2. Gray Whales Adults 40-45 feet long; 40 tons Calves 15 feet long Spyhop Drawing by Morris Grover

3. Gray Whale Blows Blow released at 200mph Heart-shaped Blow

4. Blow Holes 2 blow holes 1 blow hole Baleen Whale Toothed Whale

5. Whale Lice 200,000 on their body

6. Barnacles Barnacles (200-400lbs) and Barnacle Scar

7. Feeding Depress tongue Lift Tongue Blonde Baleen

8. Rostrum and Baleen Baleen and Tongue

9. Gray Whale Food Items Mysids Krill Amphipods Opportunistic Feeders

10. Feeding Skimming Bottom Feeding-Left Tail Fluke

11. Dorsal Fins vs. Dorsal Humps Humpback Dorsal Fins Gray Whale Dorsal Humps

12. Identify Individuals by Dorsal Hump and Sometimes Tail Fluke

13. Behaviors Breach Kelping

14. Spyhop

15. Friendly Whales Found in San Ignacio Lagoon, Baja Cal. Mexico

16. What are you looking at?

18. Ecological Interrelationships Between Resident Gray Whales and Mysid Shrimp

21. Feeding Behaviors of Gray Whales Skim Feeding on Crab Larvae Mysid Feeding-notice left fluke is in the air so the whale is on its right side above bottom. Each feeding behavior is unique for the type of prey the gray whale is targeting. Feeding on mysids in a Bullwhip Kelp bed-looks like a shark fin.

22. Mysid Swarms Seen on Fish Finders ( Red Band above the Black Bottom) Swarm 8 foot thick and continuous Sharking- indicative of mysid feeding seen in areas with thick echogram traces of mysids and shallow waters 20-35 feet deep

24. What is in Whale Fecal Material? What is in Whale Fecal Material? Mysid with Telson Statocyst Neomysis telson to Left Holmesimysis to right

28. Mysid Sexes

29. How do you sample population dynamics information of mysids? Put down plankton net Put down underwater camera Determine density with acrylic cube Use of an acoustic sensor

30. Determining Density and Nearest Neighbor Distances (NND) Mysids NND can be from ½ body length to 2 body lengths Acrylic Cube

31. Determining Mysid Thickness with a Fish Finder

32. What Do We Know About the Life History of Mysids? Female Holmesimysis with brood pouch of 32 eggs-Stage 1 Mysids undergo 3 stages while in the brood pouch. To the right is: Stage 1-the Egg Stage

33. Mysid Larval Stages, Stage 2 and Stage 3 Female with 19 Stage 2 larva or “ Torpedo stage ” Late Stage 2, eyes pigmented Stage 3 Molted Larva have eyes on stalks -also called the “Cookie Monster Stage”

34. Problems Facing Gray Whales Natural Problems 1. Changes in Prey Biomass ie. El Nino 2. Attacks by Orcas ie. 1/3 Calves killed each year Man-made Problems 1. Boat Hits 2. Entanglement in Fishing Gear 3. Shot or Harpooned 4. Noise Levels ie. Shell Offshore Inc., 190dB problem 5. Toxins ie. Stinky Whales

35. What Happens to Gray Whales in Years with Poor Mysid Biomass? 2005 was a poor year for mysids and 2006 was an excellent year for mysids 2006 2005

36. Model Comparing Years of Continual Upwelling and Sporadic Upwelling 2005 and 2010 - weak winds 2003, 2004, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009 - strong winds

38. Body Condition varies with changes in Biomass Depression in Profile Straight Profile Good Body Condition seen in 2006 Poor Body Condition seen in 2005

39. They can become undernourished due to lack of food supplies Whales are sensitive to changes in their environment as seen by the scapula protruding

40. Orca Attacks Transient Orcas kill seals, sea lions and whales Tooth rakes on tail fluke or neck

41. Orcas Attack Star Star’s fluke in 1999 Star’s fluke in 2006 Evidence of an orca attack with tooth rakes on ventral and dorsal flukes

42. Orcas Attack mom Matrix Slasher and calf Nifer

43. Boat Propeller Cuts on Residents Cutter Rambolina Zebra Stripe rdh Zebra Stripe-left dorsal hump Zebra Stripe-rdh Football

44. Scarback Our most famous resident got hit by a harpoon Hit by exploding harpoon between 1985-1987 Whale lice

45. Scarback’s Tail Flukes changing with age-she’s turning gray New Discovery

46. Entanglement in Crab Pot Lines Humpback entangled in crab pot line

47. They can get lesions over their body due to toxins in the water or a depressed immune system Gray Whales with Toxins

48. Identification of Individual Gray Whales by Dorsal Hump Region Eagle Eye was born in 1994 to Snake Eyes and is a male Rare Flukeage Poopage Eagle Eye

49. White Whales and Dark Whales Chunky Ghost 8-Ball

50. Spike named for spikey dorsal hump and knuckles Ridgeback named for long ridge-like dorsal hump

51. Vinnie -A young whale named for the V-shaped dorsal hump and nn on neck

52. Morisa named for Morse Code-Dot and Dash

53. Milky Way -Scarback’s 2004 calf that returned as a 5-year old

54. 2002 LDH RDH Stretch named for stretch-mark like horizontal lines and stretching/breaching out of the water 2004

55. Patches named for barnacle patches on body

56. U-Fish Notice the U and Fish on each side of the dorsal hump

57. Dotsee Trio

58. Am I Dotsee or Trio

59. Valentine Notice the white heart and smooth dorsal hump-been here since 2003

60. Comet Notice the long white comet tail in front of the dorsal hump, c on the knuckles and how she blows underwater

61. Shamrock

62. Arrow Notice the white arrow on the left dorsal hump and he’s a lefty

63. Pointer Notice pointed dorsal hump and killer whale tooth rakes and bite marks

64. New Discovery-Gray Whale DD Bubble Net Feeding

65. Dotty Meteor Winky How would you distinguish these individual whales?

66. Oregon’s Resident Whales Courting Fluking In Synchrony Courting Behavior, late summer, female on left

67. . Olivia P. Dorsi- a very promiscious young female

68. Oh No it’s two Pink Floyds-only 6 feet long, hot pink and prehensile

69. Curious Oregon Gray Whales

70. Resident gray whale Localities Whale Cove Cape Foulweather Boiler Bay Eagle Eye heading towards Depoe Bay

71. My Zodiac with my dog and first mate, Kida

72. Close Encounters of the Whale Kind

73. Kida and the Whales

74. Good Bye From Ribbon

75. Good Bye From Snowflake

76. Good Bye From Stretch

77. Good Bye From Wishbone

78. 20 (2.16 0 Mean Number of Juveniles/Female in August (n=75) 33 (1.59 0 Mean Number of Eggs/Female in August (n=67) 21 (1.29 19 (1.58) Mean Number of Juveniles/Female in May (n=85) 25 (4.32 22 (4.34) Mean Number of Eggs/Female in May (n=52) Mysids 0% 80% Percent of Whales in Poor Condition 90% 19% Percent of Time in Mysid Feeding 95% 20% Percent of Time of Whales in Residency 37 15 Number of Resident Whales 77 38 Days Observing 462 228 Observing Hours Resident Whales 2006 2005