception changes Reality
CREATIVITY INNOVATION
requires thought requires action
John Kao

46. This is a whole
computer, with
its peripherals
How?!

47. Assembled, it looks like this…

48. One piece is the screen
& the other the keyboard

49. Just put your
fingers in the
image and type.
Easy, isn’t it?!...
There are
different models.

50. There’s also a
model for PALMs.

51. IF a technology can expand enough… then it’s
creativity that has turned into innovation.

52. M4.8 * How can we design to
Increase and Improve Social Capital?
Definitions
Integrated in Whole Design
Direct link to this
Creativity chapter in the e-book:
www.bit.ly/
Innovation Design4
SocialCapital

53. Social Capital
CAPACITY
POWER
ABILITY
to improve
society
What increases & What
decreases our Capacity,
Power & Ability?

54. sustainable
development
•3. El salto social, chapter 7
•Theaim of the environmental policy of the salto social is to gradually
advance toward sustainable human development,
•understood as the amplification of the capacities of the
through the development of
population,
social capital, to satisfy the needs of present generations
through prudent management of natural resources,
•whilst maintaining options open for the well-being of future generations.

55. what CREATES Social
Capital?
& how do we develop technologies
to increase it?
Sustainable Development is that which can ...
Satisfy the needs of present generations without
jeopardizing the possibilities of future ones to attend to
their own needs.
Brudtland Report 20 March 1987
We need an Exponential Growth
of Intelligence, Wisdom, Creativity, Innovation ...
& Social Capital (how all this inter-connects to INNOVATE)

56. The variable which is considered the most important when it
comes to quantifying social capital ... is social confidence.
Many studies demonstrate that a high level of social confidence reduces the costs of any type of transaction & facilitates
the flow of information.
Societies with a PEOPLE'S CONFIDENCE
higher level of
confidence have
an additional
potential for
achieving
%
economic
growth, although
confidence on
its own is not
enough.
Capital social: las relaciones sociales afectan al desarrollo
(Marta Portela Maseda e Isabel Neira Gómez)
The question that is put in order to analyze the level of social confidence is: “Generally
speaking, do you believe that the majority of people can be trusted or does one have to
be careful in dealing with people?”

57. The variable which is considered the most important when it
comes to quantifying social capital ... is social confidence.
Many studies demonstrate that a high level of social confidence reduces the costs of any type of transaction & facilitates
the flow of information.
social confidence
Conclusion: social
networks should be
encouraged, because
through them an increase
in general confidence can
be achieved, which affects
the development of the
nation.
Capital social: las relaciones sociales afectan al desarrollo
(Marta Portela Maseda e Isabel Neira Gómez)

58. Confidence relates
also to maturity Natural Successions

59. How to organize actions in a world of
distributed networks?
 Renouncing control. Movements grow through spontaneous
joining, planning what who is going to do when doesn't make any sense.
 All relevant & authentically distributed movements of the last decades
have displayed two necessary phases:
Deliberation: localized in forums & blogs, necessarily of a
«minority», forming a new consensus, which, translated into
slogans, will convert to mobilization. (Social Laboratory of new dialogues)
 Successful activism has much of the self-fulfilling prophecy.
When a certain level is reached of people who not only wants to
but believes they can change things, change becomes inevitable.
 No strict hierarchies of values are imposed nor a credo, instead
qualities, channels, of a certain way of seeing the world are
proposed, of a certain life style which will be the real binding
agent of the network.
Centralized Network

60.  There is a strong identifying character which
is the robustness of the network.
 The idea is to develop tools & put them at the disposal of
the public
 The visibility of the heterogeneous (& the possibility to
dissent with those who exert power without being left out of
the system but in fact being recognized as a necessary part
of it), the rupture of passivity is the culmination of the whole
empowerment strategy.
Mobilization: articulated over the outreach tools (YouTube
but also Facebook including, to a lesser degree, Twitter) & of direct
communication one on one as with SMS or digital files with
posters or stickers that anyone can reproduce & distribute.
Distributed Network

61. M4.8 * How can we design to
Increase and Improve Social Capital?
Definitions
Integrated in All Design
Direct link to this
• Creativity chapter in the e-book:
www.bit.ly/
• Innovation Design4
SocialCapital