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ISAAA




Global Status of Commercialized
   Biotech/GM Crops, 2011
                      by
             Margaret Karembu
         Director, ISAAA Africenter
           m.karembu@cgiar.org

             23rd February 2012
                OFAB-KENYA
Overview of Presentation             ISAAA




•   COMMERCIALIZATION 1996 to 2011
•   GROWING IMPORTANCE OF DEVELOPING
    COUNTRIES – Brazil
•   IMPACT OF BIOTECH CROPS (1996 to 2010)
•   FUTURE PROSPECTS – 2012-2015 (MDG)
ISAAA – www.isaaa.org                                                               ISAAA


A Not-for-Profit Charity, co-sponsored by public and private sector organizations

ISAAA is a Pro-Choice Organization
• Share knowledge freely on crop biotechnology
whilst respecting the rights of others to make their
own decisions; ensure that the global society is well
informed about the attributes and potentials of the
new crop biotech applications

• MISSION – Contribute to poverty alleviation by
increasing crop productivity and income generation,
particularly for small resource-poor farmers and to
ensure a safer and more sustainable environment
THE Challenge – DOUBLE Crop Production by
                                                                          ISAAA
2050 on LESS resources – water, N2, etc
•   NO SINGLE APPROACH can feed >9 billion in 2050 & >10 B in 2100
•   Conventional crop improvement ALONE will not double crop production
    by 2050 – GM/BIOTECH CROPS NOT A PANACEA but essential
•   Successful strategy must have MULTIPLE APPROACHES that address
    all the principal issues that include:

        • Population stabilization – Africa 3.6 B in 2100 out of 10.1 B
        • Improved food distribution systems, and less wastage
        • A Technology Component is ESSENTIAL – A crop
          improvement STRATEGY THAT INTEGRATES the BEST of the
          OLD (CONVENTIONAL) and the BEST of the NEW (BIOTECH)
          to optimize productivity and CONTRIBUTE to food, feed and
          fiber security and address climate change
ISAAA




COMMERCIALIZATION
       OF
  BIOTECH CROPS
    1996 to 2011
ISAAA
Global Area (Million Hectares) of Biotech Crops,
2011: by Country                                                                                               ISAAA



                                                                      Biotech Mega Countries
                                                                   50,000 hectares (125,000 acres), or more

                                                                                            Million Hectares

                                                                      1. USA                      69.0
                                                                      2. Brazil*                  30.3
                                                                      3. Argentina*               23.7
                                                                      4. India*                   10.6
                                                                      5. Canada                   10.4
                                                                      6. China*                    3.9
                                                                      7. Paraguay*                 2.8
                                                                      8. Pakistan*                 2.6
                                                                      9. South Africa*             2.3
                                                                      10. Uruguay*                 1.3
                                                                      11. Bolivia*                 0.9
                                                                      12. Australia                0.7
                                                                      13. Philippines*             0.6
                                                                      14. Myanmar*                 0.3
                                                                      15. Burkina Faso*            0.3
                             29 countries which have adopted          16. Mexico*                  0.1
 Increase over 2010                                                   17. Spain                    0.1
                             biotech crops

                             In 2011, global area of biotech             Less than 50,000 hectares
                             crops was 160 million hectares,
        8%                   representing an increase of 8%
                                                                   Colombia*
                                                                   Chile*
                                                                               Czech Republic
                                                                               Poland
                                                                                                   Romania
                                                                                                   Sweden
                             over 2010, equivalent to 12 million   Honduras*   Egypt*              Costa Rica*
                             hectares.                             Portugal    Slovakia            Germany
Source: Clive James, 2011.                                         * Developing countries
ISAAA




GROWING IMPORTANCE OF
DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
OVERVIEW OF DEVELOPING
       COUNTRIES versus INDUSTRIAL, 2011                          ISAAA




•     19 out of 29 biotech countries were Developing
•     For first time dev countries planted 50% of global area
•     Expected to exceed industrial country hectares in 2012
•     Brazil largest gain worldwide – 4.9 M Ha, 19% of global
•     Top 7 Developing countries planted >2 M Ha each
•     Growth rate twice as fast 8.2 M Ha (11%) vs 3.8 M Ha (5%)
•     ~16 M small biotech farmers, up ~1.3 M from 2010.
•     1996-2010 Econ gain $39.2 B; in 2010 $7.7 vs $6.3 in Industrial


    Source: Clive James, 2012
ISAAA



Brazil in Latin America

Land Area: 850 M Ha
Population: 195 Million
Arable land: 59 M Ha
Commercialized Biotech
  Crops: HT soybean, Bt
  cotton and Bt maize
Biotech Crops Hectarage:
  30 M Ha
BRAZIL – THE LEAD DEVELOPING
    COUNTRY                                                      ISAAA




•   Ranked #2 with 30.3 M Ha equivalent to 19% of global area of 160
    M Ha in 2011
•   Biotech Soy >20 M Ha (83% adoption), biotech maize >9 M Ha
    (65% adoption) and biotech cotton >0.5 M Ha (39% adoption)
•   Largest hectare gain worldwide for third consecutive year – 4.9 M
    Ha equivalent to 19% growth in 2011
•   Economic gain 2003-2010 – $4.6 B; $1.2 B in 2010 alone
•   EMBRAPA is Ag. R & D organization with cooperative programs
    in Africa – CTNBio is regulation agency
•   Former President Ignacio Lula da Silva awarded World Food Prize
    in 2011 for alleviating Poverty and Hunger

Source: Clive James, 2012
BRAZIL – THE SRATEGIC ELEMENTS                               ISAAA


INSTITUTIONAL STRENGTHS
•   EMBRAPA – Strong biotech program, well-resourced
•   CTNBio – Effective & timely deregulation – 14 products
    approved in 2010/2011
DIVERSIFIED SOURCE OF PRODUCTS 3 product streams
Private – Proprietary products deployed on 30 M Ha
Public/Private – Joint effort of EMBRAPA/BASF has already
  resulted in approved HT soybean
Public – EMBRAPA has already developed and approved home-
  grown virus resistant biotech bean
•   3 product streams, minimizes opportunity cost and maximizes
    impact
Source: Clive James, 2012
Africa Overview
Biotech Crops planting 2011   Biotech commercial
                                                           ISAAA




                               South Africa - Maize, cotton,
                              soybean

                              Egypt - Maize

                              Burkina Faso - Cotton

                              Biotech crops on trial
                              RSA - potatoes, sugarcane,
                              WEMA – RSA, Kenya, Uganda
                              Kenya – cotton, maize, SP, cassava
                              Egypt – cotton, potato, wheat,
                              cucumber, melon
                              Uganda - banana, cotton, cassava,
                              maize, rice
                              Nigeria - cowpea, cassava
Case Study – Biotech cotton in Burkina Faso
                                                          ISAAA




                    Pictures: SOFITEX cotton company, Dec 2011
Case Study – Biotech cotton in Burkina Faso
                                                              ISAAA
• Total cotton hectarage in Burkina(424,810 ha)

• In 2011, ~247,000 (58%) hectares Bt cotton planted, from
  260,000 hectares in 2010
  Slight decline of 5% (or 13,433ha)-

    Key reasons for decline :
•   Farmers dissatisfied with purchase price offered for their 2010
    cotton(245 CFA/Kg~0.5 USD for Bt or non Bt cotton)-Desired
    price:500CFA/Kg~1USD)
•   Farmers discouraged by rising costs of fertilizer
•   Poor agronomic practices
•   Erratic rains after planting

~ 76,000 farmers planted Bt cotton

• Adoption rate for Bt cotton: 58%
Biotech cotton in Burkina Faso
                                                              ISAAA




  Estimated economic benefit from Bt cotton - over US$100
million/yr based on yield increases of close to 30%, plus at least
50% reduction in insecticides sprays, from a total of 8 sprays to
                only 2 to 4 sprays for Bt cotton
ISAAA




IMPACT OF BIOTECH CROPS
GLOBAL IMPACT OF BIOTECH CROPS
Source: Brookes and Barfoot, 2012 Forthcoming; Clive James, 2012      ISAAA



•   IMPROVED PRODUCTIVITY AND INCOME – Farm income gains of
    $78 B from 1996 to 2010, of which 40% was due to cost reduction and
    60% due to a production gain of 276 M tons; benefits conservative due
    spill-over from biotech to conventional.
•   PROTECT BIODIVERSITY – 276 M tons would require additional 91 M
    Ha – biotech is a land saving technology. Strategy is to double crop
    production on same area of 1.5 B Ha of crop land – saves
    forests/biodiversity – 13 M Ha lost/year.
•   ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT – Reduce need for external inputs
         – Saving of 443 M kg pesticides from 1996/2010 – 9% saved
         – Saved 19 B kg C02 in 2010 - contribution to climate change
         – Conservation of soil & WATER thru biotech + no/low till
•   HUMANITARIAN BENEFITS
          – Contribution to poverty alleviation of ~15 M small resource-poor
    farmers in 2011 & welfare benefits emerging
ISAAA




          THE FUTURE
                 2012 - 2015
THE REMAINING FOUR YEARS OF THE
        SECOND DECADE OF
       COMMERCIALIZATION
      2015, The Millennium Development Goal Year
THE FUTURE – 2012 - 2015
      NEW & IMPROVED BIOTECH CROPS                            ISAAA




•   Several new biotech crop options --- 3 examples
•   2012 – first stacked HT/IR soybean, particularly Brazil
•   2013 – first drought tolerant maize in US; in Africa ~2017
•   2013/14 – Golden Rice in the Philippines; US, omega 3 soy
•   Other candidates before 2015 include: several dual-action
    products for more effective & durable pest and weed
    management; and possibly biotech sugar cane in Indonesia
•   Biotech applications for “Speeding the breeding” – MAS and
    others, plus biotech crops, to provide a faster response to
    more severe and rapid changes in climate
ISAAA
Implementation of APPROPRIATE REGULATION is a
MUST to spur adoption of biotech crops in AFRICA                                         ISAAA
Source:Compiled by Clive James, 2012




                                 EGYPT                                      EGYPT




                                           UGANDA                                    UGANDA
     BURKINA
      FASO                                          MALI
                                                                                 KENYA
                                       KENYA
                                                    BURKINA                      TANZANIA
                                                     FASO
                                                                             MALAWI
                                                           TOGO

          NIGERIA
                                                              NIGERIA   SOUTH
                             SOUTH                                      AFRICA
                             AFRICA


       2011 (3 countries)                           2015 (up to 10 countries)
    South Africa, Burkina Faso                      South Africa, Burkina Faso,
            and Egypt                               Egypt, Kenya, Uganda, Mali,
                                                      Togo, Nigeria,, Ghana
         Ongoing Biotech Crop Field Testing
                                                       and possibly Malawi
Way forward for Africa            ISAAA




    Biotech crops are a product of
         INNOVATION
“the ability to manage change as an
    opportunity, not as a threat”

We therefore need to communicate
   with society objectively and
           consistently

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Isaaa 2012 launch ppt slides kenya launch - ofab

  • 1. ISAAA Global Status of Commercialized Biotech/GM Crops, 2011 by Margaret Karembu Director, ISAAA Africenter m.karembu@cgiar.org 23rd February 2012 OFAB-KENYA
  • 2. Overview of Presentation ISAAA • COMMERCIALIZATION 1996 to 2011 • GROWING IMPORTANCE OF DEVELOPING COUNTRIES – Brazil • IMPACT OF BIOTECH CROPS (1996 to 2010) • FUTURE PROSPECTS – 2012-2015 (MDG)
  • 3. ISAAA – www.isaaa.org ISAAA A Not-for-Profit Charity, co-sponsored by public and private sector organizations ISAAA is a Pro-Choice Organization • Share knowledge freely on crop biotechnology whilst respecting the rights of others to make their own decisions; ensure that the global society is well informed about the attributes and potentials of the new crop biotech applications • MISSION – Contribute to poverty alleviation by increasing crop productivity and income generation, particularly for small resource-poor farmers and to ensure a safer and more sustainable environment
  • 4. THE Challenge – DOUBLE Crop Production by ISAAA 2050 on LESS resources – water, N2, etc • NO SINGLE APPROACH can feed >9 billion in 2050 & >10 B in 2100 • Conventional crop improvement ALONE will not double crop production by 2050 – GM/BIOTECH CROPS NOT A PANACEA but essential • Successful strategy must have MULTIPLE APPROACHES that address all the principal issues that include: • Population stabilization – Africa 3.6 B in 2100 out of 10.1 B • Improved food distribution systems, and less wastage • A Technology Component is ESSENTIAL – A crop improvement STRATEGY THAT INTEGRATES the BEST of the OLD (CONVENTIONAL) and the BEST of the NEW (BIOTECH) to optimize productivity and CONTRIBUTE to food, feed and fiber security and address climate change
  • 5. ISAAA COMMERCIALIZATION OF BIOTECH CROPS 1996 to 2011
  • 7. Global Area (Million Hectares) of Biotech Crops, 2011: by Country ISAAA Biotech Mega Countries 50,000 hectares (125,000 acres), or more Million Hectares 1. USA 69.0 2. Brazil* 30.3 3. Argentina* 23.7 4. India* 10.6 5. Canada 10.4 6. China* 3.9 7. Paraguay* 2.8 8. Pakistan* 2.6 9. South Africa* 2.3 10. Uruguay* 1.3 11. Bolivia* 0.9 12. Australia 0.7 13. Philippines* 0.6 14. Myanmar* 0.3 15. Burkina Faso* 0.3 29 countries which have adopted 16. Mexico* 0.1 Increase over 2010 17. Spain 0.1 biotech crops In 2011, global area of biotech Less than 50,000 hectares crops was 160 million hectares, 8% representing an increase of 8% Colombia* Chile* Czech Republic Poland Romania Sweden over 2010, equivalent to 12 million Honduras* Egypt* Costa Rica* hectares. Portugal Slovakia Germany Source: Clive James, 2011. * Developing countries
  • 9. OVERVIEW OF DEVELOPING COUNTRIES versus INDUSTRIAL, 2011 ISAAA • 19 out of 29 biotech countries were Developing • For first time dev countries planted 50% of global area • Expected to exceed industrial country hectares in 2012 • Brazil largest gain worldwide – 4.9 M Ha, 19% of global • Top 7 Developing countries planted >2 M Ha each • Growth rate twice as fast 8.2 M Ha (11%) vs 3.8 M Ha (5%) • ~16 M small biotech farmers, up ~1.3 M from 2010. • 1996-2010 Econ gain $39.2 B; in 2010 $7.7 vs $6.3 in Industrial Source: Clive James, 2012
  • 10. ISAAA Brazil in Latin America Land Area: 850 M Ha Population: 195 Million Arable land: 59 M Ha Commercialized Biotech Crops: HT soybean, Bt cotton and Bt maize Biotech Crops Hectarage: 30 M Ha
  • 11. BRAZIL – THE LEAD DEVELOPING COUNTRY ISAAA • Ranked #2 with 30.3 M Ha equivalent to 19% of global area of 160 M Ha in 2011 • Biotech Soy >20 M Ha (83% adoption), biotech maize >9 M Ha (65% adoption) and biotech cotton >0.5 M Ha (39% adoption) • Largest hectare gain worldwide for third consecutive year – 4.9 M Ha equivalent to 19% growth in 2011 • Economic gain 2003-2010 – $4.6 B; $1.2 B in 2010 alone • EMBRAPA is Ag. R & D organization with cooperative programs in Africa – CTNBio is regulation agency • Former President Ignacio Lula da Silva awarded World Food Prize in 2011 for alleviating Poverty and Hunger Source: Clive James, 2012
  • 12. BRAZIL – THE SRATEGIC ELEMENTS ISAAA INSTITUTIONAL STRENGTHS • EMBRAPA – Strong biotech program, well-resourced • CTNBio – Effective & timely deregulation – 14 products approved in 2010/2011 DIVERSIFIED SOURCE OF PRODUCTS 3 product streams Private – Proprietary products deployed on 30 M Ha Public/Private – Joint effort of EMBRAPA/BASF has already resulted in approved HT soybean Public – EMBRAPA has already developed and approved home- grown virus resistant biotech bean • 3 product streams, minimizes opportunity cost and maximizes impact Source: Clive James, 2012
  • 13. Africa Overview Biotech Crops planting 2011 Biotech commercial ISAAA South Africa - Maize, cotton, soybean Egypt - Maize Burkina Faso - Cotton Biotech crops on trial RSA - potatoes, sugarcane, WEMA – RSA, Kenya, Uganda Kenya – cotton, maize, SP, cassava Egypt – cotton, potato, wheat, cucumber, melon Uganda - banana, cotton, cassava, maize, rice Nigeria - cowpea, cassava
  • 14. Case Study – Biotech cotton in Burkina Faso ISAAA Pictures: SOFITEX cotton company, Dec 2011
  • 15. Case Study – Biotech cotton in Burkina Faso ISAAA • Total cotton hectarage in Burkina(424,810 ha) • In 2011, ~247,000 (58%) hectares Bt cotton planted, from 260,000 hectares in 2010 Slight decline of 5% (or 13,433ha)- Key reasons for decline : • Farmers dissatisfied with purchase price offered for their 2010 cotton(245 CFA/Kg~0.5 USD for Bt or non Bt cotton)-Desired price:500CFA/Kg~1USD) • Farmers discouraged by rising costs of fertilizer • Poor agronomic practices • Erratic rains after planting ~ 76,000 farmers planted Bt cotton • Adoption rate for Bt cotton: 58%
  • 16. Biotech cotton in Burkina Faso ISAAA Estimated economic benefit from Bt cotton - over US$100 million/yr based on yield increases of close to 30%, plus at least 50% reduction in insecticides sprays, from a total of 8 sprays to only 2 to 4 sprays for Bt cotton
  • 18. GLOBAL IMPACT OF BIOTECH CROPS Source: Brookes and Barfoot, 2012 Forthcoming; Clive James, 2012 ISAAA • IMPROVED PRODUCTIVITY AND INCOME – Farm income gains of $78 B from 1996 to 2010, of which 40% was due to cost reduction and 60% due to a production gain of 276 M tons; benefits conservative due spill-over from biotech to conventional. • PROTECT BIODIVERSITY – 276 M tons would require additional 91 M Ha – biotech is a land saving technology. Strategy is to double crop production on same area of 1.5 B Ha of crop land – saves forests/biodiversity – 13 M Ha lost/year. • ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT – Reduce need for external inputs – Saving of 443 M kg pesticides from 1996/2010 – 9% saved – Saved 19 B kg C02 in 2010 - contribution to climate change – Conservation of soil & WATER thru biotech + no/low till • HUMANITARIAN BENEFITS – Contribution to poverty alleviation of ~15 M small resource-poor farmers in 2011 & welfare benefits emerging
  • 19. ISAAA THE FUTURE 2012 - 2015 THE REMAINING FOUR YEARS OF THE SECOND DECADE OF COMMERCIALIZATION 2015, The Millennium Development Goal Year
  • 20. THE FUTURE – 2012 - 2015 NEW & IMPROVED BIOTECH CROPS ISAAA • Several new biotech crop options --- 3 examples • 2012 – first stacked HT/IR soybean, particularly Brazil • 2013 – first drought tolerant maize in US; in Africa ~2017 • 2013/14 – Golden Rice in the Philippines; US, omega 3 soy • Other candidates before 2015 include: several dual-action products for more effective & durable pest and weed management; and possibly biotech sugar cane in Indonesia • Biotech applications for “Speeding the breeding” – MAS and others, plus biotech crops, to provide a faster response to more severe and rapid changes in climate
  • 21. ISAAA
  • 22. Implementation of APPROPRIATE REGULATION is a MUST to spur adoption of biotech crops in AFRICA ISAAA Source:Compiled by Clive James, 2012 EGYPT EGYPT UGANDA UGANDA BURKINA FASO MALI KENYA KENYA BURKINA TANZANIA FASO MALAWI TOGO NIGERIA NIGERIA SOUTH SOUTH AFRICA AFRICA 2011 (3 countries) 2015 (up to 10 countries) South Africa, Burkina Faso South Africa, Burkina Faso, and Egypt Egypt, Kenya, Uganda, Mali, Togo, Nigeria,, Ghana Ongoing Biotech Crop Field Testing and possibly Malawi
  • 23. Way forward for Africa ISAAA Biotech crops are a product of INNOVATION “the ability to manage change as an opportunity, not as a threat” We therefore need to communicate with society objectively and consistently