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Bruce Crocco CBBD 2013
1. The world’s libraries. Connected.
Managing Integration of Library
Collections with Today’s Web
XXV CBBD Conference
July 8, 2013
Bruce Crocco
Vice President, Library Services for the Americas
OCLC
4. The world’s libraries. Connected.
National/
Global
System
Electronic
Vendor
A complex environment
Print
Vendors
Library
ILS
Circulation
Cataloging
Self-
Service
Acquisitions
Consortial
SystemResolver
ERM
Meta-
search
A to Z
List
Users OPAC
6. The world’s libraries. Connected.
How college students use information sources
Perceptions 2010, p 54
Search engine
2005: 92%
2010: 83%
Wikipedia
2005: NA
2010: 7%
Library Web site
2005: less than 1%
2010: 0%
Library Web site use
2010: 57% 2005: 61%
Perceptions of Libraries, 2010
Context and Community
7. The world’s libraries. Connected.
Libraries vs. search engines
Perceptions 2010, p 55
Perceptions of Libraries, 2010
Context and Community
More trustworthy 76% 24%
More accurate 69% 31%
Faster 8% 92%
More convenient 13% 87%
Easier-to-use 16% 84%
More reliable 36% 64%
Libraries:
more trustworthy
Search engines:
faster
10. The world’s libraries. Connected.
National/
Global
System
Electronic
Vendor
Bringing the User and Library Environments Together
Print
Vendors
Library
ILS
Circulation
Cataloging
Self-
Service
Acquisitions
Consortial
SystemResolver
ERM
Meta-
search
A to Z
List
YouTube
Good
Reads
Users
Facebook
Wikipedia
Amazon
WebMD
BBC
News
HathiTrust
iTunes
Scholar
portals
EasyBib
Google
Scholar
ESPN
OPAC
JSTOR
university.edu
Google
11. The world’s libraries. Connected.
The ―problem‖ with access to library
collections isn’t that the user isn’t
using the library catalog.
The problem is that access to library
collections is imperfect because we
are not exposing our collections to
today’s web as well as we should.
12. The world’s libraries. Connected.
DataCuratorToolAudience
Time
Era
Scribe Card OPAC Web
Web of
Data
13. The world’s libraries. Connected.
Scribe
Card
Catalog
OPAC Web
Web of
Data
Impact
ratio of
data curators to
audience
1 to several
several
to hundreds
dozens
to thousands
hundreds to
tens-of
thousands
tens-of
thousands
to
millions
14. The world’s libraries. Connected.
Scribe
Card
Catalog
OPAC Web
Web of
Data
Impact
ratio of
data curators to
audience
benefits
personal
literacy
societal
education
community
access
efficiency
cooperation
economy
ubiquity
creativity
social
discovery
research
relationship
serendipity
35. The world’s libraries. Connected.
Metadata Management in the Future
Algorithmic Data
Loading & Mining
Cataloging
Title:
Subject:
36. The world’s libraries. Connected.
Managing Entities for Linked Data
• Manage all of the data—not just books and journals
• Today focus on books and journals
• Users care about parts of books, articles, collections
• Change cataloging to manage entities:
• Works
• Persons (via authority files)
• Manifestations
• Concepts
• Places
43. The world’s libraries. Connected.
OCLC Open Linked Data – VIAF International Authority File
44. The world’s libraries. Connected.
Aggregation
Institution
Location
Hours
Collections
Print
Electronic/Licensed
Digital
Services
OPAC
Resource sharing
Remote access
Concepts
Dewey
FAST
Events
CBBD
People
WorldCat Identities
Wikipedia
Central
Data Hub
This is my daughter Liz a at HS graduation in 2006 Reunion this year - YouTube, Twitter, Facebook to chronicle the event Real time.. Interesting 7 years ago YouTube had just launched), Twitter didn’t exist and Facebook was something that only college students were using. As Ingrid said last night the environments our libraries work in are very different than they were 7 years ago, the technology and economic environments are very differentand the users are empowered in very new ways because of the way the web works today. Today I will .
Traditionally, libraries aggregated materials in one physical space, and this attracted users to the library. Nothing could be simpler: people go to where the information they need is more easily acceptable, and the library was, in many cases, not just the best, but the only choice.
This is the information environment libraries and users live in today. The library is using multiple systems to try and manage their collections and make them accessible to their user. In the meantime as research as shown repeatedly, users are looking for their information first out on the Web, not in the library.
For our web sites we have spent budget and our staff time building a similar experience in our web sites requiring users to come to our site to access the resources you manage for them
One of the areas I run is our Market Research department. We have done a large number of reports for the library community. One recent one is the Perceptions of Libraries. Not surprising the study revealed users start research with search engines a large majority of the timeOther resources like Wikipedia are becoming starting places as well. Library websites are decreasing as a starting place
The study also showed that when comparing libraries to search engines, overwhelmingly, college students consider search engines to be more convenient, faster, more reliable and easier-to-use. Users consider libraries to be more trustworthy and more accurate.
In her paper Visitors and Residents, OCLC research scientist Lynn Connaway found an overarching driver for today’s information seeker – CONVENIENCE. Initial results highlight the importance of convenience as a crucial factor in information-seeking behavior
If users are seeking information in a variety of sources, and are using many new tools to do research, enjoy media and share their own content… What this means is that there are many organizations, many different types of businesses, each of whom have different resources and needs.Libraries must manage our collections to work for this user environment. CLICK
We have to bridge the systems we have built with the way users research, interact and live today.This is the information environment libraries and users work in today. The library is using multiple systems to try and manage their collections and make them accessible to their user. In the meantime as research as shown repeatedly, users are looking for their information first out on the Web, not in the library.
We move from personal relationships to Cooperation that creates efficiencies in managing our ability to reach users more easilyIn today’s web of data environment we have the ability to have 10s of thousands of libraries share with millions of users in an interactive way
Today I will share a few ways OCLC has looked at the challenges of libraries face in these environments1 ) Describe/Register: Finally, we must change the way we describe and link our data to extract what is most interesting to consumers.2) Aggregate: Gather library collections together at the network level so the grouping becomes more attractive to the web.3) Syndicate: Make that data available to the web in multiple areas to reach users in their favorite web locations
Knowledge Cards are literally popping up more on more on the landscape, due in part to the emergence of linked data initiatives. The observation here is that discovery is getting more sophisticated and so too are end user expectations. Knowledge cards point to how end users are becoming more accustomed to finding informationAnd we want libraries to be there also.
Today we have managed our catalogs, Local, Regional, Global as separate activities through copying and sharing. In a linked data world we describe (or catalog) and then link to entities such as title, subject, name, placeThis allows the data to be used to create new web objects like Knowledge Cards from multiple resources Including library information is crucial to our future.
The key is building and using open linked data in our library collections . This is a area that OCLC has been working on for the last few years
Linked data is about identifying and linking together things in a standard way that can be reused globally.
We use URIs or Uniform Resource Identifier that points to a web resource about a spacecraftThis picture has an identifier as part of a web location to find it on the web
The spacecraft also has other descriptive information that are managed as entities as well
Shown graphically
The Resource Description Framework (RDF) is a general-purpose language for representing information in the Web. And
One of the best examples of using Linked Data is the BBC web site. Their Nature theme show linked data in use
Habitats
Other animals that live in the habitatsAmazon Manatee
Behaviors
Social Animal
Brings us back to the Malard Duck
Behind it all is Linked Data that can be used by any library, organization or person to enhance their work and web experience.
The traditional approach to managing our data focuses on the whole record—flat and doesn’t fit in with how the web works.We believe we need to use linked data to strengthen to global use of our collections to help our local users but represent our collections globally
WorldCat is a our database of Over 302M member library contributed recordsOver 2B library holdingsAlmost 1B article recordWe have release 250 M records as ODC-BY open linked data trafficWe have a public site worldcat.org for anyone in the world can search the database This is an example search
What we have done is added a linked data section which shows are entity definitions and
We have worked Schema.org from the beginning and use their definitions.There are other linked data standards for library materials which we are involved with but we used Schema.org to help make the data available in non-library related sites.
OCLC has released for experimental purposes portions of Dewey Decimal Classification System.
VIAF Represents 20 agencies in 16 countries
Aggregation of data provides leverage for organizations to negotiate
Partnerships improve access to library collections via WorldCat.org This slide shows how much traffic comes to WC.org from signed partners Google Books is our largest signed partner, with over 12 million referrals last year Google itself – 50 million – started as a signed partnershipRest of the signed partners 9.6 million referrals. 30 such partners, including: EasyBib, GoodReads, BibMe, Lexile, Citavi and others.
We discussed knowledge cards beforeCLICK
By libraries Describing their collections with linked dataAggregating the data into one or a just a few hubsAnd working together to use the power of the aggregation to enable collections to be syndicated to where our users areCLICKWe can achieve our goal of having the library collections show up as a knowledge card.