Ryan Buzzini
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Managing Risk - Identifying Issues in the Workplace National Rx Drug Abuse Summit 4-10-12
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Ryan Buzzini
- 1. Managing Risk - Identifying Issues in the Workplace April 10-12, 2012 Walt Disney World Swan Resort
- 2. Accepted Learning Objectives: 1. Identify the signs and symptoms of drug addiction. 2. Describe the proper procedure for employers to take when they suspect substance abuse in their employees. 3. Explain the potential liabilities faced by employers who do not address substance abuse issues within the workplace.
- 4. Marijuana
- 5. Marijuana • Can be chemically addictive. • THC concentrations in marijuana average close to 10 percent, compared to around 4 percent in the 1980s. • Several studies associate workers' marijuana smoking with increased absences, tardiness, accidents, workers' compensation claims, and job turnover. *Source – National Institute on Drug Abuse
- 6. Marijuana – Signs & Symptoms • Euphoria • Relaxed Inhibitions • Increased Appetite • Poor Coordination • Plant Residue • Odor of Substance • Marked Reddening of the Eyes • Addiction
- 7. K2/Spice Adverse Side Effects: • Nausea, Vomiting • Increased Agitation • Elevated Blood Pressure • Increased Heart Rate • Seizure • Loss of Consciousness
- 8. Bath Salts Adverse Side Effects: • Extreme Hallucinations • Suicidal Thoughts • Paranoia • Increased Heart Rate • Addiction
- 9. Prescription Drugs • In 2010, approximately 16 million Americans reported using a prescription drug for nonmedical reasons in the past year; 7 million in the past month. • 2nd most commonly abused drug… (Marijuana #1) *Source: National Institute on Drug Abuse
- 10. Depressants Barbituates Benzodiazepines Flunitrazepam • Amobarbital • Xanax • Rohypnol • Amytal • Ativan • Phenobarbital • Valium Slang Terms Slang Terms Slang Terms Barbs, Phennies, Benz, Candy, Downers, Roofies, Forget-Me-Pill, Reds, Yellow Jackets Footballs Roach
- 11. Depressants – Signs & Symptoms • Diminished Coordination • Drowsiness • Disorientation • Slower Reflexes • Drunken Behavior • Slurred Speech • Addiction
- 12. Stimulants Amphetamines Methamphetamine Methylphenidate • Benzedrine • Desoxyn • Ritalin • Dexedrine • Adderall Slang Terms Slang Terms Slang Terms Bennies, Speed, Crank, Crystal, Meth, Kiddie Cocaine, Vitamin Addies, Dexies Speed, Chalk R, R-Ball
- 13. Stimulants – Signs & Symptoms • Enlarged Pupils • Increased Alertness • Excitability • Euphoria • Increased Heart Rate • Loss of Appetite • Addiction
- 14. The Eyes Don’t Lie Narcotic Analgesics – Meth, Cocaine, Ritalin, Diet Heroin, Pain Pills Pills, Hallucinogens
- 15. Hallucinogens Lersergic Acid Phencyclidine Methylenedioxy- Diethylamide methamphetamine • LSD • PCP • Sernlylan • MDMA Slang Terms Slang Terms Slang Terms Acid, Blotter, Angel Dust, Hog, Ecstasy, X, XTC, Adam Bloomers, Cubes PCP
- 16. Hallucinogens – Signs & Symptoms • Illusions/Hallucinations • Poor Perception of Time & Distance • Increased Heart Rate & Blood Pressure • Violence • Impaired Hand-Eye Coordination • Psychosis • Addiction
- 17. Narcotics/Analgesics Oxycodone Hydrocodone Morphine • Oxycontin • Vicodin • Duramorph • Percocet • Norco • Morphine • Roxicodone • Lorcet • Roxanol Slang Terms Slang Terms Slang Terms Oxy, O/C, Percs, Vike, Hydro, Hykes M, Miss Emma, Orange Crush Monkey, White Stuff
- 18. Narcotics – Signs & Symptoms • Constricted Pupils • Euphoria • Drowsiness • Respiratory Depression • Nausea • Constipation • Addiction
- 19. The Eyes Don’t Lie Narcotic Analgesics – Meth, Cocaine, Ritalin, Diet Heroin, Pain Pills Pills, Hallucinogens
- 20. Inhalants Volatile Solvents Nitrites Anesthetics • Adhesives • Butyl Nitrite • Nitrous Oxide • Paint Thinner • Amyl Nitrite • Chloroform • Deodorants • Ether Slang Terms Slang Terms Slang Terms Sniffing, Glue Sniffing, Bolt, Poppers, Bullet, Laughing Gas, Huffing Snappers Whippets
- 21. Inhalants – Signs & Symptoms • Euphoria • Slurred Speech • Nausea • Fainting • Rapid Heartbeat • Lowered BP • Hallucinations • Addiction
- 22. Supervisors Responsibilities It is your responsibility to: • Maintain a safe, secure and productive environment for employees • Evaluate and discuss performance with employees • Treat all employees fairly • Act in a manner that does not demean or label people It is NOT your responsibility to: • Diagnose drug and alcohol problems • Have all the answers • Provide counseling and therapy • Be a police officer
- 23. Performance Problems vs. Crisis Situations Crisis situations can consist of: • Dangerous behavior • Threatening behavior • Obvious impairment • Possession of alcohol and other drugs • Illegal activity
- 24. Job Performance Signs & Symptoms • Inconsistent work quality • Poor concentration • Lowered productivity • Increased absenteeism/disappearances • Carelessness/mistakes • Errors in judgment/risk taking
- 25. Intervention & Referral • Document the performance problem • Use constructive confrontation • Refer for assistance • Follow up on progress towards meeting performance goals
- 26. Document the Performance Problem • The name of the employee • The date, time, and location of the incident • A short summary of the supervisor’s observations • Any involvement of witnesses • The action the supervisors take to intervene • Reasonable suspicion observations • The employee’s response
- 27. Constructive Confrontation • Tell employee you are concerned about his/her job performance • Refer to documentation of specific events • Ask for explanation • Avoid getting involved in discussions of personal problems • State what must be done to correct the problem • Set time frame for performance improvements • Specify consequences if problems continue
- 28. Do’s and Don’ts for Supervisors DO emphasize that you only are concerned with work performance or conduct DO have documentation of performance in front of you when you talk to the employee DO remember that many problems get worse without assistance DO emphasize that conversations with the EAP, if applicable, are confidential. DO call the EAP, if applicable, to discuss how to make a referral
- 29. Do’s and Don’ts for Supervisors DON’T try to diagnose the problem DON’T moralize…limit comments to job performance and conduct issues only DON’T discuss alcohol and drug use…stick strictly to the topic of performance DON’T be misled by sympathy-evoking tactics DON’T make threats that you do not intend to carry out. If you threaten disciplinary action, you must follow through
- 30. Drug Users as Employees • More likely to be involved in an accident • More likely to file a workers’ comp claim • More likely to utilize health care benefits • More likely to quit or get fired • More likely to steal from their workplace • More likely to miss work or show up late • More likely to be involved in a confrontation *Source: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration / Department of Labor
- 31. Impact on Safety Substance abusers are… • 3.6 times more likely to be involved in a workplace accident • 5 times more likely to file a workers’ compensation claim • In fact, as many as 50% of all workers’ compensation claims involve substance abuse *Source : HHS
- 32. Drug Users vs. Non-Drug Users Behavior Users Non-Users More than 3 employers 12.3% 5.1% in past year More than 2 work days missed 16.4% 11.0% in past month due to illness/injury More than 1 day skipped 16.3% 8.2% in past month *Source: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration / Department of Labor
- 33. Financial Burden It is estimated that alcohol and other drug abuse costs the U.S. economy over $81 billion a year.